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Parameswaran P, Payne L, Powers J, Rashighi M, Orzalli MH. A viral E3 ubiquitin ligase produced by herpes simplex virus 1 inhibits the NLRP1 inflammasome. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20231518. [PMID: 38861480 PMCID: PMC11167375 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20231518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Guard proteins initiate defense mechanisms upon sensing pathogen-encoded virulence factors. Successful viral pathogens likely inhibit guard protein activity, but these interactions have been largely undefined. Here, we demonstrate that the human pathogen herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) stimulates and inhibits an antiviral pathway initiated by NLRP1, a guard protein that induces inflammasome formation and pyroptotic cell death when activated. Notably, HSV-1 infection of human keratinocytes promotes posttranslational modifications to NLRP1, consistent with MAPK-dependent NLRP1 activation, but does not result in downstream inflammasome formation. We identify infected cell protein 0 (ICP0) as the critical HSV-1 protein that is necessary and sufficient for inhibition of the NLRP1 pathway. Mechanistically, ICP0's cytoplasmic localization and function as an E3 ubiquitin ligase prevents proteasomal degradation of the auto-inhibitory NT-NLRP1 fragment, thereby preventing inflammasome formation. Further, we demonstrate that inhibiting this inflammasome is important for promoting HSV-1 replication. Thus, we have established a mechanism by which HSV-1 overcomes a guard-mediated antiviral defense strategy in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Parameswaran
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Program in Innate Immunity, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Immunology and Microbiology Program, Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Laurellee Payne
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Program in Innate Immunity, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer Powers
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Program in Innate Immunity, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Mehdi Rashighi
- Immunology and Microbiology Program, Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Megan H. Orzalli
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Program in Innate Immunity, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Immunology and Microbiology Program, Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
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2
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Robinson KS, Boucher D. Inflammasomes in epithelial innate immunity: front line warriors. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:1335-1353. [PMID: 38485451 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Our epithelium represents a battle ground against a variety of insults including pathogens and danger signals. It encodes multiple sensors that detect and respond to such insults, playing an essential role in maintaining and defending tissue homeostasis. One key set of defense mechanisms is our inflammasomes which drive innate immune responses including, sensing and responding to pathogen attack, through the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and cell death. Identification of physiologically relevant triggers for inflammasomes has greatly influenced our ability to decipher the mechanisms behind inflammasome activation. Furthermore, identification of patient mutations within inflammasome components implicates their involvement in a range of epithelial diseases. This review will focus on exploring the roles of inflammasomes in epithelial immunity and cover: the diversity and differential expression of inflammasome sensors amongst our epithelial barriers, their ability to sense local infection and damage and the contribution of the inflammasomes to epithelial homeostasis and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Samirah Robinson
- The Skin Innate Immunity and Inflammatory Disease Lab, Skin Research Centre, Department of Hull York Medical School, University of York, UK
- York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, UK
| | - Dave Boucher
- York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, UK
- Department of Biology, University of York, UK
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3
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Kappelhoff S, Margheritis EG, Cosentino K. New insights into Gasdermin D pore formation. Biochem Soc Trans 2024; 52:681-692. [PMID: 38497302 DOI: 10.1042/bst20230549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Gasdermin D (GSDMD) is a pore-forming protein that perforates the plasma membrane (PM) during pyroptosis, a pro-inflammatory form of cell death, to induce the unconventional secretion of inflammatory cytokines and, ultimately, cell lysis. GSDMD is activated by protease-mediated cleavage of its active N-terminal domain from the autoinhibitory C-terminal domain. Inflammatory caspase-1, -4/5 are the main activators of GSDMD via either the canonical or non-canonical pathways of inflammasome activation, but under certain stimuli, caspase-8 and other proteases can also activate GSDMD. Activated GSDMD can oligomerize and assemble into various nanostructures of different sizes and shapes that perforate cellular membranes, suggesting plasticity in pore formation. Although the exact mechanism of pore formation has not yet been deciphered, cysteine residues are emerging as crucial modulators of the oligomerization process. GSDMD pores and thus the outcome of pyroptosis can be modulated by various regulatory mechanisms. These include availability of activated GSDMD at the PM, control of the number of GSDMD pores by PM repair mechanisms, modulation of the lipid environment and post-translational modifications. Here, we review the latest findings on the mechanisms that induce GSDMD to form membrane pores and how they can be tightly regulated for cell content release and cell fate modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Kappelhoff
- Department of Biology/Chemistry and Center for Cellular Nanoanalytics (CellNanOs), University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Eleonora G Margheritis
