1
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Ngai KL. Origin of ργ/ T scaling of primary and secondary conductivity relaxation times in mixture of water with protic ionic liquid. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024. [PMID: 39118411 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01959h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Murali et al. [J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 2024, 15, 3376-3382] made ambient and high pressure dielectric measurements of a supercooled aqueous mixture of an acidic ionic liquid to find the presence of the primary (σ) conductivity relaxation together with the secondary (ν) conductivity relaxation originating from the water clusters confined by the cations and anions with relaxation times τσ and τν respectively. From the isothermal and isobaric conductivity relaxation data found on varying thermodynamic conditions (i.e. T and P) at constant τσ are the invariance of (i) the frequency dispersion or the Kohlrausch function exponent (1 - n) of the primary conductivity relaxation, and (ii) the ratio of the primary and secondary conductivity times, τσ/τν. This co-invariance of τσ, τν, and (1 - n) at constant τσ was observed before in non-aqueous ionic liquids, but it is found for the first time in aqueous ionic liquids. The new data together with PVT measurements enable Murali et al. to show additionally that both τσ and τν are functions of ργ/T with a single exponent γ = 0.58. The Coupling model is the only theory predicting the co-invariance of τσ, τν, and (1 - n) as well as the ργ/T scaling of both τσ and τν. It is applied herein to address and explain the data of the ionic liquid-water mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Ngai
- Institute for Chemical and Physical Processes (IPCF), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) Largo B, Pontecorvo 3, Pisa I-56127, Italy.
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2
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Knudsen PA, Heyes DM, Niss K, Dini D, Bailey NP. Invariant dynamics in a united-atom model of an ionic liquid. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:034503. [PMID: 38230811 DOI: 10.1063/5.0177373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
We study a united-atom model of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethyl)sulfonylamide to determine to what extent there exist curves in the phase diagram along which the microscopic dynamics are invariant when expressed in dimensionless, or reduced, form. The initial identification of these curves, termed isodynes, is made by noting that contours of reduced shear viscosity and reduced self-diffusion coefficient coincide to a good approximation. Choosing specifically the contours of reduced viscosity as nominal isodynes, further simulations were carried out for state points on these, and other aspects of dynamics were investigated to study their degree of invariance. These include the mean-squared displacement, shear-stress autocorrelation function, and various rotational correlation functions. These were invariant to a good approximation, with the main exception being rotations of the anion about its long axis. The dynamical features that are invariant have in common that they are aspects that would be relevant for a coarse-grained description of the system; specifically, removing the most microscopic degrees of freedom in principle leads to a simplification of the potential energy landscape, which allows for the existence of isodynes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Knudsen
- "Glass and Time," IMFUFA, Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, P.O. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - David M Heyes
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Kristine Niss
- "Glass and Time," IMFUFA, Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, P.O. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Daniele Dini
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas P Bailey
- "Glass and Time," IMFUFA, Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, P.O. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
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3
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Valenti S, Arioli M, Jamett A, Tamarit JL, Puiggalí J, Macovez R. Amorphous solid dispersions of curcumin in a poly(ester amide): Antiplasticizing effect on the glass transition and macromolecular relaxation dynamics, and controlled release. Int J Pharm 2023; 644:123333. [PMID: 37597594 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
In order to exploit the pharmacological potential of natural bioactive molecules with low water solubility, such as curcumin, it is necessary to develop formulations, such as amorphous polymer dispersions, which allow a constant release rate and at the same time avoid possible toxicity effects of the crystalline form of the molecule under scrutiny. In this study, polymer dispersions of curcumin were obtained in PADAS, a biodegradable semicrystalline copolymer based on 1,12-dodecanediol, sebacic acid and alanine. The dispersions were fully characterized by means of differential scanning calorimetry and broadband dielectric spectroscopy, and the drug release profile was measured in a simulated body fluid. Amorphous homogeneous binary dispersions were obtained for curcumin mass fraction between 30 and 50%. Curcumin has significantly higher glass transition temperature Tg (≈ 347 K) than the polymer matrix (≈274-277 K depending on the molecular weight), and dispersions displayed Tg's intermediate between those of the pure amorphous components, implying that curcumin acts as an effective antiplasticizer for PADAS. Dielectric spectroscopy was employed to assess the relaxation dynamics of the binary dispersion with 30 wt% curcumin, as well as that of each (amorphous) component separately. The binary dispersion was characterized by a single structural relaxation, a single Johari-Goldstein process, and two local intramolecular processes, one for each component. Interestingly, the latter processes scaled with the Tg of the sample, indicating that they are viscosity-sensitive. In addition, both the pristine polymer and the dispersion exhibited an interfacial Maxwell-Wagner relaxation, likely due to spatial heterogeneities associated with phase disproportionation in this polymer. The release of curcumin from the dispersion in a simulated body fluid followed a Fickian diffusion profile, and 51% of the initial curcumin content was released in 48 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Valenti
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, E-08019 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Synthetic Polymers: Structure and Properties. Biodegradable Polymers, Departament de Enginyeria Química, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EEBE, Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, E-08019 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Grup de Caracterització de Materials, Departament de Física, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EEBE, Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, E-08019 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Matteo Arioli
