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Dang C, Wang Z, Hughes-Riley T, Dias T, Qian S, Wang Z, Wang X, Liu M, Yu S, Liu R, Xu D, Wei L, Yan W, Zhu M. Fibres-threads of intelligence-enable a new generation of wearable systems. Chem Soc Rev 2024. [PMID: 39087714 DOI: 10.1039/d4cs00286e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Fabrics represent a unique platform for seamlessly integrating electronics into everyday experiences. The advancements in functionalizing fabrics at both the single fibre level and within constructed fabrics have fundamentally altered their utility. The revolution in materials, structures, and functionality at the fibre level enables intimate and imperceptible integration, rapidly transforming fibres and fabrics into next-generation wearable devices and systems. In this review, we explore recent scientific and technological breakthroughs in smart fibre-enabled fabrics. We examine common challenges and bottlenecks in fibre materials, physics, chemistry, fabrication strategies, and applications that shape the future of wearable electronics. We propose a closed-loop smart fibre-enabled fabric ecosystem encompassing proactive sensing, interactive communication, data storage and processing, real-time feedback, and energy storage and harvesting, intended to tackle significant challenges in wearable technology. Finally, we envision computing fabrics as sophisticated wearable platforms with system-level attributes for data management, machine learning, artificial intelligence, and closed-loop intelligent networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Dang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Zhixun Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Theodore Hughes-Riley
- Nottingham School of Art and Design, Nottingham Trent University, Dryden Street, Nottingham, NG1 4GG, UK.
| | - Tilak Dias
- Nottingham School of Art and Design, Nottingham Trent University, Dryden Street, Nottingham, NG1 4GG, UK.
| | - Shengtai Qian
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Zhe Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Xingbei Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Mingyang Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Senlong Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Rongkun Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Dewen Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Lei Wei
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Wei Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
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2
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Wang H, Zeng C, Wang C, Fu J, Li Y, Yang Y, Du Z, Tao G, Sun Q, Zhai T, Li H. Fibration of powdery materials. NATURE MATERIALS 2024; 23:596-603. [PMID: 38418925 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-01821-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Non-destructive processing of powders into macroscopic materials with a wealth of structural and functional possibilities has immeasurable scientific significance and application value, yet remains a challenge using conventional processing techniques. Here we developed a universal fibration method, using two-dimensional cellulose as a mediator, to process diverse powdered materials into micro-/nanofibres, which provides structural support to the particles and preserves their own specialties and architectures. It is found that the self-shrinking force drives the two-dimensional cellulose and supported particles to pucker and roll into fibres, a gentle process that prevents agglomeration and structural damage of the powder particles. We demonstrate over 120 fibre samples involving various powder guests, including elements, compounds, organics and hybrids in different morphologies, densities and particle sizes. Customized fibres with an adjustable diameter and guest content can be easily constructed into high-performance macromaterials with various geometries, creating a library of building blocks for different fields of applications. Our fibration strategy provides a universal, powerful and non-destructive pathway bridging primary particles and macroapplications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanwei Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinzhou Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Yingying Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yushan Yang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhichen Du
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Guangming Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingfeng Sun
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Tianyou Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China.
| | - Huiqiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China.
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3
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Deng B, Wang Z, Choi CH, Li G, Yuan Z, Chen J, Luong DX, Eddy L, Shin B, Lathem A, Chen W, Cheng Y, Xu S, Liu Q, Han Y, Yakobson BI, Zhao Y, Tour JM. Kinetically Controlled Synthesis of Metallic Glass Nanoparticles with Expanded Composition Space. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309956. [PMID: 38305742 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Nanoscale metallic glasses offer opportunities for investigating fundamental properties of amorphous solids and technological applications in biomedicine, microengineering, and catalysis. However, their top-down fabrication is limited by bulk counterpart availability, and bottom-up synthesis remains underexplored due to strict formation conditions. Here, a kinetically controlled flash carbothermic reaction is developed, featuring ultrafast heating (>105 K s-1) and cooling rates (>104 K s-1), for synthesizing metallic glass nanoparticles within milliseconds. Nine compositional permutations of noble metals, base metals, and metalloid (M1─M2─P, M1 = Pt/Pd, M2 = Cu/Ni/Fe/Co/Sn) are synthesized with widely tunable particle sizes and substrates. Through combinatorial development, a substantially expanded composition space for nanoscale metallic glass is discovered compared to bulk counterpart, revealing that the nanosize effect enhances glass forming ability. Leveraging this, several nanoscale metallic glasses are synthesized with composition that have never, to the knowledge, been synthesized in bulk. The metallic glass nanoparticles exhibit high activity in heterogeneous catalysis, outperforming crystalline metal alloy nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Deng
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Chi Hun Choi
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Zhe Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Jinhang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Duy Xuan Luong
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Applied Physics Program, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Lucas Eddy
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Applied Physics Program, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Bongki Shin
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Alexander Lathem
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Applied Physics Program, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Weiyin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Yi Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Shichen Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Qiming Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Yimo Han
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Boris I Yakobson
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Yufeng Zhao
- Department of Science and Mathematics, Corban University, 5000 Deer Park Drive SE, Salem, OR, 97317, USA
| | - James M Tour
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- NanoCarbon Center and the Rice Advanced Materials Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
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4
