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Roshan-Zamir M, Khademolhosseini A, Rajalingam K, Ghaderi A, Rajalingam R. The genomic landscape of the immune system in lung cancer: present insights and continuing investigations. Front Genet 2024; 15:1414487. [PMID: 38983267 PMCID: PMC11231382 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1414487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide, contributing to over a million cancer-related deaths annually. Despite extensive research investigating the genetic factors associated with lung cancer susceptibility and prognosis, few studies have explored genetic predispositions regarding the immune system. This review discusses the most recent genomic findings related to the susceptibility to or protection against lung cancer, patient survival, and therapeutic responses. The results demonstrated the effect of immunogenetic variations in immune system-related genes associated with innate and adaptive immune responses, cytokine, and chemokine secretions, and signaling pathways. These genetic diversities may affect the crosstalk between tumor and immune cells within the tumor microenvironment, influencing cancer progression, invasion, and prognosis. Given the considerable variability in the individual immunegenomics profiles, future studies should prioritize large-scale analyses to identify potential genetic variations associated with lung cancer using highthroughput technologies across different populations. This approach will provide further information for predicting response to targeted therapy and promotes the development of new measures for individualized cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Roshan-Zamir
- School of Medicine, Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Aida Khademolhosseini
- School of Medicine, Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kavi Rajalingam
- Cowell College, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States
| | - Abbas Ghaderi
- School of Medicine, Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Raja Rajalingam
- Immunogenetics and Transplantation Laboratory, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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2
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Chen LC, Lo YS, Ho HY, Lin CC, Chuang YC, Chang WC, Hsieh MJ. LDL Receptor-Related Protein 1B Polymorphisms Associated with Increased Risk of Lymph Node Metastasis in Oral Cancer Group with Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3963. [PMID: 38612772 PMCID: PMC11012249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer ranks fourth among malignancies among Taiwanese men and is the eighth most common cancer among men worldwide in terms of general diagnosis. The purpose of the current study was to investigate how low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1B (LDL receptor related protein 1B; LRP1B) gene polymorphisms affect oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) risk and progression in individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM). Three LRP1B single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), including rs10496915, rs431809, and rs6742944, were evaluated in 311 OSCC cases and 300 controls. Between the case and control groups, we found no evidence of a significant correlation between the risk of OSCC and any of the three specific SNPs. Nevertheless, in evaluating the clinicopathological criteria, individuals with DM who possess a minimum of one minor allele of rs10496915 (AC + CC; p = 0.046) were significantly associated with tumor size compared with those with homozygous major alleles (AA). Similarly, compared to genotypes homologous for the main allele (GG), rs6742944 genotypes (GA + AA; p = 0.010) were more likely to develop lymph node metastases. The tongue and the rs6742944 genotypes (GA + AA) exhibited higher rates of advanced clinical stages (p = 0.024) and lymph node metastases (p = 0.007) when compared to homozygous alleles (GG). LRP1B genetic polymorphisms appear to be prognostic and diagnostic markers for OSCC and DM, as well as contributing to genetic profiling research for personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Cheng Chen
- Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Department, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sheng Lo
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yu Ho
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chieh Lin
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Chuang
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Chang
- Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Department, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
- Doctoral Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
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3
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Zhang Q, Feng X, Hu W, Li C, Sun D, Peng Z, Wang S, Li H, Zhou M. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease alters the genetic landscape and tumor immune microenvironment in lung cancer patients. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1169874. [PMID: 37388220 PMCID: PMC10301745 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1169874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer are leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Studies have reported molecular alterations in patients with lung cancer and in patients with COPD. However, few investigation has been conducted on the molecular characteristics of lung cancer patients with COPD. Materials and methods We performed a retrospective cohort study that included 435 patients with pathologically confirmed lung cancer at the Ruijin Hospital. For patients with documented spirometry, Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease criteria were used to define COPD. For patients without documented spirometry, chest computed tomography and other clinical information were used to define COPD. Tumor tissue DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples. DNA mutation analysis, multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC), calculation of tumor mutational burden (TMB), mutant-allele tumor heterogeneity (MATH), and predication of neoantigens were performed. Results Although SNV mutations in lung cancer patients with COPD (G1 group) were generally higher than those in lung cancer patients without COPD (G2 group), the difference in the number of mutations was insignificant between the two groups. Of the 35 mutated genes, the number of them was higher in G1 than in G2, except that of EGFR. PI3K-Akt signaling pathway was enriched from significantly different genes. While TMB and MATH levels were not significantly different, the tumor neoantigen burdenwas markedly higher in G1 than that in G2. The level of CD68+ macrophages was significant higher in the stroma and total areas in the G1 group than in G2 group. The level of CD8+ lymphocytes was markedly higher in the stroma and showed a clear tendency forhigher expression in the G1 group than inthe G2 group. No significant differences were observed for the level of programmed death-ligand 1+ (PD-L1+), programmed death 1+ (PD-1+), and CD68PD-L1 in the stroma, tumor and total areas. Conclusion Our study revealed different genetic aberrations and pathways, higher neoantigen burden, and higher level of CD68+ macrophages and CD8+ T lymphocytes in lung cancer patients with COPD. Our investigation implies that the existence of COPD should be considered and immunotherapy is a potential choice when treating lung cancer patients with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiurui Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xijia Feng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiting Hu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengqiang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Debin Sun
