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Adamska M, Kowal-Wiśniewska E, Czerwińska-Rybak J, Kiwerska K, Barańska M, Gronowska W, Loba J, Brzeźniakiewicz-Janus K, Wasilewska E, Łanocha A, Jarmuż-Szymczak M, Gil L. Defining the mutational profile of lower-risk myelodysplastic neoplasm patients with respect to disease progression using next-generation sequencing and pyrosequencing. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2024; 27:269-279. [PMID: 38405213 PMCID: PMC10883195 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2023.135365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Lower-risk myelodysplastic neoplasms (LR-MDS) comprise the majority of MDS. Despite favourable prognoses, some patients remain at risk of rapid progression. We aimed to define the mutational profile of LR-MDS using next-generation sequencing (NGS), Sanger Sequencing (SSeq), and pyrosequencing. Material and methods Samples from 5 primary LR-MDS (67 exons of SF3B1, U2AF1, SRSF2, ZRSR2, TET2, ASXL1, DNMT3A, TP53, and RUNX1 genes) were subjected to NGS. Next, a genomic study was performed to test for the presence of identified DNA sequence variants on a larger group of LR-MDS patients (25 bone marrow [BM], 3 saliva [SAL], and one peripheral blood [PB] sample/s). Both SSeq (all selected DNA sequence variants) and pyrosequencing (9 selected DNA sequence variants) were performed. Results Next-generation sequencing results identified 13 DNA sequence variants in 7 genes, comprising 8 mutations in 6 genes (ASXL1, DNMT3A, RUNX1, SF3B1, TET2, ZRSR2) in LR-MDS. The presence of 8 DNA variants was detected in the expanded LR-MDS group using SSeq and pyrosequencing. Mutation acquisition was observed during LR-MDS progression. Four LR-MDS and one acute myeloid leukaemia myelodysplasia-related patient exhibited the presence of at least one mutation. ASXL1 and SF3B1 alterations were most commonly observed (2 patients). Five DNA sequence variants detected in BM (patients: 9, 13) were also present in SAL. Conclusions We suggest using NGS to determine the LR-MDS mutational profile at diagnosis and suspicion of disease progression. Moreover, PB and SAL molecular testing represent useful tools for monitoring LR-MDS at higher risk of progression. However, the results need to be confirmed in a larger group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Adamska
- Department of Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
- Doctoral School, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewelina Kowal-Wiśniewska
- Department of Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Joanna Czerwińska-Rybak
- Department of Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Marta Barańska
- Doctoral School, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Weronika Gronowska
- Student Scientific Society, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Jagoda Loba
- Student Scientific Society, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Brzeźniakiewicz-Janus
- Department of Haematology, Oncology, and Radiotherapy, University of Zielona Góra, Multi-specialist Hospital Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland
| | - Ewa Wasilewska
- Department of Haematology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Łanocha
- Department of Haematology with Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, University Hospital No. 1 of Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Jarmuż-Szymczak
- Department of Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Lidia Gil
- Department of Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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Zhang J, Di S, Li M, Dong Y, Xie S, Gong T, Hu P, Jia Q, Fan B. FAM107A as a tumor suppressor in esophageal squamous carcinoma inhibits growth and metastasis. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 252:154945. [PMID: 37977035 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sequence similarity Family 107 member A (FAM107A) has been recognized as a tumor suppressor of various malignancies, which suppresses tumor proliferation and metastasis. Its specific role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear. METHODS Public datasets including Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), and Western blot were utilized for comparative analysis of FAM107A expression between ESCC and normal tissues. The link between FAM107A and clinicopathological features, as well as prognosis determined through χ2-test, log-rank analysis, and univariate and multivariate analyses, respectively. The impact of FAM107A on ESCC cell malignant behavior was confirmed through in vitro assays, including cell counting using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), clonal formation, wound healing, and transwell assays. Western blot analysis was employed to assess the effects of FAM107A on tumor epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cell cycle-related proteins. Finally, xenograft tumors were developed to investigate the influence of FAM107A on ESCC growth in vivo. RESULTS FAM107A exhibited low expression in ESCC tissues. Reduced FAM107A expression was associated with a poorer prognosis and unfavorable clinicopathological characteristics, such as degree of differentiation, T-stage, and N-stage. Overexpression of FAM107A suppressed ESCC cell proliferation, invasion, migration, the EMT process, and cell cycle progression. Finally, FAM107A overexpression inhibited tumor development in vivo. CONCLUSION The decreased expression of FAM107A is indicative of a worse prognosis for ESCC patients. FAM107A exerts inhibitory impacts on malignant behavior and may hold promise as a therapeutic target for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital of Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Shouyin Di
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital of Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yanxin Dong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital of Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Shun Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital of Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Taiqian Gong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital of Beijing, Beijing, China.