- Department of Biology/Chemistry and Center for Cellular Nanoanalytics (CellNanOs), University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Katia Cosentino
- Department of Biology/Chemistry and Center for Cellular Nanoanalytics (CellNanOs), University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
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4
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Xu Z, Kombe Kombe AJ, Deng S, Zhang H, Wu S, Ruan J, Zhou Y, Jin T. NLRP inflammasomes in health and disease. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2024; 5:14. [PMID: 38644450 PMCID: PMC11033252 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-024-00179-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
NLRP inflammasomes are a group of cytosolic multiprotein oligomer pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) involved in the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) produced by infected cells. They regulate innate immunity by triggering a protective inflammatory response. However, despite their protective role, aberrant NLPR inflammasome activation and gain-of-function mutations in NLRP sensor proteins are involved in occurrence and enhancement of non-communicating autoimmune, auto-inflammatory, and neurodegenerative diseases. In the last few years, significant advances have been achieved in the understanding of the NLRP inflammasome physiological functions and their molecular mechanisms of activation, as well as therapeutics that target NLRP inflammasome activity in inflammatory diseases. Here, we provide the latest research progress on NLRP inflammasomes, including NLRP1, CARD8, NLRP3, NLRP6, NLRP7, NLRP2, NLRP9, NLRP10, and NLRP12 regarding their structural and assembling features, signaling transduction and molecular activation mechanisms. Importantly, we highlight the mechanisms associated with NLRP inflammasome dysregulation involved in numerous human auto-inflammatory, autoimmune, and neurodegenerative diseases. Overall, we summarize the latest discoveries in NLRP biology, their forming inflammasomes, and their role in health and diseases, and provide therapeutic strategies and perspectives for future studies about NLRP inflammasomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Xu
- Center of Disease Immunity and Intervention, College of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Arnaud John Kombe Kombe
- Laboratory of Structural Immunology, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Shasha Deng
- Laboratory of Structural Immunology, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- Center of Disease Immunity and Intervention, College of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Songquan Wu
- Center of Disease Immunity and Intervention, College of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Jianbin Ruan
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, 06030, USA.
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Core Facility Center, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China.
| | - Tengchuan Jin
- Center of Disease Immunity and Intervention, College of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, China.
- Laboratory of Structural Immunology, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Core Facility Center, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China.
- Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui, China.
- Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
- Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China.
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5
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Zhu C, Xu S, Jiang R, Yu Y, Bian J, Zou Z. The gasdermin family: emerging therapeutic targets in diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:87. [PMID: 38584157 PMCID: PMC10999458 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01801-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The gasdermin (GSDM) family has garnered significant attention for its pivotal role in immunity and disease as a key player in pyroptosis. This recently characterized class of pore-forming effector proteins is pivotal in orchestrating processes such as membrane permeabilization, pyroptosis, and the follow-up inflammatory response, which are crucial self-defense mechanisms against irritants and infections. GSDMs have been implicated in a range of diseases including, but not limited to, sepsis, viral infections, and cancer, either through involvement in pyroptosis or independently of this process. The regulation of GSDM-mediated pyroptosis is gaining recognition as a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of various diseases. Current strategies for inhibiting GSDMD primarily involve binding to GSDMD, blocking GSDMD cleavage or inhibiting GSDMD-N-terminal (NT) oligomerization, albeit with some off-target effects. In this review, we delve into the cutting-edge understanding of the interplay between GSDMs and pyroptosis, elucidate the activation mechanisms of GSDMs, explore their associations with a range of diseases, and discuss recent advancements and potential strategies for developing GSDMD inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Zhu
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- School of Anesthesiology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Sheng Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Ruoyu Jiang
- School of Anesthesiology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yizhi Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Jinjun Bian
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Zui Zou
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- School of Anesthesiology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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6
