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Park K, Ju S, Choi H, Gao P, Bang G, Choi JH, Jang J, Morris A, Kang BH, Hsu VW, Park SY. PITPβ promotes COPI vesicle fission through lipid transfer and membrane contact formation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.27.596058. [PMID: 38853868 PMCID: PMC11160616 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.27.596058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Lipid transfer through membrane contact has been implicated to support vesicular transport, but a mechanistic understanding of this process remains to be achieved. Here, examining Coat Protein I (COPI) transport, we find that phosphatidylcholine (PC) with short acyl chains (sPC), which is needed to support COPI vesicle fission, is delivered through membrane contact from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi complex at sites of COPI vesicle formation. Phosphatidylinositol transfer protein beta (PITPβ) plays a central role in this delivery by not only catalyzing PC transfer, but also forming membrane contact. By combining cell-based studies with reconstitution approaches, we achieve spatial and temporal detail in explaining how sPC delivery occurs. Our findings advance the mechanistic understanding of how membrane contact is needed for vesicular transport in a model pathway and shed new insights into how PITPβ acts.
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Chu SL, Huang JR, Chang YT, Yao SY, Yang JS, Hsu VW, Hsu JW. Phosphoglycerate kinase 1 acts as a cargo adaptor to promote EGFR transport to the lysosome. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1021. [PMID: 38310114 PMCID: PMC10838266 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45443-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays important roles in multiple cellular events, including growth, differentiation, and motility. A major mechanism of downregulating EGFR function involves its endocytic transport to the lysosome. Sorting of proteins into intracellular pathways involves cargo adaptors recognizing sorting signals on cargo proteins. A dileucine-based sorting signal has been identified previously for the sorting of endosomal EGFR to the lysosome, but a cargo adaptor that recognizes this signal remains unknown. Here, we find that phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) is recruited to endosomal membrane upon its phosphorylation, where it binds to the dileucine sorting signal in EGFR to promote the lysosomal transport of this receptor. We also elucidate two mechanisms that act in concert to promote PGK1 recruitment to endosomal membrane, a lipid-based mechanism that involves phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2] and a protein-based mechanism that involves hepatocyte growth factor receptor substrate (Hrs). These findings reveal an unexpected function for a metabolic enzyme and advance the mechanistic understanding of how EGFR is transported to the lysosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Ling Chu
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Rong Huang
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tzu Chang
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yun Yao
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Shu Yang
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Victor W Hsu
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Jia-Wei Hsu
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.
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Pang X, Zhang Y, Park K, Liao Z, Li J, Xu J, Hong MT, Yin G, Zhang T, Wang Y, Egelman EH, Fan J, Park SY, Hsu VW, Sun F. Structural elucidation of how ARF small GTPases induce membrane tubulation for vesicle fission. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.19.572083. [PMID: 38187566 PMCID: PMC10769218 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.19.572083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The ADP-Ribosylation Factor (ARF) small GTPases have been found to act in vesicle fission through a direct ability to tubulate membrane. Here, we have used cryo-electron microscopy (EM) to solve the structure of an ARF6 protein lattice assembled on tubulated membrane to 3.9 Å resolution. ARF6 forms tetramers that polymerize into helical arrays to form this lattice. We identify, and confirm functionally, protein contacts critical for this lattice formation. The solved structure also suggests how the ARF amphipathic helix is positioned in the lattice for membrane insertion, and how a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) docks onto the lattice to catalyze ARF-GTP hydrolysis in completing membrane fission. As ARF1 and ARF6 are structurally conserved, we have also modeled ARF1 onto the ARF6 lattice, which has allowed us to pursue the reconstitution of Coat Protein I (COPI) vesicles to confirm more definitively that the ARF lattice acts in vesicle fission. Our findings are notable for having achieved the first detailed glimpse of how a small GTPase bends membrane and having provided a molecular understanding of how an ARF protein acts in vesicle fission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Pang
- National Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Equal contribution
| | - Yan Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Equal contribution
| | - Kunyou Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
- Equal contribution
| | - Zhenyu Liao
- City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jian Li
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Jiashu Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Minh-Triet Hong
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Guoliang Yin
- National Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tongming Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yaoyu Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Edward H Egelman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, VA 22908 USA
| | - Jun Fan
- City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Seung-Yeol Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Victor W Hsu
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Fei Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Center for Biological Imaging, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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Short-Term Starvation Weakens the Efficacy of Cell Cycle Specific Chemotherapy Drugs through G1 Arrest. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032498. [PMID: 36768821 PMCID: PMC9917170 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Short-term starvation (STS) during chemotherapy can block the nutrient supply to tumors and make tumor cells much more sensitive to chemotherapeutic drugs than normal cells. However, because of the diversity of starvation methods and the heterogeneity of tumors, this method's specific effects and mechanisms for chemotherapy are still poorly understood. In this study, we used HeLa cells as a model for short-term starvation and etoposide (ETO) combined treatment, and we also mimicked the short-term starvation effect by knocking down the glycolytic enzyme GAPDH to explore the exact molecular mechanism. In addition, our study demonstrated that short-term starvation protects cancer cells against the chemotherapeutic agent ETO by reducing DNA damage and apoptosis due to the STS-induced cell cycle G1 phase block and S phase reduction, thereby diminishing the effect of ETO. Furthermore, these results suggest that starvation therapy in combination with cell cycle-specific chemotherapeutic agents must be carefully considered.
