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Bronchopulmonary dysplasia and wnt pathway-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms. Pediatr Res 2022; 92:888-898. [PMID: 34853430 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-021-01851-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
AIM Genetic variants contribute to the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). The aim of this study is to evaluate the association of 45 SNPs with BPD susceptibility in a Turkish premature infant cohort. METHODS Infants with gestational age <32 weeks were included. Patients were divided into BPD or no-BPD groups according to oxygen need at 28 days of life, and stratified according to the severity of BPD. We genotyped 45 SNPs, previously identified as BPD risk factors, in 192 infants. RESULTS A total of eight SNPs were associated with BPD risk at allele level, two of which (rs4883955 on KLF12 and rs9953270 on CHST9) were also associated at the genotype level. Functional relationship maps suggested an interaction between five of these genes, converging on WNT5A, a member of the WNT pathway known to be implicated in BPD pathogenesis. Dysfunctional CHST9 and KLF12 variants may contribute to BPD pathogenesis through an interaction with WNT5A. CONCLUSIONS We suggest investigating the role of SNPs on different genes which are in relation with the Wnt pathway in BPD pathogenesis. We identified eight SNPs as risk factors for BPD in this study. In-silico functional maps show an interaction of the genes harboring these SNPs with the WNT pathway, supporting its role in BPD pathogenesis. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03467828. IMPACT It is known that genetic factors may contribute to the development of BPD in preterm infants. Further studies are required to identify specific genes that play a role in the BPD pathway to evaluate them as a target for therapeutic interventions. Our study shows an association of BPD predisposition with certain polymorphisms on MBL2, NFKBIA, CEP170, MAGI2, and VEGFA genes at allele level and polymorphisms on CHST9 and KLF12 genes at both allele and genotype level. In-silico functional mapping shows a functional relationship of these five genes with WNT5A, suggesting that Wnt pathway disruption may play a role in BPD pathogenesis.
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Lu CH, Wei ST, Liu JJ, Chang YJ, Lin YF, Yu CS, Chang SLY. Recognition of a Novel Gene Signature for Human Glioblastoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084157. [PMID: 35456975 PMCID: PMC9029857 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most common malignant and incurable brain tumors. The identification of a gene signature for GBM may be helpful for its diagnosis, treatment, prediction of prognosis and even the development of treatments. In this study, we used the GSE108474 database to perform GSEA and machine learning analysis, and identified a 33-gene signature of GBM by examining astrocytoma or non-GBM glioma differential gene expression. The 33 identified signature genes included the overexpressed genes COL6A2, ABCC3, COL8A1, FAM20A, ADM, CTHRC1, PDPN, IBSP, MIR210HG, GPX8, MYL9 and PDLIM4, as well as the underexpressed genes CHST9, CSDC2, ENHO, FERMT1, IGFN1, LINC00836, MGAT4C, SHANK2 and VIPR2. Protein functional analysis by CELLO2GO implied that these signature genes might be involved in regulating various aspects of biological function, including anatomical structure development, cell proliferation and adhesion, signaling transduction and many of the genes were annotated in response to stress. Of these 33 signature genes, 23 have previously been reported to be functionally correlated with GBM; the roles of the remaining 10 genes in glioma development remain unknown. Our results were the first to reveal that GBM exhibited the overexpressed GPX8 gene and underexpressed signature genes including CHST9, CSDC2, ENHO, FERMT1, IGFN1, LINC00836, MGAT4C and SHANK2, which might play crucial roles in the tumorigenesis of different gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hao Lu
- The Ph.D. Program of Biotechnology and Biomedical Industry, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (J.-J.L.); (Y.-J.C.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Tai Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404332, Taiwan;
| | - Jia-Jun Liu
- The Ph.D. Program of Biotechnology and Biomedical Industry, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (J.-J.L.); (Y.-J.C.)
| | - Yu-Jen Chang
- The Ph.D. Program of Biotechnology and Biomedical Industry, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (J.-J.L.); (Y.-J.C.)