| | - Peizhen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Qingge Jia
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Boshi Fan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital of Beijing, Beijing, China.
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Cui XF, Zhang SL, Wang WP, Huang XW, Chen XJ. Identification of competing endogenous RNA network in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Dis 2023; 29:574-583. [PMID: 34337826 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to investigate key long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) involved in competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network associated with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Three mRNA datasets, two miRNA datasets, and one lncRNA dataset of LSCC were downloaded from GEO database. Following the identification of differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs), (microRNAs) miRNAs (DEmiRNAs), and lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) in LSCC compared with adjacent tissues, functional enrichment of DEmRNAs was performed. Then, construction of the ceRNA (DElncRNA-DEmiRNA-DEmRNA) regulatory network and functional analyses of all DEmRNAs in ceRNA regulatory network were conducted. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reactions (qRT-PCR) were used to detect the expression levels of selected DEmRNAs, DEmiRNAs, and DElncRNAs. RESULTS A total of 3449 DEmRNAs, 40 DEmiRNAs, and 100 DElncRNAs were identified in LSCC. The ceRNA networks, which contained 132 DElncRNA-DEmiRNA pairs and 287 DEmiRNA-DEmRNA pairs, involving 44 lncRNAs, 3 miRNAs, and 271 mRNAs, were obtained. DEmRNAs in ceRNA regulatory networks were significantly enriched in pathways in cancer, prostate cancer, and aldosterone-regulated sodium reabsorption. Except for HCG22 and hsa-miR-1246, expressions of the others in the qRT-PCR results played the same pattern with that in our integrated analysis, generally. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that HCG22/EGOT-hsa-miR-1275-FAM107A and HCG22/EGOT-hsa-miR-1246-Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1 like interaction pairs may play a central role in LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Cui
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Si-Lin Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei-Ping Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-Wu Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiang-Jun Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
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FAM107A Inactivation Associated with Promoter Methylation Affects Prostate Cancer Progression through the FAK/PI3K/AKT Pathway. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14163915. [PMID: 36010909 PMCID: PMC9405870 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14163915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common male malignancy. FAM107A, or actin-associated protein, is commonly downregulated in PCa and is associated with a poor patient prognosis. We investigated the role of FAM107A in PCa and found that downregulation of FAM107A expression was caused by hypermethylation of CpG islands, and DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) was involved in maintaining hypermethylation. Mechanistically, FAM107A regulated PCa cell growth through the FAK/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Therefore, FAM107A overexpression may represent a potential treatment for PCa, while therapies targeting epigenetic events that regulate FAM107A expression may also be an effective strategy for PCa treatment. Abstract Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers and is the second leading cause of mortality in men. Studies exploring novel therapeutic methods are urgently needed. FAM107A, a coding gene located in the short arm of chromosome3, is generally downregulated in PCa and is associated with a poor prognosis. However, the downregulation of FAM107A in PCa and the mechanism of its action remain challenging to determine. This investigation found that downregulation of FAM107A expression in PCa was caused by hypermethylation of CpG islands. Furthermore, DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) was involved in maintaining hypermethylation. Mechanistically, overexpression of FAM107A inhibits tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion and promotes apoptosis through the FAK/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, indicating that FAM107A may be a molecular brake of FAK/PI3K/AKT signaling, thus limiting the active state of the FAK/PI3K/AKT pathway. These findings will contribute to a better understanding of the effect of FAM107A in PCa, and FAM107A may represent a new therapeutic target for PCa.
