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Luo W, Xie Z, Zhang S, Guénolé J, Sun PL, Meingast A, Alhassan A, Zhou X, Stein F, Pizzagalli L, Berkels B, Scheu C, Korte-Kerzel S. Tailoring the Plasticity of Topologically Close-Packed Phases via the Crystals' Fundamental Building Blocks. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2300586. [PMID: 36930795 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Brittle topologically close-packed precipitates form in many advanced alloys. Due to their complex structures, little is known about their plasticity. Here, a strategy is presented to understand and tailor the deformability of these complex phases by considering the Nb-Co µ-phase as an archetypal material. The plasticity of the Nb-Co µ-phase is controlled by the Laves phase building block that forms parts of its unit cell. It is found that between the bulk C15-NbCo2 Laves and Nb-Co µ-phases, the interplanar spacing and local stiffness of the Laves phase building block change, leading to a strong reduction in hardness and stiffness, as well as a transition from synchroshear to crystallographic slip. Furthermore, as the composition changes from Nb6 Co7 to Nb7 Co6 , the Co atoms in the triple layer are substituted such that the triple layer of the Laves phase building block becomes a slab of pure Nb, resulting in inhomogeneous changes in elasticity and a transition from crystallographic slip to a glide-and-shuffle mechanism. These findings open opportunities to purposefully tailor the plasticity of these topologically close-packed phases in the bulk by manipulating the interplanar spacing and local shear modulus of the fundamental crystal building blocks at the atomic scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Luo
- Institute for Physical Metallurgy and Materials Physics, RWTH Aachen University, Kopernikusstraße 14, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Zhuocheng Xie
- Institute for Physical Metallurgy and Materials Physics, RWTH Aachen University, Kopernikusstraße 14, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Siyuan Zhang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 40237, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julien Guénolé
- CNRS, Arts et Métiers ParisTech, Université de Lorraine, LEM3, Metz, 57070, France
- Labex Damas, Université de Lorraine, Metz, 57070, France
| | - Pei-Ling Sun
- Institute for Physical Metallurgy and Materials Physics, RWTH Aachen University, Kopernikusstraße 14, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Arno Meingast
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, De Schakel 2, Eindhoven, 5651 GH, The Netherlands
| | - Amel Alhassan
- Institute for Advanced Study in Computational Engineering Science, RWTH Aachen University, Schinkelstr. 2, 52062, Aachen, Germany
| | - Xuyang Zhou
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 40237, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Frank Stein
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 40237, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Laurent Pizzagalli
- Institut Pprime, CNRS UPR 3346, Université de Poitiers, SP2MI, Boulevard Marie et Pierre Curie, TSA 41123, Poitiers Cedex 9, Poitiers, 86073, France
| | - Benjamin Berkels
- Institute for Advanced Study in Computational Engineering Science, RWTH Aachen University, Schinkelstr. 2, 52062, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christina Scheu
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 40237, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sandra Korte-Kerzel
- Institute for Physical Metallurgy and Materials Physics, RWTH Aachen University, Kopernikusstraße 14, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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Gibson JSKL, Pei R, Heller M, Medghalchi S, Luo W, Korte-Kerzel S. Finding and Characterising Active Slip Systems: A Short Review and Tutorial with Automation Tools. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14020407. [PMID: 33467559 PMCID: PMC7830911 DOI: 10.3390/ma14020407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The behaviour of many materials is strongly influenced by the mechanical properties of hard phases, present either from deliberate introduction for reinforcement or as deleterious precipitates. While it is, therefore, self-evident that these phases should be studied, the ability to do so-particularly their plasticity-is hindered by their small sizes and lack of bulk ductility at room temperature. Many researchers have, therefore, turned to small-scale testing in order to suppress brittle fracture and study the deformation mechanisms of complex crystal structures. To characterise the plasticity of a hard and potentially anisotropic crystal, several steps and different nanomechanical testing techniques are involved, in particular nanoindentation and microcompression. The mechanical data can only be interpreted based on imaging and orientation measurements by electron microscopy. Here, we provide a tutorial to guide the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data on plasticity in hard crystals. We provide code collated in our group to help new researchers to analyse their data efficiently from the start. As part of the tutorial, we show how the slip systems and deformation mechanisms in intermetallics such as the Fe7Mo6 μ-phase are discovered, where the large and complex crystal structure precludes determining a priori even the slip planes in these phases. By comparison with other works in the literature, we also aim to identify "best practises" for researchers throughout to aid in the application of the methods to other materials systems.
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