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Lin Z, Duan S, Liu M, Dang C, Qian S, Zhang L, Wang H, Yan W, Zhu M. Insights into Materials, Physics, and Applications in Flexible and Wearable Acoustic Sensing Technology. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2306880. [PMID: 38015990 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Sound plays a crucial role in the perception of the world. It allows to communicate, learn, and detect potential dangers, diagnose diseases, and much more. However, traditional acoustic sensors are limited in their form factors, being rigid and cumbersome, which restricts their potential applications. Recently, acoustic sensors have made significant advancements, transitioning from rudimentary forms to wearable devices and smart everyday clothing that can conform to soft, curved, and deformable surfaces or surroundings. In this review, the latest scientific and technological breakthroughs with insightful analysis in materials, physics, design principles, fabrication strategies, functions, and applications of flexible and wearable acoustic sensing technology are comprehensively explored. The new generation of acoustic sensors that can recognize voice, interact with machines, control robots, enable marine positioning and localization, monitor structural health, diagnose human vital signs in deep tissues, and perform organ imaging is highlighted. These innovations offer unique solutions to significant challenges in fields such as healthcare, biomedicine, wearables, robotics, and metaverse. Finally, the existing challenges and future opportunities in the field are addressed, providing strategies to advance acoustic sensing technologies for intriguing real-world applications and inspire new research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Shengshun Duan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Mingyang Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Chao Dang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Shengtai Qian
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Luxue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Hailiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Wei Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
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5
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Gu Y, Pang F, Zhu M, Yang Y, Tang Y, Zhang L, Wei H, Wang T. Heterogeneous integrated optical fiber with side nickel core for distributed magnetic field sensing. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:7540-7552. [PMID: 38439432 DOI: 10.1364/oe.512379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
A design of a heterogeneous integrated optical fiber with side nickel core (SNCF) has been proposed and demonstrated for distributed fiber-optic magnetic field sensing. Experimental results show that magnetic properties of nickel can be preserved well after the high temperature drawing process. The functionality of the SNCF has been well verified, with the sensitivity for DC magnetic field being up to -2.42 µε/mT (below 8 mT). Besides, the SNCF finally presents magnetostriction saturation under a certain magnetic field, which agrees with the simulation. The proposed direct thermal drawing method to produce metal-heterogeneous integrated optical fiber paves the way for a simple and scalable means of incorporating metallic materials into fibers, as well as providing a promising candidate for long-distance distributed magnetic field sensing.
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6
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Wang Z, Wang Z, Li D, Yang C, Zhang Q, Chen M, Gao H, Wei L. High-quality semiconductor fibres via mechanical design. Nature 2024; 626:72-78. [PMID: 38297173 PMCID: PMC10830409 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06946-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Recent breakthroughs in fibre technology have enabled the assembly of functional materials with intimate interfaces into a single fibre with specific geometries1-11, delivering diverse functionalities over a large area, for example, serving as sensors, actuators, energy harvesting and storage, display, and healthcare apparatus12-17. As semiconductors are the critical component that governs device performance, the selection, control and engineering of semiconductors inside fibres are the key pathways to enabling high-performance functional fibres. However, owing to stress development and capillary instability in the high-yield fibre thermal drawing, both cracks and deformations in the semiconductor cores considerably affect the performance of these fibres. Here we report a mechanical design to achieve ultralong, fracture-free and perturbation-free semiconductor fibres, guided by a study on stress development and capillary instability at three stages of the fibre formation: the viscous flow, the core crystallization and the subsequent cooling stage. Then, the exposed semiconductor wires can be integrated into a single flexible fibre with well-defined interfaces with metal electrodes, thereby achieving optoelectronic fibres and large-scale optoelectronic fabrics. This work provides fundamental insights into extreme mechanics and fluid dynamics with geometries that are inaccessible in traditional platforms, essentially addressing the increasing demand for flexible and wearable optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixun Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhe Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dong Li
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chunlei Yang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qichong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China.
| | - Ming Chen
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Huajian Gao
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
- Institute of High-Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Lei Wei
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
- Institute for Digital Molecular Analytics and Science (IDMxS), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
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7
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Liu S, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Liu L, Sun S, Zhang S, Liu H, Liu S, Li Y, Yang F, Jiao M, Sun X, Zhang Y, Liu R, Mu X, Wang H, Zhang S, Yang J, Xie X, Duan X, Zhang J, Hong G, Zhang XD, Ming D. A Nanozyme-Based Electrode for High-Performance Neural Recording. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2304297. [PMID: 37882151 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Implanted neural electrodes have been widely used to treat brain diseases that require high sensitivity and biocompatibility at the tissue-electrode interface. However, currently used clinical electrodes cannot meet both these requirements simultaneously, which hinders the effective recording of electronic signals. Herein, nanozyme-based neural electrodes incorporating bioinspired atomically precise clusters are developed as a general strategy with a heterogeneous design for multiscale and ultrasensitive neural recording via quantum transport and biocatalytic processes. Owing to the dual high-speed electronic and ionic currents at the electrode-tissue interface, the impedance of nanozyme electrodes is 26 times lower than that of state-of-the-art metal electrodes, and the acquisition sensitivity for the local field potential is ≈10 times higher than that of clinical PtIr electrodes, enabling a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of up to 14.7 dB for single-neuron recordings in rats. The electrodes provide more than 100-fold higher antioxidant and multi-enzyme-like activities, which effectively decrease 67% of the neuronal injury area by inhibiting glial proliferation and allowing sensitive and stable neural recording. Moreover, nanozyme electrodes can considerably improve the SNR of seizures in acute epileptic rats and are expected to achieve precise localization of seizure foci in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangjie Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Si Sun
- Department of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, China
| | - Shaofang Zhang
- Department of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, China
| | - Haile Liu
- Department of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, China
| | - Shuhu Liu
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility (BSRF), Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yonghui Li
- Department of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305, USA
| | - Menglu Jiao
- Department of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, China
| | - Xinyu Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yuqin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Renpeng Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiaoyu Mu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300041, China
| | - Jiang Yang
- School of Electronics and Information Technology and Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xi Xie
