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Fujimaki A, Ohuchi K, Takizawa S, Murakami T, Kurita H, Hozumi I, Wen X, Kitamura Y, Wu Z, Maekawa Y, Inden M. The neuroprotective effects of FG-4592, a hypoxia-inducible factor-prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor, against oxidative stress induced by alpha-synuclein in N2a cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15629. [PMID: 37731009 PMCID: PMC10511692 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42903-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. The pathological hallmark of PD is the appearance of intraneuronal cytoplasmic α-synuclein (α-Syn) aggregation, called Lewy bodies. α-Syn aggregation is deeply involved in the pathogenesis of PD. Oxidative stress is also associated with the progression of PD. In the present study, to investigate whether a hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-prolyl hydroxylase (PH) inhibitor, FG-4592 (also called roxadustat), has neuroprotective effects against α-Syn-induced neurotoxicity, we employed a novel α-Syn stably expressing cell line (named α-Syn-N2a cells) utilizing a piggyBac transposon system. In α-Syn-N2a cells, oxidative stress and cell death were induced by α-Syn, and FG-4592 showed significant protection against this neurotoxicity. However, FG-4592 did not affect α-Syn protein levels. FG-4592 triggered heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression downstream of HIF-1α in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, FG-4592 decreased the production of reactive oxygen species possibly via the activation of HO-1 and subsequently suppressed α-Syn-induced neurotoxicity. Moreover, FG-4592 regulated mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration via the induction of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α. As FG-4592 has various neuroprotective effects against α-Syn and is involved in drug repositioning, it may have novel therapeutic potential for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Fujimaki
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Kazuki Ohuchi
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Shinnosuke Takizawa
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Takanori Murakami
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Hisaka Kurita
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Isao Hozumi
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Xiaopeng Wen
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Neurobiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Kitamura
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Neurobiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Zhiliang Wu
- Department of Parasitology and Infectious Diseases, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Yoichi Maekawa
- Department of Parasitology and Infectious Diseases, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
- Division of Preemptive Food Research, Preemptive Food Research Center (PFRC), Gifu University Institute for Advanced Science (GUIAS), Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
- Division of Animal Medical Science, Center for One Medicine Innovative Translational Research (COMIT), Gifu University Institute for Advanced Science (GUIAS), Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Inden
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan.
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Baiseitova A, Shah AB, Khan AM, Idrees M, Kim JH, Lee YH, Kong IK, Park KH. Antioxidant potentials of furanodihydrobenzoxanthones from Artocarpus elasticus and their protection against oxLDL induced injury in SH-SY5Y cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115278. [PMID: 37536031 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to reactive oxygen species (ROS) leads to the oxidation of low-density lipoproteins (LDL), converting them into oxidized ones (oxLDL), which are involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, suggesting a potential link between lipid dysregulation and neurodegenerative processes. Phenolic metabolites derived from Artocarpus elasticus root bark were found to possess significant antioxidant properties at three different radical scavenging assays, including 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Among them, furanodihydrobenzoxanthones (1-3) demonstrated notable protection against Cu2+ induced LDL oxidation, with IC50 values ranging from 0.9 to 2.9 μM in measurement of the malondialdehyde (MDA) production at TBARS and prolonged lag times (>180 min) in the generation of conjugated diene (CD). At a concentration of 10 μM, all three compounds (1-3) effectively protected against LDL oxidation as determined by relative electrophoretic mobility (REM). The most potent compound 1 defended human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells from oxLDL-mediated dysfunction, including oxLDL-induced cytotoxicity, inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, and enhancing mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). Individual components annotation in the ethylacetate extract was performed using LC-ESI-QTOF/MS, which serves as a chemotaxonomic marker for A. elasticus root barks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aizhamal Baiseitova
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Abdul Bari Shah
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Abdul Majid Khan
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Idrees
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hyun Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Keun Kong
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hun Park
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea.
