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Liu P, Wang C, Zhang D, Wang X, Duan D, Liu Z, Cui T. Strategies for improving the superconductivity of hydrides under high pressure. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:353001. [PMID: 38754446 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad4ccc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The successful prediction and confirmation of unprecedentedly high-temperature superconductivity in compressed hydrogen-rich hydrides signify a remarkable advancement in the continuous quest for attaining room-temperature superconductivity. The recent studies have established a broad scope for developing binary and ternary hydrides and illustrated correlation between specific hydrogen motifs and high-Tcs under high pressures. The analysis of the microscopic mechanism of superconductivity in hydrides suggests that the high electronic density of states at the Fermi level (EF), the large phonon energy scale of the vibration modes and the resulting enhanced electron-phonon coupling are crucial contributors towards the high-Tcphonon-mediated superconductors. The aim of our efforts is to tackle forthcoming challenges associated with elevating theTcand reducing the stabilization pressures of hydrogen-based superconductors, and offer insights for the future discoveries of room-temperature superconductors. Our present Review offers an overview and analysis of the latest advancements in predicting and experimentally synthesizing various crystal structures, while also exploring strategies to enhance the superconductivity and reducing their stabilization pressures of hydrogen-rich hydrides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengye Liu
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Wang
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Daoyuan Zhang
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Defang Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Cui
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
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2
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Tang BL. Publishing important work that lacks validity or reproducibility - pushing frontiers or corrupting science? Account Res 2024:1-21. [PMID: 38698587 DOI: 10.1080/08989621.2024.2345714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Scientific research requires objectivity, impartiality and stringency. However, scholarly literature is littered with preliminary and explorative findings that lack reproducibility or validity. Some low-quality papers with perceived high impact have become publicly notable. The collective effort of fellow researchers who follow these false leads down blind alleys and impasses is a waste of time and resources, and this is particularly damaging for early career researchers. Furthermore, the lay public might also be affected by socioeconomic repercussions associated with the findings. It is arguable that the nature of scientific research is such that its frontiers are moved and shaped by cycles of published claims inducing in turn rounds of validation by others. Using recent example cases of room-temperature superconducting materials research, I argue instead that publication of perceptibly important or spectacular claims that lack reproducibility or validity is epistemically and socially irresponsible. This is even more so if authors refuse to share research materials and raw data for verification by others. Such acts do not advance, but would instead corrupt science, and should be prohibited by consensual governing rules on material and data sharing within the research community, with malpractices appropriately sanctioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bor Luen Tang
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
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3
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Wong D, Harding S, Johnson M. The future of academic integrity in the age of artificial intelligence. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2024; 262:1375-1376. [PMID: 38558259 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-024-06385-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David Wong
- Department of Eye and Visual Science, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK.
| | - Simon Harding
- Department of Eye and Visual Science, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
| | - Mark Johnson
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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4
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Garisto D. Judge dismisses superconductivity physicist's lawsuit against university. Nature 2024:10.1038/d41586-024-01231-0. [PMID: 38671275 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-01231-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
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5
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Retractions are part of science, but misconduct isn't - lessons from a superconductivity lab. Nature 2024; 628:689-690. [PMID: 38658690 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-01174-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
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6
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Garisto D. Superconductivity scandal: the inside story of deception in a rising star's physics lab. Nature 2024:10.1038/d41586-024-00716-2. [PMID: 38459343 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00716-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
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7
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Yuan W, Yang X, Li S, Feng C, Chen B, Chang Y, Li D. A systematic study on the phase diagram and superconductivity of ternary clathrate Ca-Sc-H at high pressures. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:3408-3414. [PMID: 38204403 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05086f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
This work explores potential high-temperature superconductor materials in hydrogen-rich systems. Here, the crystal structure stabilities of ternary Ca-Sc-H systems under high-pressure (P = 100-250 GPa) and their superconductivities are investigated using the particle swarm optimization methodology combined with first-principles calculations. For the predicted candidate structures of Ca-Sc-H systems, the pressure-dependent phase diagram and thermodynamic convex hull were investigated across a wide range of compositions; the electronic properties of all the predicted phases were analyzed in detail to study the bonding behavior of these stable phases. We identified the crystal structures of four thermodynamically stable compounds: R3̄m-CaScH6, Immm-CaSc2H9,C2/m-Ca2ScH10, and R3̄m-CaScH12. Among them, R3̄m-CaScH12 was predicted to have the highest Tc value (i.e., 173 K) at 200 GPa. The discovery of this previously unreported pressure-induced decomposition of Ca-Sc-H systems will pave the way for investigations on the nature of hydrogen-metal interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Yuan
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China.
| | - Xu Yang
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China.
| | - Shichang Li
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China.
| | - Chunbao Feng
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China.
| | - Bole Chen
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China.
| | - Ying Chang
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China.
| | - Dengfeng Li
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China.
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8
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Eremets MI, Minkov VS, Drozdov AP, Kong PP. The characterization of superconductivity under high pressure. NATURE MATERIALS 2024; 23:26-27. [PMID: 38172551 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-023-01769-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- M I Eremets
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie, Mainz, Germany.