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Zhao W, Zhang B, Geng Z, Chang Y, Wei J, An S. The uncommon function and mechanism of the common enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in the metamorphosis of Helicoverpa armigera. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1042867. [DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1042867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), a key enzyme in glycolysis, is commonly used as an internal reference gene in humans, mice, and insects. However, the function of GAPDH in insect development, especially in metamorphosis, has not been reported. In the present study, Helicoverpa armigera and Spodoptera frugiperda ovarian cell lines (Sf9 cells) were used as materials to study the function and molecular mechanism of GAPDH in larval metamorphosis. The results showed that HaGAPDH was more closely related to GAPDH of S. frugiperda and Spodoptera litura. The transcript peaks of HaGAPDH in sixth instar larvae were 6L-3 (epidermal and midgut) and 6L-1 (fat body) days, and 20E and methoprene significantly upregulated the transcripts of HaGAPDH of larvae in qRT-PCR. HaGAPDH–GFP–His was specifically localized in mitochondria in Sf9 cells. Knockdown of HaGAPDH by RNA interference (RNAi) in sixth instar larvae resulted in weight loss, increased mortality, and decreases in the pupation rate and emergence rates. HaGAPDH is directly bound to soluble trehalase (HaTreh1) physically and under 20E treatment in yeast two-hybrid, coimmunoprecipitation, and colocalization experiments. In addition, knockdown of HaGAPDH increased the Treh1 activity, which in turn decreased the trehalose content but increased the glucose content in larvae. Therefore, these data demonstrated that GAPDH controlled the glucose content within the normal range to ensure glucose metabolism and metamorphosis by directly binding with HaTreh1.
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Cornett K, Puderbaugh A, Back O, Craven R. GAPDH in neuroblastoma: Functions in metabolism and survival. Front Oncol 2022; 12:979683. [PMID: 36267982 PMCID: PMC9577191 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.979683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a pediatric cancer of neural crest cells. It develops most frequently in nerve cells around the adrenal gland, although other locations are possible. Neuroblastomas rely on glycolysis as a source of energy and metabolites, and the enzymes that catalyze glycolysis are potential therapeutic targets for neuroblastoma. Furthermore, glycolysis provides a protective function against DNA damage, and there is evidence that glycolysis inhibitors may improve outcomes from other cancer treatments. This mini-review will focus on glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), one of the central enzymes in glycolysis. GAPDH has a key role in metabolism, catalyzing the sixth step in glycolysis and generating NADH. GAPDH also has a surprisingly diverse number of localizations, including the nucleus, where it performs multiple functions, and the plasma membrane. One membrane-associated function of GAPDH is stimulating glucose uptake, consistent with a role for GAPDH in energy and metabolite production. The plasma membrane localization of GAPDH and its role in glucose uptake have been verified in neuroblastoma. Membrane-associated GAPDH also participates in iron uptake, although this has not been tested in neuroblastoma. Finally, GAPDH activates autophagy through a nuclear complex with Sirtuin. This review will discuss these activities and their potential role in cancer metabolism, treatment and drug resistance.
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Ge K, Geng Z. Proteomic analysis of the liver regulating lipid metabolism in Chaohu ducks using two-dimensional electrophoresis. Open Life Sci 2022; 17:960-972. [PMID: 36060646 PMCID: PMC9386610 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to characterize the liver protein profile of Chaohu ducks using two-dimensional electrophoresis and proteomics. The livers were quickly collected from 120 healthy, 84-day-old Chaohu ducks. The intramuscular fat (IMF) content of the left pectoralis muscle was determined using the Soxhlet extraction method. The total protein of liver tissues from the high and low IMF groups was extracted for proteomics. Functional enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) was conducted using gene ontology (GO) and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG). In total, 43 DEPs were identified. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that these DEPs were significantly related to four lipid metabolic processes: carboxylic acid metabolic process, ATP metabolic process, oxoacid metabolic process, and organic acid metabolic process. Three pathways correlated with lipid metabolism were identified using KEGG analysis: glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, pentose phosphate pathway, fructose, and mannose metabolism. Eight key proteins associated with lipid metabolism were identified: ALDOB, GAPDH, ENO1, RGN, TPI1, HSPA9, PRDX1, and GPX1. Protein–protein interaction analysis revealed that the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway mediated the interaction relationship. Key proteins and metabolic pathways were closely related to lipid metabolism and showed a strong interaction in Chaohu ducks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Ge
- Department of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, West of Yunlu Bridge, Yu'an District, Liuan, Anhui Province, 237012, China
| | - Zhaoyu Geng
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
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Neurons undergo pathogenic metabolic reprogramming in models of familial ALS. Mol Metab 2022; 60:101468. [PMID: 35248787 PMCID: PMC8958550 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Methods Results Conclusions Our work is the first to perform a comprehensive and quantitative analysis of intermediary metabolism in neurons in the setting of fALS causing gene products. Because the cardinal feature of ALS is death of motor neurons, these new studies are directly relevant to the pathogenesis of ALS. Our functional interrogations begin to unpack how metabolic re-wiring is induced by fALS genes and it will be very interesting, in the future, to gain insight in amino acid fueling of the TCA cycle. We suspect pleiotropic effects of amino acid fueling, and this may lead to very targeted therapeutic interventions.
