1
|
Yin A, Guan X, Zhang JV, Niu J. Focusing on the role of secretin/adhesion (Class B) G protein-coupled receptors in placental development and preeclampsia. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:959239. [PMID: 36187484 PMCID: PMC9515905 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.959239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia, a clinical syndrome mainly characterized by hypertension and proteinuria, with a worldwide incidence of 3–8% and high maternal mortality, is a risk factor highly associated with maternal and offspring cardiovascular disease. However, the etiology and pathogenesis of preeclampsia are complicated and have not been fully elucidated. Obesity, immunological diseases and endocrine metabolic diseases are high-risk factors for the development of preeclampsia. Effective methods to treat preeclampsia are lacking, and termination of pregnancy remains the only curative treatment for preeclampsia. The pathogenesis of preeclampsia include poor placentation, uteroplacental malperfusion, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, dysregulated immune tolerance, vascular inflammation and endothelial cell dysfunction. The notion that placenta is the core factor in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia is still prevailing. G protein-coupled receptors, the largest family of membrane proteins in eukaryotes and the largest drug target family to date, exhibit diversity in structure and function. Among them, the secretin/adhesion (Class B) G protein-coupled receptors are essential drug targets for human diseases, such as endocrine diseases and cardiometabolic diseases. Given the great value of the secretin/adhesion (Class B) G protein-coupled receptors in the regulation of cardiovascular system function and the drug target exploration, we summarize the role of these receptors in placental development and preeclampsia, and outlined the relevant pathological mechanisms, thereby providing potential drug targets for preeclampsia treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aiqi Yin
- Department of Obstetrics, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaonian Guan
- Department of Obstetrics, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian V. Zhang
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Metabolic Health, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Jian V. Zhang, ; Jianmin Niu,
| | - Jianmin Niu
- Department of Obstetrics, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Jian V. Zhang, ; Jianmin Niu,
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Investigation of Sperm and Seminal Plasma Candidate MicroRNAs of Bulls with Differing Fertility and In Silico Prediction of miRNA-mRNA Interaction Network of Reproductive Function. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12182360. [PMID: 36139221 PMCID: PMC9495167 DOI: 10.3390/ani12182360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The objective of this study was to identify differentially expressed (DE) sperm and seminal plasma microRNAs (miRNAs) in high- and low-fertile Holstein bulls (four bulls per group), integrate miRNAs to their target genes, and categorize target genes based on predicted biological processes. Out of 84 bovine-specific, prioritized miRNAs analyzed by RT-PCR, 30 were differentially expressed in high-fertile sperm and seminal plasma compared to low-fertile sperm and seminal plasma, respectively (p ≤ 0.05, fold regulation ≥5 magnitudes). Interestingly, expression levels of DE-miRNAs in sperm and seminal plasma followed a similar pattern. Highly scored integrated genes of DE-miRNAs predicted various biological and molecular functions, cellular process, and pathways. Further in silico analysis revealed categorized genes may have a plausible association with pathways regulating sperm structure and function, fertilization, and embryo and placental development. In conclusion, highly DE-miRNAs in bovine sperm and seminal plasma could be used as a tool for predicting reproductive functions. Since the identified miRNA-mRNA interactions were mostly based on predictions from public databases, the causal regulations of miRNA-mRNA and the underlying mechanisms require further functional characterization in future studies. Abstract Recent advances in high-throughput in silico techniques portray experimental data as exemplified biological networks and help us understand the role of individual proteins, interactions, and their biological functions. The objective of this study was to identify differentially expressed (DE) sperm and seminal plasma microRNAs (miRNAs) in high- and low-fertile Holstein bulls (four bulls per group), integrate miRNAs to their target genes, and categorize the target genes based on biological process predictions. Out of 84 bovine-specific, prioritized miRNAs analyzed by RT-PCR, 30 were differentially expressed in high-fertile sperm and seminal plasma compared to low-fertile sperm and seminal plasma, respectively (p ≤ 0.05, fold regulation ≥ 5 magnitudes). The expression levels of DE-miRNAs in sperm and seminal plasma followed a similar pattern. Highly scored integrated genes of DE-miRNAs predicted various biological and molecular functions, cellular process, and pathways. Further, analysis of the categorized genes showed association with pathways regulating sperm structure and function, fertilization, and embryo and placental development. In conclusion, highly DE-miRNAs in bovine sperm and seminal plasma could be used as a tool for predicting reproductive functions. Since the identified miRNA-mRNA interactions were mostly based on predictions from public databases, the causal regulations of miRNA-mRNA and the underlying mechanisms require further functional characterization in future studies.