| | - V S Minkov
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie, Mainz, Germany
| | - A P Drozdov
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie, Mainz, Germany
| | - P P Kong
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie, Mainz, Germany
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9
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Wines D, Choudhary K. Data-driven Design of High Pressure Hydride Superconductors using DFT and Deep Learning. MATERIALS FUTURES 2024; 3:10.1088/2752-5724/ad4a94. [PMID: 38841205 PMCID: PMC11151870 DOI: 10.1088/2752-5724/ad4a94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The observation of superconductivity in hydride-based materials under ultrahigh pressures (for example, H3S and LaH10) has fueled the interest in a more data-driven approach to discovering new high-pressure hydride superconductors. In this work, we performed density functional theory (DFT) calculations to predict the critical temperature (Tc) of over 900 hydride materials under a pressure range of (0 to 500) GPa, where we found 122 dynamically stable structures with a Tc above MgB2 (39 K). To accelerate screening, we trained a graph neural network (GNN) model to predict Tc and demonstrated that a universal machine learned force-field can be used to relax hydride structures under arbitrary pressures, with significantly reduced cost. By combining DFT and GNNs, we can establish a more complete map of hydrides under pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wines
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Kamal Choudhary
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
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10
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Castelvecchi D. Nature retracts controversial superconductivity paper by embattled physicist. Nature 2023:10.1038/d41586-023-03398-4. [PMID: 37935863 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-023-03398-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
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11
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Cartlidge E. Why a blockbuster superconductivity claim met a wall of scepticism. Nature 2023; 621:26-30. [PMID: 37673994 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-023-02733-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
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12
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Zhou X, Zhao MH, Yao SM, Dong H, Wang Y, Chen B, Xing X, Li MR. Calibration of local chemical pressure by optical probe. Natl Sci Rev 2023; 10:nwad190. [PMID: 37565188 PMCID: PMC10411671 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemical stabilization of a high-pressure metastable state is a major challenge for the development of advanced materials. Although chemical pressure (Pchem) can effectively simulate the effect of physical pressure (Pphy), experimental calibration of the pressure passed to local structural motifs, denoted as local chemical pressure (Pchem-Δ) which significantly governs the function of solid materials, remains absent due to the challenge of probing techniques. Here we establish an innovative methodology to experimentally calibrate the Pchem-Δ and build a bridge between Pchem and Pphy via an optical probe strategy. Site-selective Bi3+-traced REVO4 (RE = Y, Gd) is adopted as a prototype to introduce Bi3+ optical probes and on-site sense of the Pchem-Δ experienced by the REO8 motif. The cell compression of RE0.98Bi0.02VO4 under Pphy is chemically simulated by smaller-ion substitution (Sc3+ → RE3+) in RE0.98-xScxBi0.02VO4. The consistent red shift (Δλ) of the emission spectra of Bi3+, which is dominated by locally pressure-induced REO8 dodecahedral variation in RE0.98Bi0.02VO4 (Pphy) and RE0.98-xScxBi0.02VO4 (Pchem-Δ), respectively, is evidence of their similar pressure-dependent local structure evolution. This innovative Δλ-based experimental calibration of Pchem-Δ in the crystal-field dimension portrays the anisotropic transmission of Pchem to the local structure and builds a bridge between Pchem-Δ and Pphy to guide a new perspective for affordable and practical interception of metastable states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Mei-Huan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Shan-Ming Yao
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Hongliang Dong
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xianran Xing
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Institute of Solid State Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Man-Rong Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- School of Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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13
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Garisto D. 'A very disturbing picture': another retraction imminent for controversial physicist. Nature 2023; 620:14-16. [PMID: 37491414 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-023-02401-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
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14
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Morgan HWT, Alexandrova AN. Structures of LaH 10, EuH 9, and UH 8 superhydrides rationalized by electron counting and Jahn-Teller distortions in a covalent cluster model. Chem Sci 2023; 14:6679-6687. [PMID: 37350837 PMCID: PMC10283509 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc00900a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The superconducting hydrides LaH10, EuH9 and UH8 are studied using chemically intuitive bonding analysis of periodic and molecular models. We find trends in the crystallographic and electronic structures of the materials by focusing on chemically meaningful building blocks in the predicted H sublattices. Atomic charge calculations, using two complementary techniques, allow us to assign oxidation states to the metals and divide the H sublattice into neutral and anionic components. Cubic [H8]q- clusters are an important structural motif, and molecular orbital analysis of this cluster in isolation shows the crystal structures to be consistent with our oxidation state assignments. Crystal orbital Hamilton population analysis confirms the applicability of the cluster model to the periodic electronic structure. A Jahn-Teller distortion predicted by MO analysis rationalises the distortion observed in a prior study of EuH9. The impact of this distortion on superconductivity is determined, and implications for crystal structure prediction in other metal-hydrogen systems are discussed. Additionally, the performance of electronic structure analysis methods at high pressures are tested and recommendations for future studies are given. These results demonstrate the value of simple bonding models in rationalizing chemical structures under extreme conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry W T Morgan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles California 90095-1569 USA
| | - Anastassia N Alexandrova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles California 90095-1569 USA
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15
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Asrafusjaman M, Islam J, Rahman MA, Hossain AKMA. Investigation of the Influence of Pressure on the Physical Properties and Superconducting Transition Temperature of Chiral Noncentrosymmetric TaRh 2B 2 and NbRh 2B 2. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:21813-21822. [PMID: 37360420 PMCID: PMC10286279 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
TaRh2B2 and NbRh2B2 compounds exhibit noncentrosymmetric superconductivity with a chiral structure. Density functional theory-based ab-initio calculations have been executed to analyze the structural properties, mechanical stability, ductility/brittleness behaviors, Debye temperature, melting temperature, optical response to incident photon energy, electronic characteristics, and superconducting transition temperature of chiral TaRh2B2 and NbRh2B2 compounds under pressure up to 16 GPa. Both the chiral phases are mechanically stable and exhibit ductile nature under the studied pressure. The maximum value of the Pugh ratio (an indicator of ductile/brittle behaviors) is observed to be 2.55 (for NbRh2B2) and 2.52 (for TaRh2B2) at 16 GPa. The lowest value of the Pugh ratio is noticed at 0 GPa for both these chiral compounds. The analysis of reflectivity spectra suggests that both the chiral compounds can be used as efficient reflecting materials in the visible energy region. At 0 GPa, the calculated densities of states (DOSs) at the Fermi level are found to be 1.59 and 2.13 states eV-1 per formula unit for TaRh2B2 and NbRh2B2, respectively. The DOS values of both the chiral phases do not alter significantly with applied pressure. The shape of the DOS curve of both compounds remains almost invariant with applied pressure. The pressure-induced variation of Debye temperatures of both compounds is observed, which may cause the alternation of the superconducting transition temperature, Tc, with applied pressure. The probable changing of Tc with pressure has been analyzed from the McMillan equation.
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16
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Choi IH, Jeong SG, Min T, Lee J, Choi WS, Lee JS. Giant Enhancement of Electron-Phonon Coupling in Dimensionality-Controlled SrRuO 3 Heterostructures. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2300012. [PMID: 37052542 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Electrons in crystals interact closely with quantized lattice degree of freedom, determining fundamental electrodynamic behaviors and versatile correlated functionalities. However, the strength of the electron-phonon interaction is so far determined as an intrinsic value of a given material, restricting the development of potential electronic and phononic applications employing the tunable coupling strength. Here, it is demonstrated that the electron-phonon coupling in SrRuO3 can be largely controlled by multiple intuitive tuning knobs available in synthetic crystals. The coupling strength of quasi-2D SrRuO3 is enhanced by ≈300-fold compared with that of bulk SrRuO3 . This enormous enhancement is attributed to the non-local nature of the electron-phonon coupling within the well-defined synthetic atomic network, which becomes dominant in the limit of the 2D electronic state. These results provide valuable opportunities for engineering the electron-phonon coupling, leading to a deeper understanding of the strongly coupled charge and lattice dynamics in quantum materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Hyeok Choi
- Department of Physics and Photon Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Gyo Jeong
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Taewon Min
- Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaekwang Lee
- Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Seok Choi
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Seok Lee
- Department of Physics and Photon Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
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17
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Pei C, Zhang J, Wang Q, Zhao Y, Gao L, Gong C, Tian S, Luo R, Li M, Yang W, Lu ZY, Lei H, Liu K, Qi Y. Pressure-induced superconductivity at 32 K in MoB 2. Natl Sci Rev 2023; 10:nwad034. [PMID: 37260928 PMCID: PMC10228782 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of superconductivity in MgB2 (Tc ∼ 39 K), the search for superconductivity in related materials with similar structures or ingredients has never stopped. Although about 100 binary borides have been explored, only a few of them show superconductivity with relatively low Tc. In this work, we report the discovery of superconductivity up to 32 K, which is the highest Tc in transition-metal borides, in MoB2 under pressure. The Tc of MoB2 in the α phase can be well explained by theoretical calculations in the framework of electron-phonon coupling. Furthermore, the coupling between the d electrons of Mo and the out-of-plane Mo-phonon modes are the main driving force of the 32 K superconductivity of MoB2. Our study sheds light on the exploration of high-Tc superconductors in transition metal borides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiying Pei
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Functional Materials & Micro-nano Devices, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Functional Materials & Micro-nano Devices, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
- ShanghaiTech Laboratory for Topological Physics, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Lingling Gao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Chunsheng Gong
- Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Functional Materials & Micro-nano Devices, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Shangjie Tian
- Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Functional Materials & Micro-nano Devices, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Ruitao Luo
- Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Functional Materials & Micro-nano Devices, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Mingtao Li
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wenge Yang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhong-Yi Lu
- Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Functional Materials & Micro-nano Devices, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Hechang Lei
- Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Functional Materials & Micro-nano Devices, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Functional Materials & Micro-nano Devices, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Yanpeng Qi
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- ShanghaiTech Laboratory for Topological Physics, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of High-resolution Electron Microscopy, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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18
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Zheng XH, Zheng JX. On the use of Monkhorst-Pack scheme to evaluate superconductivity and the issue of umklapp electron-phonon interactions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:13049-13060. [PMID: 37114344 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp01053h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
The Monkhorst-Pack scheme is a method to save time in the days of slow computers. It excludes umklapp phonons with significant consequences. Its widespread application to evaluate superconductivity arises from the desire to reduce phonon contributions to solve a historical difficulty of the BCS theory. An alternative method turns out to be more accurate in Pb and Pd.