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He H, Li Y, Chen Y, Chen J, Li Z, Li L, Shi D, Zhang X, Shi H, Xue M, Feng L. NLRP1 restricts porcine deltacoronavirus infection via IL-11 inhibiting the phosphorylation of the ERK signaling pathway. J Virol 2024; 98:e0198223. [PMID: 38411106 PMCID: PMC10949457 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01982-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Continuously emerging highly pathogenic coronaviruses remain a major threat to human and animal health. Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a newly emerging enterotropic swine coronavirus that causes large-scale outbreaks of severe diarrhea disease in piglets. Unlike other porcine coronaviruses, PDCoV has a wide range of species tissue tropism, including primary human cells, which poses a significant risk of cross-species transmission. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor (NLR) family pyrin domain-containing 1 (NLRP1) has a key role in linking host innate immunity to microbes and the regulation of inflammatory pathways. We now report a role for NLRP1 in the control of PDCoV infection. Overexpression of NLRP1 remarkably suppressed PDCoV infection, whereas knockout of NLRP1 led to a significant increase in PDCoV replication. A mechanistic study revealed that NLRP1 suppressed PDCoV replication in cells by upregulating IL-11 expression, which in turn inhibited the phosphorylation of the ERK signaling pathway. Furthermore, the ERK phosphorylation inhibitor U0126 effectively hindered PDCoV replication in pigs. Together, our results demonstrated that NLRP1 exerted an anti-PDCoV effect by IL-11-mediated inhibition of the phosphorylation of the ERK signaling pathway, providing a novel antiviral signal axis of NLRP1-IL-11-ERK. This study expands our understanding of the regulatory network of NLRP1 in the host defense against virus infection and provides a new insight into the treatment of coronaviruses and the development of corresponding drugs.IMPORTANCECoronavirus, which mainly infects gastrointestinal and respiratory epithelial cells in vivo, poses a huge threat to both humans and animals. Although porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is known to primarily cause fatal diarrhea in piglets, reports detected in plasma samples from Haitian children emphasize the potential risk of animal-to-human spillover. Finding effective therapeutics against coronaviruses is crucial for controlling viral infection. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization-like receptor (NLR) family pyrin domain-containing 1 (NLRP1), a key regulatory factor in the innate immune system, is highly expressed in epithelial cells and associated with the pathogenesis of viruses. We demonstrate here that NLRP1 inhibits the infection of the intestinal coronavirus PDCoV through IL-11-mediated phosphorylation inhibition of the ERK signaling pathway. Furthermore, the ERK phosphorylation inhibitor can control the infection of PDCoV in pigs. Our study emphasizes the importance of NLRP1 as an immune regulatory factor and may open up new avenues for the treatment of coronavirus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojie He
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yongfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yunyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jianfei Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhongyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Liang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Da Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hongyan Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Mei Xue
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Li Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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7
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Tsukidate T, Hespen CW, Hang HC. Small molecule modulators of immune pattern recognition receptors. RSC Chem Biol 2023; 4:1014-1036. [PMID: 38033733 PMCID: PMC10685800 DOI: 10.1039/d3cb00096f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) represent a re-emerging class of therapeutic targets for vaccine adjuvants, inflammatory diseases and cancer. In this review article, we summarize exciting developments in discovery and characterization of small molecule PRR modulators, focusing on Toll-like receptors (TLRs), NOD-like receptors (NLRs) and the cGAS-STING pathway. We also highlight PRRs that are currently lacking small molecule modulators and opportunities for chemical biology and therapeutic discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Tsukidate
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Microbial Pathogenesis, The Rockefeller University, New York New York 10065 USA
| | - Charles W Hespen
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Microbial Pathogenesis, The Rockefeller University, New York New York 10065 USA
| | - Howard C Hang
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Microbial Pathogenesis, The Rockefeller University, New York New York 10065 USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology and Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla California 92037 USA
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8
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Rodríguez‐Ruiz L, Lozano‐Gil JM, Naranjo‐Sánchez E, Martínez‐Balsalobre E, Martínez‐López A, Lachaud C, Blanquer M, Phung TK, García‐Moreno D, Cayuela ML, Tyrkalska SD, Pérez‐Oliva AB, Mulero V. ZAKα/P38 kinase signaling pathway regulates hematopoiesis by activating the NLRP1 inflammasome. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e18142. [PMID: 37675820 PMCID: PMC10565642 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202318142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory diseases are associated with hematopoietic lineage bias, including neutrophilia and anemia. We have recently identified that the canonical inflammasome mediates the cleavage of the master erythroid transcription factor GATA1 in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). We report here that genetic inhibition of Nlrp1 resulted in reduced number of neutrophils and increased erythrocyte counts in zebrafish larvae. We also found that the NLRP1 inflammasome in human cells was inhibited by LRRFIP1 and FLII, independently of DPP9, and both inhibitors regulated hematopoiesis. Mechanistically, erythroid differentiation resulted in ribosomal stress-induced activation of the ZAKα/P38 kinase axis which, in turn, phosphorylated and promoted the assembly of NLRP1 in both zebrafish and human. Finally, inhibition of Zaka with the FDA/EMA-approved drug Nilotinib alleviated neutrophilia in a zebrafish model of neutrophilic inflammation and promoted erythroid differentiation and GATA1 accumulation in K562 cells. In conclusion, our results reveal that the NLRP1 inflammasome regulates hematopoiesis and pave the way to develop novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of hematopoietic alterations associated with chronic inflammatory and rare diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lola Rodríguez‐Ruiz
