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Lv X, Cheng WH, Li XX, Shang H, Zhang JY, Hong HY, Zheng YJ, Dong YQ, Gong JH, Zheng YB, Zou ZM. Dual inhibition of topoisomerase II and microtubule of podophyllotoxin derivative 5p overcomes cancer multidrug resistance. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 983:176968. [PMID: 39233039 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Compound 5p is a 4β-N-substituted podophyllotoxin derivative, which exhibited potent activity toward drug-resistant K562/A02 cells and decreased MDR-1 mRNA expression. Here, we further investigated its detail mechanism and tested its antitumor activity. 5p exerted catalytic inhibition of topoisomerase IIα, and didn't show the inhibitor of topoisomerase I. 5p exhibited the inhibitory effect on microtubule polymerization. 5p showed potent anti-proliferation against breast cancer, oral squamous carcinoma, and their drug-resistant cell lines, with resistance index of 0.61 and 0.86, respectively. 5p downregulated the expression levels of P-gp in KBV200 cells and BCRP in MCF7/ADR cells in dose-dependent manner. Moreover, 5p induced KB and KBV200 cells arrest at G2/M phase by up-regulating the expression of γ-H2AX, p-Histone H3 and cyclin B1. 5p induced apoptosis and pyroptosis by increased the expression levels of cleaved-PARP, cleaved-caspase3, N-GSDME as well as LDH release in KB and KBV200 cells. In addition, 5p efficiently impaired tumor growth in KB and KBV200 xenograft mice. Conclusively, this work elucidated the dual inhibitor of topoisomerase II and microtubule of 5p and its mechanism of overcoming the multidrug resistance, indicating that 5p exerts the antitumor potentiality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Lv
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tiantan Xili, 100050, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Hua Cheng
- HTA Co., Ltd., CAEA Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Engineering and Industrialization of Radiopharmaceuticals, CNNC Engineering Research Center of Radiopharmaceuticals, 102413, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Xue Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Basis and New Drug Development of Natural and Nuclear Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Hai Shang
- The State Key Laboratory of Basis and New Drug Development of Natural and Nuclear Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Jun-Yi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tiantan Xili, 100050, Beijing, China
| | - Han-Yu Hong
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tiantan Xili, 100050, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Jia Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tiantan Xili, 100050, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Qun Dong
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tiantan Xili, 100050, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Hua Gong
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tiantan Xili, 100050, Beijing, China.
| | - Yan-Bo Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tiantan Xili, 100050, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhong-Mei Zou
- The State Key Laboratory of Basis and New Drug Development of Natural and Nuclear Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100193, Beijing, China.
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Hao M, Xu H. Chemistry and Biology of Podophyllotoxins: An Update. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302595. [PMID: 37814110 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Podophyllotoxin is an aryltetralin lignan lactone derived from different plants of Podophyllum. It consists of five rings with four chiral centers, one trans-lactone and one aryl tetrahydronaphthalene skeleton with multiple modification sites. Moreover, podophyllotoxin and its derivatives showed lots of bioactivities, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and insecticidal properties. The demand for podophyllotoxin and its derivatives is rising as a result of their high efficacy. As a continuation of our previous review (Chem. Eur. J., 2017, 23, 4467-4526), herein, total synthesis, biotransformation, structural modifications, bioactivities, and structure-activity relationships of podophyllotoxin and its derivatives from 2017 to 2022 are summarized. Meanwhile, a piece of update information on the origin of new podophyllotoxin analogues from plants from 2014 to 2022 was compiled. We hope that this review will provide a reference for future high value-added applications of podophyllotoxin and its analogues in the pharmaceutical and agricultural fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Hao
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xian Yang Shi, Yangling, 712100, P.R. China
| | - Hui Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xian Yang Shi, Yangling, 712100, P.R. China