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Zhang Z, Zeng D, Zhang W, Chen A, Lei J, Liu F, Deng B, Zhuo J, He B, Yan M, Lei X, Wang S, Lam EWF, Liu Q, Wang Z. Modulation of oxidative phosphorylation augments antineoplastic activity of mitotic aurora kinase inhibition. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:893. [PMID: 34593753 PMCID: PMC8484571 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04190-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Uncontrolled mitosis is one of the most important features of cancer, and mitotic kinases are thought to be ideal targets for anticancer therapeutics. However, despite numerous clinical attempts spanning decades, clinical trials for mitotic kinase-targeting agents have generally stalled in the late stages due to limited therapeutic effectiveness. Alisertib (MLN8237) is a promising oral mitotic aurora kinase A (AURKA, Aurora-A) selective inhibitor, which is currently under several clinical evaluations but has failed in its first Phase III trial due to inadequate efficacy. In this study, we performed genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9-based screening to identify vulnerable biological processes associated with alisertib in breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. The result indicated that alisertib treated cancer cells are more sensitive to the genetic perturbation of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Mechanistic investigation indicated that alisertib treatment, as well as other mitotic kinase inhibitors, rapidly reduces the intracellular ATP level to generate a status that is highly addictive to OXPHOS. Furthermore, the combinational inhibition of mitotic kinase and OXPHOS by alisertib, and metformin respectively, generates severe energy exhaustion in mitotic cells that consequently triggers cell death. The combination regimen also enhanced tumor regression significantly in vivo. This suggests that targeting OXPHOS by metformin is a potential strategy for promoting the therapeutic effects of mitotic kinase inhibitors through the joint targeting of mitosis and cellular energy homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Deshun Zeng
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Ailin Chen
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jie Lei
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Bing Deng
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Junxiao Zhuo
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Bin He
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Min Yan
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xinxing Lei
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Shulan Wang
- Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Eric W-F Lam
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Quentin Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
| | - Zifeng Wang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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Ma R, Wu Y, Li S, Yu X. Interplay Between Glucose Metabolism and Chromatin Modifications in Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:654337. [PMID: 33987181 PMCID: PMC8110832 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.654337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells reprogram glucose metabolism to meet their malignant proliferation needs and survival under a variety of stress conditions. The prominent metabolic reprogram is aerobic glycolysis, which can help cells accumulate precursors for biosynthesis of macromolecules. In addition to glycolysis, recent studies show that gluconeogenesis and TCA cycle play important roles in tumorigenesis. Here, we provide a comprehensive review about the role of glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and TCA cycle in tumorigenesis with an emphasis on revealing the novel functions of the relevant enzymes and metabolites. These functions include regulation of cell metabolism, gene expression, cell apoptosis and autophagy. We also summarize the effect of glucose metabolism on chromatin modifications and how this relationship leads to cancer development. Understanding the link between cancer cell metabolism and chromatin modifications will help develop more effective cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Environmental Microbial Technology Center of Hubei, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yinsheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Environmental Microbial Technology Center of Hubei, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Environmental Microbial Technology Center of Hubei, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China.,College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xilan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Environmental Microbial Technology Center of Hubei, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
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Li W, Liu C, Huang Z, Shi L, Zhong C, Zhou W, Meng P, Li Z, Wang S, Luo F, Yan J, Wu T. AKR1B10 negatively regulates autophagy through reducing GAPDH upon glucose starvation in colon cancer. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:237788. [PMID: 33758077 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.255273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is considered to be an important switch for facilitating normal to malignant cell transformation during colorectal cancer development. Consistent with other reports, we found that the membrane receptor Neuropilin1 (NRP1) is greatly upregulated in colon cancer cells that underwent autophagy upon glucose deprivation. However, the mechanism underlying NRP1 regulation of autophagy is unknown. We found that knockdown of NRP1 inhibits autophagy and largely upregulates the expression of aldo-keto reductase family 1 B10 (AKR1B10). Moreover, we demonstrated that AKR1B10 interacts with and inhibits the nuclear importation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), and then subsequently represses autophagy. Interestingly, we also found that an NADPH-dependent reduction reaction could be induced when AKR1B10 interacts with GAPDH, and the reductase activity of AKR1B10 is important for its repression of autophagy. Together, our findings unravel a novel mechanism of NRP1 in regulating autophagy through AKR1B10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanyun Li
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Zilan Huang
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Chuanqi Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cellular Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Wenwen Zhou
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Peipei Meng
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Shengyu Wang
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Fanghong Luo
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Jianghua Yan
