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Shugao H, Yinhang W, Jing Z, Zhanbo Q, Miao D. Action of m6A-related gene signatures on the prognosis and immune microenvironment of colonic adenocarcinoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31441. [PMID: 38845921 PMCID: PMC11153101 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification in human tumor cells exerts considerable influence on crucial processes like tumorigenesis, invasion, metastasis, and immune response. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the impact of m6A-related genes on the prognosis and immune microenvironment (IME) of colonic adenocarcinoma (COAD). Public data sources, predictive algorithms identified m6A-related genes and differential gene expression in COAD. Subtype analysis and assessment of immune cell infiltration patterns were performed using consensus clustering and the CIBERSORT algorithm. The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression analysis determined gene signatures. Independent prognostic factors were identified using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models. The findings indicate that 206 prognostic m6A-related DEGs contribute to the m6A regulatory network along with 8 m6A enzymes. Based on the expression levels of these genes, 438 COAD samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were classified into 3 distinct subtypes, showing marked differences in survival prognosis, clinical characteristics, and immune cell infiltration profiles. Subtype 3 and 2 displayed reduced levels of infiltrating regulatory T cells and M0 macrophages, respectively. A six-gene signature, encompassing KLC3, SLC6A15, AQP7 JMJD7, HOXC6, and CLDN9, was identified and incorporated into a prognostic model. Validation across TCGA and GSE39582 datasets exhibited robust predictive specificity and sensitivity in determining the survival status of COAD patients. Additionally, independent prognostic factors were recognized, and a nomogram model was developed as a prognostic predictor for COAD. In conclusion, the six target genes governed by m6A mechanisms offer substantial potential in predicting COAD outcomes and provide insights into the unique IME profiles associated with various COAD subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Shugao
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wu Yinhang
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Huzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer of Huzhou, Huzhou, China
| | - Zhuang Jing
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Huzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer of Huzhou, Huzhou, China
| | - Qu Zhanbo
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Huzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer of Huzhou, Huzhou, China
| | - Da Miao
- Huzhou Third Municipal Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
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Hou C, Liu J, Liu J, Yao D, Liang F, Qin C, Ma Z. METTL3-induced circ_0008345 contributes to the progression of colorectal cancer via the microRNA-182-5p/CYP1A2 pathway. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:728. [PMID: 38877514 PMCID: PMC11177402 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12474-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNA (circRNAs) have been found to play major roles in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the functions of circ_0008345 (transcribed by PTK2) in regulating CRC development remain undefined. In this study, we aimed to explore the roles and underlying mechanisms of circ_0008345 in CRC. METHODS RNase R-treated total cellular RNA was used to verify the circular structure of circ_0008345, and a subcellular fractionation assay was performed to detect the subcellular localization of circ_0008345. RNA pull-down and dual-luciferase assays were used to verify the binding relation between microRNA (miR)-182-5p and circ_0008345 and/or CYP1A2. Colony formation assay, EdU, and Transwell assays were performed to detect the biological behavior of CRC cells in vitro, and CRC cells were injected into mice to observe the tumor formation. m6A immunoprecipitation was used to detect the m6A modification of circ_0008345 in CRC cells. RESULTS Circ_0008345, upregulated in CRC tissues and cells, was mainly present in the cytoplasm. Circ_0008345 bound to miR-182-5p, and miR-182-5p targeted CYP1A2, an oncogene in CRC. The colony formation, mobility, EdU-positive cell rate in vitro, and tumor growth in mice were inhibited after the knockdown of circ_0008345. However, the suppressing effects of sh-circ_0008345 on CRC and CYP1A2 expression were significantly reversed after further knockdown of miR-182-5p. METTL3 was the m6A modifier mediating circ_0008345 expression, and the suppression of METTL3 reduced the expression of circ_0008345. CONCLUSIONS METTL3-dependent m6A methylation upregulated circ_0008345, which blocked the inhibitory effect of miR-182-5p on CYP1A2, thereby exacerbating the malignant phenotype of CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofeng Hou
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, No. 195, Tongbai North Road, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, P.R. China
| | - Jinbo Liu
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P.R. China
| | - Junwei Liu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, No. 195, Tongbai North Road, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, P.R. China
| | - Danjie Yao
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, No. 195, Tongbai North Road, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, P.R. China
| | - Fang Liang
- Department of Oncology Rehabilitation, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, P.R. China
| | - Congpeng Qin
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, No. 195, Tongbai North Road, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyong Ma
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, No. 195, Tongbai North Road, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, P.R. China.
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Huang J, Liu J, Lan J, Sun J, Zhou K, Deng Y, Liang L, Liu L, Liu X. Guanine-Rich RNA Sequence Binding Factor 1 Deficiency Promotes Colorectal Cancer Progression by Regulating PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2024; 16:629-638. [PMID: 38881789 PMCID: PMC11179673 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s451066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Guanine-rich RNA sequence binding factor 1 (GRSF1), part of the RNA-binding protein family, is now attracting interest due to its potential association with the progression of a variety of human cancers. The precise contribution and molecular mechanism of GRSF1 to colorectal cancer (CRC) progression, however, have yet to be clarified. Methods Immunohistochemistry and Western Blot analysis was carried out to detect the expression of GRSF1 in CRC at both mRNA and protein levels and its subsequent effects on prognosis. A series of functional tests were performed to understand its influence on proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells. Results The universal downregulation of GRSF1 in CRC was identified, indicating a correlation with poor prognosis. Our functional studies unveiled that the elimination of GRSF1 enhances tumour activities such as proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells, while GRSF1 overexpression curtailed these abilities. Conclusion Notably, we uncovered that GRSF1 insufficiency modulates the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and Ras activation in CRC. Therefore, our data suggest GRSF1 operates as a tumor suppressor gene in CRC and may offer promise as a potential biomarker and novel therapeutic target in CRC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhan Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Lan
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingbo Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunyao Deng
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Liang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixin Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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4
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Zhang LL, Zhong CB, Huang TJ, Zhang LM, Yan F, Ying YL. High-throughput single biomarker identification using droplet nanopore. Chem Sci 2024; 15:8355-8362. [PMID: 38846401 PMCID: PMC11151865 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06795e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers are present in various metabolism processes, demanding precise and meticulous analysis at the single-molecule level for accurate clinical diagnosis. Given the need for high sensitivity, biological nanopore have been applied for single biomarker sensing. However, the detection of low-volume biomarkers poses challenges due to their low concentrations in dilute buffer solutions, as well as difficulty in parallel detection. Here, a droplet nanopore technique is developed for low-volume and high-throughput single biomarker detection at the sub-microliter scale, which shows a 2000-fold volume reduction compared to conventional setups. To prove the concept, this nanopore sensing platform not only enables multichannel recording but also significantly lowers the detection limit for various types of biomarkers such as angiotensin II, to 42 pg. This advancement enables direct biomarker detection at the picogram level. Such a leap forward in detection capability positions this nanopore sensing platform as a promising candidate for point-of-care testing of biomarker at single-molecule level, while substantially minimizing the need for sample dilution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Lin Zhang
- Molecular Sensing and Imaging Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Bing Zhong
- Molecular Sensing and Imaging Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Ting-Jing Huang
- Molecular Sensing and Imaging Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Li-Min Zhang
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Feng Yan
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Yi-Lun Ying
- Molecular Sensing and Imaging Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
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5
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Wang Y, Chen Y, Zhao M. N6-methyladenosine modification and post-translational modification of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:209. [PMID: 38834851 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01048-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Traditionally, colorectal cancer has been recognized as a disease caused by genetic mutations. However, recent studies have revealed the significant role of epigenetic alterations in the progression of colorectal cancer. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition, a critical step in cancer cell metastasis, has been found to be closely associated with the tumor microenvironment and immune factors, thereby playing a crucial role in many kinds of biological behaviors of cancers. In this review, we explored the impact of N6-methyladenosine and post-translational modifications (like methylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, glycosylation, etc.) on the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer and the epigenetic regulation for the transcription factors and pathways correlated to epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Furthermore, we emphasized that the complex regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition by epigenetics can provide new strategies for overcoming drug resistance and improving treatment outcomes. This review aims to provide important scientific evidence for the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer based on epigenetic modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingnan Wang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Yufan Chen
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhao
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
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Sievänen T, Jokela T, Hyvärinen M, Korhonen TM, Pylvänäinen K, Mecklin JP, Karvanen J, Sillanpää E, Seppälä TT, Laakkonen EK. Circulating miRNA Signature Predicts Cancer Incidence in Lynch Syndrome-A Pilot Study. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2024; 17:243-254. [PMID: 38551987 PMCID: PMC11148538 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-23-0368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Lynch syndrome (LS) is the most common autosomal dominant cancer syndrome and is characterized by high genetic cancer risk modified by lifestyle factors. This study explored whether a circulating miRNA (c-miR) signature predicts LS cancer incidence within a 4-year prospective surveillance period. To gain insight how lifestyle behavior could affect LS cancer risk, we investigated whether the cancer-predicting c-miR signature correlates with known risk-reducing factors such as physical activity, body mass index (BMI), dietary fiber, or NSAID usage. The study included 110 c-miR samples from LS carriers, 18 of whom were diagnosed with cancer during a 4-year prospective surveillance period. Lasso regression was utilized to find c-miRs associated with cancer risk. Individual risk sum derived from the chosen c-miRs was used to develop a model to predict LS cancer incidence. This model was validated using 5-fold cross-validation. Correlation and pathway analyses were applied to inspect biological functions of c-miRs. Pearson correlation was used to examine the associations of c-miR risk sum and lifestyle factors. hsa-miR-10b-5p, hsa-miR-125b-5p, hsa-miR-200a-3p, hsa-miR-3613-5p, and hsa-miR-3615 were identified as cancer predictors by Lasso, and their risk sum score associated with higher likelihood of cancer incidence (HR 2.72, 95% confidence interval: 1.64-4.52, C-index = 0.72). In cross-validation, the model indicated good concordance with the average C-index of 0.75 (0.6-1.0). Coregulated hsa-miR-10b-5p, hsa-miR-125b-5p, and hsa-miR-200a-3p targeted genes involved in cancer-associated biological pathways. The c-miR risk sum score correlated with BMI (r = 0.23, P < 0.01). In summary, BMI-associated c-miRs predict LS cancer incidence within 4 years, although further validation is required. PREVENTION RELEVANCE The development of cancer risk prediction models is key to improving the survival of patients with LS. This pilot study describes a serum miRNA signature-based risk prediction model that predicts LS cancer incidence within 4 years, although further validation is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tero Sievänen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tiina Jokela
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Matti Hyvärinen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tia-Marje Korhonen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Kirsi Pylvänäinen
- The wellbeing services county of Central Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jukka-Pekka Mecklin
- The wellbeing services county of Central Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Juha Karvanen
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Elina Sillanpää
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- The wellbeing services county of Central Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Toni T Seppälä
- Applied Tumor Genomics Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Gastroenterology and Alimentary Tract Surgery and TAYS Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Eija K Laakkonen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Li J, Jiang Z, He J, Yang K, Chen J, Deng Q, Li X, Wu F, Xu S, Jiang Z. Effect of CHRDL1 on angiogenesis and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells via TGF-β/VEGF pathway. Mol Carcinog 2024; 63:1092-1105. [PMID: 38415870 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common digestive tract tumor with the third incidence and death in the world. There is still an urgent need for effective therapeutic targets and prognostic markers for CRC. Herein, we report a novel potential target and marker, Chordin like-1 (CHRDL1). The function of CHRDL1 has been reported in gastric cancer, breast cancer, and oral squamous cell carcinoma. However, the biological effect of CHRDL1 in CRC remains unrevealed. Transwell and tube formation experiments were used to determine the biological function of CHRDL1. Western blot and rescue experiments were used to determine the specific mechanisms of CHRDL1. Results showed CHRDL1 is significantly downregulated in CRC cell lines and tissues. In vitro, experiments confirmed that CHRDL1 can inhibit cell growth, migration, invasion, angiogenesis and reverse epithelial-mesenchymal transformation. In vivo, experiments proved that it can inhibit tumor growth and metastasis. Mechanistically, we newly find that CHRDL1 exerts biological functions through the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)/vascular endothelial growth factor signaling axis in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, we concluded that CHRDL1 reduces the growth, migration, and angiogenesis of CRC cells by downregulating TGF-β signaling. Our new findings on CHRDL1 may provide a basis for clinical antiangiogenesis therapy and the prognosis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhongxiang Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qianxi Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoqing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuman Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Abedizadeh R, Majidi F, Khorasani HR, Abedi H, Sabour D. Colorectal cancer: a comprehensive review of carcinogenesis, diagnosis, and novel strategies for classified treatments. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:729-753. [PMID: 38112903 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10158-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third most common and the second deadliest cancer worldwide. To date, colorectal cancer becomes one of the most important challenges of the health system in many countries. Since the clinical symptoms of this cancer appear in the final stages of the disease and there is a significant golden time between the formation of polyps and the onset of cancer, early diagnosis can play a significant role in reducing mortality. Today, in addition to colonoscopy, minimally invasive methods such as liquid biopsy have received much attention. The treatment of this complex disease has been mostly based on traditional treatments including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy; the high mortality rate indicates a lack of success for current treatment methods. Moreover, disease recurrence is another problem of traditional treatments. Recently, new approaches such as targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and nanomedicine have opened new doors for cancer treatment, some of which have already entered the market, and many methods have shown promising results in clinical trials. The success of immunotherapy in the treatment of refractory disease, the introduction of these methods into neoadjuvant therapy, and the successful results in tumor shrinkage without surgery have made immunotherapy a tough competitor for conventional treatments. It seems that the combination of those methods with such targeted therapies will go through promising changes in the future of colorectal cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Abedizadeh
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Isar 11, Babol, 47138-18983, Iran
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Bani-Hashem Square, Tehran, 16635-148, Iran
| | - Fateme Majidi
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Isar 11, Babol, 47138-18983, Iran
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Bani-Hashem Square, Tehran, 16635-148, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Khorasani
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Isar 11, Babol, 47138-18983, Iran
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Bani-Hashem Square, Tehran, 16635-148, Iran
| | - Hassan Abedi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| | - Davood Sabour
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Isar 11, Babol, 47138-18983, Iran.