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Inden M, Kimura Y, Nishii K, Masaka T, Takase N, Tsutsui M, Ohuchi K, Kurita H, Hozumi I. Role of phosphate transporter PiT-2 in the pathogenesis of primary brain calcification. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 640:21-25. [PMID: 36495606 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.11.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Primary brain calcification (PBC), also known as idiopathic basal ganglia calcification (IBGC), primary familial brain calcification (PFBC) and so on, is a rare intractable disease characterized by abnormal mineral deposits, including mostly calcium in the basal ganglia, thalamus, and cerebellum. The causative gene of familial PBC is SLC20A2, which encodes the phosphate transporter PiT-2. Despite this knowledge, the molecular mechanism underlying SLC20A2-associated PBC remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated whether haploinsufficiency or a dominant-negative mechanism reduced Pi uptake in two PiT-2 variants (T115 M and R467X). We demonstrated that the presence of T115 M or R467X had no dominant-negative effect on Pi transport activity of wild-type (WT). In addition, the subcellular localization of R467X completely differed from that of WT, indicating that there is no interaction between R467X and WT. Conversely, T115 M and WT showed almost the same localization. Therefore, we examined the interaction between T115 M and WT using the bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) method. Although WT and T115 M interact with each other, T115 M does not inhibit WT's Pi transport activity. These results suggest that the role of SLC20A2 in the pathogenesis of PBC may involve decreased intracellular Pi uptake by a haploinsufficiency mechanism rather than a dominant-negative mechanism; agents promoting PiT-2 dimerization may be promising potential therapeutic agents for PBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Inden
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Department Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi Gifu City, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan.
| | - Yuna Kimura
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Department Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi Gifu City, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Kazuya Nishii
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Department Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi Gifu City, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Masaka
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Department Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi Gifu City, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Naoko Takase
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Department Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi Gifu City, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Mai Tsutsui
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Department Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi Gifu City, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Kazuki Ohuchi
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Department Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi Gifu City, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Hisaka Kurita
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Department Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi Gifu City, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Isao Hozumi
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Department Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi Gifu City, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
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Takase N, Inden M, Murayama Y, Mishima A, Kurita H, Hozumi I. PDGF-BB is involved in phosphate regulation via the phosphate transporters in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 593:93-100. [PMID: 35063775 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Inorganic phosphate (Pi) is the second most abundant inorganic ion in the body. Since abnormalities in Pi metabolism are risk factors for various diseases, serum Pi levels are strictly controlled. Type-III sodium-dependent Pi transporters, PiT-1 (encoded by SLC20A1) and PiT-2 (encoded by SLC20A2), are distributed throughout the tissues of the body, including the central nervous system, and are known to be responsible for extracellular to intracellular Pi transport. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is a major growth factor of mesenchymal cells. PDGF-BB, a homodimer of PDGF-B, regulates intracellular Pi by increasing PiT-1 expression in vascular smooth muscle cells. However, the effects of PDGF-BB on Pi transporters in neurons have yet to be reported. Here, we investigated the effect of PDGF-BB on Pi transporters in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. PDGF-BB did not induce SLC20A1 mRNA expression, but it increased the intracellular uptake of Pi via PiT-1 in SH-SY5Y cells. Among the signaling pathways associated with PDGF-BB, AKT signaling was shown to be involved in the increase in Pi transport. In addition, the PDGF-BB-induced increase in Pi mediated neuroprotective effects in SLC20A2-suppressed cells, in an in vitro model of the pathological condition found in idiopathic basal ganglia calcification. Moreover, the increase in Pi uptake was found to occur through promotion of intracellular PiT-1 translocation to the plasma membrane. Overall, these results indicate that PDGF-BB exerts neuroprotective effects via Pi transport, and they demonstrate the potential utility of PDGF-BB against abnormal Pi metabolism in neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Takase
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Department Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi Gifu city, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Inden
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Department Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi Gifu city, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan.
| | - Yuto Murayama
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Department Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi Gifu city, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Ayane Mishima
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Department Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi Gifu city, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Hisaka Kurita
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Department Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi Gifu city, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Isao Hozumi
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Department Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi Gifu city, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan.
