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Reed CH, Tystahl AC, Eo H, Buhr TJ, Bauer EE, Lee JH, Clark PJ, Valentine RJ. The Influence of Stress and Binge-Patterned Alcohol Drinking on Mouse Skeletal Muscle Protein Synthesis and Degradation Pathways. Biomolecules 2024; 14:527. [PMID: 38785934 PMCID: PMC11118922 DOI: 10.3390/biom14050527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Adverse experiences (e.g., acute stress) and alcohol misuse can both impair skeletal muscle homeostasis, resulting in reduced protein synthesis and greater protein breakdown. Exposure to acute stress is a significant risk factor for engaging in alcohol misuse. However, little is known about how these factors together might further affect skeletal muscle health. To that end, this study investigated the effects of acute stress exposure followed by a period of binge-patterned alcohol drinking on signaling factors along mouse skeletal muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and degradation (MPD) pathways. Young adult male C57BL/6J mice participated in the Drinking in the Dark paradigm, where they received 2-4 h of access to 20% ethanol (alcohol group) or water (control group) for four days to establish baseline drinking levels. Three days later, half of the mice in each group were either exposed to a single episode of uncontrollable tail shocks (acute stress) or remained undisturbed in their home cages (no stress). Three days after stress exposure, mice received 4 h of access to 20% ethanol (alcohol) to model binge-patterned alcohol drinking or water for ten consecutive days. Immediately following the final episode of alcohol access, mouse gastrocnemius muscle was extracted to measure changes in relative protein levels along the Akt-mTOR MPS, as well as the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) and autophagy MPD pathways via Western blotting. A single exposure to acute stress impaired Akt singling and reduced rates of MPS, independent of alcohol access. This observation was concurrent with a potent increase in heat shock protein seventy expression in the muscle of stressed mice. Alcohol drinking did not exacerbate stress-induced alterations in the MPS and MPD signaling pathways. Instead, changes in the MPS and MPD signaling factors due to alcohol access were primarily observed in non-stressed mice. Taken together, these data suggest that exposure to a stressor of sufficient intensity may cause prolonged disruptions to signaling factors that impact skeletal muscle health and function beyond what could be further induced by periods of alcohol misuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carter H Reed
- Department of Biology, Grand View University, Des Moines, IA 50316, USA;
| | - Anna C. Tystahl
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (A.C.T.)
| | - Hyeyoon Eo
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (A.C.T.)
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Trevor J. Buhr
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Ella E. Bauer
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Ji Heun Lee
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (A.C.T.)
| | - Peter J. Clark
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Rudy J. Valentine
- Department of Physical Therapy and Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
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Kaur H, Moreau R. Raptor knockdown concurrently increases the electrical resistance and paracellular permeability of Caco-2 cell monolayers. Life Sci 2022; 308:120989. [PMID: 36152680 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS As a critical regulatory point of nutrient sensing, growth and metabolism, the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is poised to influence intestinal homeostasis under basal conditions and in disease state. Intestinal barrier integrity ensures tissue homeostasis by closely regulating the permeability of the epithelium to lumenal contents. The role of mTORC1 in the regulation of intestinal barrier function and permeability remains to be fully elucidated. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we employed lentivirus-mediated knockdown of mTORC1 signaling-associated proteins Raptor (regulatory-associated protein of mTOR) and TSC2 (tuberin) to ascertain the effects of constitutive activation or repression of mTORC1 activity on barrier function in Caco-2 cell monolayers. KEY FINDINGS Results showed that the loss of Raptor concomitantly raised the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and para/transcellular permeability leading to a cell monolayer that is leaky for dextran yet electrically resistant to the movement of ions. Paracellular permeability was linked to the downregulation of tight junction protein expression and enhanced autophagy. Raptor-depleted cells had the highest abundance of myosin binding subunit MYPT1 concomitantly with the lowest abundance of p-MYPT1 (Thr696) and phosphorylated myosin light chain (p-MLC, Ser19) implying that MLC phosphatase activity was increased resulting in MLC relaxation. Although rapamycin suppressed mTORC1 activity and decreased the abundance of tight junction proteins in control cells, rapamycin caused a modest increase of TEER compared to Raptor knockdown. SIGNIFICANCE The study showed that epithelium paracellular permeability of small molecular weight dextran is dissociated from TEER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harleen Kaur