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Ma YF, Li GD, Sun X, Li XX, Gao Y, Gao C, Cao KX, Yang GW, Yu MW, Wang XM. Identification of FAM107A as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for prostate carcinoma. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:10163-10177. [PMID: 34650688 PMCID: PMC8507028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
FAM107A may have a dual role in regulating the biological functions of tumors; however, its role in prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) remains unknown. We analyzed FAM107A expression by employing databases to clarify its potential prognostic value for PRAD, as well as its role in the pathogenesis of PRAD. We observed that the FAM107A expression level is decreased in PRAD, and the reduced expression is considerably associated with poor overall survival and progression-free survival (PFS). To explore the mechanism of FAN107A in PRAD, we performed an immune cell infiltration analysis and a gene set enrichment analysis. The results showed that FAM107A expression is positively related to mast cells and natural killer cells. The Wnt signaling pathway, the MAPK signaling pathway, and the immune responses are differentially enriched in the FAM107A high-expression phenotype. The FAM107A low-expression phenotype is linked to apoptosis-induced DNA fragmentation and DNA methylation in PRAD. To assess the relationship between the clinical features and the FAM107A expression, we performed a logistic regression analysis and observed that a decreased FAM107A expression is associated with poor prognostic features, including the T stage, the N stage, the Gleason score, residual tumors, and the TP53 status. Our multivariate Cox regression results showed that the Gleason score, the primary therapy outcome, and the FAM107A expression are independent prognostic factors in PFS. In summary, we consider FAM107A an independent risk factor for PFS in PRAD. Moreover, several pathways may reveal the role of FAM107A in triggering carcinogenesis. These discoveries provide novel perspectives for future research to elucidate the pathogenic mechanism underlying PRAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Fei Ma
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Guang-Da Li
- Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
| | - Xu Sun
- The Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Li
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
| | - Chong Gao
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Ke-Xin Cao
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Guo-Wang Yang
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Ming-Wei Yu
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Xiao-Min Wang
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
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Yan D, Chen Y. Tumor mutation burden (TMB)-associated signature constructed to predict survival of lung squamous cell carcinoma patients. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9020. [PMID: 33907270 PMCID: PMC8079676 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88694-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is a common type of lung cancer with high incidence and mortality rate. Tumor mutational burden (TMB) is an emerging biomarker for selecting patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) for immunotherapy. This study aimed to reveal TMB involved in the mechanisms of LUSC and develop a model to predict the overall survival of LUSC patients. The information of patients with LUSC were obtained from the cancer genome atlas database (TCGA). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between low- and the high-TMB groups were identified and taken as nodes for the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction. Gene oncology (GO) enrichment analysis and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were used to investigate the potential molecular mechanism. Then, we identified the factors affecting the prognosis of LUSC through cox analysis, and developed a risk score signature. Kaplan-Meier method was conducted to analyze the difference in survival between the high- and low-risk groups. We constructed a nomogram based on the risk score model and clinical characteristics to predict the overall survival of patients with LUSC. Finally, the signature and nomogram were further validated by using the gene expression data downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. 30 DEGs between high- and low-TMB groups were identified. PPI analysis identified CD22, TLR10, PIGR and SELE as the hub genes. Cox analysis indicated that FAM107A, IGLL1, SELE and T stage were independent prognostic factors of LUSC. Low-risk scores group lived longer than that of patients with high-risk scores in LUSC. Finally, we built a nomogram that integrated the clinical characteristics (TMN stage, age, gender) with the three-gene signature to predict the survival probability of LUSC patients. Further verification in the GEO dataset. TMB might contribute to the pathogenesis of LUSC. TMB-associated genes can be used to develope a model to predict the OS of lung squamous cell carcinoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yan