- Departmento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de BiologíaUniversidad de MurciaMurciaSpain
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)‐Pascual ParrillaMurciaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Juan M Lozano‐Gil
- Departmento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de BiologíaUniversidad de MurciaMurciaSpain
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)‐Pascual ParrillaMurciaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Elena Naranjo‐Sánchez
- Departmento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de BiologíaUniversidad de MurciaMurciaSpain
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)‐Pascual ParrillaMurciaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
- Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la ArrixacaMurciaSpain
| | - Elena Martínez‐Balsalobre
- Departmento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de BiologíaUniversidad de MurciaMurciaSpain
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)‐Pascual ParrillaMurciaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
- Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la ArrixacaMurciaSpain
| | - Alicia Martínez‐López
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)‐Pascual ParrillaMurciaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Christophe Lachaud
- Aix‐Marseille University, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli‐Calmettes, CRCMMarseilleFrance
| | - Miguel Blanquer
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)‐Pascual ParrillaMurciaSpain
- Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la ArrixacaMurciaSpain
- Departamento de Medicina y Unidad de Terapia Celular y Trasplante Hematopoyético, Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MurciaMurciaSpain
| | - Toan K Phung
- MRC PPU, Sir James Black Centre, School of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeDundeeUK
| | - Diana García‐Moreno
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)‐Pascual ParrillaMurciaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - María L Cayuela
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)‐Pascual ParrillaMurciaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
- Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la ArrixacaMurciaSpain
| | - Sylwia D Tyrkalska
- Departmento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de BiologíaUniversidad de MurciaMurciaSpain
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)‐Pascual ParrillaMurciaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Ana B Pérez‐Oliva
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)‐Pascual ParrillaMurciaSpain
| | - Victoriano Mulero
- Departmento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de BiologíaUniversidad de MurciaMurciaSpain
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)‐Pascual ParrillaMurciaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
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Shi W, Jin M, Chen H, Wu Z, Yuan L, Liang S, Wang X, Memon FU, Eldemery F, Si H, Ou C. Inflammasome activation by viral infection: mechanisms of activation and regulation. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1247377. [PMID: 37608944 PMCID: PMC10440708 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1247377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral diseases are the most common problems threatening human health, livestock, and poultry industries worldwide. Viral infection is a complex and competitive dynamic biological process between a virus and a host/target cell. During viral infection, inflammasomes play important roles in the host and confer defense mechanisms against the virus. Inflammasomes are polymeric protein complexes and are considered important components of the innate immune system. These immune factors recognize the signals of cell damage or pathogenic microbial infection after activation by the canonical pathway or non-canonical pathway and transmit signals to the immune system to initiate the inflammatory responses. However, some viruses inhibit the activation of the inflammasomes in order to replicate and proliferate in the host. In recent years, the role of inflammasome activation and/or inhibition during viral infection has been increasingly recognized. Therefore, in this review, we describe the biological properties of the inflammasome associated with viral infection, discuss the potential mechanisms that activate and/or inhibit NLRP1, NLRP3, and AIM2 inflammasomes by different viruses, and summarize the reciprocal regulatory effects of viral infection on the NLRP3 inflammasome in order to explore the relationship between viral infection and inflammasomes. This review will pave the way for future studies on the activation mechanisms of inflammasomes and provide novel insights for the development of antiviral therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Mengyun Jin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Hao Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | | | - Liuyang Yuan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Si Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Fareed Uddin Memon
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Fatma Eldemery
- Department of Hygiene and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hongbin Si
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning, China
| | - Changbo Ou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning, China
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10