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Affiliation(s)
- X H Zheng
- Department of Physics, Queen's University of Belfast, BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - J X Zheng
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, England, UK
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19
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Takami T, Pattanathummasid C, Kutana A, Asahi R. Challenges for fluoride superionic conductors: fundamentals, design, and applications. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2023; 35. [PMID: 37023776 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/accb32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Electronics, which harnesses the properties of electrons, has made remarkable progress since its inception and is a cornerstone of modern society. Ionics, which exploits the properties of ions, has also had a profound impact, as demonstrated by the award of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2019 for achievements related to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Ionic conduction in solids is the flow of carrier ions through a solid owing to an electrical or chemical bias. Some ionic materials have been studied intensively because their ionic conductivities are higher than those of liquids, even though they are solids. Among various conductive species, fluoride ions are the most promising charge carriers for fluoride-ion batteries (FIBs) as post LIBs. Increasing fluoride-ion conductivity toward the superionic conductive region at room temperature would be a breakthrough for the room-temperature operation of all-solid-state FIBs. This review focuses on fluoride-ion conductors, from the general concept of ions to the characteristics of fluoride ions. Fluoride-ion conductors are classified according to material type and form, and our current understanding, identification of problems, and future directions are discussed from experimental and theoretical physics perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Takami
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida-nihonmatsu-cho, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Chanachai Pattanathummasid
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida-nihonmatsu-cho, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Alex Kutana
- Institute of Materials Innovation, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
| | - Ryoji Asahi
- Institute of Materials Innovation, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
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Hirsch JE. Comment on "Carbon content drives high temperature superconductivity in a carbonaceous sulfur hydride below 100 GPa" by G. A. Smith, Ines E. Collings, E. Snider, D. Smith, J. S. Smith, M. White, E. Jones, P. Ellison, K. V. Lawler, R. P. Dias and A. Salamat, Chem. Commun., 2002, 58, 9064. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:5765-5770. [PMID: 37083704 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc05277f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Experimental data supporting the claim that a carbonaceous sulfur hydride (CSH) under pressure is a high temperature superconductor were presented. Here we report results of a mathematical analysis that indicates that with probability larger than 1-10-338 some of those data were not measured in a laboratory, contrary to what the papers claim. This finding undermines confidence in the claim that any of the experimental evidence reported in those papers reflects the properties of real physical samples of CSH.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Hirsch
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0319, USA.
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21
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Ball P. Superconductivity feels the heat. NATURE MATERIALS 2023; 22:404. [PMID: 37002501 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-023-01532-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
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22
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Symmetry of Identical Particles, Modern Achievements in the Pauli Exclusion Principle, in Superconductivity and in Some Other Phenomena. Symmetry (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/sym15030701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, the modern achievements in studies of the Pauli exclusion principle (PEP) and the properties of the identical particle systems when PEP is not fulfilled are discussed. The validity of conception of the spin in the framework of density functional theory (DFT) approaches is analyzed. The modern state of the recently discovered Fe-based superconductors is discussed in detail. These materials belong to the paramagnetic semimetal family and become superconductors upon doping. Recently, in 2020, room-temperature superconductivity was realized. However, from the following discussion in the SC community, it was not evident that the results of room-temperature superconductivity have been repeated by other laboratories. Thus, the question “is room temperature really achieved?” is still open. In the concluding remarks, we present the explanation of why the PEP limitations on the symmetry of identical particles system exist in nature, and following from it, some important consequences.
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23
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Jin C, Ceperley D. Hopes raised for room-temperature superconductivity, but doubts remain. Nature 2023; 615:221-222. [PMID: 36890377 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-023-00599-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
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24
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Dasenbrock-Gammon N, Snider E, McBride R, Pasan H, Durkee D, Khalvashi-Sutter N, Munasinghe S, Dissanayake SE, Lawler KV, Salamat A, Dias RP. Evidence of near-ambient superconductivity in a N-doped lutetium hydride. Nature 2023; 615:244-250. [PMID: 36890373 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05742-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
The absence of electrical resistance exhibited by superconducting materials would have enormous potential for applications if it existed at ambient temperature and pressure conditions. Despite decades of intense research efforts, such a state has yet to be realized1,2. At ambient pressures, cuprates are the material class exhibiting superconductivity to the highest critical superconducting transition temperatures (Tc), up to about 133 K (refs. 3-5). Over the past decade, high-pressure 'chemical precompression'6,7 of hydrogen-dominant alloys has led the search for high-temperature superconductivity, with demonstrated Tc approaching the freezing point of water in binary hydrides at megabar pressures8-13. Ternary hydrogen-rich compounds, such as carbonaceous sulfur hydride, offer an even larger chemical space to potentially improve the properties of superconducting hydrides14-21. Here we report evidence of superconductivity on a nitrogen-doped lutetium hydride with a maximum Tc of 294 K at 10 kbar, that is, superconductivity at room temperature and near-ambient pressures. The compound was synthesized under high-pressure high-temperature conditions and then-after full recoverability-its material and superconducting properties were examined along compression pathways. These include temperature-dependent resistance with and without an applied magnetic field, the magnetization (M) versus magnetic field (H) curve, a.c. and d.c. magnetic susceptibility, as well as heat-capacity measurements. X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) and theoretical simulations provide some insight into the stoichiometry of the synthesized material. Nevertheless, further experiments and simulations are needed to determine the exact stoichiometry of hydrogen and nitrogen, and their respective atomistic positions, in a greater effort to further understand the superconducting state of the material.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elliot Snider
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Raymond McBride
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Hiranya Pasan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Dylan Durkee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Nugzari Khalvashi-Sutter
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Sasanka Munasinghe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Sachith E Dissanayake
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Ranga P Dias
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
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25
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Thedford RP, Yu F, Tait WRT, Shastri K, Monticone F, Wiesner U. The Promise of Soft-Matter-Enabled Quantum Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2203908. [PMID: 35863756 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202203908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The field of quantum materials has experienced rapid growth over the past decade, driven by exciting new discoveries with immense transformative potential. Traditional synthetic methods to quantum materials have, however, limited the exploration of architectural control beyond the atomic scale. By contrast, soft matter self-assembly can be used to tailor material structure over a large range of length scales, with a vast array of possible form factors, promising emerging quantum material properties at the mesoscale. This review explores opportunities for soft matter science to impact the synthesis of quantum materials with advanced properties. Existing work at the interface of these two fields is highlighted, and perspectives are provided on possible future directions by discussing the potential benefits and challenges which can arise from their bridging.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Paxton Thedford