- Genecast Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhao Peng
- Genecast Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | | | - Hecheng Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Shanghai, China
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Xu F, Cui W, Liu C, Feng F, Liu R, Zhang J, Sun C. Prognostic biomarkers correlated with immune infiltration in non-small cell lung cancer. FEBS Open Bio 2022; 13:72-88. [PMID: 36282125 PMCID: PMC9811604 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in men and women globally. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most prevalent subtype, accounting for 85-90% of all cancers. Although there have been dramatic advances in therapeutic approaches in recent decades, the recurrence and metastasis rates of NSCLC are as high as 30-40% with the 5-year overall survival rate being less than 15%. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the pathogenesis of NSCLC at the genetic level and identify prognostic biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets. Here, we aimed to identify mutated genes with high frequencies in Chinese NSCLC patients using next-generation sequencing and to investigate their relationships with the tumor mutation burden (TMB) and tumor immune microenvironment. A total of 110 NSCLC patients were enrolled to profile the genetic variations. Mutations in EGFR (62.37%), TP53 (61.29%), LRP1B (13.98%), FAT1 (12.90%), KMT2D (11.83%), CREBBP (10.75%), and RB1 (9.68%) were most prevalent. TP53, LRP1B, KMT2D, and CREBBP mutations were all significantly associated with high TMB (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The infiltrating levels of immune cells and immune molecules were enriched significantly in the LRP1B mutation group. LRP1B mutations significantly correlated with stimulating and inhibitory immunoregulators. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that cell cycle, the Notch signaling pathway, the insulin signaling pathway, and the mTOR signaling pathway are related to LRP1B mutations in the immune system. LRP1B mutations may be of clinical importance in enhancing the anti-tumor immune response and may be a promising biomarker for predicting immunotherapy responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xu
- Department of Geriatric MedicineAffiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina,First Clinical Medical CollegeShandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Wen‐qiang Cui
- Department of NeurologyAffiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Cun Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese MedicineShandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Fubin Feng
- Department of OncologyWeifang Traditional Chinese HospitalChina
| | - Ruijuan Liu
- Department of OncologyWeifang Traditional Chinese HospitalChina
| | - Jingtao Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese MedicineShandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Chang‐gang Sun
- Department of OncologyWeifang Traditional Chinese HospitalChina,Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesShandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineQingdaoChina
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5
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Yuan L, Guo T, Hu C, Yang W, Tang X, Cheng H, Xiang Y, Qu X, Liu H, Qin X, Qin L, Liu C. Clinical characteristics and gene mutation profiles of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in non-small cell lung cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:946881. [PMID: 36267961 PMCID: PMC9576924 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.946881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The coexistence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often leads to a worse prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Meanwhile, approaches targeting specific genetic alterations have been shown to significantly improve the diagnosis and treatment outcomes of patients with NSCLC. Herein, we sought to evaluate the impact of COPD on the clinical manifestations and gene mutation profiles of NSCLC patients with both circulating tumor (ctDNA) and tumor DNA (tDNA). Materials and methods The influence of COPD on clinical features was observed in 285 NSCLC cohorts suffering from NSCLC alone, NSCLC coexisting with COPD, or NSCLC coexisting with prodromal changes in COPD (with emphysema, bullae, or chronic bronchitis). The gene mutation profiles of specific 168 NSCLC-related genes were further analyzed in the NSCLC sub-cohorts with formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tumor DNA (FFPE tDNA) samples and plasma circulating tumor DNA (PLA ctDNA) samples. Moreover, mutation concordance was assessed in tDNA and paired ctDNA of 110 NSCLC patients. Results Relative to patients with NSCLC alone, patients with NSCLC coexisting with COPD and prodromal changes presented with worse lung functions, more clinical symptoms, signs and comorbidities, and inconsistent gene mutation profiles. In addition, patients in the latter two groups exhibited a higher average frequency of gene mutation. Lastly, mutation concordance between tDNA and ctDNA samples was significantly reduced in NSCLC patients coexisting with COPD. Conclusions Collectively, our findings revealed that coexistence of COPD leads to worse clinical manifestations and altered gene mutation profiles in patients with NSCLC. Additionally, for NSCLC patients with COPD, the use of ctDNA instead of tDNA may not be the most efficient approach to identifying gene mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yuan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Basic and Clinical Research Laboratory of Major Respiratory Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ting Guo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, China
| | - Chengping Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoli Tang
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huaihua Tumor Hospital, Huaihua, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, The First People’s Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangping Qu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huijun Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoqun Qin
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Ling Qin, ; Chi Liu,
| | - Chi Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Basic and Clinical Research Laboratory of Major Respiratory Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Ling Qin, ; Chi Liu,
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Yu G, Mu H, Fang F, Zhou H, Li H, Wu Q, Xiong Q, Cui Y. LRP1B mutation associates with increased tumor mutation burden and inferior prognosis in liver hepatocellular carcinoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29763. [PMID: 35777027 PMCID: PMC9239668 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) is the most common primary liver cancer and the main cause of death in patients with cirrhosis. LRP1B is found to involve in a variety of cancers, but the association of LRP1B mutation with tumor mutation burden (TMB) and prognosis of LIHC is rarely studied. METHODS AND RESULTS Herein, we analyzed the somatic mutation data of 364 LIHC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and found that LRP1B showed elevated mutation rate. Calculation of the TMB in LRP1B mutant and LRP1B wild-type groups showed that LRP1B mutant group had higher TMB compared with that in LRP1B wild-type group. Then survival analysis was performed and the survival curve showed that LRP1B mutation was associated with poor survival outcome, and this association remained to be significant after adjusting for multiple confounding factors including age, gender, tumor stage, mutations of BRCA1, BRCA2, and POLE. CONCLUSION Collectively, our results revealed that LRP1B mutation was related to high TMB value and poor prognosis in LIHC, indicating that LRP1B mutation is probably helpful for the selection of immunotherapy and prognosis prediction in LIHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Cancer, Tianjin Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Han Mu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Cancer, Tianjin Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Feng Fang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Cancer, Tianjin Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongyuan Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Cancer, Tianjin Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huikai Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Cancer, Tianjin Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Cancer, Tianjin Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qingqing Xiong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Cancer, Tianjin Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunlong Cui