| | - Yu-Feng Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413305, Taiwan;
| | - Chin-Sheng Yu
- Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407102, Taiwan;
| | - Sunny Li-Yun Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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Marchi RD, Mathias C, Reiter GAK, de Lima RS, Kuroda F, Urban CDA, de Souza RLR, Gradia DF, Ribeiro EMSF, Cavalli IJ, de Oliveira JC. Association between SNP rs527616 in lncRNA AQP4-AS1 and susceptibility to breast cancer in a southern Brazilian population. Genet Mol Biol 2021; 44:e20200216. [PMID: 33721012 PMCID: PMC7958637 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2020-0216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of death by this disease in women worldwide. Among the factors involved in tumorigenesis, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and their differential expression have been associated. Differences in gene expression may be triggered by variations in DNA sequence, including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). In the present study, we analyzed the rs527616 (C>G), located in the lncRNA AQP4-AS1, using PCR-SSP in 306 BC patients and 312 controls, from a Brazilian population. In the BC group, the frequency found for CG heterozygotes was above the expected and the overdominant model is the best one to explain our results (OR: 1.70, IC 95%: 1.23-2.34, P<0.001). Furthermore, the SNP were associated with age at BC diagnosis and the risk genotype more frequent in the older age group. According to TCGA data, AQP4-AS1 is down-regulated in BC tissue, and the overexpression is associated with better prognoses, including Luminal A, HER2-, stage 1 of disease and smaller tumor. In conclusion, the CG genotype is associated with increased susceptibility in the southern Brazilian population. This SNP is mapped in the lncRNA AQP4-AS1, showing differential expression in BC samples. Based on these results, we emphasize the potential of the role of AQP4-AS1 in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael D. Marchi
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Genética, Curitiba,
PR, Brazil
| | - Carolina Mathias
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Genética, Curitiba,
PR, Brazil
| | | | | | - Flávia Kuroda
- Hospital Nossa Senhora das Graças, Centro de Doenças da Mama,
Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | - Daniela F. Gradia
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Genética, Curitiba,
PR, Brazil
| | | | - Iglenir J. Cavalli
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Genética, Curitiba,
PR, Brazil
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Zalles M, Smith N, Ziegler J, Saunders D, Remerowski S, Thomas L, Gulej R, Mamedova N, Lerner M, Fung K, Chung J, Hwang K, Jin J, Wiley G, Brown C, Battiste J, Wren JD, Towner RA. Optimized monoclonal antibody treatment against ELTD1 for GBM in a G55 xenograft mouse model. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:1738-1749. [PMID: 31863639 PMCID: PMC6991683 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is an aggressive brain tumour found in adults, and the therapeutic approaches available have not significantly increased patient survival. Recently, we discovered that ELTD1, an angiogenic biomarker, is highly expressed in human gliomas. Polyclonal anti-ELTD1 treatments were effective in glioma pre-clinical models, however, pAb binding is potentially promiscuous. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effects of an optimized monoclonal anti-ELTD1 treatment in G55 xenograft glioma models. MRI was used to assess the effects of the treatments on animal survival, tumour volumes, perfusion rates and binding specificity. Immunohistochemistry and histology were conducted to confirm and characterize microvessel density and Notch1 levels, and to locate the molecular probes. RNA-sequencing was used to analyse the effects of the mAb treatment. Our monoclonal anti-ELTD1 treatment significantly increased animal survival, reduced tumour volumes, normalized the vasculature and showed higher binding specificity within the tumour compared with both control- and polyclonal-treated mice. Notch1 positivity staining and RNA-seq results suggested that ELTD1 has the ability to interact with and interrupt Notch1 signalling. Although little is known about ELTD1, particularly about its ligand and pathways, our data suggest that our monoclonal anti-ELTD1 antibody is a promising anti-angiogenic therapeutic in glioblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Zalles
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance CenterOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
- Oklahoma Center for NeuroscienceUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Nataliya Smith
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance CenterOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Jadith Ziegler
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance CenterOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
- Dean McGee Eye InstituteUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Debra Saunders
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance CenterOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Shannon Remerowski
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance CenterOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
- Center for Veterinary SciencesOklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOKUSA
| | - Lincy Thomas
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance CenterOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
- The Jimmy Everest Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders in ChildrenUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Rafal Gulej
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance CenterOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
- Pharmaceutical DepartmentMedical University of LodzLodzPoland
| | - Nadya Mamedova
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance CenterOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Megan Lerner
- Surgery Research LaboratoryUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Kar‐Ming Fung
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
- Cardiovascular BiologyOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
- Stephenson Cancer CenterUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Junho Chung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Kyusang Hwang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Junyeong Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Graham Wiley
- Clinical Genomics CenterOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Chase Brown