- Synthetic Polymers: Structure and Properties. Biodegradable Polymers, Departament de Enginyeria Química, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EEBE, Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, E-08019 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Alex Jamett
- Grup de Caracterització de Materials, Departament de Física, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EEBE, Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, E-08019 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Josep Lluís Tamarit
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, E-08019 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Grup de Caracterització de Materials, Departament de Física, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EEBE, Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, E-08019 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jordi Puiggalí
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, E-08019 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Synthetic Polymers: Structure and Properties. Biodegradable Polymers, Departament de Enginyeria Química, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EEBE, Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, E-08019 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Carrer Baldiri i Reixac 11-15, E-08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Roberto Macovez
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, E-08019 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Grup de Caracterització de Materials, Departament de Física, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EEBE, Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, E-08019 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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4
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Jesionek P, Heczko D, Hachuła B, Kamiński K, Kamińska E. High-pressure studies in the supercooled and glassy state of the strongly associated active pharmaceutical ingredient-ticagrelor. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8890. [PMID: 37264074 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35772-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, the molecular dynamics at different thermodynamic conditions of hydrogen-bonded (H-bonded) active pharmaceutical ingredient-ticagrelor (TICA) have been investigated. Extensive high-pressure (HP) dielectric studies revealed surprising high sensitivity of the structural (α)-relaxation to compression. They also showed that unexpectedly the shape of the α-peak remains invariable at various temperature (T) and pressure (p) conditions at constant α-relaxation time. Further infrared measurements on the ordinary and pressure densified glasses of the examined compound indicated that the hydrogen-bonding pattern in TICA is unchanged by the applied experimental conditions. Such behavior was in contrast to that observed recently for ritonavir (where the organization of hydrogen bonds varied at high p) and explained the lack of changes in the width of α-dispersion with compression. Moreover, HP dielectric measurements performed in the glassy state of TICA revealed the high sensitivity of the slow secondary (β)-relaxation (Johari-Goldstein type) to pressure and fulfillment of the isochronal superpositioning of α- and JG-β-relaxation times. Additionally, it was found that the activation entropy for the β-process, estimated from the Eyring equation (a high positive value at 0.1 MPa) slightly increases with compression. We suggested that the reason for that are probably small conformational variations of TICA molecules at elevated p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Jesionek
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Szkolna 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland.
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellonska 4, 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland.
| | - Dawid Heczko
- Department of Statistics, Department of Instrumental Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Ostrogorska 30, 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Barbara Hachuła
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Szkolna 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Kamil Kamiński
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500, Chorzow, Poland
| | - Ewa Kamińska
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellonska 4, 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland.
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5
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Valenti S, Cazorla C, Romanini M, Tamarit JL, Macovez R. Eutectic Mixture Formation and Relaxation Dynamics of Coamorphous Mixtures of Two Benzodiazepine Drugs. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15010196. [PMID: 36678825 PMCID: PMC9861849 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of coamorphous mixtures of pharmaceuticals is an interesting strategy to improve the solubility and bioavailability of drugs, while at the same time enhancing the kinetic stability of the resulting binary glass and allowing the simultaneous administration of two active principles. In this contribution, we describe kinetically stable amorphous binary mixtures of two commercial active pharmaceutical ingredients, diazepam and nordazepam, of which the latter, besides being administered as a drug on its own, is also the main active metabolite of the other in the human body. We report the eutectic equilibrium-phase diagram of the binary mixture, which is found to be characterized by an experimental eutectic composition of 0.18 molar fraction of nordazepam, with a eutectic melting point of Te = 395.4 ± 1.2 K. The two compounds are barely miscible in the crystalline phase. The mechanically obtained mixtures were melted and supercooled to study the glass-transition and molecular-relaxation dynamics of amorphous mixtures at the corresponding concentration. The glass-transition temperature was always higher than room temperature and varied linearly with composition. The Te was lower than the onset of thermal decomposition of either compound (pure nordazepam decomposes upon melting and pure diazepam well above its melting point), thus implying that the eutectic liquid and glass can be obtained without any degradation of the drugs. The eutectic glass was kinetically stable against crystallization for at least a few months. The relaxation processes of the amorphous mixtures were studied by dielectric spectroscopy, which provided evidence for a single structural (α) relaxation, a single Johari-Goldstein (β) relaxation, and a ring-inversion conformational relaxation of the diazepinic ring, occurring on the same timescale in both drugs. We further characterized both the binary mixtures and pure compounds by FTIR spectroscopy and first-principles density functional theory (DFT) simulations to analyze intermolecular interactions. The DFT calculations confirm the presence of strong attractive forces within the heteromolecular dimer, leading to large dimer interaction energies of the order of -0.1 eV.