- Department of Hepatobiliary Cancer, Tianjin Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Yunlong Cui, Department of Hepatobiliary Cancer, Tianjin Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Huanhuxi Road, Tiyuanbei, Hexi District, Tianjin, PR China (e-mail: )
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Xiang Y, Luettich K, Martin F, Battey JND, Trivedi K, Neau L, Wong ET, Guedj E, Dulize R, Peric D, Bornand D, Ouadi S, Sierro N, Büttner A, Ivanov NV, Vanscheeuwijck P, Hoeng J, Peitsch MC. Discriminating Spontaneous From Cigarette Smoke and THS 2.2 Aerosol Exposure-Related Proliferative Lung Lesions in A/J Mice by Using Gene Expression and Mutation Spectrum Data. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 3:634035. [PMID: 35295134 PMCID: PMC8915865 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2021.634035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mice, especially A/J mice, have been widely employed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of lung tumor formation and progression and to derive human-relevant modes of action. Cigarette smoke (CS) exposure induces tumors in the lungs; but, non-exposed A/J mice will also develop lung tumors spontaneously with age, which raises the question of discriminating CS-related lung tumors from spontaneous ones. However, the challenge is that spontaneous tumors are histologically indistinguishable from the tumors occurring in CS-exposed mice. We conducted an 18-month inhalation study in A/J mice to assess the impact of lifetime exposure to Tobacco Heating System (THS) 2.2 aerosol relative to exposure to 3R4F cigarette smoke (CS) on toxicity and carcinogenicity endpoints. To tackle the above challenge, a 13-gene gene signature was developed based on an independent A/J mouse CS exposure study, following by a one-class classifier development based on the current study. Identifying gene signature in one data set and building classifier in another data set addresses the feature/gene selection bias which is a well-known problem in literature. Applied to data from this study, this gene signature classifier distinguished tumors in CS-exposed animals from spontaneous tumors. Lung tumors from THS 2.2 aerosol-exposed mice were significantly different from those of CS-exposed mice but not from spontaneous tumors. The signature was also applied to human lung adenocarcinoma gene expression data (from The Cancer Genome Atlas) and discriminated cancers in never-smokers from those in ever-smokers, suggesting translatability of our signature genes from mice to humans. A possible application of this gene signature is to discriminate lung cancer patients who may benefit from specific treatments (i.e., EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors). Mutational spectra from a subset of samples were also utilized for tumor classification, yielding similar results. “Landscaping” the molecular features of A/J mouse lung tumors highlighted, for the first time, a number of events that are also known to play a role in human lung tumorigenesis, such as Lrp1b mutation and Ros1 overexpression. This study shows that omics and computational tools provide useful means of tumor classification where histopathological evaluation alone may be unsatisfactory to distinguish between age- and exposure-related lung tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiang
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Karsta Luettich
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Florian Martin
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - James N D Battey
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Keyur Trivedi
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Neau
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Ee Tsin Wong
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris International Research Laboratories Pte. Ltd., Singapore, Singapore
| | - Emmanuel Guedj
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Remi Dulize
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Dariusz Peric
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - David Bornand
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Sonia Ouadi
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Sierro
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | | | - Nikolai V Ivanov
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | | | - Julia Hoeng
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Manuel C Peitsch
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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Willis C, Bauer H, Au TH, Menon J, Unni S, Tran D, Rivers Z, Akerley W, Schabath MB, Badin F, Sekhon A, Patel M, Xia B, Gustafson B, Villano JL, Thomas JM, Lubinga SJ, Cantrell MA, Brixner D, Stenehjem D. Real-world survival analysis by tumor mutational burden in non-small cell lung cancer: a multisite U.S. study. Oncotarget 2022; 13:257-270. [PMID: 35111281 PMCID: PMC8803368 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor mutational burden (TMB) is a potential biomarker to predict tumor response to immuno-oncology agents in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MATERIALS AND METHODS A multi-site cohort study evaluated patients diagnosed with stage IV NSCLC between 2012 and 2019 who had received comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) and any NSCLC-related treatment at 9 U.S. cancer centers. Baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes were compared between patients with TMB <10 and TMB ≥10. RESULTS Among the 667 patients with CGP results, most patients received CGP from Foundation Medicine (64%) or Caris (20%). Patients with TMB ≥10 (vs. TMB <10) were associated with a positive smoking history. TMB was associated with ALK (p = 0.01), EGFR (p < 0.01), and TP53 (p < 0.05) alterations. TMB >10 showed a significant association towards longer overall survival (OS) (HR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.21-0.88, p = 0.02) and progression-free survival (PFS) (HR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.21-0.85, p = 0.02) in patients treated with first-line immunotherapy and tested by Foundation Medicine or Caris at treatment initiation. CONCLUSIONS TMB levels greater than or equal to 10 mut/Mb, when tested by Foundation Medicine or Caris at treatment initiation, were significantly associated with improved OS and PFS among patients treated with first-line immunotherapy-containing regimens. Additional prospective research is warranted to validate this biomarker along with PD-L1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor Willis
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Hillevi Bauer
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Trang H. Au
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jyothi Menon
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Sudhir Unni
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Dao Tran
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Zachary Rivers
