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Ribosomal protein L22-like1 (RPL22L1) mediates sorafenib sensitivity via ERK in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:365. [PMID: 35973992 PMCID: PMC9381560 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01153-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Precision medicine in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) relies on validated biomarkers that help subgroup patients for targeted treatment. Here, we identified a novel candidate oncogene, ribosomal protein L22-like1 (RPL22L1), which was markedly elevated in HCC, contributed to HCC malignancy and adverse patient survival. Functional studies indicated RPL22L1 overexpression accelerated cell proliferation, migration, invasion and sorafenib resistance. Mechanism studies revealed that RPL22L1 activated ERK to induce atypical epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) progress. Importantly, the ERK inhibitor (ERKi) could potentiate sorafenib efficiency in RPL22L1-high HCC cells. In summary, these data uncover RPL22L1 is a potential marker to guide precision therapy for utilizing ERKi to enhance the sorafenib efficacy in RPL22L1-high HCC patients.
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Wang D, Liu Z, Yan Z, Liang X, Liu X, Liu Y, Wang P, Bai C, Gu Y, Zhou PK. MiRNA-155-5p inhibits epithelium-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by targeting GSK-3β during radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 697:108699. [PMID: 33259794 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF) is a major lung complication in using radiotherapy to treat thoracic diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are reported to be the therapeutic targets for many diseases. However, the miRNAs involved in the pathogenesis of RIPF are rarely studied as potential therapeutic targets. Alveolar epithelial cells participate in RIPF formation by undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Here we demonstrated the critical role of miR-155-5p in radiation-induced EMT and RIPF. Using the previously established EMT cell model, we found that miR-155-5p was significantly down-regulated through high-throughput sequencing. Irradiation could decrease the expression of miR-155-5p in intro and in vivo, and it was inversely correlated to RIPF formation. Ectopic miR-155-5p expression inhibited radiation-induced-EMT in vitro and in vivo. Knockdown of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), the functional target of miR-155-5p, reversed the induction of EMT and enhanced the phosphorylation of p65, a subunit of NF-κB, which were mediated by the down-regulation of miR-155-5p. Moreover, our finding demonstrated that ectopic miR-155-5p expression alleviated RIPF in mice by the GSK-3β/NF-κB pathway. Thus, radiation downregulates miR-155-5p in alveolar epithelial cells that induces EMT, which contributes to RIPF using GSK-3β/NF-κB pathway. Our observation provides further understanding on the regulation of RIPF and identifies potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, PR China
| | - Zheng Liu
- School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, 421001, PR China
| | - Ziyan Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, PR China
| | - Xinxin Liang
- School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, 421001, PR China
| | - Xiaochang Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, PR China; School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, 421001, PR China
| | - Yuhao Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, PR China
| | - Ping Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, PR China
| | - Chenjun Bai
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, PR China
| | - Yongqing Gu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, PR China; School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, 421001, PR China.
| | - Ping-Kun Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, PR China.
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Jolly MK, Somarelli JA, Sheth M, Biddle A, Tripathi SC, Armstrong AJ, Hanash SM, Bapat SA, Rangarajan A, Levine H. Hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal phenotypes promote metastasis and therapy resistance across carcinomas. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 194:161-184. [PMID: 30268772 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis and therapy resistance are the major unsolved clinical challenges, and account for nearly all cancer-related deaths. Both metastasis and therapy resistance are fueled by epithelial plasticity, the reversible phenotypic transitions between epithelial and mesenchymal phenotypes, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET). EMT and MET have been largely considered as binary processes, where cells detach from the primary tumor as individual units with many, if not all, traits of a mesenchymal cell (EMT) and then convert back to being epithelial (MET). However, recent studies have demonstrated that cells can metastasize in ways alternative to traditional EMT paradigm; for example, they can detach as clusters, and/or occupy one or more stable hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal (E/M) phenotypes that can be the end point of a transition. Such hybrid E/M cells can integrate various epithelial and mesenchymal traits and markers, facilitating collective cell migration. Furthermore, these hybrid E/M cells may possess higher tumor-initiation and metastatic potential as compared to cells on either end of the EMT spectrum. Here, we review in silico, in vitro, in vivo and clinical evidence for the existence of one or more hybrid E/M phenotype(s) in multiple carcinomas, and discuss their implications in tumor-initiation, tumor relapse, therapy resistance, and metastasis. Together, these studies drive the emerging notion that cells in a hybrid E/M phenotype may occupy 'metastatic sweet spot' in multiple subtypes of carcinomas, and pathways linked to this (these) hybrid E/M state(s) may be relevant as prognostic biomarkers as well as a promising therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Kumar Jolly
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Jason A Somarelli
- Duke Cancer Institute and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, USA
| | - Maya Sheth
- Duke Cancer Institute and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, USA
| | - Adrian Biddle
- Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Satyendra C Tripathi
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - Andrew J Armstrong
- Duke Cancer Institute and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, USA
| | - Samir M Hanash
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - Sharmila A Bapat
- National Center for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune, India
| | - Annapoorni Rangarajan
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development & Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Herbert Levine
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
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