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Gao Y, Lin H, Zhu X. General Aqueous System Simulation through an AI-Embedded Metaverse Chemistry Laboratory. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:5978-5984. [PMID: 38814104 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c01111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Recent decades have witnessed the rapid development of autonomous laboratories and artificial intelligence, where experiments can be automatically run and optimized. Although human work is reduced, the total time of experimental optimization is still consuming due to limitations of the current ab metaverse framework, which accurately predicts the future state of the system by receiving and analyzing in situ experimental data. To substitute for traditional simulation methods, we designed a physically endorsed deep learning model to predict the future system picture ranging from atomic image to bulk appearance, intensively using the correlations between properties of the system. Through this framework, we studied the general aqueous system, covering 100+ common ionic solutions. We can accurately simulate properties for a general aqueous system as well as predict the time of solvation of ionic compounds ahead of real experiments. In this way, the experiments can be optimized more efficiently without waiting for the end of a bad iteration. We hope our work offers a fresh direction for the digitization of chemical information, enhancing access to and use of experimental data in advancing the field of physical chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuechen Gao
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China 518172
| | - Haoxiang Lin
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China 518172
| | - Xi Zhu
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China 518172
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2
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Nessler A, Okada O, Kinoshita Y, Nishimura K, Nagata H, Fukuzawa K, Yonemochi E, Schnieders MJ. Crystal Polymorph Search in the NPT Ensemble via a Deposition/Sublimation Alchemical Path. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2024; 24:3205-3217. [PMID: 38659664 PMCID: PMC11036363 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.3c01358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The formulation of active pharmaceutical ingredients involves discovering stable crystal packing arrangements or polymorphs, each of which has distinct pharmaceutically relevant properties. Traditional experimental screening techniques utilizing various conditions are commonly supplemented with in silico crystal structure prediction (CSP) to inform the crystallization process and mitigate risk. Predictions are often based on advanced classical force fields or quantum mechanical calculations that model the crystal potential energy landscape but do not fully incorporate temperature, pressure, or solution conditions during the search procedure. This study proposes an innovative alchemical path that utilizes an advanced polarizable atomic multipole force field to predict crystal structures based on direct sampling of the NPT ensemble. The use of alchemical (i.e., nonphysical) intermediates, a novel Monte Carlo barostat, and an orthogonal space tempering bias combine to enhance the sampling efficiency of the deposition/sublimation phase transition. The proposed algorithm was applied to 2-((4-(2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl)phenyl)amino)benzoic acid (Cambridge Crystallography Database Centre ID: XAFPAY) as a case study to showcase the algorithm. Each experimentally determined polymorph with one molecule in the asymmetric unit was successfully reproduced via approximately 1000 short 1 ns simulations per space group where each simulation was initiated from random rigid body coordinates and unit cell parameters. Utilizing two threads of a recent Intel CPU (a Xeon Gold 6330 CPU at 2.00 GHz), 1 ns of sampling using the polarizable AMOEBA force field can be acquired in 4 h (equating to more than 300 ns/day using all 112 threads/56 cores of a dual CPU node) within the Force Field X software (https://ffx.biochem.uiowa.edu). These results demonstrate a step forward in the rigorous use of the NPT ensemble during the CSP search process and open the door to future algorithms that incorporate solution conditions using continuum solvation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron
J. Nessler
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Iowa, 103 South Capitol
Street, 5601 Seamans Center for the Engineering Arts and Sciences, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Okimasa Okada
- Sohyaku
Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi
Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 1000 Kamoshida-cho, Aoba-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 227-0033, Japan
| | - Yuya Kinoshita
- Analytical
Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takeda
Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 2-26-1, Muraoka-Higashi, Fujisawa 251-8555, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Koki Nishimura
- Analytical
Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takeda
Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 2-26-1, Muraoka-Higashi, Fujisawa 251-8555, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroomi Nagata