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Régis Moreau
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
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3
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Havelikova K, Smejkalova B, Jendelova P. Neurogenesis as a Tool for Spinal Cord Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073728. [PMID: 35409088 PMCID: PMC8998995 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury is a devastating medical condition with no effective treatment. One approach to SCI treatment may be provided by stem cells (SCs). Studies have mainly focused on the transplantation of exogenous SCs, but the induction of endogenous SCs has also been considered as an alternative. While the differentiation potential of neural stem cells in the brain neurogenic regions has been known for decades, there are ongoing debates regarding the multipotent differentiation potential of the ependymal cells of the central canal in the spinal cord (SCECs). Following spinal cord insult, SCECs start to proliferate and differentiate mostly into astrocytes and partly into oligodendrocytes, but not into neurons. However, there are several approaches concerning how to increase neurogenesis in the injured spinal cord, which are discussed in this review. The potential treatment approaches include drug administration, the reduction of neuroinflammation, neuromodulation with physical factors and in vivo reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Havelikova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.H.); (B.S.)
- Department of Neuroscience, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 15006 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Smejkalova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.H.); (B.S.)
- Department of Neuroscience, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 15006 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Jendelova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.H.); (B.S.)
- Department of Neuroscience, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 15006 Prague, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-24-106-2828
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4
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Li B, Kong X, Post H, Raaijmakers L, Peeper DS, Altelaar M. Proteomics and Phosphoproteomics Profiling of Drug-Addicted BRAFi-Resistant Melanoma Cells. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:4381-4392. [PMID: 34343000 PMCID: PMC8419860 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Acquired resistance to MAPK inhibitors limits the clinical efficacy in melanoma treatment. We and others have recently shown that BRAF inhibitor (BRAFi)-resistant melanoma cells can develop a dependency on the therapeutic drugs to which they have acquired resistance, creating a vulnerability for these cells that can potentially be exploited in cancer treatment. In drug-addicted melanoma cells, it was shown that this induction of cell death was preceded by a specific ERK2-dependent phenotype switch; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms are largely lacking. To increase the molecular understanding of this drug dependency, we applied a mass spectrometry-based proteomic approach on BRAFi-resistant BRAFMUT 451Lu cells, in which ERK1, ERK2, and JUNB were silenced separately using CRISPR-Cas9. Inactivation of ERK2 and, to a lesser extent, JUNB prevents drug addiction in these melanoma cells, while, conversely, knockout of ERK1 fails to reverse this phenotype, showing a response similar to that of control cells. Our analysis reveals that ERK2 and JUNB share comparable proteome responses dominated by reactivation of cell division. Importantly, we find that EMT activation in drug-addicted melanoma cells upon drug withdrawal is affected by silencing ERK2 but not ERK1. Moreover, transcription factor (regulator) enrichment shows that PIR acts as an effector of ERK2 and phosphoproteome analysis reveals that silencing of ERK2 but not ERK1 leads to amplification of GSK3 kinase activity. Our results depict possible mechanisms of drug addiction in melanoma, which may provide a guide for therapeutic strategies in drug-resistant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohui Li
- Biomolecular
Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Group, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical
Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands
- Netherlands
Proteomics Center, Padualaan
8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Xiangjun Kong
- Division
of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, The
Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Harm Post
- Biomolecular
Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Group, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical
Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands
- Netherlands
Proteomics Center, Padualaan
8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Linsey Raaijmakers
- Biomolecular
Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Group, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical
Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands
- Netherlands
Proteomics Center, Padualaan
8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel S. Peeper
- Division
of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, The
Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Altelaar
- Biomolecular
Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Group, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical
Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands
- Netherlands
Proteomics Center, Padualaan
8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
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5
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Hudson R, Green M, Wright DJ, Renard J, Jobson CEL, Jung T, Rushlow W, Laviolette SR. Adolescent nicotine induces depressive and anxiogenic effects through ERK 1-2 and Akt-GSK-3 pathways and neuronal dysregulation in the nucleus accumbens. Addict Biol 2021; 26:e12891. [PMID: 32135573 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Long-term tobacco dependence typically develops during adolescence and neurodevelopmental nicotine exposure is associated with affective disturbances that manifest as a variety of neuropsychiatric comorbidities in clinical and preclinical studies, including mood and anxiety-related disorders. The nucleus accumbens shell (NASh) is critically involved in regulating emotional processing, and both molecular and neuronal disturbances in this structure are associated with mood and anxiety-related pathologies. In the present study, we used a rodent model of adolescent neurodevelopmental nicotine exposure to examine the expression of several molecular biomarkers associated with mood/anxiety-related phenotypes. We report that nicotine exposure during adolescence (but not adulthood) induces profound upregulation of the ERK 1-2 and Akt-GSK-3 signalling pathways directly within the NASh, as well as downregulation of local D1R expression that persists into adulthood. These adaptations were accompanied by decreases in τ, α, β, and γ-band oscillatory states, hyperactive medium spiny neuron activity with depressed bursting rates, and anxiety and depressive-like behavioural abnormalities. Pharmacologically targeting these molecular and neuronal adaptations revealed that selective inhibition of local ERK 1-2 and Akt-GSK-3 signalling cascades rescued nicotine-induced high-γ-band oscillatory signatures and phasic bursting rates in the NASh, suggesting that they are involved in mediating adolescent nicotine-induced depressive and anxiety-like neuropathological trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Hudson
- Addiction Research Group, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario London, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew Green
- Addiction Research Group, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario London, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel J Wright
- Addiction Research Group, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario London, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Justine Renard
- Addiction Research Group, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario London, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christina E L Jobson
- Addiction Research Group, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario London, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tony Jung
- Addiction Research Group, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario London, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Walter Rushlow
- Addiction Research Group, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario London, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario London, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steven R Laviolette
- Addiction Research Group, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario London, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario London, London, Ontario, Canada
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6
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Ato S, Kido K, Sase K, Fujita S. Response of Resistance Exercise-Induced Muscle Protein Synthesis and Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy Are Not Enhanced After Disuse Muscle Atrophy in Rat. Front Physiol 2020; 11:469. [PMID: 32528306 PMCID: PMC7258402 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle disuse rapidly decreases muscle mass. Resistance training (RT) is believed as the most effective way to gain muscle mass via an increase in mTORC1 activity and muscle protein synthesis (MPS). However, it remains unclear whether muscle atrophy by disuse alters the mTORC1 activation and MPS response to an acute resistance exercise (RE) and chronic RT-mediated skeletal muscle hypertrophy. This study investigated the influence of disuse muscle atrophy on the response of mTORC1 activation and MPS to an acute RE. We also evaluated whether disuse muscle atrophy affects the response of RT-induced muscle mass gain. Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control (CON) or hindlimb suspension (HS) groups. A 14-day HS via the tail was used as the model for gastrocnemius muscle disuse in the HS group. Unilateral lower limb muscle contraction using by percutaneous electrical stimulation was used to mimic the stimuli of RE. Ten bouts of RE were performed in 3-week as chronic RT. Our results showed that MPS and mTORC1 activity was unchanged after HS at basal state. However, the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) level was reduced in HS rats compared to that in CON rats at basal state. MPS and rRNA increased in both HS and CON rats in response to acute RE to the same extent. However, the level of mTORC1 activation in response to an acute RE was significantly higher in HS than that in the CON group at 12 h after exercise, even though no difference was observed at 3 h after exercise. The 10-bout RT significantly increased gastrocnemius muscle mass in both CON and HS rats. The response of muscle hypertrophy did not differ between the groups. Therefore, MPS in response to acute RE and muscle hypertrophy in response to chronic RT were unaltered after disuse muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Ato
- Graduate School of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan.,Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kohei Kido
- Graduate School of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan.,Laboratory of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kohei Sase
- Graduate School of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fujita
- Graduate School of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
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7
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Alcaraz E, Vilardell J, Borgo C, Sarró E, Plana M, Marin O, Pinna LA, Bayascas JR, Meseguer A, Salvi M, Itarte E, Ruzzene M. Effects of CK2β subunit down-regulation on Akt signalling in HK-2 renal cells. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227340. [PMID: 31910234 PMCID: PMC6946142 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The PI3K/Akt pathway is interconnected to protein kinase CK2, which directly phosphorylates Akt1 at S129. We have previously found that, in HK-2 renal cells, downregulation of the CK2 regulatory subunit β (shCK2β cells) reduces S129 Akt phosphorylation. Here, we investigated in more details how the different CK2 isoforms impact on Akt and other signaling pathways. We found that all CK2 isoforms phosphorylate S129 in vitro, independently of CK2β. However, in HK-2 cells the dependence on CK2β was confirmed by rescue experiments (CK2β re-expression in shCK2β HK-2 cells), suggesting the presence of additional components that drive Akt recognition by CK2 in cells. We also found that CK2β downregulation altered the phosphorylation ratio between the two canonical Akt activation sites (pT308 strongly reduced, pS473 slightly increased) in HK-2 cells. Similar results were found in other cell lines where CK2β was stably knocked out by CRISPR-Cas9 technology. The phosphorylation of rpS6 S235/S236, a downstream effector of Akt, was strongly reduced in shCK2β HK-2 cells, while the phosphorylation of two Akt direct targets, PRAS40 T246 and GSK3β S9, was increased. Differently to what observed in response to CK2β down-regulation, the chemical inhibition of CK2 activity by cell treatment with the specific inhibitor CX-4945 reduced both the Akt canonical sites, pT308 and pS473. In CX-4945-treated cells, the changes in rpS6 pS235/S236 and GSK3β pS9 mirrored those induced by CK2β knock-down (reduction and slight increase, respectively); on the contrary, the effect on PRAS40 pT246 phosphorylation was sharply different, being strongly reduced by CK2 inhibition; this suggests that this Akt target might be dependent on Akt pS473 status in HK-2 cells. Since PI3K/Akt and ERK1/2/p90rsk pathways are known to be interconnected and both modulated by CK2, with GSK3β pS9 representing a convergent point, we investigated if ERK1/2/p90rsk signaling was affected by CK2β knock-down and CX-4945 treatment in HK-2 cells. We found that p90rsk was insensitive to any kind of CK2 targeting; therefore, the observation that, similarly, GSK3β pS9 was not reduced by CK2 blockade suggests that GSK3β phosphorylation is mainly under the control of p90rsk in these cells. However, we found that the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 reduced GSK3β pS9, and concomitantly decreased Snail1 levels (a GSK3β target and Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal transition marker). The effects of LY294002 were observed also in CK2β-downregulated cells, suggesting that reducing GSK3β pS9 could be a strategy to control Snail1 levels in any situation where CK2β is defective, as possibly occurring in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefania Alcaraz
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Unitat de Bioquímica Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain
| | - Jordi Vilardell
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Unitat de Bioquímica Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain
| | - Christian Borgo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Eduard Sarró
- Fisiopatología Renal, CIBBIM-Nanomedicine, VHIR, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Plana
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Unitat de Bioquímica Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oriano Marin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Lorenzo A. Pinna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy
| | - José R. Bayascas