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
- Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
| | - William R T Tait
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
- Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
| | - Kunal Shastri
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
| | - Francesco Monticone
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
| | - Ulrich Wiesner
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
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26
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Le Godec Y, Le Floch S. Recent Developments of High-Pressure Spark Plasma Sintering: An Overview of Current Applications, Challenges and Future Directions. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16030997. [PMID: 36770003 PMCID: PMC9919817 DOI: 10.3390/ma16030997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Spark plasma sintering (SPS), also called pulsed electric current sintering (PECS) or field-assisted sintering technique (FAST) is a technique for sintering powder under moderate uniaxial pressure (max. 0.15 GPa) and high temperature (up to 2500 °C). It has been widely used over the last few years as it can achieve full densification of ceramic or metal powders with lower sintering temperature and shorter processing time compared to conventional processes, opening up new possibilities for nanomaterials densification. More recently, new frontiers of opportunities are emerging by coupling SPS with high pressure (up to ~10 GPa). A vast exciting field of academic research is now using high-pressure SPS (HP-SPS) in order to play with various parameters of sintering, like grain growth, structural stability and chemical reactivity, allowing the full densification of metastable or hard-to-sinter materials. This review summarizes the various benefits of HP-SPS for the sintering of many classes of advanced functional materials. It presents the latest research findings on various HP-SPS technologies with particular emphasis on their associated metrologies and their main outstanding results obtained. Finally, in the last section, this review lists some perspectives regarding the current challenges and future directions in which the HP-SPS field may have great breakthroughs in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann Le Godec
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), Sorbonne Université, UMR CNRS 7590, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, IRD UMR 206, 75005 Paris, France
- Correspondence: (Y.L.G.); (S.L.F.)
| | - Sylvie Le Floch
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, CEDEX, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
- Correspondence: (Y.L.G.); (S.L.F.)
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27
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Pietruszka MA. Collective excitations at non-equilibrium phase transition in metabolically active red blood cells. Biosystems 2023; 223:104804. [PMID: 36372198 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2022.104804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Collective excitations of superconductors and superfluids have been extensively studied in condensed matter physics, while recent experimental advances have made it possible to study the non-equilibrium dynamics of human blood. Here, we show that some dynamic quantitative metrics calculated for the ion fluxes of two isolated peripheral blood droplets that were spatially separated by the presence of a semiconductor exhibited the characteristic features of a quasi-particle (or collective excitation) at a critical point. In the experiment, the spontaneous peak, which indicates order, appeared at a physiological (hereafter: critical) temperature of 36 °C in the human blood. The ordering effect, which was still present in the weak magnetic field of 350 mT, disappeared above the critical magnetic field of approximately 500 mT, suggesting a dynamic Meissner effect in the system (henceforth "dynamic" means derived from the "time series" - a series of real numbers). Moreover, a superconducting gap ratio of approx. 2.91 was found below the upper limit (4) of the BCS theory for weak coupling. Both these effects indicate the existence of a "superconducting" (ion) environment that is conducive to the emergence of quasiparticles. While the dynamic structure of the time series is substantially isotropic at temperatures beyond the phase transition, the system undergoes symmetry breakdown and non-equilibrium phase transition at a critical state. The designated series of dynamic variables can be used in medicine, inter alia, in screening tests as new indicators describing the patient's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz A Pietruszka
- University of Silesia, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, 28 Jagiellońska St., PL-40032, Katowice, Poland.
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28
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Bokhimi X. Effect of Pressure on the Distribution of Electrons in a Cluster of H 2S. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:42499-42504. [PMID: 36440145 PMCID: PMC9685773 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We carry out a theoretical study of the effect of pressure on the atomic and electronic distribution of a cluster made of 155 H2S molecules. The pressure was modeled by bringing the cluster into a spherical container made of 500 helium atoms and reducing the diameter of the container. We did ab initio molecular calculations using DFT. At the lowest pressure, the S-H-S angle between two neighboring H2S molecules has a distribution with a mean value of 167.1°. This angle will be shorter as pressure increases, reaching a distribution with a mean value of 125.5° at the highest pressure. Changes in this angle result from a strong S-S interaction, displacing the H atoms from the line joining the sulfur atoms. This rearrangement of the atomic distribution generates hydrogen-rich spatial regions. We analyzed the evolution of Mulliken charges on S and H atoms in the cluster with pressure, finding that electrons move from S to H atoms, suggesting that these hydrogen-rich regions should be responsible for the electrical conductivity and, consequently, also for the superconductivity in solid H2S under pressure.
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29
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High-pressure synthesis of seven lanthanum hydrides with a significant variability of hydrogen content. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6987. [DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34755-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe lanthanum-hydrogen system has attracted significant attention following the report of superconductivity in LaH10 at near-ambient temperatures and high pressures. Phases other than LaH10 are suspected to be synthesized based on both powder X-ray diffraction and resistivity data, although they have not yet been identified. Here, we present the results of our single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies on this system, supported by density functional theory calculations, which reveal an unexpected chemical and structural diversity of lanthanum hydrides synthesized in the range of 50 to 180 GPa. Seven lanthanum hydrides were produced, LaH3, LaH~4, LaH4+δ, La4H23, LaH6+δ, LaH9+δ, and LaH10+δ, and the atomic coordinates of lanthanum in their structures determined. The regularities in rare-earth element hydrides unveiled here provide clues to guide the search for other synthesizable hydrides and candidate high-temperature superconductors. The hydrogen content variability in lanthanum hydrides and the samples’ phase heterogeneity underline the challenges related to assessing potentially superconducting phases and the nature of electronic transitions in high-pressure hydrides.
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30
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The effect of negative pressures on the superconductivity of amorphous and crystalline bismuth. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19278. [PMID: 36369433 PMCID: PMC9652422 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22261-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Materials may behave in non-expected ways when subject to unexpected conditions. For example, when Bi was turned into an amorphous phase (a-Bi) unexpectedly it became a superconductor at temperatures below 10 K. Using the superconductivity of the amorphous phase we provided an explanation as to why crystalline bismuth (c-Bi) had not been found to superconduct, and even predicted an upper limit for its superconducting transition temperature Tc. This was experimentally corroborated within the following year. We now decided to investigate what happens to the crystalline, Wyckoff structure, and amorphous Bi when pressures below the atmospheric are applied. Here it is shown that, within the BCS approach, under expansion the Wyckoff c-Bi increases its superconducting transition temperature minimally, whereas the amorphous phase decreases its Tc. The electron densities of states (eDoS), the vibrational densities of states (vDoS) and the Debye temperatures (θD) are calculated to perform this qualitative evaluation. Expansion can be obtained in the laboratory by chemically etching Bi-based alloys, for example, a process also known as dealloying.