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Wallace Akerley
- Department of Internal Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Matthew B. Schabath
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Firas Badin
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Baptist Health Medical Group, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Ashley Sekhon
- Department of Radiation Oncology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Malini Patel
- Division of Medical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Bing Xia
- Department of Medicine, Kenneth Norris Jr. Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Beth Gustafson
- Precision Oncology Program, Saint Luke’s Cancer Institute, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - John L. Villano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | | | - Solomon J. Lubinga
- Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | | | - Diana Brixner
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - David Stenehjem
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN, USA
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9
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van den Heuvel GRM, Kroeze LI, Ligtenberg MJL, Grünberg K, Jansen EAM, von Rhein D, de Voer RM, van den Heuvel MM. Mutational signature analysis in non-small cell lung cancer patients with a high tumor mutational burden. Respir Res 2021; 22:302. [PMID: 34819052 PMCID: PMC8611965 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-021-01871-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. With the growing number of targeted therapies and the introduction of immuno-oncology (IO), personalized medicine has become standard of care in patients with metastatic disease. The development of predictive and prognostic biomarkers is of great importance. Mutational signatures harbor potential clinical value as predictors of therapy response in cancer. Here we set out to investigate particular mutational processes by assessing mutational signatures and associations with clinical features, tumor mutational burden (TMB) and targetable mutations. METHODS In this retrospective study, we studied tumor DNA from patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) irrespective of stage. The samples were sequenced using a 2 megabase (Mb) gene panel. On each sample TMB was determined and defined as the total number of single nucleotide mutations per Mb (mut/Mb) including non-synonymous mutations. Mutational signature profiling was performed on tumor samples in which at least 30 somatic single base substitutions (SBS) were detected. RESULTS In total 195 samples were sequenced. Median total TMB was 10.3 mut/Mb (range 0-109.3). Mutational signatures were evaluated in 76 tumor samples (39%; median TMB 15.2 mut/Mb). SBS signature 4 (SBS4), associated with tobacco smoking, was prominently present in 25 of 76 samples (33%). SBS2 and/or SBS13, both associated with activity of the AID/APOBEC family of cytidine deaminases, were observed in 11 of 76 samples (14%). SBS4 was significantly more present in early stages (I and II) versus advanced stages (III and IV; P = .005). CONCLUSION In a large proportion of NSCLC patients tissue panel sequencing with a 2 Mb panel can be used to determine the mutational signatures. In general, mutational signature SBS4 was more often found in early versus advanced stages of NSCLC. Further studies are needed to determine the clinical utility of mutational signature analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guus R M van den Heuvel
- Department of Pulmonology, Radboud University Medical Center, Postbox 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Leonie I Kroeze
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolijn J L Ligtenberg
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Katrien Grünberg
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Erik A M Jansen
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel von Rhein
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Richarda M de Voer
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Michel M van den Heuvel
- Department of Pulmonology, Radboud University Medical Center, Postbox 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Príncipe C, Dionísio de Sousa IJ, Prazeres H, Soares P, Lima RT. LRP1B: A Giant Lost in Cancer Translation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:836. [PMID: 34577535 PMCID: PMC8469001 DOI: 10.3390/ph14090836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1B (LRP1B) is a giant member of the LDLR protein family, which includes several structurally homologous cell surface receptors with a wide range of biological functions from cargo transport to cell signaling. LRP1B is among the most altered genes in human cancer overall. Found frequently inactivated by several genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, it has mostly been regarded as a putative tumor suppressor. Still, limitations in LRP1B studies exist, in particular associated with its huge size. Therefore, LRP1B expression and function in cancer remains to be fully unveiled. This review addresses the current understanding of LRP1B and the studies that shed a light on the LRP1B structure and ligands. It goes further in presenting increasing knowledge brought by technical and methodological advances that allow to better manipulate LRP1B expression in cells and to more thoroughly explore its expression and mutation status. New evidence is pushing towards the increased relevance of LRP1B in cancer as a potential target or translational prognosis and response to therapy biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Príncipe
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (C.P.); (H.P.); (P.S.)
- Cancer Signalling and Metabolism Group, IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel J. Dionísio de Sousa
- Department of Oncology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Hugo Prazeres
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (C.P.); (H.P.); (P.S.)
- IPO-Coimbra, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula Soares
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (C.P.); (H.P.); (P.S.)
- Cancer Signalling and Metabolism Group, IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel T. Lima
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (C.P.); (H.P.); (P.S.)
- Cancer Signalling and Metabolism Group, IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
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11
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Margaritte-Jeannin P, Budu-Aggrey A, Ege M, Madore AM, Linhard C, Mohamdi H, von Mutius E, Granell R, Demenais F, Laprise C, Bouzigon E, Dizier MH. Identification of OCA2 as a novel locus for the co-morbidity of asthma-plus-eczema. Clin Exp Allergy 2021; 52:70-81. [PMID: 34155719 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous genes have been associated with the three most common allergic diseases (asthma, allergic rhinitis or eczema) but these genes explain only a part of the heritability. In the vast majority of genetic studies, complex phenotypes such as co-morbidity of two of these diseases, have not been considered. This may partly explain missing heritability. OBJECTIVE To identify genetic variants specifically associated with the co-morbidity of asthma-plus-eczema. METHODS We first conducted a meta-analysis of four GWAS (Genome-Wide Association Study) of the combined asthma-plus-eczema phenotype (total of 8807 European-ancestry subjects of whom 1208 subjects had both asthma and eczema). To assess whether the association with SNP(s) was specific to the co-morbidity, we also conducted a meta-analysis of homogeneity test of association according to disease status ("asthma-plus-eczema" vs. the presence of only one disease "asthma only or eczema only"). We then used a joint test by combining the two test statistics from the co-morbidity-SNP association and the phenotypic heterogeneity of SNP effect meta-analyses. RESULTS Seven SNPs were detected for specific association to the asthma-plus-eczema co-morbidity, two with significant and five with suggestive evidence using the joint test after correction for multiple testing. The two significant SNPs are located in the OCA2 gene (Oculocutaneous Albinism II), a new locus never detected for significant evidence of association with any allergic disease. This gene is a promising candidate gene, because of its link to skin and lung diseases, and to epithelial barrier and immune mechanisms. CONCLUSION Our study underlines the importance of studying sub-phenotypes as co-morbidities to detect new susceptibility genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashley Budu-Aggrey