- Oklahoma Center for NeuroscienceUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
- Genes & Human DiseaseOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - James Battiste
- Stephenson Cancer CenterUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Jonathan D. Wren
- Genes & Human DiseaseOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Rheal A. Towner
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance CenterOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
- Oklahoma Center for NeuroscienceUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
- Stephenson Cancer CenterUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
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Genetic variations associated with telomere length confer risk of gastric cardia adenocarcinoma. Gastric Cancer 2019; 22:1089-1099. [PMID: 30900102 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-019-00954-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant telomere lengthening is a critical feature of malignant cells. Short leukocyte telomere length (LTL) confers elevated risk of gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA). Multiple genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified various single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with LTL in different ethnic populations. However, it remains largely unexplored how these genetic variants are involved in GCA susceptibility. METHODS We systematically screened GWAS-identified candidate SNPs and tested the impact of 30 polymorphisms in genes associated with interindividual LTL variation on GCA using two-stage case-control comparisons consisting of 1024 GCA patients and 1118 controls. RESULTS We observed that CXCR4 rs6430612, TERT rs10069690, and rs2853676 as well as VPS34 rs2162440 are significantly associated with GCA development. A 0.64-fold decreased risk of GCA is associated with the CXCR4 rs6430612 CT genotype compared with the CC genotype (P = 0.002). On the contrary, the TERT rs10069690 TT genotype carriers had a 1.83-fold increased risk to develop GCA compared to the CC genotype carriers (P = 5.8×10-6). We also detected a 2.17-fold increased OR for GCA that was associated with the TERT rs2853676 TT genotype (P = 2.6×10-6). In addition, the odds of having the VPS34 rs2162440 GA genotype in GCA patients were 1.35 compared with the GG genotype (P = 0.002). In stratified analyses, the association between TERT rs10069690 polymorphism and GCA was more pronounced in nonsmokers (Pinteraction = 9.7 × 10-5) and nondrinkers (Pinteraction = 4.6 × 10-5). CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight the importance of both LTL and LTL-related genetic variants to GCA predisposition.
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Ma Z, Yuan D, Cheng X, Tuo B, Liu X, Li T. Function of ion transporters in maintaining acid-base homeostasis of the mammary gland and the pathophysiological role in breast cancer. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2019; 318:R98-R111. [PMID: 31553634 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00202.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of breast cancer is increasing year by year, and the pathogenesis is still unclear. Studies have shown that the high metabolism of solid tumors leads to an increase in hypoxia, glycolysis, production of lactic acid and carbonic acid, and extracellular acidification; a harsh microenvironment; and ultimately to tumor cell death. Approximately 50% of locally advanced breast cancers exhibit hypoxia and/or local hypoxia, and acid-base regulatory proteins play an important role in regulating milk secretion and maintaining mammary gland physiological function. Therefore, ion transporters have gradually become a hot topic in mammary gland and breast cancer research. This review focuses on the research progress of ion transporters in mammary glands and breast cancer. We hope to provide new targets for the treatment and prognosis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Ma
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Dumin Yuan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Digestive Disease Institute of Guizhou Province, Zunyi, China
| | - Xiaoming Cheng
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Biguang Tuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Digestive Disease Institute of Guizhou Province, Zunyi, China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Digestive Disease Institute of Guizhou Province, Zunyi, China
| | - Taolang Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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Chen J, Wu JS, Mize T, Moreno M, Hamid M, Servin F, Bashy B, Zhao Z, Jia P, Tsuang MT, Kendler KS, Xiong M, Chen X. A Frameshift Variant in the CHST9 Gene Identified by Family-Based Whole Genome Sequencing Is Associated with Schizophrenia in Chinese Population. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12717. [PMID: 31481703 PMCID: PMC6722128 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49052-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies imply that rare variants contribute to the risk of schizophrenia, however, the exact variants or genes responsible for this condition are largely unknown. In this study, we conducted whole genome sequencing (WGS) of 20 Chinese families. Each family consisted of at least two affected siblings diagnosed with schizophrenia and at least one unaffected sibling. We examined functional variants that were found in affected sibling(s) but not in unaffected sibling(s) within a family. Matching this criterion, a frameshift heterozygous deletion of CA (–/CA) at chromosome 18:24722722, also referred to as rs752084147, in the Carbohydrate Sulfotransferase 9 (CHST9) gene, was detected in two families. This deletion was confirmed by PCR-based Sanger sequencing. With the observed frequency of 0.00076 in Han Chinese population, we performed both case-control and family-based analyses to evaluate its association with schizophrenia. In the case-control analyses, Chi-square test P-value was 6.80e-12 and the P-value was 0.0008 after one million simulations. In family-based segregation analyses, segregation P-value was 7.72e-7 and simulated P-value was 5.70e-6. For both the case-control and family-based analyses, the CA deletion was significantly associated with schizophrenia in the Chinese population. Further investigation of this gene is warranted in the development of schizophrenia by utilizing larger and more ethnically diverse samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchun Chen
- Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 S, Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV, 89154-4009, USA.
