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Carvalho LAD, Aguiar FC, Smalley KSM, Possik PA. Acral melanoma: new insights into the immune and genomic landscape. Neoplasia 2023; 46:100947. [PMID: 37913653 PMCID: PMC10637990 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2023.100947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Acral melanoma is a rare subtype of melanoma that arises on the non-hair bearing skin of the nail bed, palms of the hand and soles of the feet. It is unique among melanomas in not being linked to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure from the sun, and, as such, its incidence is similar across populations who are of Asian, Hispanic, African and European origin. Although research into acral melanoma has lagged behind that of sun-exposed cutaneous melanoma, recent studies have begun to address the unique genetics and immune features of acral melanoma. In this review we will discuss the latest progress in understanding the biology of acral melanoma across different ethnic populations and will outline how these new discoveries can help to guide the therapeutic management of this rare tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Flavia C Aguiar
- Division of Basic and Experimental Research, Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rua Andre Cavalcanti 37, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20231-050, Brazil
| | - Keiran S M Smalley
- Department of Tumor Biology, Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612 USA.
| | - Patricia A Possik
- Division of Basic and Experimental Research, Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rua Andre Cavalcanti 37, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20231-050, Brazil
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Possik PA. Obstacles and opportunities in studying melanoma in Latin America. NATURE CANCER 2023; 4:777-778. [PMID: 37193912 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-023-00560-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Possik
- Program of Immunology and Tumour Biology, Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Abstract
Health disparities are differences in health or disease incidence, prevalence, severity, or disease burden that are experienced by disadvantaged populations. Their root causes are attributed in large part to socially determined factors, including educational level of attainment, socioeconomic status, and physical and social environments. There is an expanding body of evidence documenting differences in dermatologic health status among underserved populations. In this review, the authors highlight inequities in outcomes across 5 dermatologic conditions, including psoriasis, acne, cutaneous melanoma, hidradenitis suppurativa, and atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stafford G Brown
- Eastern Virginia Medical School; William & Mary Raymond A. Mason School of Business
| | - Caryn B C Cobb
- Hampton University Skin of Color Research Institute; The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University
| | - Valerie M Harvey
- Hampton Roads Center for Dermatology, 860 Omni Boulevard, Suite 114, Newport News, VA 23606, USA.
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Vicente ALSA, Novoloaca A, Cahais V, Awada Z, Cuenin C, Spitz N, Carvalho AL, Evangelista AF, Crovador CS, Reis RM, Herceg Z, de Lima Vazquez V, Ghantous A. Cutaneous and acral melanoma cross-OMICs reveals prognostic cancer drivers associated with pathobiology and ultraviolet exposure. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4115. [PMID: 35840550 PMCID: PMC9287446 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31488-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet radiation (UV) is causally linked to cutaneous melanoma, yet the underlying epigenetic mechanisms, known as molecular sensors of exposure, have not been characterized in clinical biospecimens. Here, we integrate clinical, epigenome (DNA methylome), genome and transcriptome profiling of 112 cutaneous melanoma from two multi-ethnic cohorts. We identify UV-related alterations in regulatory regions and immunological pathways, with multi-OMICs cancer driver potential affecting patient survival. TAPBP, the top gene, is critically involved in immune function and encompasses several UV-altered methylation sites that were validated by targeted sequencing, providing cost-effective opportunities for clinical application. The DNA methylome also reveals non UV-related aberrations underlying pathological differences between the cutaneous and 17 acral melanomas. Unsupervised epigenomic mapping demonstrated that non UV-mutant cutaneous melanoma more closely resembles acral rather than UV-exposed cutaneous melanoma, with the latter showing better patient prognosis than the other two forms. These gene-environment interactions reveal translationally impactful mechanisms in melanomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Luiza Silva Almeida Vicente
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil.
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France.
| | - Alexei Novoloaca
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Vincent Cahais
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Zainab Awada
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Cyrille Cuenin
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Natália Spitz
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - André Lopes Carvalho
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
- Early Detection Prevention and Infections Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | | | - Camila Souza Crovador
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rui Manuel Reis
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), Medical School, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Zdenko Herceg
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Vinicius de Lima Vazquez
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Surgery-Melanoma and Sarcoma, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Akram Ghantous
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France.
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