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6
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Glass transition, crystallization kinetics, and inter-conformer relaxation dynamics of amorphous mitotane and related compounds. Int J Pharm 2022; 629:122390. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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7
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TSDC and DSC investigation on the molecular mobility in the amorphous solid state and in the glass transformation region of two benzodiazepine derivatives: diazepam and nordazepam. J Pharm Sci 2022; 111:2239-2248. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2022.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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8
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Ren NN, Guan PF, Ngai KL. Isochronal superpositioning of the caged dynamics, the α, and the Johari-Goldstein β relaxations in metallic glasses. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:244502. [PMID: 34972387 DOI: 10.1063/5.0072527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The superposition of the frequency dispersions of the structural α relaxation determined at different combinations of temperature T and pressure P while maintaining its relaxation time τα(T, P) constant (i.e., isochronal superpositioning) has been well established in molecular and polymeric glass-formers. Not known is whether the frequency dispersion or time dependence of the faster processes including the caged molecule dynamics and the Johari-Goldstein (JG) β relaxation possesses the same property. Experimental investigation of this issue is hindered by the lack of an instrument that can cover all three processes. Herein, we report the results from the study of the problem utilizing molecular dynamics simulations of two different glass-forming metallic alloys. The mean square displacement 〈Δr2t〉, the non-Gaussian parameter α2t, and the self-intermediate scattering function Fsq,t at various combinations of T and P were obtained over broad time range covering the three processes. Isochronal superpositioning of 〈Δr2t〉, α2t, and Fsq,t was observed over the entire time range, verifying that the property holds not only for the α relaxation but also for the caged dynamics and the JG β relaxation. Moreover, we successfully performed density ρ scaling of the time τα2,maxT,P at the peak of α2t and the diffusion coefficient D(T, P) to show both are functions of ργ/T with the same γ. It follows that the JG β relaxation time τβ(T, P) is also a function of ργ/T since τα2,maxT,P corresponds to τβ(T, P).
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Affiliation(s)
- N N Ren
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China
| | - P F Guan
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China
| | - K L Ngai
- CNR-IPCF, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
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9
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Inter-enantiomer conversion dynamics and Johari-Goldstein relaxation of benzophenones. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20248. [PMID: 34642356 PMCID: PMC8511015 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99606-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We employ temperature- and pressure-dependent dielectric spectroscopy, as well as differential scanning calorimetry, to characterize benzophenone and the singly-substituted ortho-bromobenzophenone derivative in the liquid and glass states, and analyze the results in terms of the molecular conformations reported for these molecules. Despite the significantly higher mass of the brominated derivative, its dynamic and calorimetric glass transition temperatures are only ten degrees higher than those of benzophenone. The kinetic fragility index of the halogenated molecule is lower than that of the parent compound, and is found to decrease with increasing pressure. By a detailed analysis of the dielectric loss spectra, we provide evidence for the existence of a Johari-Goldstein (JG) relaxation in both compounds, thus settling the controversy concerning the possible lack of a JG process in benzophenone and confirming the universality of this dielectric loss feature in molecular glass-formers. Both compounds also display an intramolecular relaxation, whose characteristic timescale appears to be correlated with that of the cooperative structural relaxation associated with the glass transition. The limited molecular flexibility of ortho-bromobenzophenone allows identifying the intramolecular relaxation as the inter-enantiomeric conversion between two isoenergetic conformers of opposite chirality, which only differ in the sign of the angle between the brominated aryl ring and the coplanar phenyl-ketone subunit. The observation by dielectric spectroscopy of a similar relaxation also in liquid benzophenone indicates that the inter-enantiomer conversion between the two isoenergetic helicoidal ground-state conformers of opposite chirality occurs via a transition state characterized by a coplanar phenyl-ketone moiety.
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Phan AD, Ngan NK, Le NB, Thanh LTM. Toward a Better Understanding of Activation Volume and Dynamic Decoupling of Glass‐Forming Liquids under Compression. MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/mats.202100035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anh D. Phan
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering Phenikaa University Hanoi 12116 Vietnam
- Phenikaa Institute for Advanced Study Phenikaa University Hanoi 12116 Vietnam
| | - Nguyen K. Ngan
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering Phenikaa University Hanoi 12116 Vietnam
| | - Nam B. Le
- School of Engineering Physics Hanoi University of Science and Technology 1 Dai Co Viet Hanoi 10000 Vietnam
| | - Le T. M. Thanh
- Faculty of Basic Science Posts and Telecommunications Institute of Technology 122 Hoang Quoc Viet Hanoi 10000 Vietnam
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11
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Heczko D, Grelska J, Jurkiewicz K, Spychalska P, Kasprzycka A, Kamiński K, Paluch M, Kamińska E. Anomalous narrowing of the shape of the structural process in derivatives of trehalose at high pressure. The role of the internal structure. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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12
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Valenti S, Barrio M, Negrier P, Romanini M, Macovez R, Tamarit JL. Comparative Physical Study of Three Pharmaceutically Active Benzodiazepine Derivatives: Crystalline versus Amorphous State and Crystallization Tendency. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:1819-1832. [PMID: 33689364 PMCID: PMC8594866 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Chemical derivatization and amorphization
are two possible strategies
to improve the solubility and bioavailability of drugs, which is a
key issue for the pharmaceutical industry. In this contribution, we
explore whether both strategies can be combined by studying how small
differences in the molecular structure of three related pharmaceutical
compounds affect their crystalline structure and melting point (Tm), the relaxation dynamics in the amorphous
phase, and the glass transition temperature (Tg), as well as the tendency toward recrystallization. Three
benzodiazepine derivatives of almost same molecular mass and structure
(Diazepam, Nordazepam and Tetrazepam) were chosen as model compounds.
Nordazepam is the only one that displays N–H···O
hydrogen bonds both in crystalline and amorphous phases, which leads
to a significantly higher Tm (by 70–80
K) and Tg (by 30–40 K) compared
to those of Tetrazepam and Diazepam (which display similar values
of characteristic temperatures). The relaxation dynamics in the amorphous
phase, as determined experimentally using broadband dielectric spectroscopy,
is dominated by a structural relaxation and a Johari–Goldstein
secondary relaxation, both of which scale with the reduced temperature T/Tg. The kinetic fragility
index is very low and virtually the same (mp ≈ 32) in all three compounds. Two more secondary relaxations
are observed in the glass state: the slower of the two has virtually
the same relaxation time and activation energy in all three compounds,
and is assigned to the inter-enantiomer conversion dynamics of the
flexible diazepine heterocycle between isoenergetic P and M conformations.