- Departament de Bioquimica i Biologia Molecular, Unitat de Bioquímica de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Meseguer
- Fisiopatología Renal, CIBBIM-Nanomedicine, VHIR, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Bioquimica i Biologia Molecular, Unitat de Bioquímica de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III-FEDER, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mauro Salvi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Emilio Itarte
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Unitat de Bioquímica Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Ruzzene
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy
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Kang Q, Gong J, Wang M, Wang Q, Chen F, Cheng KW. 6-C-(E-Phenylethenyl)Naringenin Attenuates the Stemness of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells by Suppressing Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:13939-13947. [PMID: 31769973 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b05733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The effect of a novel semi-natural derivative of naringenin, 6-C-(E-phenylethenyl)naringenin (6-CEPN) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) stemness was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. 6-CEPN reduced HCC cell viability, inhibited sphere formation, cell migration and invasion, and blocked epithelial-mesenchymal transition. It was equally effective against NANOG+ cells sorted from cultured HCC cells that was accompanied by downregulation of stemness-associated transcription factors and attenuated HIF-1 activity. Furthermore, 6-CEPN significantly enhanced the sensitivity of HCC cells to therapeutic drugs, and inhibited HCC tumor growth and lung metastasis of HCC cells. 6-CEPN suppressed Wnt/β-catenin signaling by inducing β-catenin degradation and inhibiting its nuclear translocation. Upregulation of GSK3β appeared to be crucial for 6-CEPN's inhibitory activity in the signaling pathway. These findings indicate that 6-CEPN has a strong effect against liver cancer, which is mediated, at least in part, by suppressing the stemness of HCC cells through an action mechanism involving Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzheng Kang
- Institute for Advanced Study , Shenzhen University , Nanshan District , Shenzhen 518060 , China
| | - Jun Gong
- Faculty of Health Sciences , University of Macau , Macau 999078 , China
| | - Mingfu Wang
- School of Biological Sciences , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR 999077 , China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing , Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Feng Chen
- Institute for Advanced Study , Shenzhen University , Nanshan District , Shenzhen 518060 , China
- Institute for Food and Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Ka-Wing Cheng
- Institute for Advanced Study , Shenzhen University , Nanshan District , Shenzhen 518060 , China
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9
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Shen Y, Chen S, Zhao Y. Sulfiredoxin-1 alleviates high glucose-induced podocyte injury though promoting Nrf2/ARE signaling via inactivation of GSK-3β. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 516:1137-1144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.06.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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10
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Abnormal glycogen storage in tuberous sclerosis complex caused by impairment of mTORC1-dependent and -independent signaling pathways. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:2977-2986. [PMID: 30728291 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1812943116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant syndrome that causes tumor formation in multiple organs. TSC is caused by inactivating mutations in the genes encoding TSC1/2, negative regulators of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). Diminished TSC function is associated with excess glycogen storage, but the causative mechanism is unknown. By studying human and mouse cells with defective or absent TSC2, we show that complete loss of TSC2 causes an increase in glycogen synthesis through mTORC1 hyperactivation and subsequent inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β), a negative regulator of glycogen synthesis. Specific TSC2 pathogenic mutations, however, result in elevated glycogen levels with no changes in mTORC1 or GSK3β activities. We identify mTORC1-independent lysosomal depletion and impairment of autophagy as the driving causes underlying abnormal glycogen storage in TSC irrespective of the underlying mutation. The defective autophagic degradation of glycogen is associated with abnormal ubiquitination and degradation of essential proteins of the autophagy-lysosome pathway, such as LC3 and lysosomal associated membrane protein 1 and 2 (LAMP1/2) and is restored by the combined use of mTORC1 and Akt pharmacological inhibitors. In complementation to current models that place mTORC1 as the central therapeutic target for TSC pathogenesis, our findings identify mTORC1-independent pathways that are dysregulated in TSC and that should therefore be taken into account in the development of a therapeutic treatment.