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China.,Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China.,Xiamen University Research Center of Retroperitoneal Tumor Committee of Oncology Society of Chinese Medical Association, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China.,Joint Laboratory of Xiamen University School of Medicine and Shanghai Jiangxia Blood Technology Co., Ltd., Xiamen 361000, China
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12
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Sesorova IS, Dimov ID, Kashin AD, Sesorov VV, Karelina NR, Zdorikova MA, Beznoussenko GV, Mirоnоv AA. Cellular and sub-cellular mechanisms of lipid transport from gut to lymph. Tissue Cell 2021; 72:101529. [PMID: 33915359 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although the general structure of the barrier between the gut and the blood is well known, many details are still missing. Here, we analyse the literature and our own data related to lipid transcytosis through adult mammalian enterocytes, and their absorption into lymph at the tissue level of the intestine. After starvation, the Golgi complex (GC) of enterocytes is in a resting state. The addition of lipids in the form of chyme leads to the initial appearance of pre-chylomicrons (ChMs) in the tubules of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum, which are attached at the basolateral plasma membrane, immediately below the 'belt' of the adhesive junctions. Then pre-ChMs move into the cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and then into the expansion of the perforated Golgi cisternae. Next, they pass through the GC, and are concentrated in the distensions of the perforated cisternae on the trans-side of the GC. The arrival of pre-ChMs at the GC leads to the transition of the GC to a state of active transport, with formation of intercisternal connections, attachment of cis-most and trans-most perforated cisternae to the medial Golgi cisternae, and disappearance of COPI vesicles. Post-Golgi carriers then deliver ChMs to the basolateral plasma membrane, fuse with it, and secret ChMs into the intercellular space between enterocytes at the level of their interdigitating contacts. Finally, ChMs are squeezed out into the interstitium through pores in the basal membrane, most likely due to the function of the actin-myosin 'cuff' around the interdigitating contacts. These pores appear to be formed by protrusions of the dendritic cells and the enterocytes per se. ChMs are absorbed from the interstitium into the lymphatic capillaries through the special oblique contacts between endothelial cells, which function as valves through the contraction-relaxation of bundles of smooth muscle cells in the interstitium. Lipid overloading of enterocytes results in accumulation of cytoplasmic lipid droplets, an increase in diameter of ChMs, inhibition of intra-Golgi transport, and fusion of ChMs in the interstitium. Here, we summarise and analyse recent findings, and discuss their functional implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina S Sesorova
- Department of Anatomy, Saint Petersburg State Paediatric Medical University, S. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ivan D Dimov
- Department of Anatomy, Ivanovo State Medical Academy, Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Alexandre D Kashin
- Department of Anatomy, Saint Petersburg State Paediatric Medical University, S. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vitaly V Sesorov
- Department of Anatomy, Saint Petersburg State Paediatric Medical University, S. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Maria A Zdorikova
- Department of Anatomy, Saint Petersburg State Paediatric Medical University, S. Petersburg, Russia
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13
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Liu A, Jia K, Liang H, Jin Q. Comprehensive analysis of autophagy-related genes and patterns of immune cell infiltration in valvular atrial fibrillation. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2021; 21:132. [PMID: 33706714 PMCID: PMC7948357 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-021-01939-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The development of atrial fibrillation (AF) following valvular heart disease (VHD) remains a common disease and is associated with substantial adverse complications. However, valid molecular diagnostic and therapeutic tools for post-VHD AF have not been fully established. This study was conducted to discover the molecular mechanisms and immune microenvironment underlying AF following VHD. Methods Gene expression profiles of the GSE41177 dataset were assessed to construct a protein–protein interaction network, and then, autophagy-related hub genes were identified. In addition, to determine the functions of immune cell infiltration in valvular AF, we used the CIBERSORT algorithm to estimate the composition of 22 immune cell types in valvular heart disease. Finally, correlation analysis was carried out to identify the relationship between differentially expressed autophagy-related genes (DEARGs) and significant immune cell subpopulations to reveal potential regulatory pathways. Results A total of 153 DEARGs were identified in AF-VHD patients compared with controlled donors. Moreover, we screened the top ten hub nodes with the highest degrees through a network analysis. The ten hub nodes were considered hub genes related to AF genesis and progression. Then, we revealed six significant immune cell subpopulations through the CIBERSORT algorithm. Finally, correlation analysis was performed, and six DEARGs (BECN1, GAPDH, ATG7, MAPK3, BCL2L1, and MYC) and three immune cell subpopulations (T cells CD4 memory resting, T cells follicular helper, and neutrophils) were identified as the most significant potential regulators. Conclusion The DEARGs and immune cells identified in our study may be critical in AF development following VHD and provide potential predictive markers and therapeutic targets for determining a treatment strategy for AF patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12872-021-01939-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Shanghai Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Kangni Jia
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Shanghai Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Huaibin Liang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Shanghai Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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14