We tentatively assign the fastest secondary relaxation, present only
in Diazepam and Tetrazepam, to the rigid rotation of the fused diazepine–benzene
double ring relative to the six-membered carbon ring. Such motion
appears to be largely hindered in glassy Nordazepam, possibly due
to the presence of the hydrogen bonds. Supercooled liquid Tetrazepam
and Nordazepam are observed to crystallize into their stable crystalline
form with an Avrami exponent close to unity indicating unidimensional
growth with only sporadic nucleation, which allows a direct assessment
of the crystal growth rate. Despite the very similar growth mode,
the two derivatives exhibit very different kinetics for a fixed value
of the reduced temperature and thus of the structural relaxation time,
with Nordazepam displaying slower growth kinetics. Diazepam does not
instead display any tendency toward recrystallization over short periods
of time (even close to Tm). Both these
observations in three very similar diazepine derivatives provide direct
evidence that the kinetics of recrystallization of amorphous pharmaceuticals
is not a universal function, at least in the supercooled liquid phase,
of the structural or the conformational relaxation dynamics, and it
is not simply correlated with related parameters such as the kinetic
fragility or activation barrier of the structural relaxation. Only
the crystal growth rate, and not the nucleation rate, shows a correlation
with the presence or absence of hydrogen bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Valenti
- Grup de Caracterització de Materials, Departament de Física and Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EEBE, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, Barcelona, Catalonia 08019, Spain
| | - Maria Barrio
- Grup de Caracterització de Materials, Departament de Física and Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EEBE, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, Barcelona, Catalonia 08019, Spain
| | - Philippe Negrier
- Université Bordeaux, Laboratoire Ondes et Matière d'Aquitaine, UMR 5798, 351 Cours de la Libération, Talence F-33400, France
| | - Michela Romanini
- Grup de Caracterització de Materials, Departament de Física and Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EEBE, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, Barcelona, Catalonia 08019, Spain
| | - Roberto Macovez
- Grup de Caracterització de Materials, Departament de Física and Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EEBE, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, Barcelona, Catalonia 08019, Spain
| | - Josep-Lluis Tamarit
- Grup de Caracterització de Materials, Departament de Física and Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EEBE, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, Barcelona, Catalonia 08019, Spain
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13
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Phan AD. Determination of Young's Modulus of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients by Relaxation Dynamics at Elevated Pressures. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:10500-10506. [PMID: 33164514 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c05523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A new approach is theoretically proposed to study the glass transition of active pharmaceutical ingredients and a glass-forming anisotropic molecular liquid at high pressures. We describe amorphous materials as a fluid of hard spheres. Effects of nearest neighbor interactions and cooperative motions of particles on glassy dynamics are quantified through a local and collective elastic barrier calculated using the elastically collective nonlinear Langevin equation theory. Inserting two barriers into Kramer's theory gives the structural relaxation time. Then, we formulate a new mapping based on the thermal expansion process under pressure to intercorrelate particle density, temperature, and pressure. This analysis allows us to determine the pressure and temperature dependence of α relaxation. From this, we estimate the effective elastic modulus of amorphous materials and capture the effects of conformation on the relaxation process. Remarkably, our theoretical results agree well with experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh D Phan
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Phenikaa Institute for Advanced Study, Phenikaa University, Hanoi 12116, Vietnam
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14
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Jin X, Guo Y, Feng S, Capaccioli S, Ngai KL, Wang LM. Isochronal Superposition of the Structural α-Relaxation and Invariance of Its Relation to the β-Relaxation to Changes of Thermodynamic Conditions in Methyl m-Toluate. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:6690-6697. [PMID: 32633964 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c04444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The dielectric spectra of methyl m-toluate (MMT) in supercooled liquid and glassy states were measured over wide ranges of temperature T at ambient and elevated pressures P. We found that the frequency dispersion of the loss peak contributed by the structural α-relaxation is invariant to changes of P and T, while keeping the loss peak frequency fα(T,P) constant. This isochronal superposition property of the α-relaxation holds for different choices of fα(T,P). The invariant frequency dispersions for the same fα(T,P) are also indicated by the fractional exponent βKWW in the Fourier transform of the Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts (KWW) function. Similarly, the fragility m index of MMT keeps approximately constant on varying pressure, largely different from H-bonded glass formers. The secondary β-relaxation at a frequency higher than fα(T,P) is found to shift to lower frequencies by elevating pressure in concert with the α-relaxation. The ratio τα(T,P)/τβ(T,P) is approximately unchanged to variations of T and P while keeping τα(T,P) constant. These properties observed in MMT offer experimental evidence of the dynamic correlation between α- and β-relaxations in pure small-molecule glass-formers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Jin
- State Key Lab of Metastable Materials Science and Technology and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China
| | - Yuxing Guo
- State Key Lab of Metastable Materials Science and Technology and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China
| | - Shidong Feng
- State Key Lab of Metastable Materials Science and Technology and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China
| | - Simone Capaccioli
- CNR-IPCF, Università di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - K L Ngai
- State Key Lab of Metastable Materials Science and Technology and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China.,CNR-IPCF, Università di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Li-Min Wang
- State Key Lab of Metastable Materials Science and Technology and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China
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15
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Casalini R, Ransom TC. On the pressure dependence of the thermodynamical scaling exponent γ. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:4625-4631. [PMID: 32369083 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00254b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Since its initial discovery more than fifteen years ago, the thermodynamical scaling of the dynamics of supercooled liquids has been used to provide many new important insights in the physics of liquids, particularly on the link between dynamics and intermolecular potential. A question that has long been discussed is whether the scaling exponent γS is a constant or does it depends on pressure. An alternative definition of the scaling parameter, γI = ∂ ln T/∂ ln ρ|X has been presented in the literature, and has been erroneously considered equivalent to γS. Here we offer a simple method to determine the pressure dependence of γI using only the pressure dependence of the glass transition and the equation of state. Using this new method we find that for the six nonassociated liquids investigated, γI always decreases with increasing pressure. Importantly in all cases the value of γI remains always larger than 4. Liquids having γI closer to 4 at low pressure show a smaller change in γI with pressure. We argue that this result has very important consequences for the experimental determination of the functional form of the repulsive part of the potential in liquids. Comparing the pressure and temperature dependence of γS and γI we find, contrary to what has been assumed in the literature to date, that these two parameters are not equivalent and have very different pressure and temperature dependences.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Casalini
- Naval Research Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Washington, DC 20375-5342, USA.