- School of Electronics and Information Technology and Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xiaojie Duan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jianning Zhang
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300041, China
| | - Guosong Hong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305, USA
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Department of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, China
| | - Dong Ming
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
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8
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Zhao R, Shen L, Xiao D, Chang C, Huang Y, Yu J, Zhang H, Liu M, Zhao S, Yao W, Lu Z, Sun B, Bai H, Zou Z, Yang M, Wang W. Diverse glasses revealed from Chang'E-5 lunar regolith. Natl Sci Rev 2023; 10:nwad079. [PMID: 37954203 PMCID: PMC10632798 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Lunar glasses with different origins act as snapshots of their formation processes, providing a rich archive of the Moon's formation and evolution. Here, we reveal diverse glasses from Chang'E-5 (CE-5) lunar regolith, and clarify their physical origins of liquid quenching, vapor deposition and irradiation damage respectively. The series of quenched glasses, including rotation-featured particles, vesicular agglutinates and adhered melts, record multiple-scale impact events. Abundant micro-impact products, like micron- to nano-scale glass droplets or craters, highlight that the regolith is heavily reworked by frequent micrometeorite bombardment. Distinct from Apollo samples, the indigenous ultra-elongated glass fibers drawn from viscous melts and the widespread ultra-thin deposited amorphous rims without nanophase iron particles both indicate a relatively gentle impact environment at the CE-5 landing site. The clarification of multitype CE-5 glasses also provides a catalogue of diverse lunar glasses, meaning that more of the Moon's mysteries, recorded in glasses, could be deciphered in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhao
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Laiquan Shen
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Dongdong Xiao
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chao Chang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yao Huang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jihao Yu
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huaping Zhang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Shaofan Zhao
- Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Wei Yao
- Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Zhen Lu
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Baoan Sun
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Haiyang Bai
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Zhigang Zou
- Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Mengfei Yang
- Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China
- China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Weihua Wang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
- Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China
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9
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Zhou J, Chen L, Wu J, Lu Z, Liu F, Chen X, Xue P, Li C, Wei L, Wu G, Li Q, Zhang Q. High-Sensitivity Self-Powered Photodetector Fibers Using Hierarchical Heterojunction Photoelectrodes Enable Wearable Amphibious Optoelectronic Textiles. NANO LETTERS 2023. [PMID: 37962986 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Fiber-shaped photodetectors (FPDs) with multidirectional light absorption properties offer exciting opportunities for intelligent optoelectronic textiles. However, achieving FPDs capable of working in ampule environments, especially with high sensitivity, remains a fundamental challenge. Here, quasi-solid-state twisted-fiber photoelectrochemical photodetectors (FPPDs) consisting of photoanode, gel electrolyte, and counter electrode are successfully assembled. In situ decorated n-type one-dimensional (1D) TiO2 nanowire arrays with 2D Ni-Fe metal-organic framework (NiFeMOF) nanosheets serve as hierarchical heterojunction photoanodes, thereby optimizing carrier transfer dynamics at the photoanode/electrolyte interface. As expected, the resulting self-powered FPPD exhibits 88.6 mA W-1 high responsiveness and a < 30 ms fast response time. Significantly, our FPPD can operate in both terrestrial and aquatic environments thanks to its intrinsic ionic properties, making it a versatile tool for detecting ultraviolet light on land and facilitating optical communication underwater. These high-sensitivity self-powered FPPDs with hierarchical heterojunction photoelectrodes hold promise for the development of wearable amphibious optoelectronic textiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Long Chen
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Jiajun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zecheng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Fan Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Xuedan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Pan Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Chunsheng Li
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Lei Wei
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Guan Wu
- National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Qingwen Li
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Qichong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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10
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Lu Z, Chen L, Zhou J, He B, Liu R, Zhu C, Xue P, Sun Y, Li C, Wei L, Li Q, Zhang Q. Integrating High-Sensitivity Photodetector and High-Energy Aqueous Battery in All-in-One Triple-Twisted Fiber. ACS NANO 2023; 17:20087-20097. [PMID: 37787647 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Fiber-shaped photodetectors (FPDs) have attracted special attention to wearable health monitoring due to their 3D absorption capabilities. However, the practical application of traditional FPDs is severely limited by the irreversible degradation of performance caused by vulnerable interface compatibility on complex deformation and a single function. Here, an integrated photoelectrochemical FPD/battery device (FPDB) is designed, consisting of a common electrode, photoanode, anode, and sol-gel electrolyte as an isolation layer, which not only effectively avoids the short circuit problem of FPD but also endows high-efficiency energy storage capacity. As expected, the resulting all-in-one triple-twisted fiber-shaped FPDB simultaneously achieves high responsiveness of 151.45 mA W-1 and excellent volume capacity of 18.75 mAh cm-3. Such a stable architectural design and multifunctional integration of functional fibers accelerate the development of next-generation wearable fabrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zecheng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Photovoltaic Technology of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, School of Physical Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Long Chen
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jianxian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Bing He
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Ruijian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Photovoltaic Technology of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, School of Physical Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Chengjun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Photovoltaic Technology of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, School of Physical Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Pan Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Yan Sun
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Electrode Materials for Novel Solar Cells for Petroleum and Chemical Industry of China, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Chunsheng Li
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Electrode Materials for Novel Solar Cells for Petroleum and Chemical Industry of China, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Lei Wei
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Qingwen Li
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Qichong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
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11