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Hsu JW, Bai M, Li K, Yang JS, Chu N, Cole PA, Eck MJ, Li J, Hsu VW. The protein kinase Akt acts as a coat adaptor in endocytic recycling. Nat Cell Biol 2020; 22:927-933. [PMID: 32541877 PMCID: PMC7415567 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-020-0530-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Coat proteins play a central role in vesicular transport by binding to cargoes for their sorting into intracellular pathways. Cargo recognition is mediated by components of the coat complex known as adaptor proteins1–3. We previously showed that ACAP1 (ArfGAP with Coil-coil Ankyrin repeat Protein 1) functions as an adaptor for a clathrin coat complex acting in endocytic recycling4–6. Here, we find that the protein kinase Akt acts as a co-adaptor in this complex, needed in conjunction with ACAP1 to bind cargo proteins for their recycling. Besides advancing the understanding of endocytic recycling, our findings uncover a fundamentally different way that a kinase acts, being an effector rather than a regulator in a cellular event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wei Hsu
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ming Bai
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kunhua Li
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jia-Shu Yang
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nam Chu
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Departments of Medicine and Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Philip A Cole
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Departments of Medicine and Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael J Eck
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jian Li
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Victor W Hsu
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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15
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Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase is a Multifaceted Therapeutic Target. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12050416. [PMID: 32370188 PMCID: PMC7285110 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12050416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is a glycolytic enzyme whose role in cell metabolism and homeostasis is well defined, while its function in pathologic processes needs further elucidation. Depending on the cell context, GAPDH may bind a number of physiologically important proteins, control their function and correspondingly affect the cell’s fate. These interprotein interactions and post-translational modifications of GAPDH mediate its cytotoxic or cytoprotective functions in the manner of a Janus-like molecule. In this review, we discuss the functional features of the enzyme in cellular physiology and its possible involvement in human pathologies. In the last part of the article, we describe drugs that can be employed to modulate this enzyme’s function in some pathologic states.
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16
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Moniruzzaman M, Martinez-Gutierrez CA, Weinheimer AR, Aylward FO. Dynamic genome evolution and complex virocell metabolism of globally-distributed giant viruses. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1710. [PMID: 32249765 PMCID: PMC7136201 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15507-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of eukaryotic giant viruses has transformed our understanding of the limits of viral complexity, but the extent of their encoded metabolic diversity remains unclear. Here we generate 501 metagenome-assembled genomes of Nucleo-Cytoplasmic Large DNA Viruses (NCLDV) from environments around the globe, and analyze their encoded functional capacity. We report a remarkable diversity of metabolic genes in widespread giant viruses, including many involved in nutrient uptake, light harvesting, and nitrogen metabolism. Surprisingly, numerous NCLDV encode the components of glycolysis and the TCA cycle, suggesting that they can re-program fundamental aspects of their host's central carbon metabolism. Our phylogenetic analysis of NCLDV metabolic genes and their cellular homologs reveals distinct clustering of viral sequences into divergent clades, indicating that these genes are virus-specific and were acquired in the distant past. Overall our findings reveal that giant viruses encode complex metabolic capabilities with evolutionary histories largely independent of cellular life, strongly implicating them as important drivers of global biogeochemical cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alaina R Weinheimer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Frank O Aylward
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
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17
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Two‐Dimensional Tin Selenide (SnSe) Nanosheets Capable of Mimicking Key Dehydrogenases in Cellular Metabolism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:3618-3623. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201913035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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18
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Gao M, Wang Z, Zheng H, Wang L, Xu S, Liu X, Li W, Pan Y, Wang W, Cai X, Wu R, Gao X, Li R. Two‐Dimensional Tin Selenide (SnSe) Nanosheets Capable of Mimicking Key Dehydrogenases in Cellular Metabolism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201913035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSchool for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X)Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of, Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsSoochow University Suzhou 215123 Jiangsu China
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringJiangxi Normal University Nanchang 330022 China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and NanosafetyNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology No 11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao 100190 Beijing China
| | - Huizhen Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSchool for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X)Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of, Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsSoochow University Suzhou 215123 Jiangsu China
| | - Li Wang
- Laboratory of High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry TechnologiesDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Dalian 116023 China
| | - Shujuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSchool for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X)Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of, Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsSoochow University Suzhou 215123 Jiangsu China
| | - Xi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSchool for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X)Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of, Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsSoochow University Suzhou 215123 Jiangsu China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSchool for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X)Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of, Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsSoochow University Suzhou 215123 Jiangsu China