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Yiu SPT, Zerbe C, Vanderwall D, Huttlin EL, Weekes MP, Gewurz BE. An Epstein-Barr virus protein interaction map reveals NLRP3 inflammasome evasion via MAVS UFMylation. Mol Cell 2023; 83:2367-2386.e15. [PMID: 37311461 PMCID: PMC10372749 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) causes infectious mononucleosis, triggers multiple sclerosis, and is associated with 200,000 cancers/year. EBV colonizes the human B cell compartment and periodically reactivates, inducing expression of 80 viral proteins. However, much remains unknown about how EBV remodels host cells and dismantles key antiviral responses. We therefore created a map of EBV-host and EBV-EBV interactions in B cells undergoing EBV replication, uncovering conserved herpesvirus versus EBV-specific host cell targets. The EBV-encoded G-protein-coupled receptor BILF1 associated with MAVS and the UFM1 E3 ligase UFL1. Although UFMylation of 14-3-3 proteins drives RIG-I/MAVS signaling, BILF1-directed MAVS UFMylation instead triggered MAVS packaging into mitochondrial-derived vesicles and lysosomal proteolysis. In the absence of BILF1, EBV replication activated the NLRP3 inflammasome, which impaired viral replication and triggered pyroptosis. Our results provide a viral protein interaction network resource, reveal a UFM1-dependent pathway for selective degradation of mitochondrial cargo, and highlight BILF1 as a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Pei Tung Yiu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Graduate Program in Virology, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Center for Integrated Solutions to Infectious Diseases, Broad Institute and Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02115, USA; Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Cassie Zerbe
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - David Vanderwall
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Edward L Huttlin
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael P Weekes
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK.
| | - Benjamin E Gewurz
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Graduate Program in Virology, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Center for Integrated Solutions to Infectious Diseases, Broad Institute and Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02115, USA; Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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11
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Zhang X, Lan Q, Zhang M, Wang F, Shi K, Li X, Kuang E. Inhibition of AIM2 inflammasome activation by SOX/ORF37 promotes lytic replication of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2300204120. [PMID: 37364111 PMCID: PMC10318979 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2300204120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammasomes are one kind of important innate immune defense against viral and bacterial infections. Several inflammasome-forming sensors detect molecular patterns of invading pathogens and then trigger inflammasome activation and/or pyroptosis in infected cells, and viruses employ unique strategies to hijack or subvert inflammasome activation. Infection with herpesviruses induces the activation of diverse inflammasomes, including AIM2 and IFI16 inflammasomes; however, how Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) counteracts inflammasome activation largely remains unclear. Here, we reveal that the KSHV ORF37-encoded SOX protein suppresses AIM2 inflammasome activation independent of its viral DNA exonuclease activity and host mRNA turnover. SOX interacts with the AIM2 HIN domain through the C-terminal Motif VII region and disrupts AIM2:dsDNA polymerization and ASC recruitment and oligomerization. The Y443A or F444A mutation of SOX abolishes the inhibition of AIM2 inflammasome without disrupting SOX nuclease activity, and a short SOX peptide is capable of inhibiting AIM2 inflammasome activation; consequently, infection with SOX-null, Y443A, or F444A Bac16 recombinant viruses results in robust inflammasome activation, suppressed lytic replication, and increased pyroptosis in human lymphatic endothelial cells in an AIM2-dependent manner. These results reveal that KSHV SOX suppresses AIM2 inflammasome activation to promote KSHV lytic replication and inhibit pyroptosis, representing a unique mechanism for evasion of inflammasome activation during KSHV lytic cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Zhang
- Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong510080, China
| | - Qingping Lan
- Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong510080, China
| | - Mingyu Zhang
- Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong510080, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong510080, China
| | - Keyi Shi
- Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong510080, China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- College of Clinical Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei430061, China
| | - Ersheng Kuang
- Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong510080, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong510080, China
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12
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Bulté D, Rigamonti C, Romano A, Mortellaro A. Inflammasomes: Mechanisms of Action and Involvement in Human Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:1766. [PMID: 37443800 PMCID: PMC10340308 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammasome complexes and their integral receptor proteins have essential roles in regulating the innate immune response and inflammation at the post-translational level. Yet despite their protective role, aberrant activation of inflammasome proteins and gain of function mutations in inflammasome component genes seem to contribute to the development and progression of human autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. In the past decade, our understanding of inflammasome biology and activation mechanisms has greatly progressed. We therefore provide an up-to-date overview of the various inflammasomes and their known mechanisms of action. In addition, we highlight the involvement of various inflammasomes and their pathogenic mechanisms in common autoinflammatory, autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases, including atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel disease, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis. We conclude by speculating on the future avenues of research needed to better understand the roles of inflammasomes in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri Bulté
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy; (D.B.); (C.R.); (A.R.)
| | - Chiara Rigamonti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy; (D.B.); (C.R.); (A.R.)