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16
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Tu W, Ngai KL, Paluch M, Adrjanowicz K. Dielectric Study on the Well-Resolved Sub-Rouse and JG β-Relaxations of Poly(methylphenylsiloxane) at Ambient and Elevated Pressures. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenkang Tu
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - K. L. Ngai
- State Key Lab of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China
- CNR-IPCF, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marian Paluch
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Karolina Adrjanowicz
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
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17
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Hansen HW, Lundin F, Adrjanowicz K, Frick B, Matic A, Niss K. Density scaling of structure and dynamics of an ionic liquid. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:14169-14176. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01258k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The lines in the pressure–temperature phase diagram with constant conductivity are found to be lines where other dynamic variables as well as the molecular structure factor peak are constant, while charge ordering changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henriette Wase Hansen
- Glass and Time
- IMFUFA
- Department of Science and Environment
- Roskilde University
- DK-4000 Roskilde
| | - Filippa Lundin
- Materials Physics
- Department of Physics
- Chalmers University of Technology
- Gothenburg
- Sweden
| | | | | | - Aleksandar Matic
- Materials Physics
- Department of Physics
- Chalmers University of Technology
- Gothenburg
- Sweden
| | - Kristine Niss
- Glass and Time
- IMFUFA
- Department of Science and Environment
- Roskilde University
- DK-4000 Roskilde
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18
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Minecka A, Kamińska E, Jurkiewicz K, Heczko D, Hachuła B, Pisarski W, Kamiński K, Paluch M. Studies on the internal medium-range ordering and high pressure dynamics in modified ibuprofens. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 22:295-305. [PMID: 31813945 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04886c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS), combined with the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) techniques, was used to study the dynamics of the primary (α) relaxation process and slow mode (SM), as well as structural properties and intermolecular interactions, in the methyl-, isopropyl-, hexyl-, and benzyl derivative of a well-known pharmaceutical, ibuprofen (IBU). Unexpectedly, the XRD and FTIR methods revealed the formation of medium-range ordering together with some molecular organization, which probably leads to the creation of small aggregates at the scale of several microns at lower temperatures. Moreover, high pressure dielectric experiments revealed that the SM (observed in the ambient pressure data) is not detected in the loss spectra of compressed IBU esters, which is consistent with the results reported previously for propylene carbonate and dioxolane derivatives. This finding can be interpreted as connected to either the comparable time scale of the structural dynamics and slow mode or suppression of the motions responsible for the latter process at elevated pressure. Additionally, it was found that the pressure coefficient of the glass transition temperature (dTg/dp) and activation volume (ΔV) change with molecular weight (Mw) in a non-monotonic way. It might be related to various chemical structures, conformations, and intermolecular interactions, as well as different architecture of supramolecular aggregates in the investigated compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldona Minecka
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, ul. Jagiellonska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.