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Markus Ege
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research, Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Anne-Marie Madore
- Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Centre Intersectoriel en Santé Durable (CISD), Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Saguenay, QC, Canada
| | | | | | - Erika von Mutius
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research, Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Raquel Granell
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Catherine Laprise
- Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Centre Intersectoriel en Santé Durable (CISD), Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Saguenay, QC, Canada
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12
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Liu F, Hou W, Liang J, Zhu L, Luo C. LRP1B mutation: a novel independent prognostic factor and a predictive tumor mutation burden in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cancer 2021; 12:4039-4048. [PMID: 34093808 PMCID: PMC8176260 DOI: 10.7150/jca.53124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies globally and the second leading cause of cancer-related death. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein 1B (LRP1B) is one of the commonly mutated genes in HCC, but its role in HCC remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed the role of LRP1B mutation in HCC. The bioinformatics results show that LRP1B had a frequency of mutation in HCC patients, and LRP1B mutation was associated with a higher tumor mutation burden (TMB), and survival analysis proved that the prognosis of HCC patients with LRP1B mutation was poor. Univariate and multivariate COX regression analysis indicated that LRP1B mutation was an independent risk factor in evaluating HCC patients' prognosis. Correlation analysis showed that LRP1B mutation status was associated with the infiltration of 2 types of immune cells and higher expression of immune checkpoint gene human endogenous retrovirus-H long terminal repeat-associating protein 2 (HHLA2) in HCC patients. In summary, the results show that LRP1B mutation is associated with the higher TMB and poor prognosis of patients with HCC, and it was an independent risk factor for clinical outcomes of HCC patients. LRP1B gene mutations can serve as predictors in HCC patients with higher TMB and higher expression of HHLA2. The results of this study will be beneficial to future studies on targeted therapy and immunotherapy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahui Liu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Wanyun Hou
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Jiadong Liang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Lilan Zhu
- Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Chunying Luo
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi, PR China.,Medical College of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, PR China
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13
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Chen X, Bu Q, Yan X, Li Y, Yu Q, Zheng H, Zhao L, Zeng Y, Lu L, Lan D, Ma J. Genomic Mutations of Primary and Metastatic Lung Adenocarcinoma in Chinese Patients. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2020; 2020:6615575. [PMID: 33488709 PMCID: PMC7787720 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6615575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is still the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Of lung cancer, lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common subtype. Most patients with LUAD would develop into metastasis, which limits the available treatment. Targeted therapy and immunotherapy provided options for those advanced patients. But they also broached up challenges to identify the appropriate patients. This study aims to reveal the landscapes of genomic mutations in primary and metastatic LUAD and their actionability. This study enrolled 636 patients with LUAD, of whom 85 and 551 were from patients with and without metastasis, respectively. Next-generation sequencing technology was used to retrieve their genomic information. Genomic mutations including short nucleotide variation, long variation, copy number variations, and fusions were called. The corresponding actionability was revealed. A comparison of genomic mutations and actionability between primary and metastatic LUAD was performed. In primary tumors, BRCA2 and FAT3 were significantly mutated in older patients; while in metastases, ALK and NOTCH2 were significantly mutated in younger patients. Primary tumors in male patients were significantly mutated in LRP1B and KRAS. Compared to primary tumors, metastases harbored less short nucleotide variations but more copy number variations and fusions. In metastases, chromosome 1 and chromosome 9 had less short nucleotide variations and more CNV than in primary tumors. Genomic variations of activated dendritic cells were more frequently mutated in metastases. EGFR genomic variations were negatively associated with PD-L1 and TMB. Patients with EGFR inhibitor treatment tend to have lower PD-L1 expression. The revealed discrepancy between primary and metastatic lung cancer could help guide the treatment strategies and the development of novel drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qing Bu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xuexin Yan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qian Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Haiping Zheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | | | | | - Dong Lan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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14
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Cai X, Chen Z, Deng M, Li Z, Wu Q, Wei J, Dai C, Wang G, Luo C. Unique genomic features and prognostic value of COSMIC mutational signature 4 in lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1176. [PMID: 33241025 PMCID: PMC7576056 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-5952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Analysis of mutational signatures is becoming routine in cancer genomics, with implications for pathogenesis, classification, and prognosis. Among the signatures cataloged at COSMIC, mutational signature 4 has been linked to smoking. However, the distribution of signature 4 in Chinese lung cancer patients has not been evaluated, and its clinical value has not been evaluated. Here we survey mutational signatures in Chinese lung cancer patients and explore the relationship between signature 4 and other genomic features in the patients. Methods We extracted mutational signatures from whole-exome sequencing data of Chinese non-small cell lung cancer patients. The data included 401 lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and 92 squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). We then performed statistical analysis to search for genomic and clinical features that can be linked to mutation signatures. Results We found signature 4 is the most frequent mutational signature in LUSC and the second most frequent in LUAD. Fifty-six LUAD and thirty-five LUSC patients were named with high signature 4 similarities (cosine similarity >0.7). These patients have shorter survival and higher tumor mutational burden comparing to those with low signature 4 similarities. Dozens of genes with single nucleotide variation, index mutations, and copy number variations were differentially enriched in the patients with high signature 4 similarities. Among these genes, CSMD3, LRP1B, TP53, SYNE1, SLIT2, FGF4, and FGF19 are common in both LUADs and LUSCs with high signature 4 similarities, showing that these genes are tightly associated with signature 4. Conclusions The present study is the first to report a comparison in Chinese NSCLC patients with or without COSMIC mutational signature 4. These results will help find the Signature 4 related mutational process in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyu Cai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenghe Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meiling Deng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianchao Wu