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Yu HJ, Shin JA, Choi SJ, Cho SD. Podophyllotoxin reduces the aggressiveness of human oral squamous cell carcinoma through myeloid cell leukemia‑1. Int J Mol Med 2023; 52:103. [PMID: 37711052 PMCID: PMC10619536 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2023.5306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Podophyllotoxin (PPT), which is derived from the podophyllum plant, exhibits marked cytotoxic effects against cancer cells; however, the precise molecular mechanism underlying its activity against human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has not been elucidated. In the present study, the mechanism by which PPT induced cytotoxicity in two OSCC cell lines, HSC3 and HSC4, was determined. The effects of PPT on cytotoxicity in HSC3 and HSC4 cells were analyzed using Annexin V/PI double staining, Sub‑G1 analysis, soft agar assays, western blotting, and quantitative PCR. The changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential were assessed using a JC‑1 assay and cytosolic and mitochondrial fractionation. A myeloid cell leukemia‑1 (Mcl‑1) overexpression cell lines were also established to study the role of Mcl‑1 on apoptosis. The results showed that PPT inhibited the growth of the two human OSCC cell lines and induced apoptosis, which was accompanied by mitochondrial membrane depolarization. Compared with the control, PPT reduced the expression of Mcl‑1 in both cell lines through a proteasome‑dependent protein degradation process. Overall, these results suggested that targeting of Mcl‑1 protein by PPT induced apoptosis, providing a foundation for further pre‑clinical and clinical study of its value in the management of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Ju Yu
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080,
Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Ae Shin
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080,
Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jung Choi
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080,
Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Dae Cho
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080,
Republic of Korea
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Nguyen GT, Nguyen HTH, Tran HT, Tran HT, Ho AN, Tran QH, Pham NB. Enhanced podophyllotoxin production of endophyte Fusarium proliferatum TQN5T by host extract and phenylalanine. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s00253-023-12659-1. [PMID: 37436482 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12659-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Fermentation technology using endophytes is considered a potential alternative approach for producing pharmaceutical compounds like podophyllotoxin (PTOX). In this study, fungus TQN5T (VCCM 44284) was selected from endophytic fungi isolated from Dysosma versipellis in Vietnam for PTOX production through TLC. The presence of PTOX in TQN5T was further confirmed by HPLC. Molecular identification indicated TQN5T as Fusarium proliferatum with 99.43% identity. This result was asserted by morphological characteristics such as white cottony, filamentous colony, layer and branched mycelium, and clear hyphae septa. Cytotoxic assay indicated both biomass extract and culture filtrate of TQN5T presented strong cytotoxicity on LU-1 and HepG2 with IC50 of 0.11, 0.20, 0.041, and 0071, respectively, implying anti-cancer compounds were accumulated in the mycelium and secreted into the medium. Further, the production of PTOX in TQN5T was investigated in the fermentation condition supplemented with 10 µg/ml of host plant extract or phenylalanine as elicitors. The results revealed a significantly higher amount of PTOX in the PDB + PE and PDB + PA at all studied time points in comparison with PDB (control). Especially, after 168 h of culture, PTOX content in the PDB with plant extract reached the peak with 314 µg/g DW which is 10% higher than the best yield of PTOX in previous studies, denoting F. proliferatum TQN5T as a promising PTOX producer. This is the first study on enhancing the PTOX production in endophytic fungi by supplementing phenylalanine-a precursor for PTOX biosynthesis in plants into fermented media, suggesting a common PTOX biosynthetic pathway between host plant and endophytes. KEY POINTS: • Fusarium proliferatum TQN5T was proven for PTOX production. • Both mycelia extract and spent broth extract of Fusarium proliferatum TQN5T presented strong cytotoxicity on cancer cell lines LU-1 and HepG2. • The supplementation of 10 µg/ml host plant extract and phenylalanine into fermentation media of F. proliferatum TQN5T improved the yield of PTOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giang Thu Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ha Thi Hong Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hoa Thi Tran
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Huyen Thi Tran
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Anh Ngoc Ho
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Quang Ho Tran
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc Bich Pham
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam.
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam.