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31
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Hou Y, Li B, Bai Y, Hao X, Yang Y, Chi F, Liu S, Cheng J, Shi Z. Superconductivity in CeBeH 8and CeBH 8at moderate pressures. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:505403. [PMID: 36261041 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac9bbc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
High-pressure structural searches of superhydrides CeBeH8and CeBH8were performed under ambient pressure up to 300 GPa. We identifyFm3‾m-CeBeH8with a superconducting transition temperatureTcof 56 K at 10 GPa. Two more phases with spacegroupR3‾mandC2/m, were investigated within the increasing pressures. CeBH8shows a similar phase transition process as CeBeH8but with higher transition pressures and higherTc.Fm3‾m-CeBH8is predicted to be superconducting above 120 GPa with a maximumTcof 118 K at 150 GPa.R3‾m-CeBH8andC2/m-CeBH8are dynamically stable above 120 GPa and 100 GPa, respectively. The maximumTcis 123 K at 195 GPa forR3‾m-CeBH8, and 115 K at 350 GPa forC2/m-CeBH8. Our work enriches the family of ternary hydrides and may provide a useful guideline for further search for superconducting hydrides at low and moderate pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hou
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Li
- New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory of Jiangsu Province and School of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Bai
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Hao
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yeqian Yang
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengfeng Chi
- New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory of Jiangsu Province and School of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengli Liu
- New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory of Jiangsu Province and School of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Cheng
- New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory of Jiangsu Province and School of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixiang Shi
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People's Republic of China
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32
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Giant enhancement of superconducting critical temperature in substitutional alloy (La,Ce)H 9. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5952. [PMID: 36216828 PMCID: PMC9551097 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33743-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A sharp focus of current research on superconducting superhydrides is to raise their critical temperature Tc at moderate pressures. Here, we report a discovery of giant enhancement of Tc in CeH9 obtained via random substitution of half Ce by La, leading to equal-atomic (La,Ce)H9 alloy stabilized by maximum configurational entropy, containing the LaH9 unit that is unstable in pure compound form. The synthesized (La,Ce)H9 alloy exhibits Tc of 148–178 K in the pressure range of 97–172 GPa, representing up to 80% enhancement of Tc compared to pure CeH9 and showcasing the highest Tc at sub-megabar pressure among the known superhydrides. This work demonstrates substitutional alloying as a highly effective enabling tool for substantially enhancing Tc via atypical compositional modulation inside suitably selected host crystal. This optimal substitutional alloying approach opens a promising avenue for synthesis of high-entropy multinary superhydrides that may exhibit further increased Tc at even lower pressures. Superconductivity was recently discovered in the clathrate hydride CeH9 with superconducting temperature (Tc) of 57 K at pressures below 1 megabar. Here, the authors show that Tc can be increased to 148 K in the substitutional alloy (La,Ce)H9, while maintaining a pressure below 1 megabar.
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33
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Xi Y, Jing X, Xu Z, Liu N, Liu Y, Lin ML, Yang M, Sun Y, Zhuang J, Xu X, Hao W, Li Y, Li X, Wei X, Tan PH, Li Q, Liu B, Dou SX, Du Y. Superconductivity in Layered van der Waals Hydrogenated Germanene at High Pressure. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:18887-18895. [PMID: 36194558 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of superconductivity in two-dimensional (2D) materials has attracted tremendous research efforts because the origins and mechanisms behind the unexpected and fascinating superconducting phenomena remain unclear. In particular, the superconductivity can survive in 2D systems even with weakened disorder and broken spatial inversion symmetry. Here, structural and superconducting transitions of 2D van der Waals (vdW) hydrogenated germanene (GeH) are observed under compression and decompression processes. GeH possesses a superconducting transition with a critical temperature (Tc) of 5.41 K at 8.39 GPa. A crystalline to amorphous transition occurs at 16.80 GPa, while superconductivity remains. An abnormal increase of Tc up to 6.11 K was observed during the decompression process, while the GeH remained in the 2D amorphous phase. A combination study of in situ high-pressure synchrotron X-ray diffraction, in situ high-pressure Raman spectroscopy, transition electron microscopy, and density functional theory simulations suggests that the superconductivity in 2D vdW GeH is attributed to the increased density of states at the Fermi level as well as the enhanced electron-phonon coupling effect under high pressure even in the form of an amorphous phase. The unique pressure-induced phase transition of GeH from 2D crystalline to 2D amorphous metal hydride provides a promising platform to study the mechanisms of amorphous hydride superconductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilian Xi
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing100191, China.,BUAA-UOW Joint Research Centre, Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials (ISEM), Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales2500, Australia.,Centre of Quantum and Matter Sciences, International Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Beihang University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Xiaoling Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun130012, China
| | - Zhongfei Xu
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing100191, China.,BUAA-UOW Joint Research Centre, Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials (ISEM), Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales2500, Australia.,College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing102206, China
| | - Nana Liu
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing100191, China.,BUAA-UOW Joint Research Centre, Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials (ISEM), Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales2500, Australia
| | - Yani Liu
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing100191, China.,BUAA-UOW Joint Research Centre, Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials (ISEM), Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales2500, Australia
| | - Miao-Ling Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100083, China
| | - Ming Yang
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Ying Sun
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Jincheng Zhuang
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing100191, China.,BUAA-UOW Joint Research Centre, Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials (ISEM), Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales2500, Australia
| | - Xun Xu
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing100191, China.,BUAA-UOW Joint Research Centre, Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials (ISEM), Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales2500, Australia
| | - Weichang Hao
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing100191, China.,BUAA-UOW Joint Research Centre, Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials (ISEM), Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales2500, Australia.,Centre of Quantum and Matter Sciences, International Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Beihang University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Yanchun Li
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Xiangjun Wei
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai201204, China
| | - Ping-Heng Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100083, China
| | - Quanjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun130012, China
| | - Bingbing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun130012, China
| | - Shi Xue Dou
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing100191, China.,BUAA-UOW Joint Research Centre, Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials (ISEM), Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales2500, Australia.,Centre of Quantum and Matter Sciences, International Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Beihang University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Yi Du
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing100191, China.,BUAA-UOW Joint Research Centre, Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials (ISEM), Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales2500, Australia.,Centre of Quantum and Matter Sciences, International Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Beihang University, Beijing100191, China
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34
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Shumiya N, Hossain MS, Yin JX, Wang Z, Litskevich M, Yoon C, Li Y, Yang Y, Jiang YX, Cheng G, Lin YC, Zhang Q, Cheng ZJ, Cochran TA, Multer D, Yang XP, Casas B, Chang TR, Neupert T, Yuan Z, Jia S, Lin H, Yao N, Balicas L, Zhang F, Yao Y, Hasan MZ. Evidence of a room-temperature quantum spin Hall edge state in a higher-order topological insulator. NATURE MATERIALS 2022; 21:1111-1115. [PMID: 35835819 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-022-01304-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Room-temperature realization of macroscopic quantum phases is one of the major pursuits in fundamental physics1,2. The quantum spin Hall phase3-6 is a topological quantum phase that features a two-dimensional insulating bulk and a helical edge state. Here we use vector magnetic field and variable temperature based scanning tunnelling microscopy to provide micro-spectroscopic evidence for a room-temperature quantum spin Hall edge state on the surface of the higher-order topological insulator Bi4Br4. We find that the atomically resolved lattice exhibits a large insulating gap of over 200 meV, and an atomically sharp monolayer step edge hosts an in-gap gapless state, suggesting topological bulk-boundary correspondence. An external magnetic field can gap the edge state, consistent with the time-reversal symmetry protection inherent in the underlying band topology. We further identify the geometrical hybridization of such edge states, which not only supports the Z2 topology of the quantum spin Hall state but also visualizes the building blocks of the higher-order topological insulator phase. Our results further encourage the exploration of high-temperature transport quantization of the putative topological phase reported here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Shumiya