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Bani-Hashem Square, Tehran, 16635-148, Iran.
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Guan X, Liu R, Wang B, Xiong R, Cui L, Liao Y, Ruan Y, Fang L, Lu X, Yu X, Su D, Ma Y, Dang T, Chen Z, Yao Y, Liu C, Zhang Y. Inhibition of HDAC2 sensitises antitumour therapy by promoting NLRP3/GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis in colorectal cancer. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1692. [PMID: 38804602 PMCID: PMC11131357 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although numerous studies have indicated that activated pyroptosis can enhance the efficacy of antitumour therapy in several tumours, the precise mechanism of pyroptosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. METHODS Pyroptosis in CRC cells treated with antitumour agents was assessed using various techniques, including Western blotting, lactate dehydrogenase release assay and microscopy analysis. To uncover the epigenetic mechanisms that regulate NLRP3, chromatin changes and NLRP3 promoter histone modifications were assessed using Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin using sequencing and RNA sequencing. Chromatin immunoprecipitation‒quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to investigate the NLRP3 transcriptional regulatory mechanism. Additionally, xenograft and patient-derived xenograft models were constructed to validate the effects of the drug combinations. RESULTS As the core molecule of the inflammasome, NLRP3 expression was silenced in CRC, thereby limiting gasdermin D (GSDMD)-mediated pyroptosis. Supplementation with NLRP3 can rescue pyroptosis induced by antitumour therapy. Overexpression of HDAC2 in CRC silences NLRP3 via epigenetic regulation. Mechanistically, HDAC2 suppressed chromatin accessibility by eliminating H3K27 acetylation. HDAC2 knockout promotes H3K27ac-mediated recruitment of the BRD4-p-P65 complex to enhance NLRP3 transcription. Inhibiting HDAC2 by Santacruzamate A in combination with classic antitumour agents (5-fluorouracil or regorafenib) in CRC xenograft-bearing animals markedly activated pyroptosis and achieved a significant therapeutic effect. Clinically, HDAC2 is inversely correlated with H3K27ac/p-P65/NLRP3 and is a prognostic factor for CRC patients. CONCLUSION Collectively, our data revealed a crucial role for HDAC2 in inhibiting NLRP3/GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis in CRC cells and highlighted HDAC2 as a potential therapeutic target for antitumour therapy. HIGHLIGHTS Silencing of NLRP3 limits the GSDMD-dependent pyroptosis in colorectal cancer. HDAC2-mediated histone deacetylation leads to epigenetic silencing of NLRP3. HDAC2 suppresses the NLRP3 transcription by inhibiting the formation of H3K27ac/BRD4/p-P65 complex. Targeting HDAC2 activates pyroptosis and enhances therapeutic effect.
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Ma S, Yao H, Si X, Huang Z, Wang R, Wan R, Tang Z, Wang G, Song W. Orally available dextran-aspirin nanomedicine modulates gut inflammation and microbiota homeostasis for primary colorectal cancer therapy. J Control Release 2024; 370:528-542. [PMID: 38705520 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Reversing the aggravated immunosuppression hence overgrowth of colorectal cancer (CRC) caused by the gut inflammation and microbiota dysbiosis is pivotal for effective CRC therapy and metastasis inhibition. However, the low delivery efficiency and severe dose-limiting off-target toxicities caused by unsatisfied drug delivery systems remain the major obstacles in precisely modulating gut inflammation and microbiota in CRC therapy. Herein, a multifunctional oral dextran-aspirin nanomedicine (P3C-Asp) was utilized for oral treatment of primary CRC, as it could release salicylic acid (SA) while scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and held great potential in modulating gut microbiota with prebiotic (dextran). Oral P3C-Asp retained in CRC tissues for over 12 h and significantly increased SA accumulation in CRC tissues over free aspirin (10.8-fold at 24 h). The enhanced SA accumulation and ROS scavenging of P3C-Asp cooperatively induced more potent inflammation relief over free aspirin, characterized as lower level of cyclooxygenase-2 and immunosuppressive cytokines. Remarkably, P3C-Asp promoted the microbiota homeostasis and notably increased the relative abundance of strengthening systemic anti-cancer immune response associated microbiota, especially lactobacillus and Akkermansia to 6.66- and 103- fold over the control group. Additionally, a demonstrable reduction in pathogens associated microbiota (among 96% to 79%) including Bacteroides could be detected. In line with our findings, inflammation relief along with enhanced abundance of lactobacillus was positively correlated with CRC inhibition. In primary CRC model, P3C-Asp achieved 2.1-fold tumor suppression rate over free aspirin, with an overall tumor suppression rate of 85%. Moreover, P3C-Asp cooperated with αPD-L1 further reduced the tumor weight of each mouse and extended the median survival of mice by 29 days over αPD-L1 alone. This study unravels the synergistic effect of gut inflammation and microbiota modulation in primary CRC treatment, and unlocks an unconventional route for immune regulation in TME with oral nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China; Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Haochen Yao
- Department of Pathogenobiology, The Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xinghui Si
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China; Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Zichao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China; School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Ruoyi Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Renming Wan
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China; School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Zhaohui Tang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China; Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, China; School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Guoqing Wang
- Department of Pathogenobiology, The Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Wantong Song
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China; Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, China; School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
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11
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Zhai P, Zhang H, Li Q, Hu Z, Zhang H, Yang M, Xing C, Guo Y. SETBP1 activation upon MDM4-enhanced ubiquitination of NR3C1 triggers dissemination of colorectal cancer cells. Clin Exp Metastasis 2024:10.1007/s10585-024-10294-2. [PMID: 38796806 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-024-10294-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) presents a growing concern globally, marked by its escalating incidence and mortality rates, thus imposing a substantial health burden. This investigation delves into the role of nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1 (NR3C1) in CRC metastasis and explores the associated mechanism. Through a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis, NR3C1 emerged as a gene with diminished expression levels in CRC. This finding was corroborated by observations of a low-expression pattern of NR3C1 in both CRC tissues and cells. Furthermore, experiments involving NR3C1 knockdown revealed an exacerbation of proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells in vitro. Subsequent assessments in mouse xenograft tumor models, established by injecting human HCT116 cells either through the tail vein or at the cecum termini, demonstrated a reduction in tumor metastasis to the lung and liver, respectively, upon NR3C1 knockdown. Functionally, NR3C1 (glucocorticoid receptor) suppressed SET binding protein 1 (SETBP1) transcription by binding to its promoter region. Notably, mouse double minute 4 (MDM4) was identified as an upstream regulator of NR3C1, orchestrating its downregulation via ubiquitination-dependent proteasomal degradation. Further investigations unveiled that SETBP1 knockdown suppressed migration and invasion, and epithelial to mesenchymal transition of CRC cells, consequently impeding in vivo metastasis in murine models. Conversely, upregulation of MDM4 exacerbated the metastatic phenotype of CRC cells, a propensity mitigated upon additional upregulation of NR3C1. In summary, this study elucidates a cascade wherein MDM4-mediated ubiquitination of NR3C1 enables the transcriptional activation of SETBP1, thereby propelling the dissemination of CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhai
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 1055, Sanxiang Road, Gusu District, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, Fifth People's Hospital of Huai'an City, Huai'an, 223300, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Lishui District People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211200, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 1055, Sanxiang Road, Gusu District, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gerneral Surgery, The Second Afilliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhifeng Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Fifth People's Hospital of Huai'an City, Huai'an, 223300, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaguo Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Fifth People's Hospital of Huai'an City, Huai'an, 223300, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Fifth People's Hospital of Huai'an City, Huai'an, 223300, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chungen Xing
- Department of General Surgery, Fifth People's Hospital of Huai'an City, Huai'an, 223300, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yunhu Guo
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 1055, Sanxiang Road, Gusu District, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Song Q, Xu H, Wu H, Dong J, Ji S, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Hu W. Pseudogene CSPG4P12 inhibits colorectal cancer progression by attenuating epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Braz J Med Biol Res 2024; 57:e13645. [PMID: 38808892 PMCID: PMC11136487 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2024e13645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant cancers. Pseudogenes have been identified as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes in the development of various cancers. However, the function of pseudogene CSPG4P12 in colorectal cancer remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential role of CSPG4P12 in colorectal cancer and explore the possible underlying mechanism. The difference of CSPG4P12 expression between colorectal cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues was analyzed using the online Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 (GEPIA2) database. Cell viability and colony formation assays were conducted to evaluate cell viability. Transwell and wound healing assays were performed to assess cell migration and invasion capacities. Western blot was used to measure the expression levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related proteins. Colorectal cancer tissues had lower CSPG4P12 expression than adjacent normal tissues. The overexpression of CSPG4P12 inhibited cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in colorectal cancer cells. Overexpressed CSPG4P12 promoted the expression of E-cadherin, whereas it inhibited the expression of vimentin, N-cadherin, and MMP9. These findings suggested that CSPG4P12 inhibits colorectal cancer development and may serve as a new potential target for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinqin Song
- Department of Oncology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Affiliated Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Tangshan, China
| | - Hongxue Xu
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Hongjiao Wu
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Affiliated Tangshan Gongren Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Shanshan Ji
- Affiliated Tangshan Gongren Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- College of Life Science, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Affiliated Tangshan Gongren Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Wanning Hu
- Department of Oncology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Affiliated Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Tangshan, China
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13
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Pakrashy S, Chakraborty S, Manna S, Nanda Goswami J, Bhattacharya B, Emmerling F, Mandal J, Misra S, Maiti Choudhury S, Okla MK, Bose A, Maurya PK, Majhi A, Dolai M. Inhibition of Human Colorectal Cancer by a Natural Product 7-Acetylhorminone and Interactions with BSA/HSA: Multispectral Analysis and In Silico and In Vitro Studies. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:3414-3430. [PMID: 38687465 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
We have semi-synthesized a natural product 7-acetylhorminone from crude extract of Premna obtusifolia (Indian headache tree), which is active against colorectal cancer after probation through computational screening methods as it passed through the set parameters of pharmacokinetics (most important nonblood-brain barrier permeant) and drug likeliness (e.g., Lipinski's, Ghose's, Veber's rule) which most other phytoconstituents failed to pass combined with docking with EGFR protein which is highly upregulated in the colorectal carcinoma cell. The structure of 7-acetylhorminone was confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies and 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and COSY studies. To validate the theoretical studies, first, in vitro experiments were carried out against human colorectal carcinoma cell lines (HCT116) which revealed the potent cytotoxic efficacy of 7-acetylhorminone and verified preliminary investigation. Second, the drugability of 7-acetylhorminone interaction with serum albumin proteins (HSA and BSA) is evaluated both theoretically and experimentally via steady-state fluorescence spectroscopic studies, circular dichroism, isothermal titration calorimetry, and molecular docking. In summary, this study reveals the applicability of 7-acetylhorminone as a potent drug candidate or as a combinatorial drug against colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Pakrashy
- Department of Chemistry, Prabhat Kumar College, Purba Medinipur 721404, W.B., India
- Department of Chemistry, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata 700 073, India
| | - Souvik Chakraborty
- Department of Physiology, Bhairab Ganguly College, 2, Feeder Rd., Beehive Garden, Belghoria, Kolkata, West Bengal 700056, India
| | - Sounik Manna
- Biochemistry, Molecular Endocrinology, and Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Department of Human Physiology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, W.B. 721102, India
| | - Juli Nanda Goswami
- Department of Chemistry, Prabhat Kumar College, Purba Medinipur 721404, W.B., India
| | - Biswajit Bhattacharya
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziska Emmerling
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jishu Mandal
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Sourav Misra
- Department of Chemistry, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata 700 073, India
| | - Sujata Maiti Choudhury
- Biochemistry, Molecular Endocrinology, and Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Department of Human Physiology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, W.B. 721102, India
| | - Mohammad K Okla
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adity Bose
- Department of Chemistry, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata 700 073, India
| | - Pawan Kumar Maurya
- Division of Non-Communicable Diseases, Centre for Ageing and Mental Health, Indian Council of Medical Research, Kolkata 700091, India
| | - Anjoy Majhi
- Department of Chemistry, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata 700 073, India
| | - Malay Dolai
- Department of Chemistry, Prabhat Kumar College, Purba Medinipur 721404, W.B., India
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14
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Yin Y, Yang S, Huang Z, Yang Z, Zhang C, He Y. RNA methylation-related genes INHBB and SOWAHA are associated with MSI status in colorectal cancer patients and may serve as prognostic markers for predicting immunotherapy efficacy. Carcinogenesis 2024; 45:337-350. [PMID: 38400766 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgae004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of RNA methylation is vital in the advancement and spread of tumors. However, its exact role in microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer (CRC) is still not fully understood. To address this gap in knowledge, this study investigated the impact of genes associated with RNA methylation on the prognosis and response to immunotherapy in individuals diagnosed with low microsatellite instability (MSI-L) or microsatellite stable (MSS) CRC. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in two groups of patients: those with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) and those with MSI-L/MSS was thoroughly investigated and compared with aims of exploring the association between them and the 60 RNA methylation regulators. We employed these genes and developed an MSI-RMscore to establish a risk signature capable of forecasting patient outcomes. Furthermore, an investigation of the immunophenotypic traits was conducted encompassing patients categorized as high-risk and low-risk. By combining the MSI-RMscore and clinicopathological features, a predictive nomogram was developed, which was subsequently validated using the GEO database. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry was employed to establish the correlation between INHBB and SOWAHA and the MSI status, as well as patient prognosis. Our findings indicated that the high-risk subgroup exhibited unfavorable overall survival rates, reduced responsiveness to immune checkpoint blockers, elevated estimate scores, and increased infiltration of macrophages and fibroblasts. We also confirmed that INHBB and SOWAHA were associated with CRC patient prognosis and MSI status, as well as immunotherapy response. These findings suggest that targeting INHBB and SOWAHA could be a promising strategy to enhance patient responsiveness to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehan Yin
- Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shangjiu Yang
- Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhijian Huang
- Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Pathology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zheng Yang
- Department of Pathology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Changhua Zhang
- Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yulong He
- Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
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15
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Chen W, Mao W, Yin Y, Ma Z, Song M, Ma Z, Li T, Zhu J, Liu C, Yu H, Tang S, Shen W. Endogenous H 2S-activated Ag nanoparticles embedded in programmed DNA-cubes for specific visualization of colorectal cancer cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:4918-4921. [PMID: 38628069 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00085d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
To avoid the unexpected aggregation and reduce the cytotoxicity of nanomaterials as optical probes in cell imaging applications, we propose a programmed DNA-cube as a carrier for silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) to construct a specific hydrogen sulfide (H2S) responsive platform (Ag NP@DNA-cube) for diagnosing colorectal cancer (CRC) in this study. The DNA-cube maintains good dispersion of Ag NPs while providing excellent biocompatibility. Based on the characteristic overexpression of endogenous H2S in CRC cells, the Ag NPs are etched by H2S within target cells into silver sulfide quantum dots, thereby selectively illuminating the target cells. The Ag NP@DNA-cube exhibits a specific fluorescence response to CRC cells and achieves satisfactory imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Chen
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Mao
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.
