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Chen YH, Bi JH, Xie M, Zhang H, Shi ZQ, Guo H, Yin HB, Zhang JN, Xin GZ, Song HP. Classification-based strategies to simplify complex traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) researches through liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in the last decade (2011-2020): Theory, technical route and difficulty. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1651:462307. [PMID: 34161837 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The difficulty of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) researches lies in the complexity of components, metabolites, and bioactivities. For a long time, there has been a lack of connections among the three parts, which is not conducive to the systematic elucidation of TCM effectiveness. To overcome this problem, a classification-based methodology for simplifying TCM researches was refined from literature in the past 10 years (2011-2020). The theoretical basis of this methodology is set theory, and its core concept is classification. Its starting point is that "although TCM may contain hundreds of compounds, the vast majority of these compounds are structurally similar". The methodology is composed by research strategies for components, metabolites and bioactivities of TCM, which are the three main parts of the review. Technical route, key steps and difficulty are introduced in each part. Two perspectives are highlighted in this review: set theory is a theoretical basis for all strategies from a conceptual perspective, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is a common tool for all strategies from a technical perspective. The significance of these strategies is to simplify complex TCM researches, integrate isolated TCM researches, and build a bridge between traditional medicines and modern medicines. Potential research hotspots in the future, such as discovery of bioactive ingredients from TCM metabolites, are also discussed. The classification-based methodology is a summary of research experience in the past 10 years. We believe it will definitely provide support and reference for the following TCM researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory for Identification and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Liaoning Province, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Jing-Hua Bi
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Ming Xie
- Key Laboratory for Identification and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Liaoning Province, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Identification and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Liaoning Province, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Zi-Qi Shi
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Hua Guo
- Key Laboratory for Identification and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Liaoning Province, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Hai-Bo Yin
- Key Laboratory for Identification and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Liaoning Province, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Jia-Nuo Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Identification and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Liaoning Province, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Gui-Zhong Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Hui-Peng Song
- Key Laboratory for Identification and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Liaoning Province, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China.
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Zhang J, Wang CX, Song XJ, Li S, Fan CL, Chen GD, Hu D, Yao XS, Gao H. A new cinnamamide derivative and two new β-carboline alkaloids from the stems of Picrasma quassioides. Fitoterapia 2019; 139:104375. [PMID: 31629050 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.104375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Picrasamide A (1), a new cinnamamide derivative, together with two new β-carboline alkaloids (2 and 3) and five known β-carboline alkaloids (4-8) were isolated from the stems of Picrasma quassioides (D. Don) Benn. Their structures were elucidated by detailed analyses of UV, IR, HRESIMS, and NMR data. Compound 1 was the first case of cinnamamide derivative from genus Picrasma. The AChE inhibitory activity and the antimicrobial activity of 1-8 were assessed. In addition, preliminary structure-activity relationships of these β-carboline alkaloids on the AChE inhibitory activity and antimicrobial activity were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Chuan-Xi Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Song
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Shuang Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Cai-Lian Fan
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Guo-Dong Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Dan Hu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xin-Sheng Yao
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Hao Gao
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Guo XM, Li F, Zheng FF, Gong NN, Li Y, Feng WZ, Tian L. (±)-Quassidine K, a pair of cytotoxic bis-β-carboline alkaloid enantiomers from Picrasma quassioides. Nat Prod Res 2018; 34:489-493. [PMID: 30369253 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1489388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Ming Guo
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Fei Li
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Fang-Fang Zheng
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Na-Na Gong
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yan Li
- Hui Ya Hospital of the Frist Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Huizhou, China
| | - Wen-Zhou Feng
- Research and Development Center, Guangdong Scientific Finder Pharmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Tian
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
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Zhu XY, Liu JZ, Dong ZH, Feng F, Liu WY. Identification and screening of cardiac glycosides in Streptocaulon griffithii using an integrated data mining strategy based on high resolution mass spectrometry. Chin J Nat Med 2018; 16:546-560. [PMID: 30080653 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(18)30090-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to develop a practical strategy to tackle the problem of lacking standard compounds and limited references for identifying structure-related compounds in Streptocaulon griffithii Hook. f., especially those in trace concentrations, with a focus on antitumor activity. The cardiac glycosides (CGs)-enriched part was determined using in vitro bioactive assays in three cancer cell lines and then isolated using macroporous resins. The MS and MS/MS data were acquired using a high performance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid quadrupole-time of flight (HPLC-Q-TOF-MS) system. To acquire data of trace compound in the extract, a multiple segment program was applied to modify the HPLC-Q-TOF-MS method. A mass defect filter (MDF) approach was employed to make a primary MS data filtration. Utilizing a MATLAB program, the redundant peaks obtained by imprecise MDF template calculated with limited references were excluded by fragment ion classification, which was based on the ion occurrence number in the MDF-filtered total ion chromatograms (TIC). Additionally, the complete cleavage pathways of CG aglycones were proposed to assist the structural identification of 29 common fragment ions (CFIs, ion occurrence number ≥ 5) and diagnostic fragment ions (DFIs, ion occurrence number < 5). As a result, 30 CGs were filtered out from the MDF results, among which 23 were identified. This newly developed strategy may provide a rapid and effective tool for identifying structure-related compounds in herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jia-Zhuo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhen-Huan Dong
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Feng Feng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Wen-Yuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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