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Qian S, Wang X, Yan W. Piezoelectric fibers for flexible and wearable electronics. FRONTIERS OF OPTOELECTRONICS 2023; 16:3. [PMID: 36944822 PMCID: PMC10030726 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-023-00058-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Flexible and wearable electronics represent paramount technologies offering revolutionized solutions for medical diagnosis and therapy, nerve and organ interfaces, fabric computation, robot-in-medicine and metaverse. Being ubiquitous in everyday life, piezoelectric materials and devices play a vital role in flexible and wearable electronics with their intriguing functionalities, including energy harvesting, sensing and actuation, personal health care and communications. As a new emerging flexible and wearable technology, fiber-shaped piezoelectric devices offer unique advantages over conventional thin-film counterparts. In this review, we survey the recent scientific and technological breakthroughs in thermally drawn piezoelectric fibers and fiber-enabled intelligent fabrics. We highlight the fiber materials, fiber architecture, fabrication, device integration as well as functions that deliver higher forms of unique applications across smart sensing, health care, space security, actuation and energy domains. We conclude with a critical analysis of existing challenges and opportunities that will be important for the continued progress of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengtai Qian
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xingbei Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wei Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
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12
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Chen X, Cao H, He Y, Zhou Q, Li Z, Wang W, He Y, Tao G, Hou C. Advanced functional nanofibers: strategies to improve performance and expand functions. FRONTIERS OF OPTOELECTRONICS 2022; 15:50. [PMID: 36567731 PMCID: PMC9761053 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-022-00051-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanofibers have a wide range of applications in many fields such as energy generation and storage, environmental sensing and treatment, biomedical and health, thanks to their large specific surface area, excellent flexibility, and superior mechanical properties. With the expansion of application fields and the upgrade of application requirements, there is an inevitable trend of improving the performance and functions of nanofibers. Over the past few decades, numerous studies have demonstrated how nanofibers can be adapted to more complex needs through modifications of their structures, materials, and assembly. Thus, it is necessary to systematically review the field of nanofibers in which new ideas and technologies are emerging. Here we summarize the recent advanced strategies to improve the performances and expand the functions of nanofibers. We first introduce the common methods of preparing nanofibers, then summarize the advances in the field of nanofibers, especially up-to-date strategies for further enhancing their functionalities. We classify these strategies into three categories: design of nanofiber structures, tuning of nanofiber materials, and improvement of nanofibers assemblies. Finally, the optimization methods, materials, application areas, and fabrication methods are summarized, and existing challenges and future research directions are discussed. We hope this review can provide useful guidance for subsequent related work. Graphical abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Chen
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Honghao Cao
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, 02139 USA
| | - Yue He
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Qili Zhou
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Zhangcheng Li
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Wen Wang
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Yu He
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Guangming Tao
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Chong Hou
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
- Research Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518063 China
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13
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Dong C, Leber A, Yan D, Banerjee H, Laperrousaz S, Das Gupta T, Shadman S, Reis PM, Sorin F. 3D stretchable and self-encapsulated multimaterial triboelectric fibers. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabo0869. [PMID: 36367937 PMCID: PMC9651858 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abo0869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A robust power device for wearable technologies and soft electronics must feature good encapsulation, high deformability, and reliable electrical outputs. Despite substantial progress in materials and architectures for two-dimensional (2D) planar power configurations, fiber-based systems remain limited to relatively simple configurations and low performance due to challenges in processing methods. Here, we extend complex 2D triboelectric nanogenerator configurations to 3D fiber formats based on scalable thermal processing of water-resistant thermoplastic elastomers and composites. We perform mechanical analysis using finite element modeling to understand the fiber's deformation and the level of control and engineering on its mechanical behavior and thus to guide its dimensional designs for enhanced electrical performance. With microtexture patterned functional surfaces, the resulting fibers can reliably produce state-of-the-art electrical outputs from various mechanical deformations, even under harsh conditions. These mechanical and electrical attributes allow their integration with large and stretchable surfaces for electricity generation of hundreds of microamperes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun Dong
- Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Leber
- Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dong Yan
- Institute of Mechanical Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hritwick Banerjee
- Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stella Laperrousaz
- Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tapajyoti Das Gupta
- Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Shahrzad Shadman
- Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pedro M. Reis
- Institute of Mechanical Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fabien Sorin
- Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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14
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Controlled filamentation instability as a scalable fabrication approach to flexible metamaterials. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6154. [PMID: 36257953 PMCID: PMC9579152 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33853-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Long and flexible arrays of nanowires find impactful applications in sensing, photonics, and energy harvesting. Conventional manufacturing relies largely on lithographic methods limited in wafer size, rigidity, and machine write time. Here, we report a scalable process to generate encapsulated flexible nanowire arrays with high aspect ratios and excellent tunable size and periodicity. Our strategy is to control nanowire self-assembly into 2D and 3D architectures via the filamentation of a textured thin film under anisotropic stretching. This is achieved by coupling soft lithography, glancing angle deposition, and thermal drawing to obtain well-ordered meters-long nanowires with diameters down to 50 nanometers. We demonstrate that the nanowire diameter and period of the array can be decoupled and manipulated independently. We propose a filamentation criterion and perform numerical simulations implementing destabilizing long-range Van der Waals interactions. Applied to high-index chalcogenide glasses, we show that this decoupling allows for tuning diffraction. Finally, harnessing Mie resonance, we demonstrate the possibility of manufacturing macroscopic meta-grating superstructures for nanophotonic applications. The simple and scalable fabrication of high aspect ratio encapsulated flexible nanowire arrays with controlled size and periodicity is demonstrated and modelled, enabling nanophotonics applications requiring long-range order over several meters.