- Central-Southern Safety & Environmental Technology Institute Co. Ltd., Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yuqi Yin
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.
| | - Ziyu Ma
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.
| | - Meiqi Song
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.
| | - Zixiao Ma
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.
| | - Tingting Li
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.
| | - Jia Zhu
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Hui Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 438, Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Tang
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wei Shen
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.
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16
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Ogurchenok NE, Khalin KD, Bryukhovetskiy IS. Chemoprophylaxis of precancerous lesions in patients who are at a high risk of developing colorectal cancer (Review). MEDICINE INTERNATIONAL 2024; 4:25. [PMID: 38628384 PMCID: PMC11019464 DOI: 10.3892/mi.2024.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The diagnostics of colorectal cancer (CRC) and precancerous lesions in the colon is one of the most urgent matters to be considered for the modern protocols of complex examination, recommended for use from the age of 45 years, and including both instrumental and laboratory methods of research: Colonoscopy, CT colonography, flexible sigmoidoscopy, fecal occult blood test, fecal immunohistochemistry test and stool DNA test Nevertheless, the removal of those precancerous lesions does not solve the issue, and, apart from the regular endoscopic monitoring of patients who are at a high risk of developing CRC, the pharmacological treatment of certain key pathogenic mechanisms leading to the development of CRC is required. The present review to discusses the function of β-catenin in the transformation of precancerous colorectal lesions into CRC, when collaborating with PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and other mechanisms. The existing methods for the early diagnostics and prevention of discovered anomalies are described and categorized. The analysis of the approaches to chemoprophylaxis of CRC, depending on the results of endoscopic, morphological and molecular-genetic tests, is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nonna E. Ogurchenok
- Far Eastern Federal University, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, FEFU Medical Center, Russky Island, 690091 Vladivostok, Russian Federation
- Primorskiy Regional Clinical Hospital N1, Medical Center, Russky Island, 690091 Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin D. Khalin
- Far Eastern Federal University, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, FEFU Medical Center, Russky Island, 690091 Vladivostok, Russian Federation
- Far Eastern Federal University, Medical Center, Russky Island, 690091 Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Igor S. Bryukhovetskiy
- Far Eastern Federal University, Medical Center, Russky Island, 690091 Vladivostok, Russian Federation
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17
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Guo DZ, Huang A, Wang YC, Zhou S, Wang H, Xing XL, Zhang SY, Cheng JW, Xie KH, Yang QC, Ma CC, Li Q, Chen Y, Su ZX, Fan J, Liu R, Liu XL, Zhou J, Yang XR. Early detection and prognosis evaluation for hepatocellular carcinoma by circulating tumour DNA methylation: A multicentre cohort study. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1652. [PMID: 38741204 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can significantly improve patient survival. We aimed to develop a blood-based assay to aid in the diagnosis, detection and prognostic evaluation of HCC. METHODS A three-phase multicentre study was conducted to screen, optimise and validate HCC-specific differentially methylated regions (DMRs) using next-generation sequencing and quantitative methylation-specific PCR (qMSP). RESULTS Genome-wide methylation profiling was conducted to identify DMRs distinguishing HCC tumours from peritumoural tissues and healthy plasmas. The twenty most effective DMRs were verified and incorporated into a multilocus qMSP assay (HepaAiQ). The HepaAiQ model was trained to separate 293 HCC patients (Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage 0/A, 224) from 266 controls including chronic hepatitis B (CHB) or liver cirrhosis (LC) (CHB/LC, 96), benign hepatic lesions (BHL, 23), and healthy controls (HC, 147). The model achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.944 with a sensitivity of 86.0% in HCC and a specificity of 92.1% in controls. Blind validation of the HepaAiQ model in a cohort of 523 participants resulted in an AUC of 0.940 with a sensitivity of 84.4% in 205 HCC cases (BCLC stage 0/A, 167) and a specificity of 90.3% in 318 controls (CHB/LC, 100; BHL, 102; HC, 116). When evaluated in an independent test set, the HepaAiQ model exhibited a sensitivity of 70.8% in 65 HCC patients at BCLC stage 0/A and a specificity of 89.5% in 124 patients with CHB/LC. Moreover, HepaAiQ model was assessed in paired pre- and postoperative plasma samples from 103 HCC patients and correlated with 2-year patient outcomes. Patients with high postoperative HepaAiQ score showed a higher recurrence risk (Hazard ratio, 3.33, p < .001). CONCLUSIONS HepaAiQ, a noninvasive qMSP assay, was developed to accurately measure HCC-specific DMRs and shows great potential for the diagnosis, detection and prognosis of HCC, benefiting at-risk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Zhen Guo
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Ao Huang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Chao Wang
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | | | - Hui Wang
- Singlera Genomics Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang-Lei Xing
- Biliary Tract Surgery Department IV, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi-Yu Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Wen Cheng
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | - Qing Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Chen
- XiangYa Medical Laboratory, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhi-Xi Su
- Singlera Genomics Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Singlera Genomics Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Long Liu
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Rong Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
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18
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Flory A, Wilson-Robles H. Noninvasive Blood-Based Cancer Detection in Veterinary Medicine. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2024; 54:541-558. [PMID: 38195361 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
The past decade has seen incredible advances in blood-based cancer detection in people and in dogs - yet this represents only a glimpse of the benefits these tests can provide to patients. The clinical uses of this technology range from screening asymptomatic individuals for early detection to use as an aid in diagnosis when cancer is suspected, to cancer monitoring both during and after treatment. This article summarizes the benefits of early cancer detection and examines use cases and methods of blood-based cancer detection in dogs, including quantitative, qualitative, and alternative approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andi Flory
- PetDx, 9310 Athena Circle, Suite 230, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Heather Wilson-Robles
- Volition Veterinary Diagnostics Development, LLC 1489 West Warm Springs Road Suite 110, Henderson, NV 89014, USA; Ethos Discovery, 10435 Sorrento Valley Road, San Diego, CA 92121, USA; The Oncology Service, United Veterinary Health, 6651 Backlick Road, Springfield, VA 22150, USA
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19
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Yu R, Wu X, Qian F, Yang Q. RFC3 drives the proliferation, migration, invasion and angiogenesis of colorectal cancer cells by binding KIF14. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:222. [PMID: 38590579 PMCID: PMC11000453 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a deadly and aggressive type of cancer that has a high fatality rate. The expression levels of replication factor C subunit 3 (RFC3) and kinesin family member 14 (KIF14) have been reported to be increased in CRC. The current study aimed to explore the effects of RFC3 on the malignant behaviors of CRC cells and its possible underlying mechanism involving KIF14. RFC3 and KIF14 expression levels in CRC tissues were analyzed using TNMplot database and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis database bioinformatics tools. RFC3 and KIF14 levels in CRC cells were examined using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting. Cell Counting Kit-8 and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine assays were performed to assess cell proliferation. Cell apoptosis was determined using flow cytometric analysis. Wound healing and Transwell assays were adopted for the evaluation of cell migration and invasion. Tube formation assay in human umbilical vein endothelial cells was used to measure angiogenesis. Western blotting analysis was performed to determine the expression of apoptosis-, migration- and angiogenesis-associated proteins. Additionally, bioinformatics tools predicted the co-expression and interaction of RFC3 and KIF14, which was verified by a co-immunoprecipitation assay. RFC3 displayed elevated expression in CRC tissues and cells, and depletion of RFC3 halted the proliferation, migration, invasion and angiogenesis, while increasing the apoptosis of CRC cells; this was accompanied by changes in the expression levels of related proteins. In addition, RFC3 bound to KIF14 and interference with RFC3 reduced KIF14 expression. Moreover, KIF14 upregulation reversed the effects of RFC3 depletion on the aggressive cellular behaviors in CRC. In conclusion, RFC3 might interact with KIF14 to function as a contributor to the malignant development of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Quzhou Kecheng People's Hospital, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324000, P.R. China
| | - Xinxin Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Yancheng Dafeng Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224110, P.R. China
| | - Fang Qian
- Department of Radiology, Wuxi Xinwu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214000, P.R. China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Radiology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Huaiyin District, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
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20
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Zhao N, Lai C, Wang Y, Dai S, Gu H. Understanding the role of DNA methylation in colorectal cancer: Mechanisms, detection, and clinical significance. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189096. [PMID: 38499079 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the deadliest malignancies worldwide, ranking third in incidence and second in mortality. Remarkably, early stage localized CRC has a 5-year survival rate of over 90%; in stark contrast, the corresponding 5-year survival rate for metastatic CRC (mCRC) is only 14%. Compounding this problem is the staggering lack of effective therapeutic strategies. Beyond genetic mutations, which have been identified as critical instigators of CRC initiation and progression, the importance of epigenetic modifications, particularly DNA methylation (DNAm), cannot be underestimated, given that DNAm can be used for diagnosis, treatment monitoring and prognostic evaluation. This review addresses the intricate mechanisms governing aberrant DNAm in CRC and its profound impact on critical oncogenic pathways. In addition, a comprehensive review of the various techniques used to detect DNAm alterations in CRC is provided, along with an exploration of the clinical utility of cancer-specific DNAm alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Zhao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Chuanxi Lai
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China
| | - Yunfei Wang
- Zhejiang ShengTing Biotech. Ltd, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Sheng Dai
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China.
| | - Hongcang Gu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China.