- Department of Respiratory, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Jinhua Hospital of Zhejiang University, No. 365, East Renmin Road, Jinhua, 321000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People's Republic of China
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Zhou JQ, Kang XL, Xu CJ, Liu S, Wang Y. Construction of Decision Trees Based on Gene Expression Omnibus Data to Classify Bladder Cancer and Its Subtypes. Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e929394. [PMID: 33753712 PMCID: PMC7999716 DOI: 10.12659/msm.929394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bladder cancer is a malignant tumor of the genitourinary system. Different subtypes of bladder cancer have different treatment methods and prognoses. Therefore, identifying hub genes affecting other genes is of great significance for the treatment of bladder cancer. Material/Methods: We obtained expression profiles from the GSE13507 and GSE77952 datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. First, principal component analysis was used to identify the difference in gene expression in different types of tissues. Differential expression analysis was used to find the differentially expressed genes between normal and tumor tissues, and between tumors with and without muscle infiltration. Further, based on differentially expressed genes, we constructed 2 decision trees for differentiating between tumor and normal tissues, and between muscle-infiltrating and non-muscle-infiltrating tumor tissues. A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the prediction effect of the decision trees. Results FAM107A and C8orf4 showed significantly lower expression in bladder cancer tissues than in normal tissues. Regarding muscle infiltration, CTHRC1 showed lower expression and HMGCS2 showed higher expression in non-muscle-infiltrating samples than in those with muscle infiltration. We constructed 2 decision trees for differentiating between tumor and normal tissue, and between tissues with and without muscle infiltration. Both decision trees showed good prediction results. Conclusions These newly discovered hub genes will be helpful in understanding the occurrence and development of different subtypes of bladder cancer, and will provide new therapeutic targets and biomarkers for bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Quan Zhou
- Department of Urology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan, China (mainland)
| | - Xin-Li Kang
- Department of Urology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan, China (mainland)
| | - Cong-Jie Xu
- Department of Urology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan, China (mainland)
| | - Shuan Liu
- Department of Urology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan, China (mainland)
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Urology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan, China (mainland)
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Comprehensive Analysis of mRNA Expression Profiles in Head and Neck Cancer by Using Robust Rank Aggregation and Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:4908427. [PMID: 33376725 PMCID: PMC7746451 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4908427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer in the world; its pathogenic mechanism remains to be further clarified. Methods Robust rank aggregation (RRA) analysis was utilized to identify the metasignature dysregulated genes, which were then used for potential drug prediction. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed on all metasignature genes to find hub genes. DNA methylation analysis, GSEA, functional annotation, and immunocyte infiltration analysis were then performed on hub genes to investigate their potential role in HNSCC. Result A total of 862 metasignature genes were identified, and 6 potential drugs were selected based on these genes. Based on the result of WGCNA, six hub genes (ITM2A, GALNTL1, FAM107A, MFAP4, PGM5, and OGN) were selected (GS > 0.1, MM > 0.75, GS p value < 0.05, and MM p value < 0.05). All six genes were downregulated in tumor tissue (FDR < 0.01) and were related to the clinical stage and prognosis of HNSCC in different degrees. Methylation analysis showed that the dysregulation of ITM2A, GALNTL1, FAM107A, and MFAP4 may be caused by hypermethylation. Moreover, the expression level of all 6 hub genes was positively associated with immune cell infiltration, and the result of GSEA showed that all hub genes may be involved in the process of immunoregulation. Conclusion All identified hub genes could be potential biomarkers for HNSCC and provide a new insight into the diagnosis and treatment of head and neck tumors.