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15
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Qian S, Liu M, Dou Y, Fink Y, Yan W. A 'Moore's law' for fibers enables intelligent fabrics. Natl Sci Rev 2022; 10:nwac202. [PMID: 36684517 PMCID: PMC9843301 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwac202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Fabrics are an indispensable part of our everyday life. They provide us with protection, offer privacy and form an intimate expression of ourselves through their esthetics. Imparting functionality at the fiber level represents an intriguing path toward innovative fabrics with a hitherto unparalleled functionality and value. The fiber technology based on thermal drawing of a preform, which is identical in its materials and geometry to the final fiber, has emerged as a powerful platform for the production of exquisite fibers with prerequisite composition, geometric complexity and control over feature size. A 'Moore's law' for fibers is emerging, delivering higher forms of function that are important for a broad spectrum of practical applications in healthcare, sports, robotics, space exploration, etc. In this review, we survey progress in thermally drawn fibers and devices, and discuss their relevance to 'smart' fabrics. A new generation of fabrics that can see, hear and speak, sense, communicate, harvest and store energy, as well as store and process data is anticipated. We conclude with a critical analysis of existing challenges and opportunities currently faced by thermally drawn fibers and fabrics that are expected to become sophisticated platforms delivering value-added services for our society.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yuhai Dou
- Institute for Energy Materials Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yoel Fink
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Wei Yan
- Corresponding author. E-mail:
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16
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Wide bandgap semiconductor nanomembranes as a long-term biointerface for flexible, implanted neuromodulator. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2203287119. [PMID: 35939711 PMCID: PMC9388084 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2203287119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrical neuron stimulation holds promise for treating chronic neurological disorders, including spinal cord injury, epilepsy, and Parkinson's disease. The implementation of ultrathin, flexible electrodes that can offer noninvasive attachment to soft neural tissues is a breakthrough for timely, continuous, programable, and spatial stimulations. With strict flexibility requirements in neural implanted stimulations, the use of conventional thick and bulky packages is no longer applicable, posing major technical issues such as short device lifetime and long-term stability. We introduce herein a concept of long-lived flexible neural electrodes using silicon carbide (SiC) nanomembranes as a faradic interface and thermal oxide thin films as an electrical barrier layer. The SiC nanomembranes were developed using a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process at the wafer level, and thermal oxide was grown using a high-quality wet oxidation technique. The proposed material developments are highly scalable and compatible with MEMS technologies, facilitating the mass production of long-lived implanted bioelectrodes. Our experimental results showed excellent stability of the SiC/silicon dioxide (SiO2) bioelectronic system that can potentially last for several decades with well-maintained electronic properties in biofluid environments. We demonstrated the capability of the proposed material system for peripheral nerve stimulation in an animal model, showing muscle contraction responses comparable to those of a standard non-implanted nerve stimulation device. The design concept, scalable fabrication approach, and multimodal functionalities of SiC/SiO2 flexible electronics offer an exciting possibility for fundamental neuroscience studies, as well as for neural stimulation-based therapies.
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17
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Kim J, Zhao Y, Yang S, Feng Z, Wang A, Davalos RV, Jia X. Laser Machined Fiber-based Microprobe: Application in Microscale Electroporation. ADVANCED FIBER MATERIALS 2022; 4:859-872. [PMID: 37799114 PMCID: PMC10552288 DOI: 10.1007/s42765-022-00148-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Microscale electroporation devices are mostly restricted to in vitro experiments (i.e., microchannel and microcapillary). Novel fiber-based microprobes can enable in vivo microscale electroporation and arbitrarily select the cell groups of interest to electroporate. We developed a flexible, fiber-based microscale electroporation device through a thermal drawing process and femtosecond laser micromachining techniques. The fiber consists of four copper electrodes (80 μm), one microfluidic channel (30 μm), and has an overall diameter of 400 μm. The dimensions of the exposed electrodes and channel were customizable through a delicate femtosecond laser setup. The feasibility of the fiber probe was validated through numerical simulations and in vitro experiments. Successful reversible and irreversible microscale electroporation was observed in a 3D collagen scaffold (seeded with U251 human glioma cells) using fluorescent staining. The ablation regions were estimated by performing the covariance error ellipse method and compared with the numerical simulations. The computational and experimental results of the working fiber-based microprobe suggest the feasibility of in vivo microscale electroporation in space-sensitive areas, such as the deep brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongwoon Kim
- Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - Yajun Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA
| | - Shuo Yang
- Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - Ziang Feng
- Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - Anbo Wang
- Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - Rafael V. Davalos
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA
| | - Xiaoting Jia
- Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
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18
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Nishimoto R, Sato Y, Wu J, Saizaki T, Kubo M, Wang M, Abe H, Richard I, Yoshinobu T, Sorin F, Guo Y. Thermally Drawn CNT-Based Hybrid Nanocomposite Fiber for Electrochemical Sensing. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:559. [PMID: 35892456 PMCID: PMC9394265 DOI: 10.3390/bios12080559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, bioelectronic devices are evolving from rigid to flexible materials and substrates, among which thermally-drawn-fiber-based bioelectronics represent promising technologies thanks to their inherent flexibility and seamless integration of multi-functionalities. However, electrochemical sensing within fibers remains a poorly explored area, as it imposes new demands for material properties-both the electrochemical sensitivity and the thermomechanical compatibility with the fiber drawing process. Here, we designed and fabricated microelectrode fibers made of carbon nanotube (CNT)-based hybrid nanocomposites and further evaluated their detailed electrochemical sensing performances. Carbon-black-impregnated polyethylene (CB-CPE) was chosen as the base material, into which CNT was loaded homogeneously in a concentration range of 3.8 to 10 wt%. First, electrical impedance characterization of CNT nanocomposites showed a remarkable decrease of the resistance with the increase in CNT loading ratio, suggesting that CNTs notably increased the effective electrical current pathways inside the composites. In addition, the proof-of-principle performance of fiber-based microelectrodes was characterized for the detection of ferrocenemethanol (FcMeOH) and dopamine (DA), exhibiting an ultra-high sensitivity. Additionally, we further examined the long-term stability of such composite-based electrode in exposure to the aqueous environment, mimicking the in vivo or in vitro settings. Later, we functionalized the surface of the microelectrode fiber with ion-sensitive membranes (ISM) for the selective sensing of Na+ ions. The miniature fiber-based electrochemical sensor developed here holds great potential for standalone point-of-care sensing applications. In the future, taking full advantage of the thermal drawing process, the electrical, optical, chemical, and electrochemical modalities can be all integrated together within a thin strand of fiber. This single fiber can be useful for fundamental multi-mechanistic studies for biological applications and the weaved fibers can be further applied for daily health monitoring as functional textiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rino Nishimoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; (R.N.); (J.W.); (M.W.); (H.A.); (T.Y.)