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19
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Romanini M, Barrio M, Macovez R, Capaccioli S, Tamarit JL. Mixtures of m-fluoroaniline with apolar aromatic molecules: Phase behaviour, suppression of H-bonded clusters, and local H-bond relaxation dynamics. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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20
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Romanini M, Rodriguez S, Valenti S, Barrio M, Tamarit JL, Macovez R. Nose Temperature and Anticorrelation between Recrystallization Kinetics and Molecular Relaxation Dynamics in Amorphous Morniflumate at High Pressure. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:3514-3523. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michela Romanini
- Grup de Caracterització de Materials, Departament de Física and Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EEBE, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, E-08019 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sergio Rodriguez
- Grup de Caracterització de Materials, Departament de Física and Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EEBE, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, E-08019 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sofia Valenti
- Grup de Caracterització de Materials, Departament de Física and Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EEBE, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, E-08019 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - María Barrio
- Grup de Caracterització de Materials, Departament de Física and Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EEBE, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, E-08019 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Josep Lluis Tamarit
- Grup de Caracterització de Materials, Departament de Física and Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EEBE, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, E-08019 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Roberto Macovez
- Grup de Caracterització de Materials, Departament de Física and Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EEBE, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, E-08019 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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21
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Minecka A, Kamińska E, Heczko D, Jurkiewicz K, Wolnica K, Dulski M, Hachuła B, Pisarski W, Tarnacka M, Talik A, Kamiński K, Paluch M. Studying structural and local dynamics in model H-bonded active ingredient - Curcumin in the supercooled and glassy states at various thermodynamic conditions. Eur J Pharm Sci 2019; 135:38-50. [PMID: 31082486 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Different experimental techniques were applied to study thermal and structural properties, strength of H-bonds, possible keto-enol tautomerism and molecular dynamics at various thermodynamic conditions in the H-bonded active substance, curcumin (CRM). Dielectric measurements revealed dynamical features of examined compound that are uncharacteristic for the associated systems. This includes enormously large pressure coefficient of the glass transition temperature and prominent drop of the fragility with compression. Simultaneously, the shape of α-process slightly broadened at elevated pressures. Infrared investigations demonstrated that this effect is related to the variation in the population of H-bonds. Moreover, we studied the changes in the structural and dynamical properties of the glasses prepared upon cooling of the melt (ordinary glass, OG) and the one obtained after compression of CRM in the liquid phase and decompression at T = 293 K (dense glass, DG). Interestingly, during the aging of the latter sample, a clear shift of the β-relaxation towards higher frequencies was noted. This unexpected result indicated that the density of DG is probably getting smaller with time. Complementary X-ray diffraction experiments confirmed this supposition. Additionally, they showed that in DG there are traces of polymorph II of CRM that has a higher density than initial crystals (polymorph I). Finally, infrared studies demonstrated that H-bond pattern in DG is slightly different with respect to OG. Furthermore, Raman investigations suggested that probably keto-enol tautomerism might be shifted towards diketo form in the glass obtained at high compression. Our investigations are very interesting in the context of better understanding of the behavior of associated systems at high compression as well as provide a better insight into dynamics of higher density glasses produced at elevated pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldona Minecka
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Jagiellonska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.
| | - Ewa Kamińska
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Jagiellonska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.
| | - Dawid Heczko
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Jagiellonska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Karolina Jurkiewicz
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland; Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Kamila Wolnica
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland; Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Mateusz Dulski
- Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland; Institute of Material Science, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Barbara Hachuła
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Wojciech Pisarski
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Magdalena Tarnacka
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland; Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Talik
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland; Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Kamil Kamiński
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland; Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Marian Paluch
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland; Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
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22
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Adrjanowicz K, Winkler R, Chat K, Duarte DM, Tu W, Unni AB, Paluch M, Ngai KL. Study of Increasing Pressure and Nanopore Confinement Effect on the Segmental, Chain, and Secondary Dynamics of Poly(methylphenylsiloxane). Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Adrjanowicz
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research (SMCEBI), 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - R. Winkler
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research (SMCEBI), 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - K. Chat
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research (SMCEBI), 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - D. M. Duarte
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research (SMCEBI), 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - W. Tu
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research (SMCEBI), 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - A. B. Unni
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research (SMCEBI), 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - M. Paluch
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research (SMCEBI), 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - K. L. Ngai
- CNR-IPCF, Largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
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23
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Sanz A, Hecksher T, Hansen HW, Dyre JC, Niss K, Pedersen UR. Experimental Evidence for a State-Point-Dependent Density-Scaling Exponent of Liquid Dynamics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:055501. [PMID: 30822033 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.055501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A large class of liquids obey density scaling characterized by an exponent, which quantifies the relative roles of temperature and density for the dynamics. We present experimental evidence that the density-scaling exponent γ is state-point dependent for the glass formers tetramethyl-tetraphenyl-trisiloxane (DC704) and 5-polyphenyl ether (5PPE). A method is proposed that from dynamic and thermodynamic properties at equilibrium estimates the value of γ. The method applies at any state point of the pressure-temperature plane, both in the supercooled and the normal liquid regimes. We find that γ is generally state-point dependent, which is confirmed by reanalyzing data for 20 metallic liquids and two model liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Sanz
- Glass and Time, IMFUFA, Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, P.O. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Tina Hecksher
- Glass and Time, IMFUFA, Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, P.O. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Henriette Wase Hansen
- Glass and Time, IMFUFA, Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, P.O. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Jeppe C Dyre
- Glass and Time, IMFUFA, Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, P.O. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Kristine Niss
- Glass and Time, IMFUFA, Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, P.O. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Ulf R Pedersen
- Glass and Time, IMFUFA, Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, P.O. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