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Romano
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy; (D.B.); (C.R.); (A.R.)
| | - Alessandra Mortellaro
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy; (D.B.); (C.R.); (A.R.)
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13
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Wu N, Zheng C, Xu J, Ma S, Jia H, Yan M, An F, Zhou Y, Qi J, Bian H. Race between virus and inflammasomes: inhibition or escape, intervention and therapy. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1173505. [PMID: 37465759 PMCID: PMC10351387 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1173505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The inflammasome is a multiprotein complex that further regulates cell pyroptosis and inflammation by activating caspase-1. The assembly and activation of inflammasome are associated with a variety of diseases. Accumulative studies have shown that inflammasome is a key modulator of the host's defense response to viral infection. Indeed, it has been established that activation of inflammasome occurs during viral infection. At the same time, the host has evolved a variety of corresponding mechanisms to inhibit unnecessary inflammasome activation. Therefore, here, we review and summarize the latest research progress on the interaction between inflammosomes and viruses, highlight the assembly and activation of inflammosome in related cells after viral infection, as well as the corresponding molecular regulatory mechanisms, and elucidate the effects of this activation on virus immune escape and host innate and adaptive immune defenses. Finally, we also discuss the potential therapeutic strategies to prevent and/or ameliorate viral infection-related diseases via targeting inflammasomes and its products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nijin Wu
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chunzhi Zheng
- Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases and Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiarui Xu
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shujun Ma
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Huimin Jia
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Meizhu Yan
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Fuxiang An
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jianni Qi
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hongjun Bian
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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14
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Murata T. Tegument proteins of Epstein-Barr virus: Diverse functions, complex networks, and oncogenesis. Tumour Virus Res 2023; 15:200260. [PMID: 37169175 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvr.2023.200260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The tegument is the structure between the envelope and nucleocapsid of herpesvirus particles. Viral (and cellular) proteins accumulate to create the layers of the tegument. Some Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) tegument proteins are conserved widely in Herpesviridae, but others are shared only by members of the gamma-herpesvirus subfamily. As the interface to envelope and nucleocapsid, the tegument functions in virion morphogenesis and budding of the nucleocapsid during progeny production. When a virus particle enters a cell, enzymes such as kinase and deubiquitinase, and transcriptional activators are released from the virion to promote virus infection. Moreover, some EBV tegument proteins are involved in oncogenesis. Here, we summarize the roles of EBV tegument proteins, in comparison to those of other herpesviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Murata
- Department of Virology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan.
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15
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Damania B, Dittmer DP. Today's Kaposi sarcoma is not the same as it was 40 years ago, or is it? J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28773. [PMID: 37212317 PMCID: PMC10266714 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This review will provide an overview of the notion that Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a disease that manifests under diverse and divergent circumstances. We begin with a historical introduction of KS and KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), highlight the diversity of clinical presentations of KS, summarize what we know about the cell of origin for this tumor, explore KSHV viral load as a potential biomarker for acute KSHV infections and KS-associated complications, and discuss immune modulators that impact KSHV infection, KSHV persistence, and KS disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blossom Damania
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 450 West Drive CB#7295, Rm 12-048, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Dirk P. Dittmer
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 450 West Drive CB#7295, Rm 12-048, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
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16
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Atyeo N, Chae MY, Toth Z, Sharma A, Papp B. Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Immediate Early Proteins Trigger FOXQ1 Expression in Oral Epithelial Cells, Engaging in a Novel Lytic Cycle-Sustaining Positive Feedback Loop. J Virol 2023; 97:e0169622. [PMID: 36815831 PMCID: PMC10062149 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01696-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is an oncogenic gammaherpesvirus that can replicate in oral epithelial cells to promote viral transmission via saliva. To identify novel regulators of KSHV oral infection, we performed a transcriptome analysis of KSHV-infected primary human gingival epithelial (HGEP) cells, which identified the gene coding for the host transcription factor FOXQ1 as the top induced host gene. FOXQ1 is nearly undetectable in uninfected HGEP and telomerase-immortalized gingival keratinocytes (TIGK) cells but is highly expressed within hours of KSHV infection. We found that while the FOXQ1 promoter lacks activating histone acetylation marks in uninfected oral epithelial cells, these marks accumulate in the FOXQ1 promoter in infected cells, revealing a rapid epigenetic reprogramming event. To evaluate FOXQ1 function, we depleted FOXQ1 in KSHV-infected TIGK cells, which resulted in reduced accumulation of KSHV lytic proteins and viral DNA over the course of 4 days of infection, uncovering a novel lytic cycle-sustaining role of FOXQ1. A screen of KSHV lytic proteins demonstrated that the immediate early proteins