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Jeong D, Ham J, Park S, Kim HW, Kim H, Ji HW, Kim SJ. Ginsenoside Rh2 Suppresses Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation by Epigenetically Regulating the Long Noncoding RNA C3orf67-AS1. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2019; 47:1643-1658. [PMID: 31645124 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x19500848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ginsenoside Rh2, a major bioactive ingredient abundant in red ginseng, has an antiproliferative effect on various cancer cells. In this study, we report a novel long noncoding RNA, C3orf67-AS1, which was identified as being hypermethylated at a CpG site of the promoter by Rh2 in MCF-7 cancer cells. Rh2-induced hypermethylation was responsible for the lower gene expression; the expression was recovered following treatment with a methyltransferase inhibitor, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. When C3orf67-AS1 was downregulated by a siRNA, the cell growth rate was decreased, demonstrating the RNA's oncogenic activity. Accordingly, breast cancer patients showed a lower methylation and higher expression level of C3orf67-AS1. Within 800 kb flanking C3orf67-AS1 on the chromosome, eight genes were found, and four genes including C3orf67 (the sense strand gene of C3orf67-AS1) were downregulated by Rh2. In particular, C3orf67 was downregulated when C3orf67-AS1 was suppressed by a siRNA; however, the expression of C3orf67-AS1 was not affected by C3orf67. Taken together, this study identifies a novel noncoding RNA, C3orf67-AS1, of which the expression could be suppressed by Rh2 via promoter methylation, thereby mediating the anti-proliferative effect of the ginsenoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawoon Jeong
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyeon Ham
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungbin Park
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Woo Kim
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejoo Kim
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwee Won Ji
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Jung Kim
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Republic of Korea
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Penisson M, Ladewig J, Belvindrah R, Francis F. Genes and Mechanisms Involved in the Generation and Amplification of Basal Radial Glial Cells. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:381. [PMID: 31481878 PMCID: PMC6710321 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of the cerebral cortex relies on different types of progenitor cell. Among them, the recently described basal radial glial cell (bRG) is suggested to be of critical importance for the development of the brain in gyrencephalic species. These cells are highly numerous in primate and ferret brains, compared to lissencephalic species such as the mouse in which they are few in number. Their somata are located in basal subventricular zones in gyrencephalic brains and they generally possess a basal process extending to the pial surface. They sometimes also have an apical process directed toward the ventricular surface, similar to apical radial glial cells (aRGs) from which they are derived, and whose somata are found more apically in the ventricular zone. bRGs share similarities with aRGs in terms of gene expression (SOX2, PAX6, and NESTIN), whilst also expressing a range of more specific genes (such as HOPX). In primate brains, bRGs can divide multiple times, self-renewing and/or generating intermediate progenitors and neurons. They display a highly specific cytokinesis behavior termed mitotic somal translocation. We focus here on recently identified molecular mechanisms associated with the generation and amplification of bRGs, including bRG-like cells in the rodent. These include signaling pathways such as the FGF-MAPK cascade, SHH, PTEN/AKT, PDGF pathways, and proteins such as INSM, GPSM2, ASPM, TRNP1, ARHGAP11B, PAX6, and HIF1α. A number of these proteins were identified through transcriptome comparisons in human aRGs vs. bRGs, and validated by modifying their activities or expression levels in the mouse. This latter experiment often revealed enhanced bRG-like cell production, even in some cases generating folds (gyri) on the surface of the mouse cortex. We compare the features of the identified cells and methods used to characterize them in each model. These important data converge to indicate pathways essential for the production and expansion of bRGs, which may help us understand cortical development in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Penisson
- Inserm, Institut du Fer à Moulin, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Inserm UMR-S 1270, Paris, France.,Institut du Fer à Moulin, Paris, France
| | - Julia Ladewig
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Hector Institute for Translational Brain Research (gGmbH), Mannheim, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Richard Belvindrah
- Inserm, Institut du Fer à Moulin, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Inserm UMR-S 1270, Paris, France.,Institut du Fer à Moulin, Paris, France
| | - Fiona Francis
- Inserm, Institut du Fer à Moulin, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Inserm UMR-S 1270, Paris, France.,Institut du Fer à Moulin, Paris, France
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Kretzschmar A, Schülke JP, Masana M, Dürre K, Müller MB, Bausch AR, Rein T. The Stress-Inducible Protein DRR1 Exerts Distinct Effects on Actin Dynamics. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123993. [PMID: 30545002 PMCID: PMC6321462 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytoskeletal dynamics are pivotal to memory, learning, and stress physiology, and thus psychiatric diseases. Downregulated in renal cell carcinoma 1 (DRR1) protein was characterized as the link between stress, actin dynamics, neuronal function, and cognition. To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms, we undertook a domain analysis of DRR1 and probed the effects on actin binding, polymerization, and bundling, as well as on actin-dependent cellular processes. Methods: DRR1 domains were cloned and expressed as recombinant proteins to perform in vitro analysis of actin dynamics (binding, bundling, polymerization, and nucleation). Cellular actin-dependent processes were analyzed in transfected HeLa cells with fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) and confocal microscopy. Results: DRR1 features an actin binding site at each terminus, separated by a coiled coil domain. DRR1 enhances actin bundling, the cellular F-actin content, and serum response factor (SRF)-dependent transcription, while it diminishes actin filament elongation, cell spreading, and actin treadmilling. We also provide evidence for a nucleation effect of DRR1. Blocking of pointed end elongation by addition of profilin indicates DRR1 as a novel barbed end capping factor. Conclusions: DRR1 impacts actin dynamics in several ways with implications for cytoskeletal dynamics in stress physiology and pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Kretzschmar
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstraße 2-10, 80805 München, Germany.