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24
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Ngai KL, Wang LM. Relations between the Structural α-Relaxation and the Johari-Goldstein β-Relaxation in Two Monohydroxyl Alcohols: 1-Propanol and 5-Methyl-2-hexanol. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:714-719. [PMID: 30601008 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b11453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The hydrogen-bonded monohydroxyl alcohols form a large class of glass formers studied more than one hundred years, and still the structure and dynamics have continued to be a research problem. Recent advance suggests a hydrogen-bonded transient supramolecular structure, which is the origin of the Debye relaxation dominating the dielectric loss spectra of many monohydroxyl alcohols. Obscured by the slower Debye relaxation, the structural α-relaxation is either not resolved or showing up as a shoulder and the supposedly universal Johari-Goldstein (JG) β-relaxation is not always observed. Thus, properties of the α-relaxation and the JG β-relaxation as well as the strong connection between the two relaxations generally observed in other classes of glass formers are not commonly known in the monohydroxyl alcohols. Notwithstanding, extremely broadband dielectric relaxation and high-precision light scattering experiments published recently have resolved the α-relaxation and a secondary relaxation in two archetypal monohydroxyl alcohols, 1-propanol and 5-methyl-2-hexanol (5M2H) by Gabriel et al. We analyzed their experimental data and applied the Coupling Model to show that the secondary relaxations in 1-propanol and 5M2H are JG β-relaxations with strong connection to the α-relaxation. The result is novel because it is not known before whether the secondary relaxations of these two monohydroxyl alcohols are JG β-relaxation involving the entire molecule or are intramolecular relaxations. On the basis of this conclusion, we predict that the secondary relaxation is pressure-dependent and the ratio τβ( T, P)/τα( T, P) is invariant to variations of P and T, whereas τα( T, P) is maintained constant and provided that the frequency dispersion of the α-relaxation is also constant. The prediction is compared with the dielectric data of 5M2H at elevated pressures. On the basis of the identification of monohydroxyl alcohols as short-chain polymeric liquids by others, an explanation of the stronger T and P dependences of τα( T, P) than the Debye relaxation time τD( T, P) is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Ngai
- CNR-IPCF, Università di Pisa , Largo B. Pontecorvo 3 , I-56127 Pisa , Italy.,State Key Lab of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, and College of Materials Science and Engineering , Yanshan University , Qinhuangdao , Hebei 066004 , China
| | - Li-Min Wang
- State Key Lab of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, and College of Materials Science and Engineering , Yanshan University , Qinhuangdao , Hebei 066004 , China
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25
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Abstract
This article gives an overview of excess-entropy scaling, the 1977 discovery by Rosenfeld that entropy determines properties of liquids like viscosity, diffusion constant, and heat conductivity. We give examples from computer simulations confirming this intriguing connection between dynamics and thermodynamics, counterexamples, and experimental validations. Recent uses in application-related contexts are reviewed, and theories proposed for the origin of excess-entropy scaling are briefly summarized. It is shown that if two thermodynamic state points of a liquid have the same microscopic dynamics, they must have the same excess entropy. In this case, the potential-energy function exhibits a symmetry termed hidden scale invariance, stating that the ordering of the potential energies of configurations is maintained if these are scaled uniformly to a different density. This property leads to the isomorph theory, which provides a general framework for excess-entropy scaling and illuminates, in particular, why this does not apply rigorously and universally. It remains an open question whether all aspects of excess-entropy scaling and related regularities reflect hidden scale invariance in one form or other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeppe C Dyre
- Glass and Time, IMFUFA, Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, P.O. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
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26
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Hansen HW, Frick B, Capaccioli S, Sanz A, Niss K. Isochronal superposition and density scaling of the α-relaxation from pico- to millisecond. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:214503. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5055665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Henriette Wase Hansen
- Glass and Time, IMFUFA, Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, P.O. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Bernhard Frick
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Simone Capaccioli
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alejandro Sanz
- Glass and Time, IMFUFA, Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, P.O. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Kristine Niss
- Glass and Time, IMFUFA, Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, P.O. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
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27
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Romanini M, Lorente M, Schammé B, Delbreilh L, Dupray V, Coquerel G, Tamarit JL, Macovez R. Enhancement of the Physical and Chemical Stability of Amorphous Drug–Polymer Mixtures via Cryogenic Comilling. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michela Romanini
- Grup de Caracterització de Materials, Departament de Física and Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EEBE, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, E-08019 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marta Lorente
- Grup de Caracterització de Materials, Departament de Física and Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EEBE, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, E-08019 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Benjamin Schammé
- Laboratoire de Sciences et Méthodes Séparatives SMS-EA3233, Université de Rouen Normandie, F-76821 Mont Saint Aignan, France
| | - Laurent Delbreilh
- Groupe de Physique des Matériaux, CNRS, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, Normandie Université, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Valérie Dupray
- Laboratoire de Sciences et Méthodes Séparatives SMS-EA3233, Université de Rouen Normandie, F-76821 Mont Saint Aignan, France
| | - Gérard Coquerel
- Laboratoire de Sciences et Méthodes Séparatives SMS-EA3233, Université de Rouen Normandie, F-76821 Mont Saint Aignan, France
| | - Josep Lluís Tamarit
- Grup de Caracterització de Materials, Departament de Física and Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EEBE, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, E-08019 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Roberto Macovez
- Grup de Caracterització de Materials, Departament de Física and Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EEBE, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, E-08019 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Rodríguez-Tinoco C, Ngai KL, Rams-Baron M, Rodríguez-Viejo J, Paluch M. Distinguishing different classes of secondary relaxations from vapour deposited ultrastable glasses. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:21925-21933. [PMID: 29862402 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp02341g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Secondary relaxations persistent in the glassy state after structural arrest are especially relevant for the properties of the glass. A major thrust in research in dynamics of glass-forming liquids is to identify what secondary relaxations exhibit a connection to the structural relaxation and are hence more relevant. Via the Coupling Model, secondary relaxations having such connection have been identified by properties similar to the primitive relaxation of the Coupling Model and are called the Johari-Goldstein (JG) β-relaxations. They involve the motion of the entire molecule and act as the precursor of the structural α-relaxation. The change in dynamics of the secondary relaxation by aging an ordinary glass is one way to understand the connection between the two relaxations, but the results are often equivocal. Ultrastable glasses, formed by physical vapour deposition, exhibit density and enthalpy levels comparable to ordinary glasses aged for thousands of years, as well as some particular molecular arrangement. Thus, ultrastable glasses enable the monitoring of the evolution of secondary processes in case aging does not provide any definitive information. Here, we study the secondary relaxation of several ultrastable glasses to identify different types of secondary relaxations from their different relationship with the structural relaxation. We show the existence of two clearly differentiated groups of relaxations: those becoming slower in the ultrastable state and those becoming faster, with respect to the ordinary unaged glass. We propose ultrastability as a way to distinguish between secondary processes arising from the particular microstructure of the system and those connected in properties to and acting as the precursor of the structural relaxation in the sense of the Coupling Model.