ORF45 and replication and transcription activator (RTA) were both sufficient for FOXQ1 induction in oral epithelial cells, indicating active involvement of incoming and rapidly expressed factors in altering host gene expression. ORF45 is known to sustain extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) p90 ribosomal s6 kinase (RSK) pathway activity to promote lytic infection. We found that an ORF45 mutant lacking RSK activation function failed to induce FOXQ1 in TIGK cells, revealing that ORF45 uses a shared mechanism to rapidly induce both host and viral genes to sustain lytic infection in oral epithelial cells. IMPORTANCE The oral cavity is a primary site of initial contact and entry for many viruses. Viral replication in the oral epithelium promotes viral shedding in saliva, allowing interpersonal transmission, as well as spread to other cell types, where chronic infection can be established. Understanding the regulation of KSHV infection in the oral epithelium would allow for the design of universal strategies to target the first stage of viral infection, thereby halting systemic viral pathogenesis. Overall, we uncover a novel positive feedback loop in which immediate early KSHV factors drive rapid host reprogramming of oral epithelial cells to sustain the lytic cycle in the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Atyeo
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Min Young Chae
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Zsolt Toth
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Aria Sharma
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Bernadett Papp
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Informatics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Center for Orphaned Autoimmune Disorders, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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17
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Moecking J, Laohamonthonkul P, Meşe K, Hagelueken G, Steiner A, Harapas CR, Sandow JJ, Graves JD, Masters SL, Geyer M. Inflammasome sensor NLRP1 disease variant M1184V promotes autoproteolysis and DPP9 complex formation by stabilizing the FIIND domain. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102645. [PMID: 36309085 PMCID: PMC9700037 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The inflammasome sensor NLRP1 (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor containing a pyrin domain 1) detects a variety of pathogen-derived molecular patterns to induce an inflammatory immune response by triggering pyroptosis and cytokine release. A number of mutations and polymorphisms of NLRP1 are known to cause autoinflammatory diseases, the functional characterization of which contributes to a better understanding of NLRP1 regulation. Here, we assessed the effect of the common NLRP1 variant M1184V, associated with asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, and diabetes, on the protein level. Our size-exclusion chromatography experiments show that M1184V stabilizes the "function-to-find" domain (FIIND) in a monomeric conformation. This effect is independent of autoproteolysis. In addition, molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the methionine residue increases flexibility within the ZU5 domain, whereas valine decreases flexibility, potentially indirectly stabilizing the catalytic triad responsible for autocleavage. By keeping the FIIND domain monomeric, formation of a multimer of full-length NLRP1 is promoted. We found that the stabilizing effect of the valine further leads to improved dipeptidyl peptidase 9 (DPP9)-binding capacities for the FIIND domain as well as the full-length protein as determined by surface plasmon resonance. Moreover, our immunoprecipitation experiments confirmed increased DPP9 binding for the M1184V protein in cells, consistent with improved formation of an autoinhibited complex with DPP9 in activity assays. Collectively, our study establishes a molecular rationale for the dichotomous involvement of the NLRP1 variant M1184V in autoimmune syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Moecking
- Institute of Structural Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Pawat Laohamonthonkul
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kubilay Meşe
- Institute of Structural Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gregor Hagelueken
- Institute of Structural Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Annemarie Steiner
- Institute of Structural Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cassandra R. Harapas
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jarrod J. Sandow
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Seth L. Masters
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthias Geyer
- Institute of Structural Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany,For correspondence: Matthias Geyer
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18
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NLRP1 in Cutaneous SCCs: An Example of the Complex Roles of Inflammasomes in Cancer Development. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012308. [PMID: 36293159 PMCID: PMC9603439 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein complexes termed inflammasomes ensure tissue protection from pathogenic and sterile stressors by induction of inflammation. This is mediated by different caspase-1-induced downstream pathways, including activation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines proIL-1β and -18, induction of a lytic type of cell death, and regulation of the release of other pro-inflammatory molecules. Aberrant inflammasome activation underlies the pathology of numerous (auto)inflammatory diseases. Furthermore, inflammasomes support or suppress tumor development in a complex cell-type- and stage-dependent manner. In human keratinocytes and skin, NLRP1 is the central inflammasome sensor activated by cellular perturbation induced, for example, by UVB radiation. UVB represents the main inducer of skin cancer, which is the most common type of malignancy in humans. Recent evidence demonstrates that activation of NLRP1 in human skin supports the development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (cSCCs) by inducing skin inflammation. In contrast, the NLRP1 inflammasome pathway is restrained in established cSCCs, suggesting that, at this stage, the protein complex has a tumor suppressor role. A better understanding of the complex functions of NLRP1 in the development of cSCCs and in general of inflammasomes in cancer might pave the way for novel strategies for cancer prevention and therapy. These strategies might include stage-specific modulation of inflammasome activation or its downstream pathways by mono- or combination therapy.