| | - Yuichi Sato
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences (FRIS), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-0845, Japan;
| | - Jingxuan Wu
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; (R.N.); (J.W.); (M.W.); (H.A.); (T.Y.)
| | - Tomoki Saizaki
- School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; (T.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Mahiro Kubo
- School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; (T.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Mengyun Wang
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; (R.N.); (J.W.); (M.W.); (H.A.); (T.Y.)
| | - Hiroya Abe
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; (R.N.); (J.W.); (M.W.); (H.A.); (T.Y.)
| | - Inès Richard
- Institute of Materials, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (I.R.); (F.S.)
| | - Tatsuo Yoshinobu
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; (R.N.); (J.W.); (M.W.); (H.A.); (T.Y.)
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Fabien Sorin
- Institute of Materials, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (I.R.); (F.S.)
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences (FRIS), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-0845, Japan;
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
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19
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Metallic glasses and metallic glass nanostructures for functional electrocatalytic applications. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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Balakrishnan G, Song J, Mou C, Bettinger CJ. Recent Progress in Materials Chemistry to Advance Flexible Bioelectronics in Medicine. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2106787. [PMID: 34751987 PMCID: PMC8917047 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202106787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Designing bioelectronic devices that seamlessly integrate with the human body is a technological pursuit of great importance. Bioelectronic medical devices that reliably and chronically interface with the body can advance neuroscience, health monitoring, diagnostics, and therapeutics. Recent major efforts focus on investigating strategies to fabricate flexible, stretchable, and soft electronic devices, and advances in materials chemistry have emerged as fundamental to the creation of the next generation of bioelectronics. This review summarizes contemporary advances and forthcoming technical challenges related to three principal components of bioelectronic devices: i) substrates and structural materials, ii) barrier and encapsulation materials, and iii) conductive materials. Through notable illustrations from the literature, integration and device fabrication strategies and associated challenges for each material class are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiwoo Song
- Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Chenchen Mou
- Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
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21
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Optical Fiber-Integrated Metasurfaces: An Emerging Platform for Multiple Optical Applications. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12050793. [PMID: 35269280 PMCID: PMC8912696 DOI: 10.3390/nano12050793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The advent of metasurface technology has revolutionized the field of optics and photonics in recent years due to its capability of engineering optical wavefronts with well-patterned nanostructures at subwavelength scale. Meanwhile, inspired and benefited from the tremendous success of the “lab-on-fiber” concept, the integration of metasurface with optical fibers has drawn particular interest in the last decade, which establishes a novel technological platform towards the development of “all-in-fiber” metasurface-based devices. Thereby, this review aims to present and summarize the optical fiber-integrated metasurfaces with the current state of the art. The application scenarios of the optical fiber metasurface-based devices are well classified and discussed accordingly, with a brief explanation of physical fundamentals and design methods. The key fabrication methods corresponding to various optical fiber metasurfaces are summarized and compared. Furthermore, the challenges and potential future research directions of optical fiber metasurfaces are addressed to further leverage the flexibility and versatility of meta-fiber-based devices. It is believed that the optical fiber metasurfaces, as a novel all-around technological platform, will be exploited for a large range of applications in telecommunication, sensing, imaging, and biomedicine.
