Body Schema Self-Awareness and Related Dream Content Modifications in Amputees Due to Cancer.
Brain Sci 2021;
11:brainsci11121625. [PMID:
34942926 PMCID:
PMC8699339 DOI:
10.3390/brainsci11121625]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE
the evaluation of body image perception, pain coping strategies, and dream content, together with phantom limb and telescoping phenomena in patients with sarcoma who underwent surgery for limb amputation.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
consecutive outpatients were evaluated at T0 (within 3 weeks after surgery) and T1 (4-6 months after surgery) as follows: demographic and clinical data collection; the Groningen Questionnaire Problems after Arm Amputation; the West Haven-Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory; the Body Image Concern Inventory, a clinical trial to identify telescoping; and a weekly diary of dreams. Dream contents were coded according to the Hall and Van de Castle coding system.
RESULTS
Twenty patients completed the study (15 males and 5 females, mean age: 53.9 ± 24.6, education: 7.8 ± 3.4). All subjects experienced phantom limb and 35% of them experienced telescoping soon after surgery, and 25% still after 4-6 months. Both at T0 and T1, that half of the subjects reported dreams about still having their missing limbs. At T1 the patients' perceptions of being able to deal with problems were lower, and pain and its interference in everyday life were higher yet associated with significant engagement in everyday activities and an overall good mood. The dream content analysis highlighted that males were less worried about health problems soon after amputation, and women showed more initial difficulties that seemed to be resolved after 4-6 months after surgery.
CONCLUSIONS
The dream content analysis may improve clinicians' ability to support their patients during their therapeutic course.
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