| | - Yanxia Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSchool for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X)Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of, Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsSoochow University Suzhou 215123 Jiangsu China
| | - Weili Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSchool for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X)Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of, Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsSoochow University Suzhou 215123 Jiangsu China
| | - Xiaoming Cai
- School of Public HealthJiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric DiseasesSoochow University Suzhou 215123 Jiangsu China
| | - Ren'an Wu
- Laboratory of High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry TechnologiesDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Dalian 116023 China
| | - Xingfa Gao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringJiangxi Normal University Nanchang 330022 China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and NanosafetyNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology No 11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao 100190 Beijing China
| | - Ruibin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSchool for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X)Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of, Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsSoochow University Suzhou 215123 Jiangsu China
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19
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Kalesh K, Denny PW. A BONCAT-iTRAQ method enables temporally resolved quantitative profiling of newly synthesised proteins in Leishmania mexicana parasites during starvation. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007651. [PMID: 31856154 PMCID: PMC6939940 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptation to starvation is integral to the Leishmania life cycle. The parasite can survive prolonged periods of nutrient deprivation both in vitro and in vivo. The identification of parasite proteins synthesised during starvation is key to unravelling the underlying molecular mechanisms facilitating adaptation to these conditions. Additionally, as stress adaptation mechanisms in Leishmania are linked to virulence as well as infectivity, profiling of the complete repertoire of Newly Synthesised Proteins (NSPs) under starvation is important for drug target discovery. However, differential identification and quantitation of low abundance, starvation-specific NSPs from the larger background of the pre-existing parasite proteome has proven difficult, as this demands a highly selective and sensitive methodology. Herein we introduce an integrated chemical proteomics method in L. mexicana promastigotes that involves a powerful combination of the BONCAT technique and iTRAQ quantitative proteomics Mass Spectrometry (MS), which enabled temporally resolved quantitative profiling of de novo protein synthesis in the starving parasite. Uniquely, this approach integrates the high specificity of the BONCAT technique for the NSPs, with the high sensitivity and multiplexed quantitation capability of the iTRAQ proteomics MS. Proof-of-concept experiments identified over 250 starvation-responsive NSPs in the parasite. Our results show a starvation-specific increased relative abundance of several translation regulating and stress-responsive proteins in the parasite. GO analysis of the identified NSPs for Biological Process revealed translation (enrichment P value 2.47e-35) and peptide biosynthetic process (enrichment P value 4.84e-35) as extremely significantly enriched terms indicating the high specificity of the NSP towards regulation of protein synthesis. We believe that this approach will find widespread use in the study of the developmental stages of Leishmania species and in the broader field of protozoan biology. Periodic nutrient scarcity plays crucial roles in the life cycle of the protozoan parasite Leishmania spp. Although adaptation to nutrient stress has a pivotal role in Leishmania biology, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In a period of nutrient starvation, the parasite responds by decreasing its protein production to conserve nutrient resources and to prevent formation of toxic proteins. However, even during severe starvation, the parasite generates certain essential quality control and rescue proteins. Differential identification of the complete repertoire of these proteins synthesised during starvation from the pre-existing proteins in the parasite holds the key to understanding the starvation adaptation mechanisms. This has been challenging to accomplish due to technical limitations. Using a combination of chemical labelling techniques and protein mass-spectrometry, we selectively identified and measured the proteins generated in the starving Leishmania parasite. Our results show a starvation time-dependent differential expression of important protein synthesis regulators in the parasite. This will serve as an important dataset for a holistic understanding of the starvation adaptation mechanisms in Leishmania. We also believe that this method will find widespread applications in the field of protozoa and other parasites causing Neglected Tropical Diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karunakaran Kalesh
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Paul W. Denny
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
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20
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Miao L, Chen C, Yao L, Tran J, Zhang H. Genome-wide identification, characterization, interaction network and expression profile of GAPDH gene family in sweet orange ( Citrus sinensis). PeerJ 2019; 7:e7934. [PMID: 31741784 PMCID: PMC6858985 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is a key glycolytic enzyme that plays important roles in multiple cellular processes including phytohormone signaling, plant development, and transcriptional regulation. Although GAPDH genes have been well characterized in various plant species such as Arabidopsis, tobacco, wheat, rice, and watermelon, comprehensive analysis has yet to be completed at the whole genome level in sweet orange (Citrus sinensis). In this study, six GAPDH genes distributed across four chromosomes were identified within the sweet orange genome. Their gene structures, conserved subunits, and subcellular localization were also characterized. Cis-element analysis of CsGAPDHs’ promoter regions and the results of dark treatments indicate that CsGAPDH may be involved in photosynthesis. CsGAPDH genes expressed either in a tissue-specific manner or constitutively were ultimately identified along with their expression response to phosphorus deficiency treatments. In addition, a dual-luciferase transient assay was performed to reveal the transcriptional activation of CsGAPDH proteins. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis for proteins interacting with CsGAPDHs helped to uncover the roles these CsGAPDHs play in other plant processes such as citrus seed germination. This study provides a systematic analysis of the CsGAPDH gene family in the sweet orange genome, which can serve as a strong foundation for further research into the biochemical properties and physiological functions of CsGAPDHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Miao