- GenomiCare Biotechnology (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Jinwang Wei
- GenomiCare Biotechnology (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Chun Dai
- GenomiCare Biotechnology (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Guan Wang
- GenomiCare Biotechnology (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Chun Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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15
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Somatic Mutation Profiling of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: Comparison between Primary and Metastasis Tumor Tissues. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2020; 2020:5675020. [PMID: 33014052 PMCID: PMC7519439 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5675020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) exhibited increasing incidence and mortality around the world, with a 35% five-year survival rate. In this study, the genetic alteration of primary ICC and metastasis ICC was exhibited to discover novel personalized treatment strategies to improve the clinical prognosis. Methods Based on 153 primary and 49 metastasis formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded ICC samples, comprehensive genomic profiling was carried out. Results In primary tumor samples (PSs) and metastasis tumor samples (MSs), the top alteration genes were TP53 (41.8% vs 36.7%), KRAS (30.7% vs 36.7%), and ARID1A (22.2% vs 14.2%). In the top 20 most frequent alteration genes, BRAF showed lower mutation frequency in MSs as compared to PSs (0 vs 11.1%, P=0.015), while LRP1B exhibited opposed trend (22.4% vs 10.4%, P=0.032). In PSs, patients with MSI-H showed all PDL1 negative, and patients with PDL1 positive exhibited MSS both in PSs and MSs. It was found that the Notch pathway had more alteration genes in MSI-H patients (P=0.027). Furthermore, the patients with mutated immune genes in PSs were more than that in MSs (28.8% vs 8.2%, P=0.003, odd ratio = 0.2). Interestingly, the platinum drug resistance pathway was only enriched by mutated genes of MSs. Conclusions In this study, the identification of two meaningful mutated genes, BRAF and LRP1B, highly mutated immune gene harbored by primary ICC patients. Both in PSs and MSs, no patients with MSI-H showed PDL1 positive. The Notch pathway had more alteration genes in patients with MSI-H. And the enrichment of the platinum drug resistance pathway in MSs might offer reference for the novel therapeutic strategy of ICC.
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16
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Willis C, Fiander M, Tran D, Korytowsky B, Thomas JM, Calderon F, Zyczynski TM, Brixner D, Stenehjem DD. Tumor mutational burden in lung cancer: a systematic literature review. Oncotarget 2019; 10:6604-6622. [PMID: 31762941 PMCID: PMC6859921 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To assess the association of tumor mutational burden (TMB) with clinical outcomes, other biomarkers and patient/disease characteristics in patients receiving therapy for lung cancer. Results: In total, 4,303 publications were identified; 81 publications were included. The majority of publications assessing clinical efficacy of immunotherapy reported an association with high TMB, particularly when assessing progression-free survival and objective response rate. High TMB was consistently associated with TP53 alterations, and negatively associated with EGFR mutations. High TMB was also associated with smoking, squamous cell non-small cell lung carcinoma, and being male. Methods: A systematic literature review based upon an a priori protocol was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and Cochrane methodologies. Searches were conducted in EMBASE, SCOPUS, Ovid MEDLINE®, and Emcare (from January 2012 until April 2018) and in two clinical trial registries. Conference abstracts were identified in EMBASE, and in targeted searches of recent major conference proceedings (from January 2016 until April 2018). Publications reporting data in patients receiving therapy for lung cancer that reported TMB and its association with clinical efficacy, or with other biomarkers or patient/disease characteristics, were included. Results are presented descriptively. Conclusion: This systematic literature review identified several clinical outcomes, biomarkers, and patient/disease characteristics associated with high TMB, and highlights the need for standardized definitions and testing practices. Further studies using standardized methodology are required to inform treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor Willis
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Michelle Fiander
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Dao Tran
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Diana Brixner
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - David D. Stenehjem
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN, USA
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Presence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Impair Survival in Lung Cancer Patients Receiving Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (EGFR-TKI): A Nationwide, Population-Based Cohort Study. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8071024. [PMID: 31336878 PMCID: PMC6678274 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8071024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) caused a paradigm shift in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although several clinicopathologic factors to predict the response to and survival on EGFR-TKI were recognized, its efficacy has not been confirmed for patients with underlying pulmonary disease, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We conducted the study to evaluate the impact of COPD on survival for NSCLC patients that underwent EGFR-TKI treatment. The nationwide study obtained clinicopathologic data from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan between 1995 and 2013. Patients receiving EGRR-TKI were divided into COPD and non-COPD groups, and adjusted for age, sex, comorbidities, premium level and cancer treatments. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were calculated by Kaplan–Meier analysis. In total, 21,026 NSCLC patients were enrolled, of which 47.6% had COPD. After propensity score (PS) matching, all covariates were adjusted and balanced except for age (p < 0.001). In the survival analysis, the median OS (2.04 vs. 2.28 years, p < 0.001) and PFS (0.62 vs. 0.69 years, p < 0.001) of lung cancer with COPD were significantly worse than those without COPD. Lung cancer patients on EGFR-TKI treatment had a worse survival outcome if patients had pre-existing COPD.