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21
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Dosunmu GT, Shergill A. Colorectal Cancer: Genetic Underpinning and Molecular Therapeutics for Precision Medicine. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:538. [PMID: 38790167 PMCID: PMC11120657 DOI: 10.3390/genes15050538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) accounts for about 10% of all cancer cases and 9% of cancer-related deaths globally. In the United States alone, CRC represents approximately 12.6% of all cancer cases, with a mortality rate of about 8%. CRC is now the first leading cause of cancer death in men younger than age 50 and second in women younger than age 50. This review delves into the genetic landscape of CRC, highlighting key mutations and their implications in disease progression and treatment. We provide an overview of the current and emerging therapeutic strategies tailored to individual genomic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ardaman Shergill
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA;
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22
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Jiang F, Zhao J, Sun J, Chen W, Zhao Y, Zhou S, Yuan S, Timofeeva M, Law PJ, Larsson SC, Chen D, Houlston RS, Dunlop MG, Theodoratou E, Li X. Impact of ambient air pollution on colorectal cancer risk and survival: insights from a prospective cohort and epigenetic Mendelian randomization study. EBioMedicine 2024; 103:105126. [PMID: 38631091 PMCID: PMC11035091 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigates the associations between air pollution and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk and survival from an epigenomic perspective. METHODS Using a newly developed Air Pollutants Exposure Score (APES), we utilized a prospective cohort study (UK Biobank) to investigate the associations of individual and combined air pollution exposures with CRC incidence and survival, followed by an up-to-date systematic review with meta-analysis to verify the associations. In epigenetic two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses, we examine the associations between genetically predicted DNA methylation related to air pollution and CRC risk. Further genetic colocalization and gene-environment interaction analyses provided different insights to disentangle pathogenic effects of air pollution via epigenetic modification. FINDINGS During a median 12.97-year follow-up, 5767 incident CRC cases among 428,632 participants free of baseline CRC and 533 deaths in 2401 patients with CRC were documented in the UK Biobank. A higher APES score was associated with an increased CRC risk (HR, 1.03, 95% CI = 1.01-1.06; P = 0.016) and poorer survival (HR, 1.13, 95% CI = 1.03-1.23; P = 0.010), particularly among participants with insufficient physical activity and ever smokers (Pinteraction > 0.05). A subsequent meta-analysis of seven observational studies, including UK Biobank data, corroborated the association between PM2.5 exposure (per 10 μg/m3 increment) and elevated CRC risk (RR,1.42, 95% CI = 1.12-1.79; P = 0.004; I2 = 90.8%). Genetically predicted methylation at PM2.5-related CpG site cg13835894 near TMBIM1/PNKD and cg16235962 near CXCR5, and NO2-related cg16947394 near TMEM110 were associated with an increased CRC risk. Gene-environment interaction analysis confirmed the epigenetic modification of aforementioned CpG sites with CRC risk and survival. INTERPRETATION Our study suggests the association between air pollution and CRC incidence and survival, underscoring the possible modifying roles of epigenomic factors. Methylation may partly mediate pathogenic effects of air pollution on CRC, with annotation to epigenetic alterations in protein-coding genes TMBIM1/PNKD, CXCR5 and TMEM110. FUNDING Xue Li is supported by the Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Zhejiang Province (LR22H260001), the National Nature Science Foundation of China (No. 82204019) and Healthy Zhejiang One Million People Cohort (K-20230085). ET is supported by a Cancer Research UK Career Development Fellowship (C31250/A22804). MGD is supported by the MRC Human Genetics Unit Centre Grant (U127527198).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Jiang
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianhui Zhao
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenxi Chen
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuyuan Zhao
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Siyun Zhou
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuai Yuan
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Timofeeva
- Danish Institute for Advanced Study (DIAS), Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography Research Unit, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Philip J Law
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Susanna C Larsson
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Unit of Medical Epidemiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dong Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Richard S Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Malcolm G Dunlop
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Evropi Theodoratou
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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23
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Xia Y, Chen K, Yang Q, Chen Z, Jin L, Zhang L, Yu X, Wang L, Xie C, Zhao Y, Shen Y, Tong J. Methylation in cornea and corneal diseases: a systematic review. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:169. [PMID: 38589350 PMCID: PMC11002037 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01935-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Corneal diseases are among the primary causes of blindness and vision loss worldwide. However, the pathogenesis of corneal diseases remains elusive, and diagnostic and therapeutic tools are limited. Thus, identifying new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of corneal diseases has gained great interest. Methylation, a type of epigenetic modification, modulates various cellular processes at both nucleic acid and protein levels. Growing evidence shows that methylation is a key regulator in the pathogenesis of corneal diseases, including inflammation, fibrosis, and neovascularization, making it an attractive potential therapeutic target. In this review, we discuss the major alterations of methylation and demethylation at the DNA, RNA, and protein levels in corneal diseases and how these dynamics contribute to the pathogenesis of corneal diseases. Also, we provide insights into identifying potential biomarkers of methylation that may improve the diagnosis and treatment of corneal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Xia
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Kuangqi Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Qianjie Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Zhitong Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Le Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Liyue Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Liyin Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Chen Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Ye Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Jianping Tong
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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24
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Sharma S, Singh N, Turk AA, Wan I, Guttikonda A, Dong JL, Zhang X, Opyrchal M. Molecular insights into clinical trials for immune checkpoint inhibitors in colorectal cancer: Unravelling challenges and future directions. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:1815-1835. [PMID: 38659481 PMCID: PMC11036501 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i13.1815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a complex disease with diverse etiologies and clinical outcomes. Despite considerable progress in development of CRC therapeutics, challenges remain regarding the diagnosis and management of advanced stage metastatic CRC (mCRC). In particular, the five-year survival rate is very low since mCRC is currently rarely curable. Over the past decade, cancer treatment has significantly improved with the introduction of cancer immunotherapies, specifically immune checkpoint inhibitors. Therapies aimed at blocking immune checkpoints such as PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4 target inhibitory pathways of the immune system, and thereby enhance anti-tumor immunity. These therapies thus have shown promising results in many clinical trials alone or in combination. The efficacy and safety of immunotherapy, either alone or in combination with CRC, have been investigated in several clinical trials. Clinical trials, including KEYNOTE-164 and CheckMate 142, have led to Food and Drug Administration approval of the PD-1 inhibitors pembrolizumab and nivolumab, respectively, for the treatment of patients with unresectable or metastatic microsatellite instability-high or deficient mismatch repair CRC. Unfortunately, these drugs benefit only a small percentage of patients, with the benefits of immunotherapy remaining elusive for the vast majority of CRC patients. To this end, primary and secondary resistance to immunotherapy remains a significant issue, and further research is necessary to optimize the use of immunotherapy in CRC and identify biomarkers to predict the response. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the clinical trials involving immune checkpoint inhibitors in CRC. The underlying rationale, challenges faced, and potential future steps to improve the prognosis and enhance the likelihood of successful trials in this field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Sharma
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Naresh Singh
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Anita Ahmed Turk
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Isabella Wan
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Akshay Guttikonda
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Julia Lily Dong
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Xinna Zhang
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
- Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Mateusz Opyrchal
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
- Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
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25
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Xu W, Tang Y, Yang Y, Wang C, Liu C, Zhang J, Zhao L, Wang G. Depletion of CPNE7 sensitizes colorectal cancer to 5-fluorouracil by downregulating ATG9B expression. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18261. [PMID: 38526029 PMCID: PMC10962129 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to explore the biological function of CPNE7 and determine the impact of CPNE7 on chemotherapy resistance in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. According to the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis database and previously published data, CPNE7 was identified as a potential oncogene in CRC. RT-qPCR and Western blotting were performed to verify the expression of CPNE7. Chi-square test was used to evaluate the associations between CPNE7 and clinical features. Cell proliferation, colony formation, cell migration and invasion, cell cycle and apoptosis were assessed to determine the effects of CPNE7. Transcriptome sequencing was used to identify potential downstream regulatory genes, and gene set enrichment analysis was performed to investigate downstream pathways. The effect of CPNE7 on 5-fluorouracil chemosensitivity was verified by half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50). Subcutaneous tumorigenesis assay was used to examine the role of CPNE7 in sensitivity of CRC to chemotherapy in vivo. Transmission electron microscopy was used to detect autophagosomes. CPNE7 was highly expressed in CRC tissues, and its expression was correlated with T stage and tumour site. Knockdown of CPNE7 inhibited the proliferation and colony formation of CRC cells and promoted apoptosis. Knockdown of CPNE7 suppressed the expression of ATG9B and enhanced the sensitivity of CRC cells to 5-fluorouracil in vitro and in vivo. Knockdown of CPNE7 reversed the induction of the autophagy pathway by rapamycin and reduced the number of autophagosomes. Depletion of CPNE7 attenuated the malignant proliferation of CRC cells and enhanced the chemosensitivity of CRC cells to 5-fluorouracil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weile Xu
- The Department of General surgeryThe Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
- The Department of General surgeryHebei Chest HospitalShijiazhuangHebeiChina
- The Second Department of SurgeryThe Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Yujie Tang
- The Department of Gastrointestinal surgeryThe Third Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Yang Yang
- The Department of Gastrointestinal surgeryThe Third Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Changjing Wang
- The Department of Gastrointestinal surgeryThe Third Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Chen Liu
- The Department of Gastrointestinal surgeryThe Third Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Jianqing Zhang
- The Department of Gastrointestinal surgeryThe Third Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Lianmei Zhao
- Scientific Research CenterThe Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Guiying Wang
- The Department of General surgeryThe Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
- The Second Department of SurgeryThe Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina
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26
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Oh CK, Cho YS. Pathogenesis and biomarkers of colorectal cancer by epigenetic alteration. Intest Res 2024; 22:131-151. [PMID: 38295766 PMCID: PMC11079515 DOI: 10.5217/ir.2023.00115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks third in cancer incidence and stands as the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. CRC tumorigenesis results from a cumulative set of genetic and epigenetic alterations, disrupting cancer-regulatory processes like cell proliferation, metabolism, angiogenesis, cell death, invasion, and metastasis. Key epigenetic modifications observed in cancers encompass abnormal DNA methylation, atypical histone modifications, and irregularities in noncoding RNAs, such as microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs. The advancement in genomic technologies has positioned these genetic and epigenetic shifts as potential clinical biomarkers for CRC patients. This review concisely covers the fundamental principles of CRC-associated epigenetic changes, and examines in detail their emerging role as biomarkers for early detection, prognosis, and treatment response prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Kyo Oh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Seok Cho
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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27
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Mosaad H, Shalaby SM, Mahmoud NM, Ahmed MM, Fayed A, Ashour HR, Sarhan W. LncRNA ANRIL Promotes Glucose Metabolism and Proliferation of Colon Cancer in a High-Glucose Environment and is Associated with Worse Outcome in Diabetic Colon Cancer Patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2024; 25:1371-1381. [PMID: 38679999 PMCID: PMC11162718 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2024.25.4.1371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potential involvement of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) as a risk factor for colon cancer (CC) has been previously reported. Epigenetic changes, such as deregulation of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and microRNA (miR), have been linked to the advancement of CC; however, the effects of high glucose levels on their deregulation and, in turn, colon cancer remain unexplored. METHODS Fifty patients had a dual diagnosis of CC and T2DM, and 60 patients with CC without diabetes mellitus were included in the study. qRT-PCR was used to examine the expression of lncRNA ANRIL and miR-186-5p in tissue samples. ANRIL, miR-186-5p, and their downstream target genes HIF-1α, PFK, HK, Bcl-2, and Bax were also determined in CC cell lines under various glucose conditions. Glucose uptake, lactate production and cells proliferation were estimated in CC cell lines. RESULTS A significant upregulation of ANRIL expression levels (p<0.001) and a significant downregulation of miR-186-5p expression (p<0.001) in diabetic colon cancer specimens compared to those in non-diabetic colon cancer group were observed. MiR-186-5p expression levels were inversely correlated with ANRIL expression levels, blood glucose levels and HbA1c%. Concerning in vitro model, a significant upregulation of ANRIL, downregulation of miR-186-5p, upregulation of HIF-1α, glycolytic enzymes and activation of antiapoptotic pathway was detected in higher glucose concentrations than lower one. There was a significant increase of glucose uptake, lactate accumulation and proliferation of the Caco2 and SW620 cell lines in a dose dependent manner of glucose concentrations. Moreover, a significant positive correlation between glucose uptake and ANRIL expression was shown. CONCLUSIONS A high-glucose environment can increase the tumor-promoting effect of ANRIL. ANRIL can promote glucose metabolism and colon cancer proliferation by downregulating miR-186-5p with subsequent upregulation of glycolysis enzymes expression and inhibition of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala Mosaad
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Sally M Shalaby
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Nevertyty M Mahmoud
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Mona M Ahmed
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Alaa Fayed
- Clinical Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Hassan R Ashour
- Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Walaa Sarhan
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
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28
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Bravo Iniguez A, Du M, Zhu MJ. α-Ketoglutarate for Preventing and Managing Intestinal Epithelial Dysfunction. Adv Nutr 2024; 15:100200. [PMID: 38438107 PMCID: PMC11016550 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The epithelium lining the intestinal tract serves a multifaceted role. It plays a crucial role in nutrient absorption and immune regulation and also acts as a protective barrier, separating underlying tissues from the gut lumen content. Disruptions in the delicate balance of the gut epithelium trigger inflammatory responses, aggravate conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, and potentially lead to more severe complications such as colorectal cancer. Maintaining intestinal epithelial homeostasis is vital for overall health, and there is growing interest in identifying nutraceuticals that can strengthen the intestinal epithelium. α-Ketoglutarate, a metabolite of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, displays a variety of bioactive effects, including functioning as an antioxidant, a necessary cofactor for epigenetic modification, and exerting anti-inflammatory effects. This article presents a comprehensive overview of studies investigating the potential of α-ketoglutarate supplementation in preventing dysfunction of the intestinal epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Min Du
- Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Mei-Jun Zhu
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States.