Collapse
|
3
|
Xie T, Tang Y, Luo R, Zhang X, Wu S, Gu Y, Liu T, Hu F. GPR64 promotes cAMP pathway in tumor aggressiveness in sparsely granulated growth hormone cell adenomas. Endocrine 2020; 68:629-639. [PMID: 32180116 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-020-02263-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is an increasing agreement that acromegaly caused by growth hormone (GH) cell adenoma has two distinct subtypes: densely granulated (DG) and sparsely granulated (SG). We hypothesized that differential molecular signatures may explain their behavior. METHODS Total transcriptome sequencing was performed on ten DG and seven SG adenomas. The differentially expressed RNAs were identified by bioinformatic analyses, and a candidate RNA was verified by quantitative real-time PCR. Immunohistochemical staining was also performed to detect the protein expression of the candidate. Clinical parameters were correlated with protein expression. Subsequently, cell proliferation, colony formation, and cell cycle progression were analyzed after knockdown of the candidate in pituitary GH3 cells. Activation of the cAMP pathway was assessed by ELISA and Western blot. RESULTS We confirmed that there were obvious differentially expressed genes between the subtypes. Through gene profiling, we discovered that an orphan adhesion G protein-coupled receptor, GPR64, was overexpressed in more aggressive SG adenomas. Noticeably, GPR64 knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation of GH3 tumor cells and decreased colony formation. The knockdown also induced cell cycle arrest in GH3 tumor cells. Further studies revealed that GPR64 knockdown decreased cAMP levels and the ratios of p-CREB/CREB, indicating that it suppressed the cAMP/CREB pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that GPR64 may promote aggressiveness in SG-type GH cell adenomas and that it is a key factor regulating the cAMP pathway to promote aggressiveness of GH cell adenomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongkui Luo
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaobiao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Digital Medical Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention, Shanghai, China.
| | - Silin Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tengfei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ma L, Sonstegard TS, Cole JB, VanTassell CP, Wiggans GR, Crooker BA, Tan C, Prakapenka D, Liu GE, Da Y. Genome changes due to artificial selection in U.S. Holstein cattle. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:128. [PMID: 30744549 PMCID: PMC6371544 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5459-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The availability of a unique unselected Holstein line since 1964 provided a direct comparison between selected and unselected Holstein genomes whereas large Holstein samples provided unprecedented statistical power for identifying high-confidence SNP effects. Utilizing these unique resources, we aimed to identify genome changes affected by selection since 1964. Results Direct comparison of genome-wide SNP markers between a Holstein line unselected since 1964 and contemporary Holsteins showed that the 40 years of artificial selection since 1964 resulted in genome landscape changes. Among the regions affected by selection, the regions containing 198 genes with fertility functions had a larger negative correlation than that of all SNPs between the SNP effects on milk yield and daughter pregnancy rate. These results supported the hypothesis that hitchhiking of genetic selection for milk production by negative effects of fertility genes contributed to the unintended declines in fertility since 1964. The genome regions subjected to selection also contained 67 immunity genes, the bovine MHC region of Chr23 with significantly decreased heterozygosity in contemporary Holsteins, and large gene clusters including T-cell receptor and immunoglobulin genes. Conclusions This study for the first time provided direct evidence that genetic selection for milk production affected fertility and immunity genes and that the hitchhiking of genetic selection for milk production by negative fertility effects contributed to the fertility declines since 1964, and identified a large number of candidate fertility and immunity genes affected by selection. The results provided novel understanding about genome changes due to artificial selection and their impact on fertility and immunity genes and could facilitate developing genetic methods to reverse the declines in fertility and immunity in Holstein cattle. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5459-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | | | - John B Cole
- Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | | | - George R Wiggans
- Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Brian A Crooker
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Cheng Tan
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dzianis Prakapenka
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - George E Liu
- Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Yang Da
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nahari E, Razi M. Silymarin amplifies apoptosis in ectopic endometrial tissue in rats with endometriosis; implication on growth factor GDNF, ERK1/2 and Bcl-6b expression. Acta Histochem 2018; 120:757-767. [PMID: 30195499 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The present prospective study was done to evaluate the effect of silymarin (SMN) on endometriotic-like legions establishment and growth in experimentally-induced endometriosis. For this purpose, the experimental endometriosis was induced in 12 rats and then the animals subdivided into endometriosis-sole and SMN (50 mg kg-1, orally)+endometriosis groups. Following 28 days, the legions establishment, size, Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), gfrα1, B Cell Lymphoma 6 (Bcl-6b), Bcl-2, extracellular regulator kinase (ERK1/2) expression ratios, angiogenesis, the apoptosis and fibrosis indices were investigated. The SMN significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the enometriotic-like legions establishment and size, decreased mRNA levels of GDNF, gfrα1, Bcl-6b and Bcl-2 and remarkably diminished GDNF, gfrα1, Bcl-6b and Bcl-2-positive cells distribution/mm2 of tissue versus endometriosis-sole group. The SMN + endometriosis group exhibited a significant (P < 0.05) enhancement in ERK1/2 expression and represented diminished vascularized area and increased apoptosis and fibrosis indices, as well. In conclusion, the SMN by down-regulating GDNF and its receptor gfrα1 expression inhibits GDNF-gfrα1 complex generation and consequently suppresses Bcl-6b expression. Moreover, the SMN by enhancing the ERK1/2 expression and by suppressing the Bcl-2 expression promotes the apoptosis pathway. Finally, the SMN by down-regulating the angiogenesis ratio accelerates apoptosis and consequently induces severe fibrosis in endometriotic-like legions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Nahari
- Department of Biology, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mazdak Razi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. BOC: 1177, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|