- Huazhong Agricultural University, College of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunli Chen
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Wuhan, China
| | - Li Yao
- Huazhong Agricultural University, College of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jaclyn Tran
- The University of Texas at Austin, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Austin, TX, USA.,The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Molecular Biosciences, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Hua Zhang
- Huazhong Agricultural University, College of Resources and Environment, Wuhan, China
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21
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Thottacherry JJ, Sathe M, Prabhakara C, Mayor S. Spoiled for Choice: Diverse Endocytic Pathways Function at the Cell Surface. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 2019; 35:55-84. [PMID: 31283376 PMCID: PMC6917507 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-100617-062710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Endocytosis has long been identified as a key cellular process involved in bringing in nutrients, in clearing cellular debris in tissue, in the regulation of signaling, and in maintaining cell membrane compositional homeostasis. While clathrin-mediated endocytosis has been most extensively studied, a number of clathrin-independent endocytic pathways are continuing to be delineated. Here we provide a current survey of the different types of endocytic pathways available at the cell surface and discuss a new classification and plausible molecular mechanisms for some of the less characterized pathways. Along with an evolutionary perspective of the origins of some of these pathways, we provide an appreciation of the distinct roles that these pathways play in various aspects of cellular physiology, including the control of signaling and membrane tension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Jose Thottacherry
- National Centre for Biological Science, Tata Institute for Fundamental Research, Bangalore 560065, India;
| | - Mugdha Sathe
- National Centre for Biological Science, Tata Institute for Fundamental Research, Bangalore 560065, India;
| | - Chaitra Prabhakara
- National Centre for Biological Science, Tata Institute for Fundamental Research, Bangalore 560065, India;
| | - Satyajit Mayor
- National Centre for Biological Science, Tata Institute for Fundamental Research, Bangalore 560065, India;
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, 560065, India
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22
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ALDH7A1 inhibits the intracellular transport pathways during hypoxia and starvation to promote cellular energy homeostasis. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4068. [PMID: 31492851 PMCID: PMC6731274 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11932-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) family of metabolic enzymes converts aldehydes to carboxylates. Here, we find that the reductive consequence of ALDH7A1 activity, which generates NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, reduced form) from NAD, underlies how ALDH7A1 coordinates a broad inhibition of the intracellular transport pathways. Studying vesicle formation by the Coat Protein I (COPI) complex, we elucidate that NADH generated by ALDH7A1 targets Brefeldin-A ADP-Ribosylated Substrate (BARS) to inhibit COPI vesicle fission. Moreover, defining a physiologic role for the broad transport inhibition exerted by ALDH7A1, we find that it acts to reduce energy consumption during hypoxia and starvation to promote cellular energy homeostasis. These findings advance the understanding of intracellular transport by revealing how the coordination of multiple pathways can be achieved, and also defining circumstances when such coordination is needed, as well as uncovering an unexpected way that NADH acts in cellular energetics. Intracellular vesicle transport can be regulated by Brefeldin‐A ADP‐Ribosylated Substrate (BARS) during vesicle fission. Here, the authors show that NADH generated by aldehyde dehydrogenase 7A1 (ALDH7A1) inhibits intracellular transport by targeting BARS and inhibiting COPI vesicle fission during situations of energy deprivation
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23
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Yang JS, Hsu JW, Park SY, Lee SY, Li J, Bai M, Alves C, Tseng W, Michelet X, Ho IC, Hsu VW. ALDH7A1 inhibits the intracellular transport pathways during hypoxia and starvation to promote cellular energy homeostasis. Nat Commun 2019. [PMID: 31492851 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11932-11930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) family of metabolic enzymes converts aldehydes to carboxylates. Here, we find that the reductive consequence of ALDH7A1 activity, which generates NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, reduced form) from NAD, underlies how ALDH7A1 coordinates a broad inhibition of the intracellular transport pathways. Studying vesicle formation by the Coat Protein I (COPI) complex, we elucidate that NADH generated by ALDH7A1 targets Brefeldin-A ADP-Ribosylated Substrate (BARS) to inhibit COPI vesicle fission. Moreover, defining a physiologic role for the broad transport inhibition exerted by ALDH7A1, we find that it acts to reduce energy consumption during hypoxia and starvation to promote cellular energy homeostasis. These findings advance the understanding of intracellular transport by revealing how the coordination of multiple pathways can be achieved, and also defining circumstances when such coordination is needed, as well as uncovering an unexpected way that NADH acts in cellular energetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Shu Yang
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Jia-Wei Hsu
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Seung-Yeol Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Stella Y Lee
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Jian Li
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ming Bai
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Claudia Alves