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Ma Y, Li J, Zhao X, Ji C, Hu W, Ma Y, Qu F, Sun Y, Zhang X. Multi-omics cluster defines the subtypes of CRC with distinct prognosis and tumor microenvironment. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:207. [PMID: 38549156 PMCID: PMC10976740 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01805-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a complex malignancy characterized by diverse molecular profiles, clinical outcomes, and limited precision in prognostic markers. Addressing these challenges, this study utilized multi-omics data to define consensus molecular subtypes in CRC and elucidate their association with clinical outcomes and underlying biological processes. METHODS Consensus molecular subtypes were obtained by applying ten integrated multi-omics clustering algorithms to analyze TCGA-CRC multi-omics data, including mRNA, lncRNA, miRNA, DNA methylation CpG sites, and somatic mutation data. The association of subtypes with prognoses, enrichment functions, immune status, and genomic alterations were further analyzed. Next, we conducted univariate Cox and Lasso regression analyses to investigate the potential prognostic application of biomarkers associated with multi-omics subtypes derived from weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). The function of one of the biomarkers MID2 was validated in CRC cell lines. RESULTS Two CRC subtypes linked to distinct clinical outcomes were identified in TCGA-CRC cohort and validated with three external datasets. The CS1 subtype exhibited a poor prognosis and was characterized by higher tumor-related Hallmark pathway activity and lower metabolism pathway activity. In addition, the CS1 was predicted to have less immunotherapy responder and exhibited more genomic alteration compared to CS2. Then a prognostic model comprising five genes was established, with patients in the high-risk group showing substantial concordance with the CS1 subtype, and those in the low-risk group with the CS2 subtype. The gene MID2, included in the prognostic model, was found to be correlated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway and distinct DNA methylation patterns. Knockdown of MID2 in CRC cells resulted in reduced colony formation, migration, and invasion capacities. CONCLUSION The integrative multi-omics subtypes proposed potential biomarkers for CRC and provided valuable knowledge for precision oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road 277, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road 277, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road 277, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chao Ji
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road 277, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weibin Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road 277, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - YanFang Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road 277, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fengyi Qu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road 277, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuchen Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road 277, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaozhi Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road 277, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
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30
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Huang H, Li Q, Tu X, Yu D, Zhou Y, Ma L, Wei K, Gao Y, Zhao G, Han R, Ye F, Ke C. DNA hypomethylation patterns and their impact on the tumor microenvironment in colorectal cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2024:10.1007/s13402-024-00933-x. [PMID: 38520647 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-024-00933-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent research underscores the pivotal role of immune checkpoints as biomarkers in colorectal cancer (CRC) therapy, highlighting the dynamics of resistance and response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. The impact of epigenetic alterations in CRC, particularly in relation to immune therapy resistance, is not fully understood. METHODS We integrated a comprehensive dataset encompassing TCGA-COAD, TCGA-READ, and multiple GEO series (GSE14333, GSE37892, GSE41258), along with key epigenetic datasets (TCGA-COAD, TCGA-READ, GSE77718). Hierarchical clustering, based on Euclidean distance and Ward's method, was applied to 330 primary tumor samples to identify distinct clusters. The immune microenvironment was assessed using MCPcounter. Machine learning algorithms were employed to predict DNA methylation patterns and their functional enrichment, in addition to transcriptome expression analysis. Genomic mutation profiles and treatment response assessments were also conducted. RESULTS Our analysis delineated a specific tumor cluster with CpG Island (CGI) methylation, termed the Demethylated Phenotype (DMP). DMP was associated with metabolic pathways such as oxidative phosphorylation, implicating increased ATP production efficiency in mitochondria, which contributes to tumor aggressiveness. Furthermore, DMP showed activation of the Myc target pathway, known for tumor immune suppression, and exhibited downregulation in key immune-related pathways, suggesting a tumor microenvironment characterized by diminished immunity and increased fibroblast infiltration. Six potential therapeutic agents-lapatinib, RDEA119, WH.4.023, MG.132, PD.0325901, and AZ628-were identified as effective for the DMP subtype. CONCLUSION This study unveils a novel epigenetic phenotype in CRC linked to resistance against immune checkpoint inhibitors, presenting a significant step toward personalized medicine by suggesting epigenetic classifications as a means to identify ideal candidates for immunotherapy in CRC. Our findings also highlight potential therapeutic agents for the DMP subtype, offering new avenues for tailored CRC treatment strategies.
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Grants
- 2021YDZ03 Medical Products Administration of Guangdong Province
- 2021YDZ03 Medical Products Administration of Guangdong Province
- 2021YDZ03 Medical Products Administration of Guangdong Province
- 2021YDZ03 Medical Products Administration of Guangdong Province
- 2021YDZ03 Medical Products Administration of Guangdong Province
- 2021YDZ03 Medical Products Administration of Guangdong Province
- 2021YDZ03 Medical Products Administration of Guangdong Province
- 2021YDZ03 Medical Products Administration of Guangdong Province
- 2021YDZ03 Medical Products Administration of Guangdong Province
- 2021YDZ03 Medical Products Administration of Guangdong Province
- 2021YDZ03 Medical Products Administration of Guangdong Province
- 2021YDZ03 Medical Products Administration of Guangdong Province
- QN2021012 Science and Technology Research Project of Hebei Higher Education Institutions
- QN2021012 Science and Technology Research Project of Hebei Higher Education Institutions
- QN2021012 Science and Technology Research Project of Hebei Higher Education Institutions
- QN2021012 Science and Technology Research Project of Hebei Higher Education Institutions
- QN2021012 Science and Technology Research Project of Hebei Higher Education Institutions
- QN2021012 Science and Technology Research Project of Hebei Higher Education Institutions
- QN2021012 Science and Technology Research Project of Hebei Higher Education Institutions
- QN2021012 Science and Technology Research Project of Hebei Higher Education Institutions
- QN2021012 Science and Technology Research Project of Hebei Higher Education Institutions
- QN2021012 Science and Technology Research Project of Hebei Higher Education Institutions
- QN2021012 Science and Technology Research Project of Hebei Higher Education Institutions
- QN2021012 Science and Technology Research Project of Hebei Higher Education Institutions
- 81902498,H2022405002 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81902498,H2022405002 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81902498,H2022405002 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81902498,H2022405002 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81902498,H2022405002 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81902498,H2022405002 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81902498,H2022405002 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81902498,H2022405002 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81902498,H2022405002 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81902498,H2022405002 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81902498,H2022405002 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81902498,H2022405002 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 2019CFB177 Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation
- 2019CFB177 Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation
- 2019CFB177 Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation
- 2019CFB177 Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation
- 2019CFB177 Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation
- 2019CFB177 Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation
- 2019CFB177 Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation
- 2019CFB177 Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation
- 2019CFB177 Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation
- 2019CFB177 Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation
- 2019CFB177 Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation
- 2019CFB177 Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation
- Q20182105 Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Provincial Department of Education
- Q20182105 Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Provincial Department of Education
- Q20182105 Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Provincial Department of Education
- Q20182105 Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Provincial Department of Education
- Q20182105 Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Provincial Department of Education
- Q20182105 Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Provincial Department of Education
- Q20182105 Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Provincial Department of Education
- Q20182105 Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Provincial Department of Education
- Q20182105 Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Provincial Department of Education
- Q20182105 Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Provincial Department of Education
- Q20182105 Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Provincial Department of Education
- Q20182105 Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Provincial Department of Education
- CXPJJH11800001-2018333 Chen Xiao-ping Foundation for the development of science and technology of Hubei Provincial
- CXPJJH11800001-2018333 Chen Xiao-ping Foundation for the development of science and technology of Hubei Provincial
- CXPJJH11800001-2018333 Chen Xiao-ping Foundation for the development of science and technology of Hubei Provincial
- CXPJJH11800001-2018333 Chen Xiao-ping Foundation for the development of science and technology of Hubei Provincial
- CXPJJH11800001-2018333 Chen Xiao-ping Foundation for the development of science and technology of Hubei Provincial
- CXPJJH11800001-2018333 Chen Xiao-ping Foundation for the development of science and technology of Hubei Provincial
- CXPJJH11800001-2018333 Chen Xiao-ping Foundation for the development of science and technology of Hubei Provincial
- CXPJJH11800001-2018333 Chen Xiao-ping Foundation for the development of science and technology of Hubei Provincial
- CXPJJH11800001-2018333 Chen Xiao-ping Foundation for the development of science and technology of Hubei Provincial
- CXPJJH11800001-2018333 Chen Xiao-ping Foundation for the development of science and technology of Hubei Provincial
- CXPJJH11800001-2018333 Chen Xiao-ping Foundation for the development of science and technology of Hubei Provincial
- CXPJJH11800001-2018333 Chen Xiao-ping Foundation for the development of science and technology of Hubei Provincial
- WJ2021Q007 The Foundation of Health and Family planning Commission of Hubei Province
- WJ2021Q007 The Foundation of Health and Family planning Commission of Hubei Province
- WJ2021Q007 The Foundation of Health and Family planning Commission of Hubei Province
- WJ2021Q007 The Foundation of Health and Family planning Commission of Hubei Province
- WJ2021Q007 The Foundation of Health and Family planning Commission of Hubei Province
- WJ2021Q007 The Foundation of Health and Family planning Commission of Hubei Province
- WJ2021Q007 The Foundation of Health and Family planning Commission of Hubei Province
- WJ2021Q007 The Foundation of Health and Family planning Commission of Hubei Province
- WJ2021Q007 The Foundation of Health and Family planning Commission of Hubei Province
- WJ2021Q007 The Foundation of Health and Family planning Commission of Hubei Province
- WJ2021Q007 The Foundation of Health and Family planning Commission of Hubei Province
- WJ2021Q007 The Foundation of Health and Family planning Commission of Hubei Province
- 201810929005, 201810929009, 201810929068, 201813249010, S201910929009, S201910929045, S202013249005, S202013249008 and 202010929009 Innovation and entrepreneurship training program
- 201810929005, 201810929009, 201810929068, 201813249010, S201910929009, S201910929045, S202013249005, S202013249008 and 202010929009 Innovation and entrepreneurship training program
- 201810929005, 201810929009, 201810929068, 201813249010, S201910929009, S201910929045, S202013249005, S202013249008 and 202010929009 Innovation and entrepreneurship training program
- 201810929005, 201810929009, 201810929068, 201813249010, S201910929009, S201910929045, S202013249005, S202013249008 and 202010929009 Innovation and entrepreneurship training program
- 201810929005, 201810929009, 201810929068, 201813249010, S201910929009, S201910929045, S202013249005, S202013249008 and 202010929009 Innovation and entrepreneurship training program
- 201810929005, 201810929009, 201810929068, 201813249010, S201910929009, S201910929045, S202013249005, S202013249008 and 202010929009 Innovation and entrepreneurship training program
- 201810929005, 201810929009, 201810929068, 201813249010, S201910929009, S201910929045, S202013249005, S202013249008 and 202010929009 Innovation and entrepreneurship training program
- 201810929005, 201810929009, 201810929068, 201813249010, S201910929009, S201910929045, S202013249005, S202013249008 and 202010929009 Innovation and entrepreneurship training program
- 201810929005, 201810929009, 201810929068, 201813249010, S201910929009, S201910929045, S202013249005, S202013249008 and 202010929009 Innovation and entrepreneurship training program
- 201810929005, 201810929009, 201810929068, 201813249010, S201910929009, S201910929045, S202013249005, S202013249008 and 202010929009 Innovation and entrepreneurship training program
- 201810929005, 201810929009, 201810929068, 201813249010, S201910929009, S201910929045, S202013249005, S202013249008 and 202010929009 Innovation and entrepreneurship training program
- 201810929005, 201810929009, 201810929068, 201813249010, S201910929009, S201910929045, S202013249005, S202013249008 and 202010929009 Innovation and entrepreneurship training program
- 2021JJXM009 The Scientific and Technological Project of Taihe hospital
- 2021JJXM009 The Scientific and Technological Project of Taihe hospital
- 2021JJXM009 The Scientific and Technological Project of Taihe hospital
- 2021JJXM009 The Scientific and Technological Project of Taihe hospital
- 2021JJXM009 The Scientific and Technological Project of Taihe hospital
- 2021JJXM009 The Scientific and Technological Project of Taihe hospital
- 2021JJXM009 The Scientific and Technological Project of Taihe hospital
- 2021JJXM009 The Scientific and Technological Project of Taihe hospital
- 2021JJXM009 The Scientific and Technological Project of Taihe hospital
- 2021JJXM009 The Scientific and Technological Project of Taihe hospital
- 2021JJXM009 The Scientific and Technological Project of Taihe hospital
- 2021JJXM009 The Scientific and Technological Project of Taihe hospital
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Affiliation(s)
- He Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Xusheng Tu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, China
| | - Dongyue Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yundong Zhou
- Shanghai Medical Innovation Fusion Biomedical Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Lifei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
- College of Lab Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, 075000, China
| | - Kongyuan Wei
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 420, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yuzhen Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China
| | - Guodong Zhao
- Faculty of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Ruiqin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseas, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Fangdie Ye
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200000, China.
| | - Chunlian Ke
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, China.