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18
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Association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and PM2.5 in Taiwanese nonsmokers. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2019; 222:884-888. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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19
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Jiang Y, Zhu C, He D, Gao Q, Tian X, Ma X, Wu J, Das BC, Severinov K, Hitzeroth II, Debata PR, Liu R, Zou L, Shi L, Xu H, Wang K, Bao Y, Ka-Kit LR, You Z, Cui Z, Hu Z. Cytological Immunostaining of HMGA2, LRP1B, and TP63 as Potential Biomarkers for Triaging Human Papillomavirus-Positive Women. Transl Oncol 2019; 12:959-967. [PMID: 31102921 PMCID: PMC6525307 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Since human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing has been promoted as primary screening strategy, the triage method has also evolved from morphological testing to a molecular biomarker detection to improve screening efficiency. In this study, we investigated the performance of three HPV integration hot-spots, HMGA2, LRP1B, and TP63, as potential triage markers in HPV screening tests. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2016 to December 2017 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. Immunocytochemistry was carried out using residual cervical cell samples from 121 HPV-positive cases (23 normal, 24 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1, and 74 CIN2+). Results: Of the 121 cases, 77 showed completely paired for the three biomarkers. In these 77 cases, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of HMGA2 showed the best potential for detecting CIN2+ among HPV+ cases (sensitivity 70%; specificity 91.89%; AUC 0.839). TP63 was second most effective biomarker (AUC 0.838; sensitivity 80%; specificity 81.08%). In contrast, LRP1B had the smallest AUC (0.801) among the three biomarkers but had the highest sensitivity (90%) and specificity (56.76%). To test the triage value of combining the three biomarkers, logistic regression was conducted followed by ROC comparison analysis. Promisingly, the combination of the three biomarkers gave the largest AUC of 0.951 with 92.5% sensitivity and 89.1% specificity (P < .0001 compared to liquid-based cytology test by Z-test). Conclusions: A combination of HMGA2, LRP1B, and TP63 as potential biomarkers may be useful for screening during triage of HPV-positive patients, particularly for detecting CIN2 + .
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhui Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Jingmen No.2 People's Hospital/Institute for Cancer Prevention and Treatment,Jingchu University of Technology, Jingmen, Hubei Province, 448000, China.
| | - Chengyi Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, 442008, China.
| | - Dan He
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan 2(nd) Road, Yuexiu, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, China.
| | - Qinglei Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430030, China.
| | - Xun Tian
- Central Hospital of Wuhan City, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, PR China.
| | - Xin Ma
- Department of Urology, The General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.
| | - Jun Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Bhudev C Das
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida, India.
| | - Konstantin Severinov
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 100 Novaya str., Skolkovo, Moscow Region, Russia.
| | - Inga Isabel Hitzeroth
- E. Rybicki's Biopharming Research Unit. 11 Clifford Avenue, Vredehoek, 8001, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | | | - Rong Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430030, China.
| | - Liang Zou
- Jingmen No.2 People's Hospital, Jingmen, Hubei Province, China..
| | - Long Shi
- Jingmen No.2 People's Hospital, Jingmen, Hubei Province, China..
| | - Hua Xu
- Jingmen No.2 People's Hospital, Jingmen, Hubei Province, China..
| | - Kaixiu Wang
- Jingmen No.2 People's Hospital, Jingmen, Hubei Province, China..
| | | | - Leung Ross Ka-Kit
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, Dongguan Maternal and Child Hospital.
| | - Zeshan You
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuexiu, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, China.
| | - Zifeng Cui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Precision Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuexiu, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, China.
| | - Zheng Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Precision Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuexiu, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430030, China.
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miR-500 promotes cell proliferation by directly targetting LRP1B in prostate cancer. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20181854. [PMID: 30877185 PMCID: PMC6449515 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20181854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that miRNAs play a crucial role in the development of prostate cancer (PC); however, the role of miR-500 in PC remains poorly understood. The data presented here reveal abnormal increases in miR-500 expression in PC tissues and cell lines. Suppression of miR-500 expression significantly inhibited the proliferation of PC-3 and LnCap cells and was negatively regulative with low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1B (LRP1B). Increased cell cycle arrest at the G1 stage and decreased protein expression of cyclinD1 and CDK2 was observed in response to miR-500 knockdown in PC-3 and LnCap cells, in combination with LRP1B overexpression. LRP1B was identified as a target of miR-500 and was significantly decreased in PC tissues. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that miR-500 plays an important role in the proliferation of PC cells via the inhibition of LRP1B expression.
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Zeneyedpour L, Dekker LJM, van Sten‐van`t Hoff JJM, Burgers PC, ten Hacken NHT, Luider TM. Neoantigens in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Lung Cancer: A Point of View. Proteomics Clin Appl 2019; 13:e1800093. [PMID: 30706659 PMCID: PMC6593722 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201800093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this manuscript is to explore the role of clinical proteomics for detecting mutations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer by mass spectrometry-based technology. COPD and lung cancer caused by smoke inhalation are most likely linked by challenging the immune system via partly shared pathways. Genome-wide association studies have identified several single nucleotide polymorphisms which predispose an increased susceptibility to COPD and lung cancer. In lung cancer, this leads to coding mutations in the affected tissues, development of neoantigens, and different functionality and abundance of proteins in specific pathways. If a similar reasoning can also be applied in COPD will be discussed. The technology of mass spectrometry has developed into an advanced technology for proteome research detecting mutated peptides or proteins and finding relevant molecular mechanisms that will enable predicting the response to immunotherapy in COPD and lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Nick H. T. ten Hacken
- Department of PulmonologyUniversity Medical Center Groningen/University of Groningen9713 GroningenNetherlands
| | - Theo M. Luider
- Department of NeurologyErasmus MCRotterdam3015 GENetherlands
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The genetic and epigenetic association of LDL Receptor Related Protein 1B (LRP1B) gene with childhood obesity. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1815. [PMID: 30755693 PMCID: PMC6372679 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38538-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-density lipoprotein Receptor Related Protein 1B (LRP1B) is homologous to the gigantic lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 that belongs to the family of Low-density lipoprotein receptors. Previous genetic association studies of the LRP1B gene have shown its genetic association with obesity. Through exome sequencing of the LRP1B gene from a childhood severe obesity cohort (n = 692), we found novel single nucleotide polymorphism (rs431809) in intron 4, which has been significantly correlated with both body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip-ratio (WHR). Three methylations of CpG sites (cg141441481, cg01852095 and cg141441470) in the same intron were also significantly correlated with BMI and WHR. All CpG methylations had bimodal patterns, and were dependent on rs431809 genotypes. The genetic influences of obesity on the LRP1B gene may be linked to the interplay of CpG methylations in the same intron. Heritability of SNP interacts with epigenetic crosstalk in LRP1B. Genetic and epigenetic crosstalk of LRP1B gene may be implicated in the prevention and therapeutic approach to childhood obesity.
