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Rumšaitė G, Gedvilaitė G, Balnytė R, Kriaučiūnienė L, Liutkevičienė R. The Influence of TEP1 and TERC Genetic Variants on the Susceptibility to Multiple Sclerosis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5863. [PMID: 37762804 PMCID: PMC10531829 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12185863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. According to recent studies, cellular senescence caused by telomere shortening may contribute to the development of MS. AIM OF THE STUDY Our aim was to determine the associations of TEP1 rs1760904, rs1713418, TERC rs12696304, rs35073794 gene polymorphisms with the occurrence of MS. METHODS The study included 200 patients with MS and 230 healthy controls. Genotyping of TEP1 rs1760904, rs1713418 and TERC rs12696304, rs35073794 was performed using RT-PCR. The obtained data were analysed using the program "IBM SPSS Statistics 29.0". Haplotype analysis was performed using the online program "SNPStats". RESULTS The TERC rs12696304 G allele of this SNP is associated with 1.4-fold lower odds of developing MS (p = 0.035). TERC rs35073794 is associated with approximately 2.4-fold reduced odds of MS occurrence in the codominant, dominant, overdominant, and additive models (p < 0.001; p < 0.001; p < 0.001; p < 0.001, respectively). Haplotype analysis shows that the rs1760904-G-rs1713418-A haplotype is statistically significantly associated with 1.75-fold increased odds of developing MS (p = 0.006). The rs12696304-C-rs35073794-A haplotype is statistically significantly associated with twofold decreased odds of developing MS (p = 0.008). In addition, the rs12696304-G-rs35073794-A haplotype was found to be statistically significantly associated with 5.3-fold decreased odds of developing MS (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The current evidence may suggest a protective role of TERC SNP in the occurrence of MS, while TEP1 has the opposite effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gintarė Rumšaitė
- Medical Faculty, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Greta Gedvilaitė
- Medical Faculty, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Neurosciences Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (L.K.); (R.L.)
| | - Renata Balnytė
- Department of Neurology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Loresa Kriaučiūnienė
- Neurosciences Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (L.K.); (R.L.)
| | - Rasa Liutkevičienė
- Neurosciences Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (L.K.); (R.L.)
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Luttenbacher I, Phillips A, Kazemi R, Hadipour AL, Sanghvi I, Martinez J, Adamson MM. Transdiagnostic role of glutamate and white matter damage in neuropsychiatric disorders: A Systematic Review. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 147:324-348. [PMID: 35151030 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric disorders including generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD), and schizophrenia (SZ) have been considered distinct categories of diseases despite their overlapping characteristics and symptomatology. We aimed to provide an in-depth review elucidating the role of glutamate/Glx and white matter (WM) abnormalities in these disorders from a transdiagnostic perspective. The PubMed online database was searched for studies published between 2010 and 2021. After careful screening, 401 studies were included. The findings point to decreased levels of glutamate in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex in both SZ and BD, whereas Glx is elevated in the Hippocampus in SZ and MDD. With regard to WM abnormalities, the Corpus Callosum and superior Longitudinal Fascicle were the most consistently identified brain regions showing decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) across all the reviewed disorders, except GAD. Additionally, the Uncinate Fasciculus displayed decreased FA in all disorders, except OCD. Decreased FA was also found in the inferior Longitudinal Fasciculus, inferior Fronto-Occipital Fasciculus, Thalamic Radiation, and Corona Radiata in SZ, BD, and MDD. Decreased FA in the Fornix and Corticospinal Tract were found in BD and SZ patients. The Cingulum and Anterior Limb of Internal Capsule exhibited decreased FA in MDD and SZ patients. The results suggest a gradual increase in severity from GAD to SZ defined by the number of brain regions with WM abnormality which may be partially caused by abnormal glutamate levels. WM damage could thus be considered a potential marker of some of the main neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Luttenbacher
- Department of Social & Behavioral Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Rehabilitation Service, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Angela Phillips
- Rehabilitation Service, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Reza Kazemi
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abed L Hadipour
- Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Isha Sanghvi
- Rehabilitation Service, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Julian Martinez
- Rehabilitation Service, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Maheen M Adamson
- Rehabilitation Service, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Faria AV, Zhao Y, Ye C, Hsu J, Yang K, Cifuentes E, Wang L, Mori S, Miller M, Caffo B, Sawa A. Multimodal MRI assessment for first episode psychosis: A major change in the thalamus and an efficient stratification of a subgroup. Hum Brain Mapp 2020; 42:1034-1053. [PMID: 33377594 PMCID: PMC7856640 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multi‐institutional brain imaging studies have emerged to resolve conflicting results among individual studies. However, adjusting multiple variables at the technical and cohort levels is challenging. Therefore, it is important to explore approaches that provide meaningful results from relatively small samples at institutional levels. We studied 87 first episode psychosis (FEP) patients and 62 healthy subjects by combining supervised integrated factor analysis (SIFA) with a novel pipeline for automated structure‐based analysis, an efficient and comprehensive method for dimensional data reduction that our group recently established. We integrated multiple MRI features (volume, DTI indices, resting state fMRI—rsfMRI) in the whole brain of each participant in an unbiased manner. The automated structure‐based analysis showed widespread DTI abnormalities in FEP and rs‐fMRI differences between FEP and healthy subjects mostly centered in thalamus. The combination of multiple modalities with SIFA was more efficient than the use of single modalities to stratify a subgroup of FEP (individuals with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder) that had more robust deficits from the overall FEP group. The information from multiple MRI modalities and analytical methods highlighted the thalamus as significantly abnormal in FEP. This study serves as a proof‐of‐concept for the potential of this methodology to reveal disease underpins and to stratify populations into more homogeneous sub‐groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia V Faria
- Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Chenfei Ye
- Department of Electronics and Information, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Graduate School, Guangdong, China
| | - Johnny Hsu
- Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kun Yang
- Department Psychiatry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Elizabeth Cifuentes
- Department Psychiatry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Radiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Susumu Mori
- Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael Miller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Brian Caffo
- Department of Biostatistics, The Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Akira Sawa
- Department Psychiatry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Mental Health, The Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Shimamoto-Mitsuyama C, Nakaya A, Esaki K, Balan S, Iwayama Y, Ohnishi T, Maekawa M, Toyota T, Dean B, Yoshikawa T. Lipid Pathology of the Corpus Callosum in Schizophrenia and the Potential Role of Abnormal Gene Regulatory Networks with Reduced Microglial Marker Expression. Cereb Cortex 2020; 31:448-462. [PMID: 32924060 PMCID: PMC7727339 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural changes in the corpus callosum have been reported in schizophrenia; however, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. As the corpus callosum is high in lipid content, we analyzed the lipid contents of the corpora callosa from 15 patients with schizophrenia and 15 age- and sex-matched controls using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry and identified lipid combinations associated with schizophrenia. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses using extended samples (schizophrenia, n = 95; control, n = 91) showed low expression levels of lipid metabolism-related genes and their potential upstream transcription factors in schizophrenia. Subsequent pathway analysis identified a gene regulatory network where nuclear factor of activated T cells 2 (NFATC2) is placed most upstream. We also observed low gene expression levels of microglial markers, inflammatory cytokines, and colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R), which is known to regulate the density of microglia, in the corpus callosum in schizophrenia. The interactions between CSF1R and several genes in the presently identified gene network originating from NFATC2 have been reported. Collectively, this study provides evidence regarding lipid abnormalities in the corpora callosa of patients with schizophrenia and proposes the potential role of impaired “NFATC2-relevant gene network-microglial axis” as its underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Akihiro Nakaya
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan.,Laboratory of Genome Data Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kayoko Esaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shabeesh Balan
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Iwayama
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan.,Support Unit for Bio-Material Analysis, Research Resources Division, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ohnishi
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Motoko Maekawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tomoko Toyota
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Brian Dean
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Howard Florey Laboratories, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,The Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
| | - Takeo Yoshikawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
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Widespread white-matter microstructure integrity reduction in first-episode schizophrenia patients after acute antipsychotic treatment. Schizophr Res 2019; 204:238-244. [PMID: 30177343 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2018.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Potential effects of initiating acute antipsychotic treatment on white matter (WM) microstructure in schizophrenia patients remain poorly characterized. Thirty-five drug-naïve first-episode schizophrenia patients were scanned before and after six weeks of treatment with second-generation antipsychotic medications. Nineteen demographically matched healthy subjects were scanned twice over the same time interval. Tract-based spatial statistics was used to test for changes in WM microstructural integrity after treatment. Widespread fractional anisotropy (FA) decrease was found in patients after antipsychotic treatment in bilateral posterior corona radiata, anterior corona radiata, superior corona radiata and posterior thalamic radiation, left posterior limb of the internal capsule, and mid-body of the corpus callosum. These effects appeared to result primarily from decreased axial diffusivity. These findings suggest an effect on brain white matter from acute antipsychotic therapy in schizophrenia.
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Rhoades R, Jackson F, Teng S. Discovery of rare variants implicated in schizophrenia using next-generation sequencing. JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL GENETICS AND GENOMICS 2019; 3:1-20. [PMID: 33981965 PMCID: PMC8112455 DOI: 10.20517/jtgg.2018.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a highly heritable psychiatric disorder that affects 1% of the population. Genome-wide association studies have identified common variants in candidate genes associated with schizophrenia, but the genetics mechanisms of this disorder have not yet been elucidated. The discovery of rare genetic variants that contribute to schizophrenia symptoms promises to help explain the missing heritability of the disease. Next generation sequencing techniques are revolutionizing the field of psychiatric genetics. Various statistical approaches have been developed for rare variant association testing in case-control and family studies. Targeted resequencing, whole exome sequencing and whole genome sequencing combined with these computational tools are used for the discovery of rare genetic variations in schizophrenia. The findings provide useful information for characterizing the rare mutations and elucidating the genetic mechanisms by which the variants cause schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raina Rhoades
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA
| | - Fatimah Jackson
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA
| | - Shaolei Teng
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA
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