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31
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Wu J, Li S, Ma Y, Zhi W, Chen T, Huang X, Huang C, Zhou X, Zhang P, Zhang Y, Zheng G, Wang Z, Zhong X, Cai H, Wang W, Sun P, Zhou H. 3D hierarchic interfacial assembly of Au nanocage@Au along with IS-AgMNPs for simultaneous, ultrasensitive, reliable, and quantitative SERS detection of colorectal cancer related miRNAs. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 248:115993. [PMID: 38183788 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Simultaneous, reliable, and ultra-sensitive analysis of promising miRNA biomarkers of colorectal cancer (CRC) in serum is critical for early diagnosis and prognosis of CRC. In this work, we proposed a novel 3D hierarchic assembly clusters-based SERS strategy with dual enrichment and enhancement designed for the ultrasensitive and quantitative analysis of two upregulated CRC-related miRNAs (miR-21 and miR-31). The biosensor contains the following: (1) SERS probe, Au nanocage@Au nanoparticles (AuNC@Au NPs) labeled with Raman reporters (RaRs). (2) magnetic capture unit, Ag-coated Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (AgMNPs) modified with internal standard (IS). (3) signal amplify probes (SA probes) for the formation of hierarchic assembly clusters. Based on this sensing strategy, the intensity ratio IRaRs/IIS with Lg miRNAs presents a wide linear range (10 aM-100 pM) with a limit of detection of 3.46 aM for miR-21, 6.49 aM for miR-31, respectively. Moreover, the biosensor shows good specificity and anti-interference ability, and the reliability and repeatability of the strategy were then verified by practical detection of clinical serum. Finally, the biosensor can distinguish CRC cancer subjects from normal ones and guide the distinct tumor, lymph node, and metastasis (TNM) stages. Overall, benefiting from the face-to-face coupling of hierarchic assembly clusters, rapid magnetic enrichment and IS signal calibration of AgMNPs, the established biosensor achieves ultra-sensitive and simultaneous detection of dual miRNAs and opens potential avenues for prediction and staging of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Wu
- College of Pharmacy, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shengrong Li
- College of Pharmacy, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yiling Ma
- College of Pharmacy, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Weixia Zhi
- College of Pharmacy, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- College of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xueqin Huang
- College of Pharmacy, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chan Huang
- College of Pharmacy, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xia Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Guangchao Zheng
- School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Xing Zhong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Huaihong Cai
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wenxia Wang
- College of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Pinghua Sun
- College of Pharmacy, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Haibo Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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32
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Qin Y, Huo M, Liu X, Li SC. Biomarkers and computational models for predicting efficacy to tumor ICI immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1368749. [PMID: 38524135 PMCID: PMC10957591 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1368749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) immunotherapy has great potential as a cancer treatment, leading to significant clinical improvements in numerous cases. However, it benefits a minority of patients, underscoring the importance of discovering reliable biomarkers that can be used to screen for potential beneficiaries and ultimately reduce the risk of overtreatment. Our comprehensive review focuses on the latest advancements in predictive biomarkers for ICI therapy, particularly emphasizing those that enhance the efficacy of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors immunotherapies. We explore biomarkers derived from various sources, including tumor cells, the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), body fluids, gut microbes, and metabolites. Among them, tumor cells-derived biomarkers include tumor mutational burden (TMB) biomarker, tumor neoantigen burden (TNB) biomarker, microsatellite instability (MSI) biomarker, PD-L1 expression biomarker, mutated gene biomarkers in pathways, and epigenetic biomarkers. TIME-derived biomarkers include immune landscape of TIME biomarkers, inhibitory checkpoints biomarkers, and immune repertoire biomarkers. We also discuss various techniques used to detect and assess these biomarkers, detailing their respective datasets, strengths, weaknesses, and evaluative metrics. Furthermore, we present a comprehensive review of computer models for predicting the response to ICI therapy. The computer models include knowledge-based mechanistic models and data-based machine learning (ML) models. Among the knowledge-based mechanistic models are pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) models, partial differential equation (PDE) models, signal networks-based models, quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) models, and agent-based models (ABMs). ML models include linear regression models, logistic regression models, support vector machine (SVM)/random forest/extra trees/k-nearest neighbors (KNN) models, artificial neural network (ANN) and deep learning models. Additionally, there are hybrid models of systems biology and ML. We summarized the details of these models, outlining the datasets they utilize, their evaluation methods/metrics, and their respective strengths and limitations. By summarizing the major advances in the research on predictive biomarkers and computer models for the therapeutic effect and clinical utility of tumor ICI, we aim to assist researchers in choosing appropriate biomarkers or computer models for research exploration and help clinicians conduct precision medicine by selecting the best biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Qin
- Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Miaozhe Huo
- Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xingwu Liu
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuai Cheng Li
- Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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33
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Coleman D, Kuwada S. miRNA as a Biomarker for the Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:338. [PMID: 38540397 PMCID: PMC10969835 DOI: 10.3390/genes15030338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding RNA segments that can be detected in a variety of clinical samples, including serum, stool, and urine. While miRNAs were initially known for their effect on post-translational gene expression, the last decade of research has shown them to be promising biomarkers for the detection of many types of cancer. This paper explores the use of miRNA detection as a tool for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. We discuss the current state of miRNA detection, compare it to the existing CRC screening tools, and highlight the advantages and drawbacks of this approach from a clinical and logistical perspective. Our research finds that miRNA-based tests for CRC show great potential, but that widespread clinical adoption will be conditional on future research overcoming key hurdles.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Coleman
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Scott Kuwada
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 01 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
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34
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Cai JH, Yang DY, Zhang JJ, Tan JH, Huang ZS, Chen SB. Constructing triazole-modified quinazoline derivatives as selective c-MYC G-quadruplex ligands and potent anticancer agents through click chemistry. Bioorg Chem 2024; 144:107173. [PMID: 38335759 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
c-MYC is a hallmark of various cancers, playing a critical role in promoting tumorigenesis. The formation of G-quadruplex (G4) in the c-MYC promoter region significantly suppresses its expression. Therefore, developing small-molecule ligands to stabilize c-MYC G4 formation and subsequentially suppress c-MYC expression is an attractive topic for c-MYC-driven cancer therapy. However, achieving selective ligands for c-MYC G4 poses challenges. In this study, we developed a series of triazole-modified quinazoline (TMQ) derivatives as potential c-MYC G4 ligands and c-MYC transcription inhibitors from 4-anilinoquinazoline lead 7a using click chemistry. Importantly, the c-MYC G4 stabilizing ability and antiproliferation activity were well correlated among these new derivatives, particularly in the c-MYC highly expressed colorectal cancer cell line HCT116. Among them, compound A6 exhibited good selectivity in stabilizing c-MYC G4 and in suppressing c-MYC transcription better than 7a. This compound induced G4 formation, selectively inhibited G4-related c-MYC transcription and suppressed the progression of HCT116 cells. These findings identify a new c-MYC transcription inhibitor and provide new insights for optimizing c-MYC G4-targeting ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiong-Heng Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dan-Yan Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jia-Heng Tan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhi-Shu Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Shuo-Bin Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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35
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Bhagtaney L, Dharmarajan A, Warrier S. miRNA on the Battlefield of Cancer: Significance in Cancer Stem Cells, WNT Pathway, and Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:957. [PMID: 38473318 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16050957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Carcinogenesis is a complex process characterized by intricate changes in organ histology, biochemistry, epigenetics, and genetics. Within this intricate landscape, cancer stem cells (CSCs) have emerged as distinct cell types possessing unique attributes that significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of cancer. The WNT signaling pathway plays a critical role in maintaining somatic stem cell pluripotency. However, in cancer, overexpression of WNT mediators enhances the activity of β-catenin, resulting in phenomena such as recurrence and unfavorable survival outcomes. Notably, CSCs exhibit heightened WNT signaling compared to bulk cancer cells, providing intriguing insights into their functional characteristics. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), as post-transcriptional gene expression regulators, modulate various physiological processes in numerous diseases including cancer. Upregulation or downregulation of miRNAs can affect the production of pro-oncogenic or anti-oncogenic proteins, influencing cellular processes that maintain tissue homeostasis and promote either apoptosis or differentiation, even in cancer cells. In order to understand the dysregulation of miRNAs, it is essential to examine miRNA biogenesis and any possible alterations at each step. The potential of a miRNA as a biomarker in prognosis, diagnosis, and detection is being assessed using technologies such as next-generation sequencing. Extensive research has explored miRNA expression profiles in cancer, leading to their utilization as diagnostic tools and the development of personalized and targeted cancer therapies. This review delves into the role of miRNAs in carcinogenesis in relation to the WNT signaling pathway along with their potential as druggable compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lekha Bhagtaney
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore 560065, India
| | - Arun Dharmarajan
- Faculty of Clinical Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600116, India
- School of Human Sciences, Faculty of Life and Physical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Sudha Warrier
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore 560065, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600116, India
- Cuor Stem Cellutions Pvt Ltd., Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore 560065, India
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Jiang H, Su W, Wang H, Luo C, Wang Y, Zhang L, Luo L, Lu Z, Shen D, Su G. DPY30 knockdown suppresses colorectal carcinoma progression via inducing Raf1/MST2-mediated apoptosis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24807. [PMID: 38314299 PMCID: PMC10837565 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal Carcinoma (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive tract, with a high mortality rate. DPY30 is one of the core subunits of the histone methyltransferase complex, which was involved in many cancer processes. However, the role of DPY30 in the occurrence and progression of CRC remains unclear. In this study, we sought to evaluate the role and mechanism of DPY30 in CRC cells apoptosis. Here, we identified that knockdown of DPY30 significantly inhibited the HT29 and HCT116 cells proliferation in vitro. Moreover, the knockdown of DPY30 significantly increased the apoptosis rate and promoted the expression of apoptosis-related proteins in CRC cells. Meanwhile, DPY30 knockdown promoted CRC cells apoptosis through endogenous programmed death and in a caspase activation-dependent manner. Furthermore, RNA-seq analysis revealed that the action of DPY30 is closely related to the apoptosis biological processes, and screened its potential effectors Raf1. Mechanistically, DPY30 downregulation promotes MST2-induced apoptosis by inhibiting Raf1 transcriptional activity through histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3). In vivo experiments showed that DPY30 was correlated with Raf1 in nude mouse subcutaneous xenografts tissues significantly. Clinical colorectal specimens further confirmed that overexpression of DPY30 in malignant tissues was significantly correlated with Raf1 level. The vital role of the DPY30/Raf1/MST2 signaling axis in the cell death and survival rate of CRC cells was disclosed, which provides potential new targets for early diagnosis and clinical treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- HaiFeng Jiang
- Department of Colorectal Tumor Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second People's Hospital of Yibin City, Yibin, 644000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - WeiChao Su
- Department of Colorectal Tumor Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, Fujian Province, China
- Xiamen Xianyue Hospital, Xianyue Hospital Affiliated with Xiamen Medical College, Fujian Psychiatric Center, Fujian Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Xiamen, 361012, China
| | - HaiXing Wang
- Department of Endoscopy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China
| | - ChunYing Luo
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, China
| | - YaTao Wang
- Department of Colorectal Tumor Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, Fujian Province, China
| | - LinJun Zhang
- Xiamen Cell Therapy Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China
| | - LingTao Luo
- Department of Colorectal Tumor Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, Fujian Province, China
| | - ZeBin Lu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - DongYan Shen
- Xiamen Cell Therapy Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China
| | - GuoQiang Su
- Department of Colorectal Tumor Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
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Wu L, Zhou Z, Yu Y, Cheng C, Zhou S, Yan Y, Yu B, Zhang Y, Liu Z. Phosphorylation-dependent deubiquitinase OTUD3 regulates YY1 stability and promotes colorectal cancer progression. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:137. [PMID: 38351178 PMCID: PMC10864350 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06526-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Yin Yang 1 (YY1) is a key transcription factor that has been implicated in the development of several malignancies. The stability of YY1 is regulated by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. The role of deubiquitinases (DUBs) and their impact on YY1 remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, we screened for ubiquitin-specific proteases that interact with YY1, and identified OTUD3 as a DUB for YY1. Over-expressed OTUD3 inhibited YY1 degradation, thereby increasing YY1 protein levels, whereas OTUD3 knockdown or knockout promoted YY1 degradation, thereby decreasing the proliferation of colorectal cancer (CRC). Furthermore, PLK1 mediates OTUD3 S326 phosphorylation, which further enhances OTUD3 binding and deubiquitination of YY1. In CRC tissues, elevated the expression level of OTUD3 and YY1 were significantly associated with poor prognostic outcomes. These findings suggest that the OTUD3-YY1 pathway has therapeutic potential in CRC, and OTUD3 plays a critical role in regulating YY1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Heifei, 230001, China
| | - Zili Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
- Microbiome Laboratory, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Can Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Heifei, 230001, China
| | - Shuai Zhou
- Translational Research Institute, Henan Provincial and Zhengzhou City Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA and Cancer Metabolism, Henan International Join Laboratory of Non-coding RNA and Metabolism in Cancer, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Yuan Yan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Bofan Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Differentiation & Modification, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Zhengyi Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
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Peng K, Liu Y, Liu S, Wang Z, Zhang H, He W, Jin Y, Wang L, Xia X, Xia L. Targeting MEK/COX-2 axis improve immunotherapy efficacy in dMMR colorectal cancer with PIK3CA overexpression. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2024:10.1007/s13402-024-00916-y. [PMID: 38315285 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-024-00916-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE PIK3CA mutation or overexpression is associated with immunotherapy resistance in multiple cancer types, but is also paradoxically associated with benefit of COX-2 inhibition on patient survival of colorectal cancer (CRC) with mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR). This study examined whether and how PIK3CA status affected COX-2-mediated tumor inflammation and immunotherapy response of dMMR CRC. METHODS Murine colon cancer cells MC38, CT26, and CT26-Mlh1-KO were used to construct PIK3CA knockdown and overexpression models to mimic dMMR CRC with PIK3CA dysregulation, and xenograft models were used to evaluate how PIK3CA regulate COX-2 expression, CD8+ T cells infiltration, tumor growth, and therapy response to anti-PD-L1 treatment using immunocompetent mice. Western blot was carried out to delineate the signaling pathways in human and mouse cancer cells, and immunohistochemical analysis together with bioinformatics analysis using human patient samples. RESULTS PIK3CA upregulates COX-2 expression through MEK/ERK signaling pathway independent of AKT signaling to promote tumor inflammation and immunosuppression. PIK3CA knockdown profoundly reduced CT26 tumor growth in a CD8+ T cell-dependent manner, while PIK3CA overexpression significantly inhibited CD8+ T cells infiltration and promoted tumor growth. Furthermore, MEK or COX-2 inhibition augmented the anti-tumor activity of anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy on dMMR CRC mouse models, accompanied with increased CD8+ T cells infiltration and activated tumor microenvironment. CONCLUSION Our results identified that the PIK3CA hyperactivation in dMMR CRC upregulated COX-2 through MEK signaling, which inhibited CD8+ T cells infiltration and promoted tumor growth, together led to immunotherapy resistance. COX-2 or MEK inhibition may relieve therapy resistance and promote therapy efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy for treating dMMR CRC with PIK3CA overexpression or activating mutation.