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Takase N, Inden M, Hirai S, Yamada Y, Kurita H, Takeda M, Yamaguchi E, Itoh A, Hozumi I. The Novel gem-Dihydroperoxide 12AC3O Suppresses High Phosphate-Induced Calcification via Antioxidant Effects in p53LMAco1 Smooth Muscle Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4628. [PMID: 32610684 PMCID: PMC7369805 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The excessive intake of phosphate (Pi), or chronic kidney disease (CKD), can cause hyperphosphatemia and eventually lead to ectopic calcification, resulting in cerebrovascular diseases. It has been reported that reactive oxygen species (ROS), induced by high concentrations of Pi loading, play a key role in vascular calcification. Therefore, ROS suppression may be a useful treatment strategy for vascular calcification. 12AC3O is a newly synthesized gem-dihydroperoxide (DHP) that has potent antioxidant effects. In the present study, we investigated whether 12AC3O inhibited vascular calcification via its antioxidative capacity. To examine whether 12AC3O prevents vascular calcification under high Pi conditions, we performed Alizarin red and von Kossa staining, using the mouse aortic smooth muscle cell line p53LMAco1. Additionally, the effect of 12AC3O against oxidative stress, induced by high concentrations of Pi loading, was investigated using redox- sensitive dyes. Further, the direct trapping effect of 12AC3O on reactive oxygen species (ROS) was investigated by ESR analysis. Although high concentrations of Pi loading exacerbated vascular smooth muscle calcification, calcium deposition was suppressed by the treatment of both antioxidants and 12AC3O, suggesting that the suppression of ROS may be a candidate therapeutic approach for treating vascular calcification induced by high concentrations of Pi loading. Importantly, 12AC3O also attenuated oxidative stress. Furthermore, 12AC3O directly trapped superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical. These results suggest that ROS are closely involved in high concentrations of Pi-induced vascular calcification and that 12AC3O inhibits vascular calcification by directly trapping ROS.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antioxidants/pharmacology
- Calcification, Physiologic/drug effects
- Cell Line
- Cells, Cultured
- Mice
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects
- Oxidative Stress/drug effects
- Peroxides/pharmacology
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Vascular Calcification/drug therapy
- Vascular Calcification/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Takase
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, 1-1-1 Gifu 501-1196, Japan; (N.T.); (M.I.); (S.H.); (Y.Y.); (H.K.)
| | - Masatoshi Inden
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, 1-1-1 Gifu 501-1196, Japan; (N.T.); (M.I.); (S.H.); (Y.Y.); (H.K.)
| | - Shunsuke Hirai
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, 1-1-1 Gifu 501-1196, Japan; (N.T.); (M.I.); (S.H.); (Y.Y.); (H.K.)
| | - Yumeka Yamada
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, 1-1-1 Gifu 501-1196, Japan; (N.T.); (M.I.); (S.H.); (Y.Y.); (H.K.)
| | - Hisaka Kurita
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, 1-1-1 Gifu 501-1196, Japan; (N.T.); (M.I.); (S.H.); (Y.Y.); (H.K.)
| | - Mitsumi Takeda
- Laboratory of Pharmaceuticals Synthetic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, 1-1-1 Gifu 501-1196, Japan; (M.T.); (E.Y.); (A.I.)
| | - Eiji Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Pharmaceuticals Synthetic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, 1-1-1 Gifu 501-1196, Japan; (M.T.); (E.Y.); (A.I.)
| | - Akichika Itoh
- Laboratory of Pharmaceuticals Synthetic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, 1-1-1 Gifu 501-1196, Japan; (M.T.); (E.Y.); (A.I.)
| | - Isao Hozumi
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, 1-1-1 Gifu 501-1196, Japan; (N.T.); (M.I.); (S.H.); (Y.Y.); (H.K.)