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Richard I, Maurya AK, Shadman S, Masquelier E, Marthey LS, Neels A, Sorin F. Unraveling the Influence of Thermal Drawing Parameters on the Microstructure and Thermo-Mechanical Properties of Multimaterial Fibers. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2101392. [PMID: 34761869 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202101392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Multimaterial thermally drawn fibers are becoming important building blocks in several foreseen applications in surgical probes, protective gears, or medical textiles. Here, the influence of the thermal drawing parameters on the degree of polymer chain orientation, the related thermal shrinkage behavior, and the mechanical properties of the final fibers is investigated via thermo-mechanical testing and small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS and WAXS) analyses. This study on polyetherimide fibers reveals that the drawing stress, which depends on the drawing speed and temperature, controls the thermal shrinkage behavior and mechanical properties. Furthermore, SAXS and WAXS analyses show that the degree of chain orientation increases with drawing stresses below 8 MPa and then saturates, which correlates with the amount of observed shrinkage. The use of this process-dependent polymer chain alignment to tune the mechanical and shrinkage properties of the fibers is highlighted and controlled bending multimaterial fibers made of two polymethyl methacrylates having different molecular weights are developed. Finally, a heat treatment procedure is proposed to relax the chain alignment and increase the dimensional stability of devices such as temperature sensors. This deeper understanding can serve as a guide for the processing of complex fibers requiring specific mechanical properties or enhanced thermal stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inès Richard
- Laboratory of Photonic Materials and Fibre Devices (FIMAP), Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Anjani K Maurya
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Center for X-Ray Analytics, St. Gallen, CH-9014, Switzerland
- ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 50, Bern, 3008, Switzerland
| | - Shahrzad Shadman
- Laboratory of Photonic Materials and Fibre Devices (FIMAP), Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Eloïse Masquelier
- Laboratory of Photonic Materials and Fibre Devices (FIMAP), Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Lison S Marthey
- Laboratory of Photonic Materials and Fibre Devices (FIMAP), Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Antonia Neels
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Center for X-Ray Analytics, St. Gallen, CH-9014, Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, Fribourg, 1700, Switzerland
| | - Fabien Sorin
- Laboratory of Photonic Materials and Fibre Devices (FIMAP), Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
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23
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Meng Y, Chen Y, Lu L, Ding Y, Cusano A, Fan JA, Hu Q, Wang K, Xie Z, Liu Z, Yang Y, Liu Q, Gong M, Xiao Q, Sun S, Zhang M, Yuan X, Ni X. Optical meta-waveguides for integrated photonics and beyond. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2021; 10:235. [PMID: 34811345 PMCID: PMC8608813 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-021-00655-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The growing maturity of nanofabrication has ushered massive sophisticated optical structures available on a photonic chip. The integration of subwavelength-structured metasurfaces and metamaterials on the canonical building block of optical waveguides is gradually reshaping the landscape of photonic integrated circuits, giving rise to numerous meta-waveguides with unprecedented strength in controlling guided electromagnetic waves. Here, we review recent advances in meta-structured waveguides that synergize various functional subwavelength photonic architectures with diverse waveguide platforms, such as dielectric or plasmonic waveguides and optical fibers. Foundational results and representative applications are comprehensively summarized. Brief physical models with explicit design tutorials, either physical intuition-based design methods or computer algorithms-based inverse designs, are cataloged as well. We highlight how meta-optics can infuse new degrees of freedom to waveguide-based devices and systems, by enhancing light-matter interaction strength to drastically boost device performance, or offering a versatile designer media for manipulating light in nanoscale to enable novel functionalities. We further discuss current challenges and outline emerging opportunities of this vibrant field for various applications in photonic integrated circuits, biomedical sensing, artificial intelligence and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Yizhen Chen
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultra-Precision Optical Manufacturing and School of Information, Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Longhui Lu
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yimin Ding
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Andrea Cusano
- Optoelectronic Division, Department of Engineering, University of Sannio, I-82100, Benevento, Italy
| | - Jonathan A Fan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Qiaomu Hu
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Kaiyuan Wang
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zhenwei Xie
- Nanophotonics Research Centre, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Technology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Zhoutian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanmu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Photonic Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Mali Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Photonic Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Qirong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Photonic Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
| | - Shulin Sun
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultra-Precision Optical Manufacturing and School of Information, Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Chengbei Road, Yiwu City, 322000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Minming Zhang
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China.
| | - Xiaocong Yuan
- Nanophotonics Research Centre, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Technology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Xingjie Ni
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
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24
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Lahmann NA, Müller-Werdan U, Kuntz S, Klingehöfer-Noe J, Jaenicke F, Strube-Lahmann S. Conception and evaluation of a washable multimodal smart textile. HEALTH AND TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12553-021-00619-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AbstractSmart textiles can support people with specific needs and diseases, such as diabetes or heart disease. Currently there are efforts to combine continuous mobile monitoring with other health-related conditions. On this basis, algorithms could be developed that can be used to detect unusual or critical conditions. A study was to investigate whether a previously developed washable Multi-Modal Smart Textile (MMST), based on inexpensive materials, would provide valid and reliable results with regard to the vital parameters of pulse, temperature and mobility. The measurement of the vital parameters was carried out with the developed prototype MMST as well as with validated devices. All electronics including the rechargeable NiMH has been washed more than 30 times with different methods and it remained fully functional. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for pulse (temperature) measurement ranged between 0.036 and 0.232 (0.077 and 0.817) depending on the activity of the tested individuals (standing, sitting, lying down, moving). Cohen’s Kappa for the detection of the body position was 0.765. For the parameter of pulse, the results indicated an insufficient derivation for both validity and reliability. Due to flaws in the methodology applied, the validly and reliably for the parameter of temperature could not be determined. Valid and reliable results were obtained for the parameter mobility/change of position. If the MMST (after modification of the prototype) achieves reliable results, there are many advantages for people giving and receiving care on a budget price, even in threatening emergency situations.