| | - Jain-Shing Wu
- Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 S, Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV, 89154-4009, USA
| | - Travis Mize
- Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 S, Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV, 89154-4009, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 S, Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV, 89154-4009, USA
| | - Marvi Moreno
- Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 S, Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV, 89154-4009, USA
| | - Mahtab Hamid
- Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 S, Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV, 89154-4009, USA
| | - Francisco Servin
- Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 S, Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV, 89154-4009, USA
| | - Bita Bashy
- Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 S, Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV, 89154-4009, USA
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Peilin Jia
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ming T Tsuang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Kenneth S Kendler
- Virginia Institute of Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Medical College of Virginia and Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Momiao Xiong
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Human Genetics Center, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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Montgomery MR, Hull EE. Alterations in the glycome after HDAC inhibition impact oncogenic potential in epigenetically plastic SW13 cells. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:79. [PMID: 30651077 PMCID: PMC6335691 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-5129-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Defects in the type and degree of cellular glycosylation impact oncogenesis on multiple levels. Although the type of glycosylation is determined by protein sequence encoded by the genome, the extent and modifications of glycosylation depends on the activity of biosynthetic enzymes and recent data suggests that the glycome is also subject to epigenetic regulation. This study focuses on the ability of HDAC inhibition to alter glycosylation and to lead to pro-oncogenic alterations in the glycome as assessed by metastatic potential and chemoresistance. Methods Epigenetically plastic SW13 adrenocortical carcinoma cells were treated with FK228, an HDAC inhibitor with high affinity for HDAC1 and, to a lesser extent, HDAC2. In comparing HDAC inhibitor treated and control cells, differential expression of glycome-related genes were assessed by microarray. Differential glycosylation was then assessed by lectin binding arrays and the ability of cellular proteins to bind to glycans was assessed by glycan binding arrays. Differential sensitivity to paclitaxel, proliferation, and MMP activity were also assessed. Results Treatment with FK228 alters expression of enzymes in the biosynthetic pathways for a large number of glycome related genes including enzymes in all major glycosylation pathways and several glycan binding proteins. 84% of these differentially expressed glycome-related genes are linked to cancer, some as prognostic markers and others contributing basic oncogenic functions such as metastasis or chemoresistance. Glycan binding proteins also appear to be differentially expressed as protein extracts from treated and untreated cells show differential binding to glycan arrays. The impact of differential mRNA expression of glycosylation enzymes was documented by differential lectin binding. However, the assessment of changes in the glycome is complicated by the fact that detection of differential glycosylation through lectin binding is dependent on the methods used to prepare samples as protein-rich lysates show different binding than fixed cells in several cases. Paralleling the alterations in the glycome, treatment of SW13 cells with FK228 increases metastatic potential and reduces sensitivity to paclitaxel. Conclusions The glycome is substantially altered by HDAC inhibition and these changes may have far-reaching impacts on oncogenesis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-5129-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- McKale R Montgomery
- College of Human Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Elizabeth E Hull
- Biomedical Sciences Program, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, 85308, USA.
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