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A prospective study of oral 5-aminolevulinic acid to prevent adverse events in patients with localized prostate cancer undergoing low-dose-rate brachytherapy: Protocol of the AMBER study. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2020; 19:100593. [PMID: 32637724 PMCID: PMC7327239 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2020.100593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Radiotherapy is one of the most frequently selected treatment options for patients with prostate cancer. However, adverse effects related to the irradiated surrounding normal organs are significant clinical concerns. Specifically, genitourinary and gastrointestinal toxicities can lead to a dramatically reduced quality of life. The aim of this clinical trial is to determine the efficacy of oral 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) phosphate with sodium ferrous citrate (SFC) in patients treated with low-dose-rate brachytherapy (LDR-BT) using an iodine-125 seed source. Methods The AMBER study is a prospective, single-center trial in patients with localized prostate cancer undergoing LDR-BT. Patients who undergo supplementary extra-beam radiotherapy are excluded, whereas those who undergo pre-implantation short-term (4–6 months) androgen deprivation therapy to decrease the prostate volume and/or improve oncological outcomes are included. After the screening and registration, the patients will be instructed to take capsules of ALA-SFC twice a day (200 mg and 229.42 mg per day) for 6 months from the day of seed implantation (prescribed radiation dose of 160 Gy). Patient data will be collected before the implantation; during oral ALA-SFC treatment; and 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 month(s) after seed implantation. The primary endpoint of this trial is the urinary frequency 3 months after seed implantation. At each visit, the 24-h urinary frequency, total voided volume, and mean voided volume on a frequency volume chart and other patient-reported outcomes are recorded. The data of the trial cases will be compared with those of historical controls, who are consecutive patients undergoing LDR-BT without supplementary extra-beam radiotherapy between January 2016 and January 2019. The number of subjects has been set to be 50 for trial cases and 150 for the historical control cases. Pre- and post-treatment clinicopathologic factors are compared between two groups. Discussion The goal of this trial is to determine the potential benefit of ALA-SFC in patients who undergo LDR-BT. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study investigating the potential clinical benefit of oral ALA-SFC after radiotherapy. More evidence from a further randomized controlled trial is needed to change the standard of care and lead to better post-radiotherapy management. Trial registration This clinical trial was prospectively registered with the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials on 5 December 2019. The reference number is jRCTs051190077, nara0013 (Certified Review Board of Nara Medical University).
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Key Words
- 5-Aminolevulinic acid
- ALA, 5-aminolevulinic acid
- Adverse event
- CTCAE, Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Events
- EBRT, extra-beam radiotherapy
- EPIC, Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite
- GI, gastrointestinal
- GU, genitourinary
- I-125, iodine-125
- IPSS, International Prostate Symptom Score
- J-POPS, Japanese nationwide prospective cohort study
- LDR-BT, low-dose-rate brachytherapy
- Low-dose-rate brachytherapy
- OABSS, overactive bladder symptom score
- PCa, prostate cancer
- PRO, patient reported outcome
- PSA, prostate-specific antigen
- Prostate cancer
- QOL, quality of life
- Radioprotection
- Radiotherapy
- SFC, sodium ferrous citrate
- SHIM, Sexual Health Inventory for Men
- Urinary frequency
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Functional evaluation of PDGFB-variants in idiopathic basal ganglia calcification, using patient-derived iPS cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5698. [PMID: 30952898 PMCID: PMC6450963 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42115-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Causative genes in patients with idiopathic basal ganglia calcification (IBGC) (also called primary familial brain calcification (PFBC)) have been reported in the past several years. In this study, we surveyed the clinical and neuroimaging data of 70 sporadic patients and 16 families (86 unrelated probands in total) in Japan, and studied variants of PDGFB gene in the patients. Variant analyses of PDGFB showed four novel pathogenic variants, namely, two splice site variants (c.160 + 2T > A and c.457−1G > T), one deletion variant (c.33_34delCT), and one insertion variant (c.342_343insG). Moreover, we developed iPS cells (iPSCs) from three patients with PDGFB variants (c.160 + 2T > A, c.457−1G > T, and c.33_34 delCT) and induced endothelial cells. Enzyme-linked immunoassay analysis showed that the levels of PDGF-BB, a homodimer of PDGF-B, in the blood sera of patients with PDGFB variants were significantly decreased to 34.0% of that of the control levels. Those in the culture media of the endothelial cells derived from iPSCs of patients also significantly decreased to 58.6% of the control levels. As the endothelial cells developed from iPSCs of the patients showed a phenotype of the disease, further studies using IBGC-specific iPSCs will give us more information on the pathophysiology and the therapy of IBGC in the future.