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Trade-offs in aging lung diseases: a review on shared but opposite genetic risk variants in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2019. [PMID: 29517586 PMCID: PMC5895171 DOI: 10.1097/mcp.0000000000000476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The process of aging involves biological changes that increases susceptibility for disease. In the aging lung disease IPF, GWAS studies identified genes associated with risk for disease. Recently, several of these genes were also found to be involved in risk for COPD or lung cancer. This review describes GWAS-derived risk genes for IPF that overlap with risk genes for lung cancer or COPD. RECENT FINDINGS Risk genes that overlap between aging lung diseases, include FAM13A, DSP and TERT. Most interestingly, disease predisposing alleles for IPF are opposite to those for COPD or lung cancer. Studies show that the alleles are associated with differential gene expression and with physiological traits in the general population. The opposite allelic effect sizes suggest the presence of trade-offs in the aging lung. For TERT, the trade-off involves cellular senescence versus proliferation and repair. For FAM13A and DSP, trade-offs may involve protection from noxious gases or tissue integrity. SUMMARY The overlap in risk genes in aging lung diseases provides evidence that processes associated with FAM13A, DSP and TERT are important for healthy aging. The opposite effect size of the disease risk alleles may represent trade-offs, for which a model involving an apicobasal gene expression gradient is presented.
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Li K, Yao Y, Xiao L, Zhao Z, Guo S, Fu Z, Du D. Fine mapping of the Brassica napus Bnsdt1 gene associated with determinate growth habit. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2018; 131:193-208. [PMID: 29051971 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-017-2996-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The newly discovered determinate plant growth habit of Brassica napus is a potential trait that might contribute to the genetic improvement of rapeseed. Brassica napus is an important species of rapeseed and has an indeterminate growth habit. However, a determinate inflorescence strain (4769) has been discovered among doubled haploid (DH) lines obtained from a spring B. napus × winter B. napus cross. We assessed the effect of the determinate growth habit on agronomic traits. The results showed that determinacy is beneficial for reducing plant height and flowering time, advancing maturity and maintaining productivity. We also investigated the inheritance of determinacy. A genetic analysis revealed that the phenotype of the determinate trait is controlled by one recessive gene, Bnsdt1. Mapping of the Bnsdt1 gene was subsequently conducted in BC1 and BC3 populations derived from combination 2014 × 4769. The results showed that the Bnsdt1 gene could be delimited to a region of approximately 220 kb, between 16,627 and 16,847 kb on A10. Within the target region, whole-genome re-sequencing identified two candidate regions (16,628-16,641 and 16,739-16,794 kb) of approximately 68 kb. A Blast analysis of the two candidate intervals found that BnaA10g26300D/GSBRNA2T00136426001 (BnTFL1) is homologous to the TFL1 gene of A. thaliana. Subsequently, quantitative reverse transcription (qRT)-PCR revealed that BnTFL1 was specifically expressed in the shoot apex. Collectively, the results of expression analysis provide preliminary evidence that BnTFL1 is a candidate gene for the inflorescence trait in 4769.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture of Qinghai University, Key Laboratory of Spring Rape Genetic Improvement of Qinghai Province, Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences of Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China
| | - Yanmei Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture of Qinghai University, Key Laboratory of Spring Rape Genetic Improvement of Qinghai Province, Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences of Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China
| | - Lu Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture of Qinghai University, Key Laboratory of Spring Rape Genetic Improvement of Qinghai Province, Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences of Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China
| | - Zhigang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture of Qinghai University, Key Laboratory of Spring Rape Genetic Improvement of Qinghai Province, Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences of Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China
| | - Shaomin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture of Qinghai University, Key Laboratory of Spring Rape Genetic Improvement of Qinghai Province, Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences of Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China
| | - Zhong Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture of Qinghai University, Key Laboratory of Spring Rape Genetic Improvement of Qinghai Province, Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences of Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China
| | - Dezhi Du
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture of Qinghai University, Key Laboratory of Spring Rape Genetic Improvement of Qinghai Province, Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences of Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China.
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Ng Kee Kwong F, Nicholson AG, Harrison CL, Hansbro PM, Adcock IM, Chung KF. Is mitochondrial dysfunction a driving mechanism linking COPD to nonsmall cell lung carcinoma? Eur Respir Rev 2017; 26:26/146/170040. [DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0040-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients are at increased risk of developing nonsmall cell lung carcinoma, irrespective of their smoking history. Although the mechanisms behind this observation are not clear, established drivers of carcinogenesis in COPD include oxidative stress and sustained chronic inflammation. Mitochondria are critical in these two processes and recent evidence links increased oxidative stress in COPD patients to mitochondrial damage. We therefore postulate that mitochondrial damage in COPD patients leads to increased oxidative stress and chronic inflammation, thereby increasing the risk of carcinogenesis.The functional state of the mitochondrion is dependent on the balance between its biogenesis and degradation (mitophagy). Dysfunctional mitochondria are a source of oxidative stress and inflammasome activation. In COPD, there is impaired translocation of the ubiquitin-related degradation molecule Parkin following activation of the Pink1 mitophagy pathway, resulting in excessive dysfunctional mitochondria. We hypothesise that deranged pathways in mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy in COPD can account for the increased risk in carcinogenesis. To test this hypothesis, animal models exposed to cigarette smoke and developing emphysema and lung cancer should be developed. In the future, the use of mitochondria-based antioxidants should be studied as an adjunct with the aim of reducing the risk of COPD-associated cancer.
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