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Astragalus Polysaccharide Promotes Doxorubicin-Induced Apoptosis by Reducing O-GlcNAcylation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060866. [PMID: 36980207 PMCID: PMC10047337 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The toxicity and side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs remain a crucial obstacle to the clinical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Identifying combination therapy from Chinese herbs to enhance the sensitivity of tumors to chemotherapeutic drugs is of particular interest. Astragalus polysaccharide (APS), one of the natural active components in Astragalus membranaceus, has been reported to exhibit anti-tumor properties in diverse cancer cell lines. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of APS on Doxorubicin (Dox)-induced apoptosis in HCC and the underlying mechanism. The results showed that APS dose-dependently promoted Dox-induced apoptosis and enhanced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Additionally, APS decreased the mRNA level and protein stability of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), and increased the O-GlcNAcase (OGA) expression. Furthermore, OGT lentiviral transfection or PugNAc (OGA inhibitor) treatment reversed the ER stress and apoptosis induced by the combination of Dox and APS. A xenograft tumor mouse model confirmed that the combination of APS and Dox showed an advantage in inhibiting tumor growth in vivo. These findings suggested that APS promoted Dox-induced apoptosis in HCC cells through reducing the O-GlcNAcylation, which led to the exacerbation of ER stress and activation of apoptotic pathways.
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Bai J, Huang M, Song B, Luo W, Ding R. The Current Status and Future Prospects for Conversion Therapy in the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2023; 22:15330338231159718. [PMID: 36855803 PMCID: PMC9983081 DOI: 10.1177/15330338231159718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. In China, most HCC patients are diagnosed with advanced disease and in these cases surgery is challenging. Conversion therapy can be used to change unresectable HCC into resectable disease and is a potential breakthrough treatment strategy. The resection rate for unresectable advanced HCC has recently improved as a growing number of patients have benefited from conversion therapy. While conversion therapy is at an early stage of development, progress in patient selection, optimum treatment methods, and the timing of surgery have the potential to deliver significant benefits. In this article, we review the current evidence and clinical experience of conversion therapy in HCC. General conversion modalities such as systemic treatments (systemic chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy), locoregional therapy (transarterial chemoembolization, hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy, or selective internal radiation therapy), and combination therapy were summarized. We also discuss the current challenges of conversion therapy and provide identify areas for future research to improve the development of conversion therapy in advanced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Bai
- 531840The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ming Huang
- 531840The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Bohan Song
- 531840The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Wei Luo
- 531840The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Rong Ding
- 531840The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Identification of Novel 4'- O-Demethyl-epipodophyllotoxin Derivatives as Antitumor Agents Targeting Topoisomerase II. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27155029. [PMID: 35956979 PMCID: PMC9370175 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27155029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
C4 variation of 4'-O-demethyl-epipodophyllotoxin (DMEP) is an effective approach to optimize the antitumor spectra of this compound class. Accordingly, two series of novel DMEP derivatives were synthesized, and as expected, the antitumor spectra of these derivatives varied with different C4 substituents. Notably, most compounds showed significant inhibition against the etoposide (2)-resistant KBvin cells. Four of the compounds (11, 18, 27 and 28) induced protein-linked DNA break (PLDB) levels higher than those of GL-331 (6) and 2, and are assumed to be topoisomerase II (topo II) poisons more potent than 6 and 2. Compound 28, a potent topo II poison highly effective against KBvin cells, was further evaluated with a panel of tumor cells and was most active against HepG2. This compound also exhibited apparent in vivo antitumor efficacy in hepatoma 22 (H22) mouse model. The results indicated that C4 derivation of DMEP is a feasible approach to identify potent topo II inhibitors with optimized antitumor profiles.