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Miyake M, Tanaka N, Hori S, Ohnishi S, Takahashi H, Fujii T, Owari T, Ohnishi K, Iida K, Morizawa Y, Gotoh D, Itami Y, Nakai Y, Inoue T, Anai S, Torimoto K, Aoki K, Fujimoto K. Dual benefit of supplementary oral 5-aminolevulinic acid to pelvic radiotherapy in a syngenic prostate cancer model. Prostate 2019; 79:340-351. [PMID: 30450646 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Normal tissue damage caused by radiotherapy remains the largest dose-limiting factor in radiotherapy for cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the supplementary oral 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) to standard radiation therapy as a novel radioprotective approach that would not compromise the antitumor effect of radiation in normal rectal and bladder mucosa in a syngenic prostate cancer (PCa) model. METHODS To evaluate the radiosensitizing effect of ALA in vitro, clonogenic survival assays were performed in DU145, PC3, and MyC-CaP cell lines. To evaluate the effect of ALA in vivo a single dose (25 Gy) of radiation with or without ALA was given to healthy mice. Next, a syngenic PCa model of MyC-CaP cells in FVB mice was created, and multiple doses (12 Gy total) of radiation were administered to the mouse pelvic area with or without ALA administration. Resected tumors, recta, and urinary bladders were immunostained with antibodies against Ki-67, γ-H2AX, CD204, and uroplakin-III. Total RNA levels in recta and urinary bladders were analyzed via RT2 Profiler polymerase chain reaction (PCR) arrays related to "Stress & Toxicity PathwayFinder," "Mitochondria," and "Inflammasomes." RESULTS The addition of in vitro single or in vivo repeated administration of exogenous ALA acted as a radiosensitizer for PCa cells. Rectal toxicity was characterized by histological changes including loss of surface epithelium, fibrosis, severe DNA damage, and the aggregation of M2 macrophages. Urinary bladder toxicity was characterized by bladder wall thickening and urothelium denuding. The higher dose (300 mg/kg/day) of ALA exerted a better radioprotective profile than the lower dose (30 mg/kg/day) in normal recta and urinary bladders. Out of the 252 genes tested, 35 (13.4%) were detected as relevant genes which may be involved in the radioprotective role of ALA administration. These included interleukin-1a (IL-1a), IL-1b, IL-12, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1), CXCL3, and NLRP3. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides novel and comprehensive insights into the dual benefits including radiosensitizing PCa tumor tissues and radioprotection of normal pelvic organs from radiation therapy. Knowledge of the underlying mechanism will facilitate the search for optimal treatment parameters for supplemental oral ALA during radiotherapy for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makito Miyake
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Nobumichi Tanaka
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Shunta Hori
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Sayuri Ohnishi
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Hiroo Takahashi
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural System, Advanced Medical Research Center, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Tomomi Fujii
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Takuya Owari
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Kenta Ohnishi
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Kota Iida
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Yosuke Morizawa
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Daisuke Gotoh
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Itami
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Yasushi Nakai
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inoue
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Satoshi Anai
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Torimoto
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Katsuya Aoki
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Kiyohide Fujimoto
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
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SLC20A2 variants cause dysfunctional phosphate transport activity in endothelial cells induced from Idiopathic Basal Ganglia Calcification patients-derived iPSCs. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 510:303-308. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.01.