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Connors J, Cusimano G, Mege N, Woloszczuk K, Konopka E, Bell M, Joyner D, Marcy J, Tardif V, Kutzler MA, Muir R, Haddad EK. Using the power of innate immunoprofiling to understand vaccine design, infection, and immunity. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2267295. [PMID: 37885158 PMCID: PMC10760375 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2267295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In the field of immunology, a systems biology approach is crucial to understanding the immune response to infection and vaccination considering the complex interplay between genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Significant progress has been made in understanding the innate immune response, including cell players and critical signaling pathways, but many questions remain unanswered, including how the innate immune response dictates host/pathogen responses and responses to vaccines. To complicate things further, it is becoming increasingly clear that the innate immune response is not a linear pathway but is formed from complex networks and interactions. To further our understanding of the crosstalk and complexities, systems-level analyses and expanded experimental technologies are now needed. In this review, we discuss the most recent immunoprofiling techniques and discuss systems approaches to studying the global innate immune landscape which will inform on the development of personalized medicine and innovative vaccine strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Connors
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gina Cusimano
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nathan Mege
- Tower Health, Reading Hospital, West Reading, PA, USA
| | - Kyra Woloszczuk
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Emily Konopka
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Matthew Bell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Joyner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer Marcy
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Virginie Tardif
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michele A. Kutzler
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Roshell Muir
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Family, Community, and Preventative Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elias K. Haddad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Mazzotta V, Matusali G, Oliva A, Maggi F, Antinori A. Progress in the evaluation of modified vaccinia Ankara vaccine against mpox. THE LANCET. INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2023; 23:1214-1215. [PMID: 37475114 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(23)00369-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Mazzotta
- Clinical and Research Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome 00149, Italy.
| | - Giulia Matusali
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome 00149, Italy
| | - Alessandra Oliva
- Clinical and Research Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome 00149, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Maggi
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome 00149, Italy
| | - Andrea Antinori
- Clinical and Research Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome 00149, Italy
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An Overview of Current Accomplishments and Gaps of COVID-19 Vaccine Platforms and Considerations for Next Generation Vaccines. J Pharm Sci 2023; 112:1345-1350. [PMID: 36736775 PMCID: PMC9891786 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 have transformed the course of the COVID-19 pandemic with more than 30 authorizations. More than 2 billion people have been vaccinated with these vaccines developed on very different manufacturing platforms. We have reviewed the unprecedented work done in various aspects of the authorized vaccines and listed three potential improvements: 1) long-term stability at room-temperature conditions; 2) suitability for diverse populations such as infants, elderly, immune-compromised, and those with pre-existing or ongoing diseases; and 3) ability to act against different strains. In this article, we have discussed the current status of COVID-19 vaccines with respect to 1) diversity (strength and breadth) of initial immune responses and long-term immune memory; 2) prime-boost combinations that induce protection against variants; and 3) breakthrough infections. Further, we have listed host, product (critical quality attributes), and viral pathogenic factors that contribute to safety, efficacy, and effectiveness of vaccines. In addition, we have elaborated on the potential to (develop models and) determine the immune correlates that can predict long-term immune memory. The graphical representation of the abstract is provided as Fig. 1.
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