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Shen S, Tong Y, Luo Y, Huang L, Gao W. Biosynthesis, total synthesis, and pharmacological activities of aryltetralin-type lignan podophyllotoxin and its derivatives. Nat Prod Rep 2022; 39:1856-1875. [PMID: 35913409 DOI: 10.1039/d2np00028h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to 2022Podophyllotoxin (PTOX, 1), a kind of aryltetralin-type lignan, was first discovered in the plant Podophyllum peltatum and its structure was clarified by W. Borsche and J. Niemann in 1932. Due to its potent anti-cancer and anti-viral activities, it is considered one of the molecules most likely to be developed into modern drugs. With the increasing market demand and insufficient storage of natural resources, it is crucial to expand the sources of PTOXs. The original extraction method from plants has gradually failed to meet the requirements, and the biosynthesis and total synthesis have become the forward-looking alternatives. As key enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway of PTOXs and their catalytic mechanisms being constantly revealed, it is possible to realize the heterogeneous biosynthesis of PTOXs in the future. Chemical and chemoenzymatic synthesis also provide schemes for strictly controlling the asymmetric configuration of the tetracyclic core. Currently, the pharmacological activities of some PTOX derivatives have been extensively studied, laying the foundation for clinical candidate drugs. This review focuses primarily on the latest research progress in the biosynthesis, total synthesis, and pharmacological activities of PTOX and its derivatives, providing a more comprehensive understanding of these widely used compounds and supporting the future search for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Shen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China. .,Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Yuru Tong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yunfeng Luo
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Luqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Wei Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China. .,Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
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Fan HY, Zhu ZL, Xian HC, Wang HF, Chen BJ, Tang YJ, Tang YL, Liang XH. Insight Into the Molecular Mechanism of Podophyllotoxin Derivatives as Anticancer Drugs. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:709075. [PMID: 34447752 PMCID: PMC8383743 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.709075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Podophyllotoxin (PTOX) is a biologically active compound derived from the podophyllum plant, and both it and its derivatives possess excellent antitumor activity. The PTOX derivatives etoposide (VP-16) and teniposide (VM-26) have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for cancer treatment, but are far from perfect. Hence, numerous PTOX derivatives have been developed to address the major limitations of PTOX, such as systemic toxicity, drug resistance, and low bioavailability. Regarding their anticancer mechanism, extensive studies have revealed that PTOX derivatives can induce cell cycle G2/M arrest and DNA/RNA breaks by targeting tubulin and topoisomerase II, respectively. However, few studies are dedicated to exploring the interactions between PTOX derivatives and downstream cancer-related signaling pathways, which is reasonably important for gaining insight into the role of PTOX. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the role of PTOX derivatives in the biological behavior of tumors and potential molecular signaling pathways, aiming to help researchers design and develop better PTOX derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-yang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, China
| | - Zhuo-li Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, China
| | - Hong-chun Xian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, China
| | - Hao-fan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, China
| | - Bing-jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, China
| | - Ya-Jie Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ya-ling Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, China
| | - Xin-hua Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, China
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Xing J, Shi Q, Zhao J, Yu Z. Identifying drug candidates for hepatocellular carcinoma based on differentially expressed genes. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:2664-2674. [PMID: 32655798 PMCID: PMC7344051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The prognosis for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is extremely poor, mainly due to rapid progression and a paucity of effective drugs. Genome-wide analysis allows for potential drugs to be explored based on differentially expressed genes (DEGs). However, drug candidates and DEGs in HCC are largely unknown. In this study, we investigated DEGs and prognostication using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC), the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and immunohistochemical staining. Protein-protein interaction networks between DEGs were also analyzed to clarify 12 hub genes and query online databases for potential HCC therapeutic drugs. We found that 885 of 3219 DEGs from a TCGA dataset were associated with prognosis. We clarified 12 hub genes that were overexpressed in tumor samples and significantly associated with poor overall survival (OS) in HCC patients. These findings were validated using GEO and ICGC cohorts. Moreover, promising drug candidates targeted against HCC were predicted using online databases. Collectively, the upregulation of 12 hub genes was associated with poor prognosis for patients with HCC, and focusing on their expression may advance efforts towards targeted HCC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyuan Xing
- Gene Hospital of Henan Province, Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Qingmiao Shi
- Gene Hospital of Henan Province, Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Junjie Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Zujiang Yu
- Gene Hospital of Henan Province, Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