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11
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Rencüzoğullari Ö, Arısan ED, Obakan Yerlikaya P, Çoker Gürkan A, Keskin B, Palavan Ünsal N. Inhibition of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase potentiates the apoptotic and antimetastatic effects of cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitors on metastatic DU145 and PC3 prostate cancer cells. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:5558-5569. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Özge Rencüzoğullari
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Science and Literature Faculty, Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus Istanbul Turkey
| | - Elif Damla Arısan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Science and Literature Faculty, Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus Istanbul Turkey
| | - Pinar Obakan Yerlikaya
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Science and Literature Faculty, Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus Istanbul Turkey
| | - Ajda Çoker Gürkan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Science and Literature Faculty, Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus Istanbul Turkey
| | - Buse Keskin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Science and Literature Faculty, Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus Istanbul Turkey
| | - Narçin Palavan Ünsal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Science and Literature Faculty, Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus Istanbul Turkey
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ApoE4-associated phospholipid dysregulation contributes to development of Tau hyper-phosphorylation after traumatic brain injury. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11372. [PMID: 28900205 PMCID: PMC5595858 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11654-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) genotype combines with traumatic brain injury (TBI) to increase the risk of developing Alzheimer's Disease (AD). However, the underlying mechanism(s) is not well-understood. We found that after exposure to repetitive blast-induced TBI, phosphoinositol biphosphate (PIP2) levels in hippocampal regions of young ApoE3 mice were elevated and associated with reduction in expression of a PIP2 degrading enzyme, synaptojanin 1 (synj1). In contrast, hippocampal PIP2 levels in ApoE4 mice did not increase after blast TBI. Following blast TBI, phospho-Tau (pTau) levels were unchanged in ApoE3 mice, whereas in ApoE4 mice, levels of pTau were significantly increased. To determine the causal relationship between changes in pTau and PIP2/synj1 levels after TBI, we tested if down-regulation of synj1 prevented blast-induced Tau hyper-phosphorylation. Knockdown of synj1 decreased pTau levels in vitro, and abolished blast-induced elevation of pTau in vivo. Blast TBI increased glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β activities in ApoE4 mice, and synj1 knockdown inhibited GSK3β phosphorylation of Tau. Together, these data suggest that ApoE proteins regulate brain phospholipid homeostasis in response to TBI and that the ApoE4 isoform is dysfunctional in this process. Down-regulation of synj1 rescues blast-induced phospholipid dysregulation and prevents development of Tau hyper-phosphorylation in ApoE4 carriers.
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Liu S, Zha J, Lei M. Inhibiting ERK/Mnk/eIF4E broadly sensitizes ovarian cancer response to chemotherapy. Clin Transl Oncol 2017; 20:374-381. [PMID: 28766096 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-017-1724-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether ERK/MNK/eIF4E contributes chemoresistance in ovarian cancer. METHODS The phosphorylated levels of Erk, Mnk, and eIF4E were systematically analyzed in ovarian cancer patients before and after chemotherapy, and ovarian cancer cells exposed to short- and long-term chemo-agent treatment. The roles of Erk/Mnk/eIF4E were investigated using pharmacological and genetic approaches. RESULTS Increased phosphorylation levels of ERK, Mnk1, and eIF4E were observed in ovarian cancer cell exposed to chemotherapeutic agents, and paclitaxel-resistant SK-OV-3-r cells, and is a common response of ovarian cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. MEK inhibitor U0126 inhibits basal and chemodrug-induced phosphorylation of ERK as well as Mnk1 and eIF4E, suggesting that Mnk1/eIF4E are the downstream signaling of ERK pathway and chemotherapy agents activate ERK/MNK/eIF4E in a MEK-dependent manner. eIF4E overexpression promotes ovarian cancer cell growth without affecting migration. In addition, ovarian cancer cells with eIF4E overexpression are more resistant to chemotherapeutic agents in aspect of growth inhibition and apoptosis induction compared to control cells. In contrast, eIF4E depletion augments chemotherapeutic agents' effect in ovarian cancer cells. These demonstrate that eIF4E play roles in growth and chemoresistance in ovarian cancer. MEK inhibitor U0126 also significantly enhances chemotherapeutic agents' inhibitory effects. CONCLUSIONS Our work shows that ERK/Mnk/eIF4E activation is critically involved in ovarian cancer chemoresistance and inhibiting ERK/Mnk/eIF4E broadly sensitizes ovarian cancer response to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, The People's Hospital of Three Gorges University, The First People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang, 443000, China.
| | - J Zha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The People's Hospital of Three Gorges University, The First People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - M Lei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The People's Hospital of Three Gorges University, The First People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang, 443000, China
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