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Grants
- 82102995,81972692, 82073140, 81902905, 81902491 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82102995,81972692, 82073140, 81902905, 81902491 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82102995,81972692, 82073140, 81902905, 81902491 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82102995,81972692, 82073140, 81902905, 81902491 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82102995,81972692, 82073140, 81902905, 81902491 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82102995,81972692, 82073140, 81902905, 81902491 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82102995,81972692, 82073140, 81902905, 81902491 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82102995,81972692, 82073140, 81902905, 81902491 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82102995,81972692, 82073140, 81902905, 81902491 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82102995,81972692, 82073140, 81902905, 81902491 National Natural Science Foundation of China
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunwei Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China
- VIP Region, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 250 Changgang East Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongxiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China
| | - Shousheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China
- VIP Region, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zining Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China
| | - Huanling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China
| | - Wenzhuo He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China
- VIP Region, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China
- VIP Region, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China
- VIP Region, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaojun Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China.
| | - Liangping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China.
- VIP Region, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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39
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Maliborska S, Holotiuk V, Partykevych Y, Rossylna O. PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF microRNA-100, -125b, AND -200b IN PATIENTS WITH COLORECTAL CANCER. Exp Oncol 2024; 45:443-450. [PMID: 38328846 DOI: 10.15407/exp-oncology.2023.04.443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The discovery of new markers for colorectal cancer (CRC) is of paramount importance for improving the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of this disease. CRC is the third most common cancer worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Early detection and treatment are crucial for improving patient outcomes, but current screening methods are not foolproof. Additionally, there is a need for better prognostic markers to identify patients at high risk of recurrence or metastasis, who may benefit from more aggressive treatment. OBJECTIVES To analyze the expression profile of miR-100, miR-125b, and miR-200b in the blood serum of CRC patients and assess its correlation with the clinicopathological factors of cancer course. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty blood serum samples from CRC patients were analyzed by the real-time polymerase chain reaction for miR-100, miR-125b, and miR-200b expressions. The results were normalized and then analyzed using statistical tests. RESULTS According to our results, miR-125b and -200b expressions correlate with T (r = -0.51 and 0.6, respectively, p < 0.05) and N (r = 0.47 and -0.52, respectively, p < 0.05). Also, miR-125b levels were 1.56 times higher and mir- 200b - 1.59 times lower in patients with metastases in the regional lymph nodes. CONCLUSIONS Observed levels of miR-125b and -200b in correlation with tumor stage and lymph node metastasis among CRC patients demonstrate their potential clinical utility as minimally invasive biomarkers for the prognosis of cancer course. Therefore, further validation studies with larger participant cohorts are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Maliborska
- Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Department of Oncology, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - V Holotiuk
- Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Department of Oncology, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Y Partykevych
- Prykarpatsky Clinical Oncology Center of the Ivano-Frankivsk Regional Council", Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - O Rossylna
- Clinic for Personalized Diagnostics and Therapy Design "Oncotheranostics", Kyiv, Ukraine
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40
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Shim H, Jang K, Bang YH, Chu HBK, Kang J, Lee JY, Cho S, Lee HS, Jeon J, Hwang T, Joe S, Lim J, Choi JH, Joo EH, Park K, Moon JH, Han KY, Hong Y, Lee WY, Kim HC, Yun SH, Cho YB, Park YA, Huh JW, Shin JK, Pyo DH, Hong H, Lee HO, Park WY, Yang JO, Kim YJ. Comprehensive profiling of DNA methylation in Korean patients with colorectal cancer. BMB Rep 2024; 57:110-115. [PMID: 37605617 PMCID: PMC10910091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in DNA methylation play an important pathophysiological role in the development and progression of colorectal cancer. We comprehensively profiled DNA methylation alterations in 165 Korean patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), and conducted an in-depth investigation of cancer-specific methylation patterns. Our analysis of the tumor samples revealed a significant presence of hypomethylated probes, primarily within the gene body regions; few hypermethylated sites were observed, which were mostly enriched in promoter-like and CpG island regions. The CpG Island Methylator PhenotypeHigh (CIMP-H) exhibited notable enrichment of microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H). Additionally, our findings indicated a significant correlation between methylation of the MLH1 gene and MSI-H status. Furthermore, we found that the CIMP-H had a higher tendency to affect the right-side of the colon tissues and was slightly more prevalent among older patients. Through our methylome profile analysis, we successfully verified the thylation patterns and clinical characteristics of Korean patients with CRC. This valuable dataset lays a strong foundation for exploring novel molecular insights and potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of CRC. [BMB Reports 2024; 57(2): 110-115].
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeran Shim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Kiwon Jang
- Korea Bioinformation Center (KOBIC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Yeong Hak Bang
- Department of Digital Health, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06355, Korea
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Hoang Bao Khanh Chu
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jisun Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jin-Young Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Sheehyun Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Hong Seok Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jongbum Jeon
- Korea Bioinformation Center (KOBIC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Taeyeon Hwang
- Korea Bioinformation Center (KOBIC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Soobok Joe
- Korea Bioinformation Center (KOBIC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jinyeong Lim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06355, Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Choi
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06355, Korea
| | - Eun Hye Joo
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06355, Korea
| | - Kyunghee Park
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea, Seoul 04779, Korea
| | - Ji Hwan Moon
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea, Seoul 04779, Korea
| | - Kyung Yeon Han
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea, Seoul 04779, Korea
| | - Yourae Hong
- Department of Oncology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium, Seoul 04779, Korea
| | - Woo Yong Lee
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Hee Cheol Kim
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Seong Hyeon Yun
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Yong Beom Cho
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Yoon Ah Park
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Jung Wook Huh
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Jung Kyong Shin
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Dae Hee Pyo
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Hyekyung Hong
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Hae-Ock Lee
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Woong-Yang Park
- Department of Digital Health, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06355, Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06355, Korea
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea, Seoul 04779, Korea
| | - Jin Ok Yang
- Korea Bioinformation Center (KOBIC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Young-Joon Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
- LepiDyne Co., Ltd., Seoul 04779, Korea
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Wu X, Li W, Tu H. Big data and artificial intelligence in cancer research. Trends Cancer 2024; 10:147-160. [PMID: 37977902 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2023.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The field of oncology has witnessed an extraordinary surge in the application of big data and artificial intelligence (AI). AI development has made multiscale and multimodal data fusion and analysis possible. A new era of extracting information from complex big data is rapidly evolving. However, challenges related to efficient data curation, in-depth analysis, and utilization remain. We provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of the art in big data and computational analysis, highlighting key applications, challenges, and future opportunities in cancer research. By sketching the current landscape, we seek to foster a deeper understanding and facilitate the advancement of big data utilization in oncology, call for interdisciplinary collaborations, ultimately contributing to improved patient outcomes and a profound understanding of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xifeng Wu
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health, Center of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Wenyuan Li
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health, Center of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huakang Tu
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health, Center of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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42
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Bai H, Yan DS, Chen YL, Li QZ, Qi YC. Potential biomarkers: The hypomethylation of cg18949415 and cg22193385 sites in colon adenocarcinoma. Comput Biol Med 2024; 169:107884. [PMID: 38154158 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Overall cancer hypomethylation had been identified in the past, but it is not clear exactly which hypomethylation site is the more important for the occurrence of cancer. To identify key hypomethylation sites, we studied the effect of hypomethylation in twelve regions on gene expression in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). The key DNA methylation sites of cg18949415, cg22193385 and important genes of C6orf223, KRT7 were found by constructing a prognostic model, survival analysis and random combination prediction a series of in-depth systematic calculations and analyses, and the results were validated by GEO database, immune microenvironment, drug and functional enrichment analysis. Based on the expression values of C6orf223, KRT7 genes and the DNA methylation values of cg18949415, cg22193385 sites, the least diversity increment algorithm were used to predict COAD and normal sample. The 100 % reliability and 97.12 % correctness of predicting tumor samples were obtained in jackknife test. Moreover, we found that C6orf223 gene, cg18949415 site play a more important role than KRT7 gene, cg22193385 site in COAD. In addition, we investigate the impact of key methylation sites on three-dimensional chromatin structure. Our results will be help for experimental studies and may be an epigenetic biomarker for COAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Bai
- Laboratory of Theoretical Biophysics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China.
| | - Dong-Sheng Yan
- Laboratory of Theoretical Biophysics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China.
| | - Ying-Li Chen
- Laboratory of Theoretical Biophysics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China; The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010070, China.
| | - Qian-Zhong Li
- Laboratory of Theoretical Biophysics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China; The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010070, China.
| | - Ye-Chen Qi
- Laboratory of Theoretical Biophysics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China.
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Ratre P, Nazeer N, Soni N, Kaur P, Tiwari R, Mishra PK. Smart carbon-based sensors for the detection of non-coding RNAs associated with exposure to micro(nano)plastics: an artificial intelligence perspective. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:8429-8452. [PMID: 38182954 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31779-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Micro(nano)plastics (MNPs) are pervasive environmental pollutants that individuals eventually consume. Despite this, little is known about MNP's impact on public health. In this article, we assess the evidence for potentially harmful consequences of MNPs in the human body, concentrating on molecular toxicity and exposure routes. Since MNPs are present in various consumer products, foodstuffs, and the air we breathe, exposure can occur through ingestion, inhalation, and skin contact. MNPs exposure can cause mitochondrial oxidative stress, inflammatory lesions, and epigenetic modifications, releasing specific non-coding RNAs in circulation, which can be detected to diagnose non-communicable diseases. This article examines the most fascinating smart carbon-based nanobiosensors for detecting circulating non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs and microRNAs). Carbon-based smart nanomaterials offer many advantages over traditional methods, such as ease of use, sensitivity, specificity, and efficiency, for capturing non-coding RNAs. In particular, the synthetic methods, conjugation chemistries, doping, and in silico approach for the characterization of synthesized carbon nanodots and their adaptability to identify and measure non-coding RNAs associated with MNPs exposure is discussed. Furthermore, the article provides insights into the use of artificial intelligence tools for designing smart carbon nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Ratre
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Genetics & Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Nazim Nazeer
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Genetics & Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Nikita Soni
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Genetics & Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Prasan Kaur
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Genetics & Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Rajnarayan Tiwari
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Genetics & Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Pradyumna Kumar Mishra
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Genetics & Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India.