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Mu Z, Dong D, Wei N, Sun M, Wang W, Shao Y, Gao J, Yin P, Zhao C. Silencing of lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 Inhibits Cell Growth and Metastasis in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Oncol Res 2019; 27:653-661. [PMID: 30832752 PMCID: PMC7848283 DOI: 10.3727/096504018x15420748671075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The lncRNA AFAP1-AS1, oriented from an antisense direction to the protein-coding gene AFAP1 in the opposite strand, was upregulated in a variety of tumors and associated with poor prognosis, including lung cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and so on. However, the biological role of AFAP1-AS1 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is still unknown. We observed that AFAP1-AS1 expression was significantly upregulated in ccRCC tissues and that patients with high-level expression of AFAP1-AS1 had a shorter overall survival. Knockdown of AFAP1-AS1 markedly suppressed the progression of proliferation, invasion, migration, and EMT in ccRCC cells. Downregulation of AFAP1-AS1 resulted in an increase in E-cadherin and a decrease in vimentin. Noticeably, we found that PTEN has a negative correlation with the lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 expression. Further studies verified that PTEN deficiency effectively attenuated the ability of AFAP1-AS1 in promoting ccRCC cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and EMT. Moreover, the similar biological response of silencing AFAP1-AS1 was observed in our ccRCC mice model. Knockdown of AFAP1-AS1 evidently suppressed tumor growth. Taken together, our results provide the evidences that silencing of AFAP1-AS1 inhibits cell proliferation, EMT, and metastasis through PTEN-dependent signaling, and our findings elucidate a novel potential therapeutic target or biomarker for the treatment of ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyi Mu
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Dan Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Ning Wei
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mingli Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Yue Shao
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Jian Gao
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Ping Yin
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Chenghai Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
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12
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RNAm expression profile of cancer marker genes in HepG2 cells treated with different concentrations of a new indolin-3-one from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12781. [PMID: 30143666 PMCID: PMC6109079 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30893-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study tested the effects of a newly identified indolin-3-one compound (compound 1), produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, on HepG2 cells. The MTT assays demonstrated decreased metabolic activities in HepG2 cells treated with compound 1, with dose- and time-dependent intensifying effect, starting at a concentration of 40 µM. The IC50 after 24, 48, 72, and 96 h treatments were 41.35, 52.7, 92.79 and 66.65 μM of compound 1, respectively. Below 80 µM, no significative damage on erythrocytes membranes was observed by the hemolytic assays. The RT-qPCR revealed that the compound modulated key genes involved in carcinogenesis process, indicating possible indolin-3-one mechanisms of action. The data showed that gene expression alterations promoted by compound 1, in concentrations up to 60 μM after 48 h, led to a decrease in cellular progression and there was no direct cellular damage. In addition, non-cytotoxic concentrations of compound 1 halved the concentration of the chemotherapeutic doxorubicin, maintaining similar therapeutic effect against HepG2 cells. The novelty of the molecule and the biological activities observed in the present study emphasize the potential of the compound 1 in cancer therapy research.
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13
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Role of EGFL7/EGFR-signaling pathway in migration and invasion of growth hormone-producing pituitary adenomas. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2018; 61:893-901. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-018-9320-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Zhang F, Zhao J, Sun D, Wei N. MiR-155 inhibits transformation of macrophages into foam cells via regulating CEH expression. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 104:645-651. [PMID: 29803178 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
MiR-155 can inhibit the formation of atherosclerosis by interfering with the transformation of macrophages into foam cells that plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, but the precise mechanisms of miR-155 are still unknown. Herein, we observed that mRNA and protein expression levels of CEH were significantly upregulated in a dose- and time-dependent manner by transfected with miR-155 mimics in THP-1 macrophages. Further studies showed that overexpression of miR-155 can significantly inhibit foam cells formation, reduce intracellular CE accumulation and enhance the efflux of FC and cholesterol, result in a decrease of intracellular lipid accumulation; while this effect was significantly reversed by siCEH. Meanwhile, we found that Tim-3 is associated with miR-155-mediated CEH expression in THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells. Overexpression of Tim-3 can attenuate miR-155-mediated CEH induction. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that miR-155 can inhibit the transformation of macrophages into foam cells by enhancing CEH signaling pathway in macrophages, this effect is likely to be achieved by inhibiting the expression of Tim-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxiang Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of JINZHOU Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, China
| | - Jinsong Zhao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of JINZHOU Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, China
| | - Dapeng Sun
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of JINZHOU Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, China.
| | - Ning Wei
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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