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - William Tseng
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Xavier Michelet
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - I-Cheng Ho
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Victor W Hsu
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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24
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Arakel EC, Huranova M, Estrada AF, Rau EM, Spang A, Schwappach B. Dissection of GTPase-activating proteins reveals functional asymmetry in the COPI coat of budding yeast. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.232124. [PMID: 31331965 PMCID: PMC6737914 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.232124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Arf GTPase controls formation of the COPI vesicle coat. Recent structural models of COPI revealed the positioning of two Arf1 molecules in contrasting molecular environments. Each of these pockets for Arf1 is expected to also accommodate an Arf GTPase-activating protein (ArfGAP). Structural evidence and protein interactions observed between isolated domains indirectly suggest that each niche preferentially recruits one of the two ArfGAPs known to affect COPI, i.e. Gcs1/ArfGAP1 and Glo3/ArfGAP2/3, although only partial structures are available. The functional role of the unique non-catalytic domain of either ArfGAP has not been integrated into the current COPI structural model. Here, we delineate key differences in the consequences of triggering GTP hydrolysis through the activity of one versus the other ArfGAP. We demonstrate that Glo3/ArfGAP2/3 specifically triggers Arf1 GTP hydrolysis impinging on the stability of the COPI coat. We show that the Snf1 kinase complex, the yeast homologue of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), phosphorylates the region of Glo3 that is crucial for this effect and, thereby, regulates its function in the COPI-vesicle cycle. Our results revise the model of ArfGAP function in the molecular context of COPI. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper. Highlighted Article: The regulatory domain of the COPI-associated ArfGAP Glo3 can stabilize the COPI coat. GTP hydrolysis is necessary to resolve the stabilised state. This mechanism is regulated by phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric C Arakel
- Department of Molecular Biology, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martina Huranova
- Growth and Development, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Alejandro F Estrada
- Growth and Development, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - E-Ming Rau
- Growth and Development, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anne Spang
- Growth and Development, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Blanche Schwappach
- Department of Molecular Biology, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen, Germany .,Max-Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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25
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Popa S, Villeneuve J, Stewart S, Perez Garcia E, Petrunkina Harrison A, Moreau K. Genome-wide CRISPR screening identifies new regulators of glycoprotein secretion. Wellcome Open Res 2019; 4:119. [PMID: 32030357 PMCID: PMC6979480 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15232.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The fundamental process of protein secretion from eukaryotic cells has been well described for many years, yet gaps in our understanding of how this process is regulated remain. Methods: With the aim of identifying novel genes involved in the secretion of glycoproteins, we used a screening pipeline consisting of a pooled genome-wide CRISPR screen, followed by secondary siRNA screening of the hits to identify and validate several novel regulators of protein secretion. Results: We present approximately 50 novel genes not previously associated with protein secretion, many of which also had an effect on the structure of the Golgi apparatus. We further studied a small selection of hits to investigate their subcellular localisation. One of these, GPR161, is a novel Golgi-resident protein that we propose maintains Golgi structure via an interaction with golgin A5. Conclusions: This study has identified new factors for protein secretion involved in Golgi homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Popa
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Julien Villeneuve
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Sarah Stewart
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Esther Perez Garcia
- NIHR Cambridge BRC Cell Phenotyping Hub, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Anna Petrunkina Harrison
- NIHR Cambridge BRC Cell Phenotyping Hub, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Kevin Moreau
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
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Popa S, Villeneuve J, Stewart S, Perez Garcia E, Petrunkina Harrison A, Moreau K. Genome-wide CRISPR screening identifies new regulators of glycoprotein secretion. Wellcome Open Res 2019; 4:119. [PMID: 32030357 PMCID: PMC6979480 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15232.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The fundamental process of protein secretion from eukaryotic cells has been well described for many years, yet gaps in our understanding of how this process is regulated remain. Methods: With the aim of identifying novel genes involved in the secretion of glycoproteins, we used a screening pipeline consisting of a pooled genome-wide CRISPR screen, followed by secondary siRNA screening of the hits to identify and validate several novel regulators of protein secretion. Results: We present approximately 50 novel genes not previously associated with protein secretion, many of which also had an effect on the structure of the Golgi apparatus. We further studied a small selection of hits to investigate their subcellular localisation. One of these, GPR161, is a novel Golgi-resident protein that we propose maintains Golgi structure via an interaction with golgin A5. Conclusions: This study has identified new factors for protein secretion involved in Golgi homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Popa
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Julien Villeneuve
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Sarah Stewart
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Esther Perez Garcia
- NIHR Cambridge BRC Cell Phenotyping Hub, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Anna Petrunkina Harrison
- NIHR Cambridge BRC Cell Phenotyping Hub, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Kevin Moreau
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
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