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Wunderlich H, Kozielski KL. Next generation material interfaces for neural engineering. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2021; 72:29-38. [PMID: 34601203 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Neural implant technology is rapidly progressing, and gaining broad interest in research fields such as electrical engineering, materials science, neurobiology, and data science. As the potential applications of neural devices have increased, new technologies to make neural intervention longer-lasting and less invasive have brought attention to neural interface engineering. This review will focus on recent developments in materials for neural implants, highlighting new technologies in the fields of soft electrodes, mechanical and chemical engineering of interface coatings, and remotely powered devices. In this context, novel implantation strategies, manufacturing methods, and combinatorial device functions will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Wunderlich
- Department of Bioengineering and Biosystems, Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Kristen L Kozielski
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
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26
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Richard I, Schyrr B, Aiassa S, Carrara S, Sorin F. All-in-Fiber Electrochemical Sensing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:43356-43363. [PMID: 34490779 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c11593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical sensors have found a wide range of applications in analytical chemistry thanks to the advent of high-throughput printing technologies. However, these techniques are usually limited to two-dimensional (2D) geometry with relatively large minimal feature sizes. Here, we report on the scalable fabrication of monolithically integrated electrochemical devices with novel and customizable fiber-based architectures. The multimaterial thermal drawing technique is employed to co-process polymer composites and metallic glass into uniform electroactive and pseudoreference electrodes embedded in an insulating polymer cladding fiber. To demonstrate the versatility of the process, we tailor the fiber microstructure to two configurations: a small-footprint fiber tip sensor and a high-surface-area capillary cell. We demonstrate the performance of our devices using cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry for the direct detection and quantification of paracetamol, a common anesthetic drug. Finally, we showcase a fully portable pipet-based analyzer using low-power electronics and an "electrochemical pipet tip" for direct sampling and analysis of microliter-range volumes. Our approach paves the way toward novel materials and architectures for efficient electrochemical sensing to be deployed in existing and novel personal care and surgical configurations.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Richard
- Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - B Schyrr
- Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - S Aiassa
- Integrated Systems Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - S Carrara
- Integrated Systems Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - F Sorin
- Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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27
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Emerging Applications of Optical Fiber-Based Devices for Brain Research. ADVANCED FIBER MATERIALS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42765-021-00092-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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28
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Sun P, Wu D, Liu C. High-sensitivity tactile sensor based on Ti 2C-PDMS sponge for wireless human-computer interaction. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:295506. [PMID: 33827054 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abf59e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Tremendous attention has been paid to high-performance flexible tactile sensors owing to their potential applications in bionic skin, wearable electronics, the Internet of Things, etc.However, the majority of pressure sensors require an intricately designed nanostructure requiring a high-cost complex manufacturing process. Therefore, the high-throughput and low-cost technology to produce high-sensitivity, flexible, pressure-sensitive materials with a large responding range is urgently needed. Herein, a novel flexible piezoresistive tactile sensor is fabricated based on the Ti2C-PDMS sponge as the conductive elastomer. The sensor exhibits a high sensitivity of 279 kPa-1in a wide pressure range (0-34.4 kPa). The response time is as fast as 0.45 s with excellent durability over 4,000 cycles. Moreover, a 16-pixel wireless sensor system is fabricated and a series of applications have been demonstrated, including real-time force perception and pressure morphology feedback, which promote the potential applications in the visualizing of pressure distribution, human-machine communication and wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoran Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Lab. of RF Circuits and Systems, College of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
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29
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Heo JS, Lee KW, Lee JH, Shin SB, Jo JW, Kim YH, Kim MG, Park SK. Highly-Sensitive Textile Pressure Sensors Enabled by Suspended-Type All Carbon Nanotube Fiber Transistor Architecture. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11121103. [PMID: 33327572 PMCID: PMC7765032 DOI: 10.3390/mi11121103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Among various wearable health-monitoring electronics, electronic textiles (e-textiles) have been considered as an appropriate alternative for a convenient self-diagnosis approach. However, for the realization of the wearable e-textiles capable of detecting subtle human physiological signals, the low-sensing performances still remain as a challenge. In this study, a fiber transistor-type ultra-sensitive pressure sensor (FTPS) with a new architecture that is thread-like suspended dry-spun carbon nanotube (CNT) fiber source (S)/drain (D) electrodes is proposed as the first proof of concept for the detection of very low-pressure stimuli. As a result, the pressure sensor shows an ultra-high sensitivity of ~3050 Pa−1 and a response/recovery time of 258/114 ms in the very low-pressure range of <300 Pa as the fiber transistor was operated in the linear region (VDS = −0.1 V). Also, it was observed that the pressure-sensing characteristics are highly dependent on the contact pressure between the top CNT fiber S/D electrodes and the single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) channel layer due to the air-gap made by the suspended S/D electrode fibers on the channel layers of fiber transistors. Furthermore, due to their remarkable sensitivity in the low-pressure range, an acoustic wave that has a very tiny pressure could be detected using the FTPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Sang Heo
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (J.S.H.); (Y.H.K.)
| | - Keon Woo Lee
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (K.W.L.); (J.H.L.); (S.B.S.)
| | - Jun Ho Lee
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (K.W.L.); (J.H.L.); (S.B.S.)
| | - Seung Beom Shin
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (K.W.L.); (J.H.L.); (S.B.S.)
| | - Jeong Wan Jo
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK;
| | - Yong Hoon Kim
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (J.S.H.); (Y.H.K.)
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Myung Gil Kim
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (J.S.H.); (Y.H.K.)
- Correspondence: (M.G.K.); (S.K.P.); Tel.: +82-10-3200-1812 (M.G.K.); +82-2-820-5347 (S.K.P.)
| | - Sung Kyu Park
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (K.W.L.); (J.H.L.); (S.B.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.G.K.); (S.K.P.); Tel.: +82-10-3200-1812 (M.G.K.); +82-2-820-5347 (S.K.P.)
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30
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Greer AL. Fine fibres with multifunctionality. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 15:1-2. [PMID: 32747739 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-020-0725-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Lindsay Greer
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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