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19
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Guy C, Bowie AG. Recent insights into innate immune nucleic acid sensing during viral infection. Curr Opin Immunol 2022; 78:102250. [PMID: 36209576 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2022.102250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in our understanding of nucleic acid pattern-recognition receptor (PRR) sensing of viruses have revealed a previously unappreciated level of complexity of the host antiviral response. As well as direct recognition of viral nucleic acid by PRRs, viruses also induce the release of host nucleic acid from the nucleus and mitochondria into the cytosol, which boosts nucleic acid activation of antiviral PRRs. Crosstalk and cooperation between DNA- and RNA-recognition signaling pathways has also been revealed, as has direct restriction of viral genomes in an interferon-independent manner by PRRs, and new roles for inflammasomes in sensing viral nucleic acid. Further, newly identified viral-evasion strategies targeting PRR pathways emphasize the importance of nucleic acid detection during viral infection at the host-pathogen innate immune interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coralie Guy
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Andrew G Bowie
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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20
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The ORF45 Protein of Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus and Its Critical Role in the Viral Life Cycle. Viruses 2022; 14:v14092010. [PMID: 36146816 PMCID: PMC9506158 DOI: 10.3390/v14092010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) protein ORF45 is a virion-associated tegument protein that is unique to the gammaherpesvirus family. Generation of KSHV ORF45-knockout mutants and their subsequent functional analyses have permitted a better understanding of ORF45 and its context-specific and vital role in the KSHV lytic cycle. ORF45 is a multifaceted protein that promotes infection at both the early and late phases of the viral life cycle. As an immediate-early protein, ORF45 is expressed within hours of KSHV lytic reactivation and plays an essential role in promoting the lytic cycle, using multiple mechanisms, including inhibition of the host interferon response. As a tegument protein, ORF45 is necessary for the proper targeting of the viral capsid for envelopment and release, affecting the late stage of the viral life cycle. A growing list of ORF45 interaction partners have been identified, with one of the most well-characterized being the association of ORF45 with the host extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK) p90 ribosomal s6 kinase (RSK) signaling cascade. In this review, we describe ORF45 expression kinetics, as well as the host and viral interaction partners of ORF45 and the significance of these interactions in KSHV biology. Finally, we discuss the role of ORF45 homologs in gammaherpesvirus infections.
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21
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Activation and Pharmacological Regulation of Inflammasomes. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12071005. [PMID: 35883561 PMCID: PMC9313256 DOI: 10.3390/biom12071005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammasomes are intracellular signaling complexes of the innate immune system, which is part of the response to exogenous pathogens or physiological aberration. The multiprotein complexes mainly consist of sensor proteins, adaptors, and pro-caspase-1. The assembly of the inflammasome upon extracellular and intracellular cues drives the activation of caspase-1, which processes pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 to maturation and gasdermin-D for pore formation, leading to pyroptosis and cytokine release. Inflammasome signaling functions in numerous infectious or sterile inflammatory diseases, including inherited autoinflammatory diseases, metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, cancers, neurodegenerative disorders, and COVID-19. In this review, we summarized current ideas on the organization and activation of inflammasomes, with details on the molecular mechanisms, regulations, and interventions. The recent developments of pharmacological strategies targeting inflammasomes as disease therapeutics were also covered.
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22
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Viral protein activates the NLRP1 inflammasome. Nat Immunol 2022; 23:822-824. [PMID: 35618832 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-022-01226-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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