| | - Jan-Philip Schülke
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstraße 2-10, 80805 München, Germany.
| | - Mercè Masana
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstraße 2-10, 80805 München, Germany.
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy & Focus Program Translational Neuroscience, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Casanova, 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Katharina Dürre
- Lehrstuhl für Biophysik E27, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany.
| | - Marianne B Müller
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstraße 2-10, 80805 München, Germany.
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy & Focus Program Translational Neuroscience, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Andreas R Bausch
- Lehrstuhl für Biophysik E27, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany.
| | - Theo Rein
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstraße 2-10, 80805 München, Germany.
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12
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Bednarek K, Kostrzewska-Poczekaj M, Szaumkessel M, Kiwerska K, Paczkowska J, Byzia E, Ustaszewski A, Janiszewska J, Bartochowska A, Grenman R, Wierzbicka M, Szyfter K, Giefing M, Jarmuz-Szymczak M. Downregulation of CEACAM6 gene expression in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma is an effect of DNA hypermethylation and correlates with disease progression. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:1249-1261. [PMID: 30094098 PMCID: PMC6079150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We have turned our attention to CEACAM6 gene, already described as deregulated in various types of cancer. By using the expression microarrays performed on the set of 16 laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) samples: 11 cell lines and 5 primary tumors we have shown downregulation of CEACAM6 gene as compared to non cancer controls from head and neck region. CEACAM6 gene downregulation, further confirmed by quantitative PCR on 25 LSCC cell lines, was observed in cell lines derived from recurrent tumors in comparison to controls. A significant gene downregulation was observed in cell lines derived from advanced, high grade tumors in comparison to controls. Intrigued by the recurrent transcriptional loss of CEACAM6 we searched for the mechanism potentially responsible for its downregulation and hence we analyzed DNA copy number changes (a-CGH), promoter DNA methylation status and occurrence of gene mutations (in silico). Neither the analysis of gene copy number, nor the mutation screen has shown recurrent deletions or mutations, that could contribute to the observed downregulation of the gene. However, by using bisulfite pyrosequencing, we have shown DNA hypermethylation (mean DNA methylation > 78%) of CEACAM6 promoter region in 9/25 (36%) LSCC cell lines. Importantly, the 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine-induced inhibition of DNA methylation resulted in restoration of CEACAM6 expression in the two LSCC cell lines on mRNA level. In summary, we have shown that recurrent downregulation of CEACAM6 in LSCC is dependent on the gene's promoter DNA methylation and is observed predominantly in large, poorly differentiated tumors and recurrences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Bednarek
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of SciencesPoznan, Poland
| | | | | | - Katarzyna Kiwerska
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of SciencesPoznan, Poland
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Greater Poland Cancer CenterPoznan, Poland
| | - Julia Paczkowska
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of SciencesPoznan, Poland
| | - Ewa Byzia
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of SciencesPoznan, Poland
| | - Adam Ustaszewski
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of SciencesPoznan, Poland
| | | | - Anna Bartochowska
- Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology, Poznan University of Medical SciencesPoznan, Poland
| | - Reidar Grenman
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Department of Medical Biochemistry, Turku University Hospital and University of TurkuTurku, Finland
| | - Malgorzata Wierzbicka
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of SciencesPoznan, Poland
- Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology, Poznan University of Medical SciencesPoznan, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Szyfter
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of SciencesPoznan, Poland
| | - Maciej Giefing
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of SciencesPoznan, Poland
- Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology, Poznan University of Medical SciencesPoznan, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Jarmuz-Szymczak
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of SciencesPoznan, Poland
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Poznan University of Medical SciencesPoznan, Poland
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13
