Polarized blazar X-rays imply particle acceleration in shocks

Dispersion-assisted high-dimensional photodetector

Intensity, polarization and wavelength are intrinsic characteristics of light. Characterizing light with arbitrarily mixed information on polarization and spectrum is in high demand1-4. Despite the extensive efforts in the design of polarimeters5-18 and spectrometers19-27, concurrently yielding high-dimensional signatures of intensity, polarization and spectrum of the light fields is challenging and typically requires complicated integration of polarization- and/or wavelength-sensitive elements in the space or time domains. Here we demonstrate that simple thin-film interfaces with spatial and frequency dispersion can project and tailor polarization and spectrum responses in the wavevector domain. By this means, high-dimensional light information can be encoded into single-shot imaging and deciphered with the assistance of a deep residual network. To the best of our knowledge, our work not only enables full characterization of light with arbitrarily mixed full-Stokes polarization states across a broadband spectrum with a single device and a single measurement but also presents comparable, if not better, performance than state-of-the-art single-purpose miniaturized polarimeters or spectrometers. Our approach can be readily used as an alignment-free retrofit for the existing imaging platforms, opening up new paths to ultra-compact and high-dimensional photodetection and imaging.