1
|
Chen M, Jiang X, Zhang L, Chen X, Wen Y, Gu Z, Li X, Zheng M. The emergence of machine learning force fields in drug design. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:1147-1182. [PMID: 38173298 DOI: 10.1002/med.22008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
In the field of molecular simulation for drug design, traditional molecular mechanic force fields and quantum chemical theories have been instrumental but limited in terms of scalability and computational efficiency. To overcome these limitations, machine learning force fields (MLFFs) have emerged as a powerful tool capable of balancing accuracy with efficiency. MLFFs rely on the relationship between molecular structures and potential energy, bypassing the need for a preconceived notion of interaction representations. Their accuracy depends on the machine learning models used, and the quality and volume of training data sets. With recent advances in equivariant neural networks and high-quality datasets, MLFFs have significantly improved their performance. This review explores MLFFs, emphasizing their potential in drug design. It elucidates MLFF principles, provides development and validation guidelines, and highlights successful MLFF implementations. It also addresses potential challenges in developing and applying MLFFs. The review concludes by illuminating the path ahead for MLFFs, outlining the challenges to be overcome and the opportunities to be harnessed. This inspires researchers to embrace MLFFs in their investigations as a new tool to perform molecular simulations in drug design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingan Chen
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyu Jiang
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lehan Zhang
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxu Chen
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiming Wen
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyong Gu
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xutong Li
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyue Zheng
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang Y, Wang T, Li S, He X, Li M, Wang Z, Zheng N, Shao B, Liu TY. Enhancing geometric representations for molecules with equivariant vector-scalar interactive message passing. Nat Commun 2024; 15:313. [PMID: 38182565 PMCID: PMC10770089 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43720-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Geometric deep learning has been revolutionizing the molecular modeling field. Despite the state-of-the-art neural network models are approaching ab initio accuracy for molecular property prediction, their applications, such as drug discovery and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, have been hindered by insufficient utilization of geometric information and high computational costs. Here we propose an equivariant geometry-enhanced graph neural network called ViSNet, which elegantly extracts geometric features and efficiently models molecular structures with low computational costs. Our proposed ViSNet outperforms state-of-the-art approaches on multiple MD benchmarks, including MD17, revised MD17 and MD22, and achieves excellent chemical property prediction on QM9 and Molecule3D datasets. Furthermore, through a series of simulations and case studies, ViSNet can efficiently explore the conformational space and provide reasonable interpretability to map geometric representations to molecular structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusong Wang
- Microsoft Research AI4Science, 100080, Beijing, China
- National Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Hybrid Augmented Intelligence, National Engineering Research Center for Visual Information and Applications, and Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Microsoft Research AI4Science, 100080, Beijing, China.
| | - Shaoning Li
- Microsoft Research AI4Science, 100080, Beijing, China
| | - Xinheng He
- Microsoft Research AI4Science, 100080, Beijing, China
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research and State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201203, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyu Li
- Microsoft Research AI4Science, 100080, Beijing, China
- Medicinal Chemistry and Bioinformatics Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Zun Wang
- Microsoft Research AI4Science, 100080, Beijing, China
| | - Nanning Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Hybrid Augmented Intelligence, National Engineering Research Center for Visual Information and Applications, and Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China
| | - Bin Shao
- Microsoft Research AI4Science, 100080, Beijing, China.
| | - Tie-Yan Liu
- Microsoft Research AI4Science, 100080, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|