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Li Y, Sui S, Goel A. Extracellular vesicles associated microRNAs: Their biology and clinical significance as biomarkers in gastrointestinal cancers. Semin Cancer Biol 2024; 99:5-23. [PMID: 38341121 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, including colorectal, gastric, esophageal, pancreatic, and liver, are associated with high mortality and morbidity rates worldwide. One of the underlying reasons for the poor survival outcomes in patients with these malignancies is late disease detection, typically when the tumor has already advanced and potentially spread to distant organs. Increasing evidence indicates that earlier detection of these cancers is associated with improved survival outcomes and, in some cases, allows curative treatments. Consequently, there is a growing interest in the development of molecular biomarkers that offer promise for screening, diagnosis, treatment selection, response assessment, and predicting the prognosis of these cancers. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous vesicles released from cells containing a repertoire of biological molecules, including nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are the most extensively studied non-coding RNAs, and the deregulation of miRNA levels is a feature of cancer cells. EVs miRNAs can serve as messengers for facilitating interactions between tumor cells and the cellular milieu, including immune cells, endothelial cells, and other tumor cells. Furthermore, recent years have witnessed considerable technological advances that have permitted in-depth sequence profiling of these small non-coding RNAs within EVs for their development as promising cancer biomarkers -particularly non-invasive, liquid biopsy markers in various cancers, including GI cancers. Herein, we summarize and discuss the roles of EV-associated miRNAs as they play a seminal role in GI cancer progression, as well as their promising translational and clinical potential as cancer biomarkers as we usher into the area of precision oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Biomedical Research Center, Monrovia, CA, USA; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Silei Sui
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Biomedical Research Center, Monrovia, CA, USA; Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ajay Goel
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Biomedical Research Center, Monrovia, CA, USA.
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Lan YZ, Wu Z, Chen WJ, Fang ZX, Yu XN, Wu HT, Liu J. Small nucleolar RNA and its potential role in the oncogenesis and development of colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:115-127. [PMID: 38312115 PMCID: PMC10835520 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i2.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) represent a class of non-coding RNAs that play pivotal roles in post-transcriptional RNA processing and modification, thereby contributing significantly to the maintenance of cellular functions related to protein synthesis. SnoRNAs have been discovered to possess the ability to influence cell fate and alter disease progression, holding immense potential in controlling human diseases. It is suggested that the dysregulation of snoRNAs in cancer exhibits differential expression across various cancer types, stages, metastasis, treatment response and/or prognosis in patients. On the other hand, colorectal cancer (CRC), a prevalent malignancy of the digestive system, is characterized by high incidence and mortality rates, ranking as the third most common cancer type. Recent research indicates that snoRNA dysregulation is associated with CRC, as snoRNA expression significantly differs between normal and cancerous conditions. Consequently, assessing snoRNA expression level and function holds promise for the prognosis and diagnosis of CRC. Nevertheless, current comprehension of the potential roles of snoRNAs in CRC remains limited. This review offers a comprehensive survey of the aberrant regulation of snoRNAs in CRC, providing valuable insights into the discovery of novel biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and potential tools for the diagnosis and treatment of CRC and furnishing critical cues for advancing research into CRC and the judicious selection of therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Zheng Lan
- The Breast Center, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zheng Wu
- The Breast Center, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wen-Jia Chen
- The Breast Center, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ze-Xuan Fang
- The Breast Center, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xin-Ning Yu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hua-Tao Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jing Liu
- The Breast Center, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
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Yu F, Li L, Gu Y, Wang S, Zhou L, Cheng X, Jiang H, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Qian W, Li X, Liu Z. Lysine demethylase 5C inhibits transcription of prefoldin subunit 5 to activate c-Myc signal transduction and colorectal cancer progression. Mol Med 2024; 30:9. [PMID: 38216914 PMCID: PMC10785505 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00775-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lysine demethylase 5C (KDM5C) has been implicated in the development of several human cancers. This study aims to investigate the role of KDM5C in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) and explore the associated molecular mechanism. METHODS Bioinformatics tools were employed to predict the target genes of KDM5C in CRC. The expression levels of KDM5C and prefoldin subunit 5 (PFDN5) in CRC cells were determined by RT-qPCR and western blot assays. The interaction between KDM5C, H3K4me3, and PFDN5 was validated by chromatin immunoprecipitation. Expression and prognostic values of KDM5C and PFDN5 in CRC were analyzed in a cohort of 72 patients. The function of KDM5C/PFDN5 in c-Myc signal transduction was analyzed by luciferase assay. Silencing of KDM5C and PFDN5 was induced in CRC cell lines to analyze the cell malignant phenotype in vitro and tumorigenic activity in nude mice. RESULTS KDM5C exhibited high expression, while PFDN5 displayed low expression in CRC cells and clinical CRC samples. High KDM5C levels correlated with poor survival and unfavorable clinical presentation, whereas elevated PFDN5 correlated with improved patient outcomes. KDM5C mediated demethylation of H3K4me3 on the PFDN5 promoter, suppressing its transcription and thereby enhancing the transcriptional activity of c-Myc. KDM5C knockdown in CRC cells suppressed cell proliferation, migration and invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and tumorigenic activity while increasing autophagy and apoptosis rates. However, the malignant behavior of cells was restored by the further silencing of PFDN5. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that KDM5C inhibits PFDN5 transcription, thereby activating c-Myc signal transduction and promoting CRC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulong Yu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Yimei Gu
- Emergency ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianbang Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohu Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingfeng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbao Qian
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Hefei Da'an Medical Laboratory Co., Ltd., Hefei, 230012, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianghua Li
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Hefei Da'an Medical Laboratory Co., Ltd., Hefei, 230012, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhining Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
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Tang X, Xu X, Chen R, Zhang M, Mei Z, Zhang S. Immune checkpoint inhibitors for patients with microsatellite instability-high colorectal cancer: protocol of a pooled analysis of clinical trials. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1331937. [PMID: 38234398 PMCID: PMC10792030 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1331937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cause of cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) is a distinct molecular subtype of CRC that occurs in approximately 15% of all cases. Recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic approach for patients with MSI-H colorectal cancer, exhibiting higher response rates than standard chemotherapies. To assess the effectiveness and safety of ICIs for the treatment of patients with MSI-H CRC, we propose a comprehensive pooled analysis of clinical trial data. Methods and analysis A systematic search of multiple electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Clinicaltrials.gov, will be conducted from their inception until September, 2023 to identify eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized studies. Inclusion criteria comprise studies of adult patients with histologically confirmed MSI-H CRC treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors, with a comparison to a control group receiving conventional therapies. Outcomes of interest will be overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and incidence of treatment-related adverse events (AEs). The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and the Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool will be employed to evaluate the methodological quality of included studies. A random-effects model using the DerSimonian and Laird method will be applied for pooling the effect estimates, calculating hazard ratios (HRs) or risk ratios (RRs) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity will be assessed using I² statistics, and subgroup analysis and meta-regression will be performed to explore potential effect modifiers in case of substantial heterogeneity. Publication bias will be evaluated with funnel plots and Egger's test. Sensitivity analysis will be conducted to assess the robustness of the results. Discussion This meta-analysis will synthesize available evidence from clinical trials on immune checkpoint inhibitors in treating MSI-H colorectal cancer. The findings will offer valuable information about the effectiveness and safety of ICIs in this patient population, contributing to the refinement of clinical guidelines and enhancing the decision-making process for healthcare providers, policy-makers, and patients. The comprehensive analysis of subgroups and sensitivity allows for an in-depth understanding of potential effect modification, providing essential directions for future research. Ethics and dissemination This study will involve the use of published data; hence, ethical approval is not required. The results of the study will be disseminated through publications in peer-reviewed journals and presentations at relevant conferences. The findings will potentially impact clinical decision-making and contribute to the development of evidence-based treatment recommendations for patients with MSI-H colorectal cancer. Clinical trial registration Open Science Framework identifier, 10.17605/OSF.IO/ZHJ85.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Tang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xinshu Xu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- First Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ruobing Chen
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- First Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- First Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zubing Mei
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Anorectal Disease Institute of Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuangxi Zhang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Yasui K, Toshima T, Inada R, Umeda Y, Yano S, Tanioka H, Nyuya A, Fujiwara T, Yamada T, Naomoto Y, Goel A, Nagasaka T. Circulating cell-free DNA methylation patterns as non-invasive biomarkers to monitor colorectal cancer treatment efficacy without referencing primary site mutation profiles. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:1. [PMID: 38172877 PMCID: PMC10762960 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01910-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates methylation patterns in circulating cell-free DNA (ccfDNA) for their potential role in colorectal cancer (CRC) detection and the monitoring of treatment response. Through methylation microarrays and quantitative PCR assays, we analyzed 440 samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and an additional 949 CRC samples. We detected partial or extensive methylation in over 85% of cases within three biomarkers: EFEMP1, SFRP2, and UNC5C. A methylation score for at least one of the six candidate regions within these genes' promoters was present in over 95% of CRC cases, suggesting a viable detection method. In evaluating ccfDNA from 97 CRC patients and 62 control subjects, a difference in methylation and recovery signatures was observed. The combined score, integrating both methylation and recovery metrics, showed high diagnostic accuracy, evidenced by an area under the ROC curve of 0.90 (95% CI = 0.86 to 0.94). While correlating with tumor burden, this score gave early insight into disease progression in a small patient cohort. Our results suggest that DNA methylation in ccfDNA could serve as a sensitive biomarker for CRC, offering a less invasive and potentially more cost-effective approach to augment existing cancer detection and monitoring modalities, possibly supporting comprehensive genetic mutation profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Yasui
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Toshima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Centre, Kochi, 781-0111, Japan
| | - Ryo Inada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Centre, Kochi, 781-0111, Japan
| | - Yuzo Umeda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shuya Yano
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushim, Kurashiki, 701-0912, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tanioka
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushim, Kurashiki, 701-0912, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nyuya
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushim, Kurashiki, 701-0912, Japan
| | - Toshiyoshi Fujiwara
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yamada
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Yoshio Naomoto
- Department of General Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan
| | - Ajay Goel
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Biomedical Research Center, Monrovia, CA, 91016, USA.
| | - Takeshi Nagasaka
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushim, Kurashiki, 701-0912, Japan.
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Chen Y, Liu F, Chen X, Li W, Li K, Cai H, Wang S, Wang H, Xu K, Zhang C, Ye S, Shen Y, Mou T, Cai S, Zhou J, Yu J. microRNA-622 upregulates cell cycle process by targeting FOLR2 to promote CRC proliferation. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:26. [PMID: 38166756 PMCID: PMC10763126 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11766-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic alterations contribute greatly to the development and progression of colorectal cancer, and effect of aberrant miR-622 expression is still controversial. This study aimed to discover miR-622 regulation in CRC proliferation. METHODS miR-622 expression and prognosis were analyzed in clinical CRC samples from Nanfang Hospital. miR-622 regulation on cell cycle and tumor proliferation was discovered, and FOLR2 was screened as functional target of miR-622 using bioinformatics analysis, which was validated via dual luciferase assay and gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS miR-622 overexpression in CRC indicated unfavorable prognosis and it regulated cell cycle to promote tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo. FOLR2 is a specific, functional target of miR-622, which negatively correlates with signature genes in cell cycle process to promote CRC proliferation. CONCLUSIONS miR-622 upregulates cell cycle process by targeting FOLR2 to promote CRC proliferation, proposing a novel mechanism and treatment target in CRC epigenetic regulation of miR-622.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehong Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xinhua Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wenyi Li
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Kejun Li
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Hailang Cai
- Department of Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Shunyi Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Honglei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Chenxi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Shengzhi Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yunhao Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Tingyu Mou
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Shumin Cai
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Jianwei Zhou
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Jiang Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Wang L, Liu X. TMEM120A-mediated regulation of chemotherapy sensitivity in colorectal cancer cells. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2024; 93:11-22. [PMID: 37728615 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-023-04594-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Enhancing chemotherapy sensitivity in colorectal cancer (CRC) is critical for improving treatment outcomes. TMEM120A has been reported to interact with coenzyme A (CoA), but its biological significance in CRC is unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the functional implications of TMEM120A in CRC and its impact on chemotherapy sensitivity. METHODS Stable knockout of TMEM120A in CRC cell lines was conducted using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Overexpression of various derivatives of TMEM120A was achieved through lentiviral transduction. Cell fractionation was employed to isolate the nuclear and cytoplasmic fraction. Total histones were isolated by acid extraction and then subjected to determine histone acetylation levels using western blot analysis. Cell viability was evaluated using the MTS assay. RESULTS We demonstrate that TMEM120A's nuclear localization is crucial for its role in regulating CRC chemosensitivity. Mechanistically, the nuclear subpopulation of TMEM120A plays a key role in sustaining the nuclear CoA levels, which in turn influences the levels of nuclear acetyl-CoA and histone acetylation in CRC cells. Notably, direct inhibition of histone acetylation recapitulated the phenotypic effects observed upon TMEM120A depletion, leading to increased chemosensitivity in CRC cells. CONCLUSION Our study provides novel insights into the role of TMEM120A in modulating chemotherapy sensitivity in CRC. Nuclear TMEM120A regulates CoA levels, which in turn modulates nuclear acetyl-CoA levels and histone acetylation, thereby influencing the response of CRC cells to chemotherapy agents. Targeting TMEM120A-mediated pathways may represent a promising strategy for enhancing chemotherapy efficacy in CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoxia Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qixia City People's Hospital, Qixia, Shandong, China.
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