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Kong D, Tian X, Li Y, Zhang S, Cheng Y, Huo L, Ma H, Yang Z, Ren L, Zhang M, Zhang W. Revealing the Inhibitory Effect of Ginseng on Mitochondrial Respiration through Synaptosomal Proteomics. Proteomics 2018; 18:e1700354. [PMID: 29687596 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201700354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ginseng, the active ingredients of which are ginsenosides, is the most popular herbal medicine and has potential merit in the treatment of cerebral disorders. To better understand the function of Ginseng in the cerebral system, we examined changes in the protein expression profiles of synaptosomes extracted from the cerebral cortical and hippocampal tissues of rats administered a high or low dose of Ginseng for 2 weeks. More than 5000 proteins belonging to synaptosomes were simultaneously identified and quantitated by an approach combining tandem mass tags with 2D liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Regarding differentially expressed proteins, downregulated proteins were much more highly induced than upregulators in the cerebral cortical and hippocampal synaptosomes, regardless of the dose of Ginseng. Bioinformatic analysis indicated the majority of the altered proteins to be located in the mitochondria, directly or indirectly affecting mitochondrial oxidative respiration. Further functional experiments using the substrate-uncoupler inhibitor titration approach confirmed that three representative ginsenosides were able to inhibit oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. Our results demonstrate that Ginseng can regulate the function of mitochondria and alter the energy metabolism of cells, which may be useful for the treatment of central nervous disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhi Kong
- Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolin Tian
- Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, P. R. China
| | - Yunshan Li
- Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, P. R. China
| | - Saihang Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, P. R. China
| | - Yiru Cheng
- Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, P. R. China
| | - Lifang Huo
- Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, P. R. China
| | - Huanhuan Ma
- Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, P. R. China
| | - Zuxiao Yang
- Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, P. R. China
| | - Leiming Ren
- Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, P. R. China
| | - Mingquan Zhang
- Department of Basic Theory of Chinese Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050017, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, P. R. China
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Hozumi I, Kurita H, Ozawa K, Furuta N, Inden M, Sekine SI, Yamada M, Hayashi Y, Kimura A, Inuzuka T, Seishima M. Inorganic phosphorus (Pi) in CSF is a biomarker for SLC20A2-associated idiopathic basal ganglia calcification (IBGC1). J Neurol Sci 2018; 388:150-154. [PMID: 29627011 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Idiopathic basal ganglia calcification (IBGC), also called Fahr's disease or recently primary familial brain calcification (PFBC), is characterized by abnormal deposits of minerals including calcium mainly and phosphate in the brain. Mutations in SLC20A2 (IBGC1 (merged with former IBGC2 and IBGC3)), which encodes PiT-2, a phosphate transporter, is the major cause of IBGC. Recently, Slc20a2-KO mice have been showed to have elevated levels of inorganic phosphorus (Pi) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF); however, CSF Pi levels in patients with IBGC have not been fully examined. METHODS We investigated the cases of 29 patients with IBGC including six patients with SLC20A2 mutation and three patients with PDGFB mutation, and 13 controls. The levels of sodium (Na), potassium (K), chloride (Cl), calcium (Ca), and Pi in sera and CSF were determined by potentiometry and colorimetry. Moreover, clinical manifestations were investigated in the IBGC patients with high Pi levels in CSF. RESULTS The study revealed that the average level of Pi in the CSF of the total group of patients with IBGC is significantly higher than that of the control group, and the levels of Pi in CSF of the IBGC patients with SLC20A2 mutations are significantly higher than those of the IBGC patients with PDGFB mutations, the other IBGC patients and controls. CONCLUSION Results of this study suggest that the levels of CSF Pi will be a good biomarker for IBGC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isao Hozumi
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan.
| | - Hisaka Kurita
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ozawa
- Nursing Collaboration Center, Gifu College Nursing, 3047-1, Hashima, Gifu 501-6295, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Furuta
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Gifu University, Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Inden
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Sekine
- Laboratory of Medical Therapeutics and Molecular Therapeutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Megumi Yamada
- Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Gifu University, Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Yuichi Hayashi
- Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Gifu University, Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Akio Kimura
- Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Gifu University, Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Takashi Inuzuka
- Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Gifu University, Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Seishima
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Gifu University, Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
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