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Teng B, Zhao L, Gao J, He P, Li H, Chen J, Feng Q, Yi C. 20(s)-Protopanaxadiol (PPD) increases the radiotherapy sensitivity of laryngeal carcinoma. Food Funct 2018; 8:4469-4477. [PMID: 29090703 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00853h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Laryngeal carcinoma (LC) is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors in the head and neck area. Due to its high morbidity and mortality, LC poses a serious threat to human life and health. Even with surgical removal, some patients were not sensitive to radiotherapy or experienced transfer or recurrence. 20(s)-Protopanaxadiol (PPD), a natural product from Panax ginseng, has been reported to have cytotoxic effects against several cancer cell lines. However, whether it can improve the radiation sensitivity and the underlying mechanism of PPD's sensitization effect is still unknown. Herein, from in vitro and in vivo experiments, we found that the combination of PPD and radiation not only significantly inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis, but also suppressed the tumor growth in mouse models. These findings confirmed the role of PPD in enhancing the sensitivity of radiotherapy. Moreover, our work showed that the expression levels of mTOR and its downstream effectors decreased remarkably after PPD addition when compared to radiation only. This result suggested that PPD's excellent synergistic effects with radiation might be associated with the down-regulation of the mTOR signaling pathway in Hep-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Teng
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, Jilin, China.
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14
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Byzia E, Soloch N, Bodnar M, Szaumkessel M, Kiwerska K, Kostrzewska-Poczekaj M, Jarmuz-Szymczak M, Szylberg L, Wierzbicka M, Bartochowska A, Kalinowicz E, Grenman R, Szyfter K, Marszalek A, Giefing M. Recurrent transcriptional loss of the PCDH17 tumor suppressor in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma is partially mediated by aberrant promoter DNA methylation. Mol Carcinog 2018; 57:878-885. [PMID: 29566279 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Protocadherins are cell-cell adhesion molecules encoded by a large family of genes. Recent reports demonstrate recurrent silencing of protocadherin genes in tumors and provide strong arguments for their tumor supresor functionality. Loss of protocadherins may contribute to cancer development not only by altering cell-cell adhesion, that is a hallmark of cancer, but also by enhancing proliferation and epithelial mesenchymal transition of cells via deregulation of the WNT signaling pathway. In this study we have further corroborated our previous findings on the involvement of PCDH17 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). We used bisulfite pyrosequencing to analyze a cohort of primary LSCC tumors for alterations in PCDH17 promoter DNA methylation as an alternative gene inactivation mechanism to the homozygous deletions reported earlier. Moreover, we analyzed primary LSCC samples by immunohistochemistry for PCDH17 protein loss. We identified recurrent elevation of PCDH17 promoter DNA methylation in 32/81 (40%) primary tumors (P < 0.001) and therein hypermethylation of 12 (15%) cases in contrast to no tumor controls (n = 24) that were all unmethylated. Importantly, DNA demethylation by decitabine has restored low level PCDH17 expression in LSCC cell lines. In conclusion, we provide a mechanistic explanation of recurrently observed PCDH17 silencing in LSCC by demonstrating the role of promoter methylation in this process. In light of these findings and recent reports showing that PCDH17 methylation is detectable in serum of cancer patients we suggest that testing PCDH17 DNA methylation might serve as a potential biomarker in LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Byzia
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Natalia Soloch
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Bodnar
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland.,Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Katarzyna Kiwerska
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland.,Department of Tumor Pathology, Greater Poland Cancer Center, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Malgorzata Jarmuz-Szymczak
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland.,Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Lukasz Szylberg
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Wierzbicka
- Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Bartochowska
- Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewelina Kalinowicz
- Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Reidar Grenman
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, -Head and Neck Surgery, Turku University Central Hospital and Turku University, Turku, Finland.,Department of Medical Biochemistry, Turku University Central Hospital and Turku University, Turku, Finland
| | - Krzysztof Szyfter
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Andrzej Marszalek
- Department of Tumor Pathology and Prophylaxis, Poznan University of Medical Sciences and Greater Poland Cancer Center, Poznan, Poland
| | - Maciej Giefing
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland.,Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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