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Costigliola L, Pedersen UR, Heyes DM, Schrøder TB, Dyre JC. Communication: Simple liquids' high-density viscosity. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:081101. [PMID: 29495764 DOI: 10.1063/1.5022058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper argues that the viscosity of simple fluids at densities above that of the triple point is a specific function of temperature relative to the freezing temperature at the density in question. The proposed viscosity expression, which is arrived at in part by reference to the isomorph theory of systems with hidden scale invariance, describes computer simulations of the Lennard-Jones system as well as argon and methane experimental data and simulation results for an effective-pair-potential model of liquid sodium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Costigliola
- Glass and Time, IMFUFA, Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, P.O. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Ulf R Pedersen
- Glass and Time, IMFUFA, Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, P.O. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - David M Heyes
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas B Schrøder
- Glass and Time, IMFUFA, Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, P.O. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Jeppe C Dyre
- Glass and Time, IMFUFA, Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, P.O. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
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Abstract
This paper derives and discusses the configuration-space Langevin equation describing a physically aging R-simple system and the corresponding Smoluchowski equation. Externally controlled thermodynamic variables like temperature, density, and pressure enter the description via the single parameter Ts/T, in which T is the bath temperature and Ts is the "systemic" temperature defined at any time t as the thermodynamic equilibrium temperature of the state point with density ρ(t) and potential energy U(t). In equilibrium, Ts ≅ T with fluctuations that vanish in the thermodynamic limit. In contrast to Tool's fictive temperature and other effective temperatures in glass science, the systemic temperature is defined for any configuration with a well-defined density, even if it is not close to equilibrium. Density and systemic temperature define an aging phase diagram, in which the aging system traces out a curve. Predictions are discussed for aging following various density-temperature and pressure-temperature jumps from one equilibrium state to another, as well as for a few other scenarios. The proposed theory implies that R-simple glass-forming liquids are characterized by the dynamic Prigogine-Defay ratio being equal to unity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeppe C Dyre
- Glass and Time, IMFUFA, Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, P.O. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
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Hansen HW, Sanz A, Adrjanowicz K, Frick B, Niss K. Evidence of a one-dimensional thermodynamic phase diagram for simple glass-formers. Nat Commun 2018; 9:518. [PMID: 29410398 PMCID: PMC5802781 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02324-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Glass formers show motional processes over an extremely broad range of timescales, covering more than ten orders of magnitude, meaning that a full understanding of the glass transition needs to comprise this tremendous range in timescales. Here we report simultaneous dielectric and neutron spectroscopy investigations of three glass-forming liquids, probing in a single experiment the full range of dynamics. For two van der Waals liquids, we locate in the pressure-temperature phase diagram lines of identical dynamics of the molecules on both second and picosecond timescales. This confirms predictions of the isomorph theory and effectively reduces the phase diagram from two to one dimension. The implication is that dynamics on widely different timescales are governed by the same underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Hansen
- Glass and Time, IMFUFA, Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Postbox 260, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - A Sanz
- Glass and Time, IMFUFA, Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Postbox 260, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - K Adrjanowicz
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, ul. Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - B Frick
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, 38042, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - K Niss
- Glass and Time, IMFUFA, Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Postbox 260, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark.
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Tu W, Valenti S, Ngai KL, Capaccioli S, Liu YD, Wang LM. Direct Evidence of Relaxation Anisotropy Resolved by High Pressure in a Rigid and Planar Glass Former. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:4341-4346. [PMID: 28841327 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b01837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Rigid molecular glass-formers with no internal degrees of freedom nonetheless have a single secondary β-relaxation. For a rigid and planar molecule, 1-methylindole (1MID), although a secondary relaxation is resolved at ambient pressure, its properties do not conform to the rules established for rigid molecules reported in early studies. By applying pressure to the dielectric spectra of 1MID, we find the single secondary relaxation splits into two. The slower one is pressure sensitive showing connections to the α-relaxation as observed in other rigid molecules, while the faster one is almost pressure insensitive and dominate the loss at ambient pressure. The two secondary relaxations, identified to associate with the out-of-plane and in-plane rotations of the rigid and planar 1MID, are resolved and observed for the first time by increasing density via elevating pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkang Tu
- State Key Lab of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Yanshan University , Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004 China
| | - Sofia Valenti
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa , I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - K L Ngai
- State Key Lab of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Yanshan University , Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004 China
- CNR-IPCF , Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, I-56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Simone Capaccioli
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa , I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- CNR-IPCF , Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, I-56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ying Dan Liu
- State Key Lab of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Yanshan University , Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004 China
| | - Li-Min Wang
- State Key Lab of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Yanshan University , Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004 China
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