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Md Shafayat Hossain
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
| | - Jia-Xin Yin
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Maksim Litskevich
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Chiho Yoon
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yongkai Li
- Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Xiao Jiang
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Guangming Cheng
- Princeton Institute for Science and Technology of Materials, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Yen-Chuan Lin
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Qi Zhang
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Zi-Jia Cheng
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Tyler A Cochran
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Daniel Multer
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Xian P Yang
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Brian Casas
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Tay-Rong Chang
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Center for Quantum Frontiers of Research and Technology (QFort), Tainan, Taiwan
- Physics Division, National Center for Theoretical Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Titus Neupert
- Department of Physics, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Zhujun Yuan
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences,, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Jia
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences,, Beijing, China
| | - Hsin Lin
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nan Yao
- Princeton Institute for Science and Technology of Materials, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Luis Balicas
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Yugui Yao
- Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - M Zahid Hasan
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Quantum Science Center, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
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Mandal K, Chaudhury R. A theoretical analysis of superconducting pairing in correlated metallic systems. PHYSICA B: CONDENSED MATTER 2022; 642:414147. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physb.2022.414147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/19/2023]
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36
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Semenok DV, Troyan IA, Sadakov AV, Zhou D, Galasso M, Kvashnin AG, Ivanova AG, Kruglov IA, Bykov AA, Terent'ev KY, Cherepakhin AV, Sobolevskiy OA, Pervakov KS, Seregin AY, Helm T, Förster T, Grockowiak AD, Tozer SW, Nakamoto Y, Shimizu K, Pudalov VM, Lyubutin IS, Oganov AR. Effect of Magnetic Impurities on Superconductivity in LaH 10. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2204038. [PMID: 35829689 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202204038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydrides are a novel class of superconducting materials with extremely high critical parameters, which is very promising for sensor applications. On the other hand, a complete experimental study of the best so far known superconductor, lanthanum superhydride LaH10 , encounters a serious complication because of the large upper critical magnetic field HC2 (0), exceeding 120-160 T. It is found that partial replacement of La atoms by magnetic Nd atoms results in significant suppression of superconductivity in LaH10 : each at% of Nd causes a decrease in TC by 10-11 K, helping to control the critical parameters of this compound. Strong pulsed magnetic fields up to 68 T are used to study the Hall effect, magnetoresistance, and the magnetic phase diagram of ternary metal polyhydrides for the first time. Surprisingly, (La,Nd)H10 demonstrates completely linear HC2 (T) ∝ |T - TC |, which calls into question the applicability of the Werthamer-Helfand-Hohenberg model for polyhydrides. The suppression of superconductivity in LaH10 by magnetic Nd atoms and the robustness of TC with respect to nonmagnetic impurities (e.g., Y, Al, C) under Anderson's theorem gives new experimental evidence of the isotropic (s-wave) character of conventional electron-phonon pairing in lanthanum decahydride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitrii V Semenok
- Materials Discovery Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard, 30/1, Moscow, 121205, Russia
| | - Ivan A Troyan
- Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography, Federal Scientific Research Center "Crystallography and Photonics", Russian Academy of Sciences, 59 Leninsky Prospekt, Moscow, 119333, Russia
| | - Andrey V Sadakov
- V.L. Ginzburg Center for High-Temperature Superconductivity and Quantum Materials, P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Di Zhou
- Materials Discovery Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard, 30/1, Moscow, 121205, Russia
| | - Michele Galasso
- Materials Discovery Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard, 30/1, Moscow, 121205, Russia
| | - Alexander G Kvashnin
- Materials Discovery Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard, 30/1, Moscow, 121205, Russia
| | - Anna G Ivanova
- Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography, Federal Scientific Research Center "Crystallography and Photonics", Russian Academy of Sciences, 59 Leninsky Prospekt, Moscow, 119333, Russia
| | - Ivan A Kruglov
- Center for Fundamental and Applied Research, Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), st. Sushchevskaya, 22, Moscow, 127055, Russia
- Laboratory of Computational Materials Discovery, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, Dolgoprudny, 141700, Russia
| | - Alexey A Bykov
- Crystal Physics Laboratory, NRC "Kurchatov Institute" PNPI, 1, mkr. Orlova roshcha, Gatchina, 188300, Russia
| | - Konstantin Y Terent'ev
- Kirensky Institute of Physics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok 50, bld. 38, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
| | - Alexander V Cherepakhin
- Kirensky Institute of Physics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok 50, bld. 38, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
| | - Oleg A Sobolevskiy
- V.L. Ginzburg Center for High-Temperature Superconductivity and Quantum Materials, P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Kirill S Pervakov
- V.L. Ginzburg Center for High-Temperature Superconductivity and Quantum Materials, P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Alexey Yu Seregin
- Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography, Federal Scientific Research Center "Crystallography and Photonics", Russian Academy of Sciences, 59 Leninsky Prospekt, Moscow, 119333, Russia
- Synchrotron radiation source "KISI-Kurchatov", National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, 123182, Russia
| | - Toni Helm
- Hochfeld-Magnetlabor Dresden (HLD-EMFL), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tobias Förster
- Hochfeld-Magnetlabor Dresden (HLD-EMFL), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Audrey D Grockowiak
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS/Sirius), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, 13083-100, Brazil
| | - Stanley W Tozer
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
| | - Yuki Nakamoto
- KYOKUGEN, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyamacho 1-3, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Katsuya Shimizu
- KYOKUGEN, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyamacho 1-3, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Vladimir M Pudalov
- V.L. Ginzburg Center for High-Temperature Superconductivity and Quantum Materials, P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- HSE Tikhonov Moscow Institute of Electronics and Mathematics, National Research University Higher School of Economics, 20 Myasnitskaya ulitsa, Moscow, 101000, Russia
| | - Igor S Lyubutin
- Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography, Federal Scientific Research Center "Crystallography and Photonics", Russian Academy of Sciences, 59 Leninsky Prospekt, Moscow, 119333, Russia
| | - Artem R Oganov
- Materials Discovery Laboratory, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard, 30/1, Moscow, 121205, Russia
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Castelvecchi D. Stunning room-temperature-superconductor claim is retracted. Nature 2022:10.1038/d41586-022-03066-z. [PMID: 36171305 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-022-03066-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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38
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Hilleke KP, Zurek E. Rational Design of Superconducting Metal Hydrides via Chemical Pressure Tuning**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207589. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katerina P. Hilleke
- Department of Chemistry State University of New York at Buffalo Buffalo NY 14260-3000 USA
| | - Eva Zurek
- Department of Chemistry State University of New York at Buffalo Buffalo NY 14260-3000 USA
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39
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Prots Y, Krnel M, Grin Y, Svanidze E. Superconductivity in Crystallographically Disordered LaHg 6.4. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:15444-15451. [PMID: 36053961 PMCID: PMC9533302 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The influence of structural disorder on superconductivity is not yet fully understood. A concurrent examination of crystallographic and physical properties of LaHg6.4 reveals that this material enters a superconducting state below Tc = 2.4 K while showing crystallographic disorder in one dimension. Lanthanum mercuride, which crystallizes in a new structure type (space group Cmcm, a = 9.779(2) Å, b = 28.891(4) Å, c = 5.0012(8) Å, Z = 8), has remained out of reach for nearly 50 years. In this crystal structure, strong disorder is present in the channels that propagate along the [001] direction. By implementing a combination of cutting-edge synthesis and characterization techniques, we were able to circumvent the complexity associated with the low formation temperature and chemical reactivity of this substance and study the superconductivity of LaHg6.4 in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurii Prots
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe, Nothnitzer Str. 40, Dresden01187, Germany