- CMC
Modality Technology Laboratories, Production Technology and Supply
Chain Management Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe
Pharma Corporation, Osaka 541-8505, Japan
| | - Kaori Fukuzawa
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka
University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Etsuo Yonemochi
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Michael J. Schnieders
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Iowa, 103 South Capitol
Street, 5601 Seamans Center for the Engineering Arts and Sciences, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Iowa, 51 Newton Road, 4-403 Bowen Science
Building, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
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Unke OT, Stöhr M, Ganscha S, Unterthiner T, Maennel H, Kashubin S, Ahlin D, Gastegger M, Medrano Sandonas L, Berryman JT, Tkatchenko A, Müller KR. Biomolecular dynamics with machine-learned quantum-mechanical force fields trained on diverse chemical fragments. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadn4397. [PMID: 38579003 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn4397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The GEMS method enables molecular dynamics simulations of large heterogeneous systems at ab initio quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver T Unke
- Google DeepMind, Tucholskystraße 2, 10117 Berlin, Germany and Brandschenkestrasse 110, 8002 Zürich, Switzerland
- Machine Learning Group, Technische Universität Berlin, 10587 Berlin, Germany
- DFG Cluster of Excellence "Unifying Systems in Catalysis" (UniSysCat), Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Stöhr
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, University of Luxembourg, L-1511 Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Stefan Ganscha
- Google DeepMind, Tucholskystraße 2, 10117 Berlin, Germany and Brandschenkestrasse 110, 8002 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Unterthiner
- Google DeepMind, Tucholskystraße 2, 10117 Berlin, Germany and Brandschenkestrasse 110, 8002 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Hartmut Maennel
- Google DeepMind, Tucholskystraße 2, 10117 Berlin, Germany and Brandschenkestrasse 110, 8002 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sergii Kashubin
- Google DeepMind, Tucholskystraße 2, 10117 Berlin, Germany and Brandschenkestrasse 110, 8002 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Ahlin
- Google DeepMind, Tucholskystraße 2, 10117 Berlin, Germany and Brandschenkestrasse 110, 8002 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Gastegger
- Machine Learning Group, Technische Universität Berlin, 10587 Berlin, Germany
- DFG Cluster of Excellence "Unifying Systems in Catalysis" (UniSysCat), Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
- BASLEARN - TU Berlin/BASF Joint Lab for Machine Learning, Technische Universität Berlin, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Leonardo Medrano Sandonas
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, University of Luxembourg, L-1511 Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Joshua T Berryman
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, University of Luxembourg, L-1511 Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Alexandre Tkatchenko
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, University of Luxembourg, L-1511 Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Klaus-Robert Müller
- Google DeepMind, Tucholskystraße 2, 10117 Berlin, Germany and Brandschenkestrasse 110, 8002 Zürich, Switzerland
- Machine Learning Group, Technische Universität Berlin, 10587 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
- Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Stuhlsatzenhausweg, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- BIFOLD - Berlin Institute for the Foundations of Learning and Data, Berlin, Germany
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Bürgi HB. The Cambridge Structural Database and structural dynamics. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2024; 11:021302. [PMID: 38504974 PMCID: PMC10950365 DOI: 10.1063/4.0000244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
With the availability of the computer readable information in the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD), wide ranging, largely automated comparisons of fragment, molecular, and crystal structures have become possible. They show that the distributions of interatomic distances, angles, and torsion angles for a given structural fragment occurring in different environments are highly correlated among themselves and with other observables such as spectroscopic signals, reaction and activation energies. The correlations often extend continuously over large ranges of parameter values. They are reminiscent of bond breaking and forming reactions, polyhedral rearrangements, and conformational changes. They map-qualitatively-the regions of the structural parameter space in which molecular dynamics take place, namely, the low energy regions of the respective (free) energy surfaces. The extension and continuous nature of the correlations provides an organizing principle of large groups of structural data and suggests a reconsideration of traditional definitions and descriptions of bonds, "nonbonded" and "noncovalent" interactions in terms of Lewis acids interacting with Lewis bases. These aspects are illustrated with selected examples of historic importance and with some later developments. It seems that the amount of information in the CSD (and other structural databases) and the knowledge on the nature of, and the correlations within, this body of information should allow one-in the near future-to make credible interpolations and possibly predictions of structures and their properties with machine learning methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Beat Bürgi
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Berne, Freiestr. 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
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Alić J, Lončarić I, Etter M, Rubčić M, Štefanić Z, Šekutor M, Užarević K, Stolar T. Direct in situ measurement of polymorphic transition temperatures under thermo-mechanochemical conditions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:4840-4844. [PMID: 38276968 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04364a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
For the first time, we directly measured the onset and completion temperatures of polymorphic transitions under thermo-mechanochemical conditions by simultaneous in situ synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction and temperature monitoring. We determined the thermo-mechanochemical polymorphic transition temperature in 1-adamantyl-1-diamantyl ether to be 31 °C lower than the transition temperature determined by DSC. Our findings highlight the uniqueness of thermo-mechanochemical conditions, with potential applications in polymorph screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasna Alić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Ivor Lončarić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Martin Etter
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22 607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mirta Rubčić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zoran Štefanić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Marina Šekutor
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | | | - Tomislav Stolar
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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6
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Hong RS, Rojas AV, Bhardwaj RM, Wang L, Mattei A, Abraham NS, Cusack KP, Pierce MO, Mondal S, Mehio N, Bordawekar S, Kym PR, Abel R, Sheikh AY. Free Energy Perturbation Approach for Accurate Crystalline Aqueous Solubility Predictions. J Med Chem 2023; 66:15883-15893. [PMID: 38016916 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Early assessment of crystalline thermodynamic solubility continues to be elusive for drug discovery and development despite its critical importance, especially for the ever-increasing fraction of poorly soluble drug candidates. Here we present a detailed evaluation of a physics-based free energy perturbation (FEP+) approach for computing the thermodynamic aqueous solubility. The predictive power of this approach is assessed across diverse chemical spaces, spanning pharmaceutically relevant literature compounds and more complex AbbVie compounds. Our approach achieves predictive (RMSE = 0.86) and differentiating power (R2 = 0.69) and therefore provides notably improved correlations to experimental solubility compared to state-of-the-art machine learning approaches that utilize quantum mechanics-based descriptors. The importance of explicit considerations of crystalline packing in predicting solubility by the FEP+ approach is also highlighted in this study. Finally, we show how computed energetics, including hydration and sublimation free energies, can provide further insights into molecule design to feed the medicinal chemistry DMTA cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard S Hong
- AbbVie Inc., Research & Development, 1 N Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Ana V Rojas
- Schrödinger Inc., 1540 Broadway 24th Floor, New York, New York 10036, United States
| | - Rajni Miglani Bhardwaj
- AbbVie Inc., Research & Development, 1 N Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Lingle Wang
- Schrödinger Inc., 1540 Broadway 24th Floor, New York, New York 10036, United States
| | - Alessandra Mattei
- AbbVie Inc., Research & Development, 1 N Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Nathan S Abraham
- Ventus Therapeutics 100 Beaver St, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, United States
| | - Kevin P Cusack
- AbbVie Inc., Research & Development, 1 N Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - M Olivia Pierce
- Bristol Myer Squibb, 100 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Sayan Mondal
- Schrödinger Inc., 1540 Broadway 24th Floor, New York, New York 10036, United States
| | - Nada Mehio
- AbbVie Inc., Research & Development, 1 N Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Shailendra Bordawekar
- AbbVie Inc., Research & Development, 1 N Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Philip R Kym
- AbbVie Inc., Research & Development, 1 N Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Robert Abel
- Schrödinger Inc., 1540 Broadway 24th Floor, New York, New York 10036, United States
| | - Ahmad Y Sheikh
- AbbVie Inc., Research & Development, 1 N Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
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