| | - Mitja Krnel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe, Nothnitzer Str. 40, Dresden01187, Germany
| | - Yuri Grin
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe, Nothnitzer Str. 40, Dresden01187, Germany
| | - Eteri Svanidze
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe, Nothnitzer Str. 40, Dresden01187, Germany
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40
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Dasenbrock-Gammon N, McBride R, Yoo G, Dissanayake S, Dias R. Second harmonic AC calorimetry technique within a diamond anvil cell. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2022; 93:093901. [PMID: 36182513 DOI: 10.1063/5.0104705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Tuning the energy density of matter at high pressures gives rise to exotic and often unprecedented properties, e.g., structural transitions, insulator-metal transitions, valence fluctuations, topological order, and the emergence of superconductivity. The study of specific heat has long been used to characterize these kinds of transitions, but their application to the diamond anvil cell (DAC) environment has proved challenging. Limited work has been done on the measurement of specific heat within DACs, in part due to the difficult experimental setup. To this end, we have developed a novel method for the measurement of specific heat within a DAC that is independent of the DAC design and is, therefore, readily compatible with any DACs already performing high pressure resistance measurements. As a proof-of-concept, specific heat measurements of the MgB2 superconductor were performed, showing a clear anomaly at the transition temperature (Tc), indicative of bulk superconductivity. This technique allows for specific heat measurements at higher pressures than previously possible.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raymond McBride
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - Gyeongjae Yoo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - Sachith Dissanayake
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - Ranga Dias
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
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41
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Theoretical exploration of external pressure impact on superconducting transition temperatures. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.139792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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42
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Zhao L, Liu H, Tong S, Wang J, Han T, Liu C, Gao C, Han Y. Application of impedance spectroscopy in exploring electrical properties of dielectric materials under high pressure. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:434001. [PMID: 35973420 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac8a33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Impedance spectroscopy (IS) is an indispensable method of exploring electrical properties of materials. In this review, we provide an overview on the specific applications of IS measurement in the investigations of various electrical properties of materials under high pressure, including electric conduction in bulk and grain boundary, dielectric properties, ionic conduction, and electrostrictive effect. Related studies are summarized to demonstrate the method of analyzing different electrical transport processes with various designed equivalent circuits of IS and reveal some interesting phenomena of electrical properties of materials under high pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Wang
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Biomass Functional Materials Studies, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun 130052, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Cailong Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology, School of Physical Science and Information Technology of Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunxiao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
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43
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Smith GA, Collings IE, Snider E, Smith D, Petitgirard S, Smith JS, White M, Jones E, Ellison P, Lawler KV, Dias RP, Salamat A. Carbon content drives high temperature superconductivity in a carbonaceous sulfur hydride below 100 GPa. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:9064-9067. [PMID: 35837875 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03170a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a previously unobserved superconducting state of the photosynthesized carbonaceous sulfur hydride (C-S-H) system with a maximum TC of 191(1) K below 100 GPa. The properties of C-S-H are dependent on carbon content, and X-ray diffraction and simulations reveal the system remains molecular-like up to 100 GPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Alexander Smith
- Nevada Extreme Conditions Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA.
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
| | - Ines E Collings
- Centre for X-ray Analytics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstraße 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Elliot Snider
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - Dean Smith
- Nevada Extreme Conditions Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA.
| | | | - Jesse S Smith
- HPCAT, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Melanie White
- Nevada Extreme Conditions Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA.
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
| | - Elyse Jones
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - Paul Ellison
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
| | - Keith V Lawler
- Nevada Extreme Conditions Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA.
| | - Ranga P Dias
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - Ashkan Salamat
- Nevada Extreme Conditions Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA.
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
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44
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Du M, Song H, Zhang Z, Duan D, Cui T. Room-Temperature Superconductivity in Yb/Lu Substituted Clathrate Hexahydrides under Moderate Pressure. Research (Wash D C) 2022; 2022:9784309. [PMID: 36061823 PMCID: PMC9394054 DOI: 10.34133/2022/9784309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Room temperature superconductivity is a dream that mankind has been chasing for a century. In recent years, the synthesis of H3S, LaH10, and C-S-H compounds under high pressures has gradually made that dream become a reality. But the extreme high pressure required for stabilization of hydrogen-based superconductors limit their applications. So, the next challenge is to achieve room-temperature superconductivity at significantly low pressures, even ambient pressure. In this work, we design a series of high temperature superconductors that can be stable at moderate pressures by incorporating heavy rare earth elements Yb/Lu into sodalite-like clathrate hexahydrides. In particular, the critical temperatures (Tc) of Y3LuH24, YLuH12, and YLu3H24 can reach 283 K at 120 GPa, 275 K at 140 GPa, and 288 K at 110 GPa, respectively. Their critical temperatures are close to or have reached room temperature, and minimum stable pressures are significantly lower than that of reported room temperature superconductors. Our work provides an effective method for the rational design of low-pressure stabilized hydrogen-based superconductors with room-temperature superconductivity simultaneously and will stimulate further experimental exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Du
- College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Hao Song
- College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Zihan Zhang
- College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Defang Duan
- College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Tian Cui
- College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Institute of High-Pressure Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
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45
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Zeng Z, Wen J, Lou H, Zhang X, Yang L, Tan L, Cheng B, Zuo X, Yang W, Mao WL, Mao HK, Zeng Q. Preservation of high-pressure volatiles in nanostructured diamond capsules. Nature 2022; 608:513-517. [PMID: 35978124 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04955-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
High pressure induces dramatic changes and novel phenomena in condensed volatiles1,2 that are usually not preserved after recovery from pressure vessels. Here we report a process that pressurizes volatiles into nanopores of type 1 glassy carbon precursors, converts glassy carbon into nanocrystalline diamond by heating and synthesizes free-standing nanostructured diamond capsules (NDCs) capable of permanently preserving volatiles at high pressures, even after release back to ambient conditions for various vacuum-based diagnostic probes including electron microscopy. As a demonstration, we perform a comprehensive study of a high-pressure argon sample preserved in NDCs. Synchrotron X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy show nanometre-sized argon crystals at around 22.0 gigapascals embedded in nanocrystalline diamond, energy-dispersive X‑ray spectroscopy provides quantitative compositional analysis and electron energy-loss spectroscopy details the chemical bonding nature of high-pressure argon. The preserved pressure of the argon sample inside NDCs can be tuned by controlling NDC synthesis pressure. To test the general applicability of the NDC process, we show that high-pressure neon can also be trapped in NDCs and that type 2 glassy carbon can be used as the precursor container material. Further experiments on other volatiles and carbon allotropes open the possibility of bringing high-pressure explorations on a par with mainstream condensed-matter investigations and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhidan Zeng
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianguo Wen
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Hongbo Lou
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Liuxiang Yang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijie Tan
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Benyuan Cheng
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaobing Zuo
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Wenge Yang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Wendy L Mao
- Department of Geological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
| | - Ho-Kwang Mao
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qiaoshi Zeng
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai, China.
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Zhao X, Hai Q, Shi M, Chen H, Li Y, Qi Y. An Improved Smart Meta-Superconductor MgB2. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12152590. [PMID: 35957019 PMCID: PMC9370472 DOI: 10.3390/nano12152590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Increasing and improving the critical transition temperature (TC), current density (JC) and the Meissner effect (HC) of conventional superconductors are the most important problems in superconductivity research, but progress has been slow for many years. In this study, by introducing the p-n junction nanostructured electroluminescent inhomogeneous phase with a red wavelength to realize energy injection, we found the improved property of smart meta-superconductors MgB2, the critical transition temperature TC increases by 0.8 K, the current density JC increases by 37%, and the diamagnetism of the Meissner effect HC also significantly improved, compared with pure MgB2. Compared with the previous yttrium oxide inhomogeneous phase, the p-n junction has a higher luminescence intensity, a longer stable life and simpler external field requirements. The coupling between superconducting electrons and surface plasmon polaritons may be explained by this phenomenon. The realization of smart meta-superconductor by the electroluminescent inhomogeneous phase provides a new way to improve the performance of superconductors.
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Hilleke K, Zurek E. Rational Design of Superconducting Metal Hydrides via Chemical Pressure Tuning. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Hilleke
- State University of New York at Buffalo: University at Buffalo Department of Chemistry 359 Natural Sciences ComplexUniversity at Buffalo, North Campus 14260-3000 Buffalo UNITED STATES
| | - Eva Zurek
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York Department of Chemistry 331 Natural Sciences Complex 14260 Buffalo UNITED STATES
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Dong T, Zhang SJ, Wang NL. Recent Development of Ultrafast Optical Characterizations for Quantum Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022:e2110068. [PMID: 35853841 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202110068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The advent of intense ultrashort optical pulses spanning a frequency range from terahertz to the visible has opened a new era in the experimental investigation and manipulation of quantum materials. The generation of strong optical field in an ultrashort time scale enables the steering of quantum materials nonadiabatically, inducing novel phenomenon or creating new phases which may not have an equilibrium counterpart. Ultrafast time-resolved optical techniques have provided rich information and played an important role in characterization of the nonequilibrium and nonlinear properties of solid systems. Here, some of the recent progress of ultrafast optical techniques and their applications to the detection and manipulation of physical properties in selected quantum materials are reviewed. Specifically, the new development in the detection of the Higgs mode and photoinduced nonequilibrium response in the study of superconductors by time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Dong
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Si-Jie Zhang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Nan-Lin Wang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, 100913, China
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49
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Bekaert J, Sevik C, Milošević MV. Enhancing superconductivity in MXenes through hydrogenation. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:9918-9924. [PMID: 35781316 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr01939f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) are an emerging class of atomically-thin superconductors, whose characteristics are highly prone to tailoring by surface functionalization. Here we explore the use of hydrogen adatoms to enhance phonon-mediated superconductivity in MXenes, based on first-principles calculations combined with Eliashberg theory. We first demonstrate the stability of three different structural models of hydrogenated Mo- and W-based MXenes. Particularly high critical temperatures of over 30 K are obtained for hydrogenated Mo2N and W2N. Several mechanisms responsible for the enhanced electron-phonon coupling are uncovered, namely (i) hydrogen-induced changes in the phonon spectrum of the host MXene, (ii) emerging hydrogen-based phonon modes, and (iii) charge transfer from hydrogen to the MXene layer, boosting the density of states at the Fermi level. Finally, we demonstrate that hydrogen adatoms are moreover able to induce superconductivity in MXenes that are not superconducting in pristine form, such as Nb2C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Bekaert
- Department of Physics & NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Cem Sevik
- Department of Physics & NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Eskisehir Technical University, 26555 Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Milorad V Milošević
- Department of Physics & NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 78060-900 Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
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50
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Zhong X, Sun Y, Iitaka T, Xu M, Liu H, Hemley RJ, Chen C, Ma Y. Prediction of Above-Room-Temperature Superconductivity in Lanthanide/Actinide Extreme Superhydrides. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:13394-13400. [PMID: 35820372 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Achieving room-temperature superconductivity has been an enduring scientific pursuit driven by broad fundamental interest and enticing potential applications. The recent discovery of high-pressure clathrate superhydride LaH10 with superconducting critical temperatures (Tc) of 250-260 K made it tantalizingly close to realizing this long-sought goal. Here, we report a remarkable finding based on an advanced crystal structure search method of a new class of extremely hydrogen-rich clathrate superhydride MH18 (M: rare-earth/actinide atom) stoichiometric compounds stabilized at an experimentally accessible pressure of 350 GPa. These compounds are predicted to host Tc up to 330 K, which is well above room temperature. The bonding and electronic properties of these MH18 clathrate superhydrides closely resemble those of atomic metallic hydrogen, giving rise to the highest Tc hitherto found in a thermodynamically stable hydride compound. An in-depth study of these extreme superhydrides offers insights for elucidating phonon-mediated superconductivity above room temperature in hydrogen-rich and other low-Z materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials and International Center for Computational Method & Software, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.,Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Physics, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, China
| | - Ying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials and International Center for Computational Method & Software, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Toshiaki Iitaka
- Discrete Event Simulation Research Team, RIKEN Center for Computational Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Meiling Xu
- Laboratory of Quantum Functional Materials Design and Application, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Hanyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials and International Center for Computational Method & Software, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.,International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Russell J Hemley
- Departments of Physics, Chemistry, and Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Changfeng Chen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, United States
| | - Yanming Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials and International Center for Computational Method & Software, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.,International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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