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Morales Navarrete P, Tjon KCE, Hosseini Z, Yuan J. High-gradient magnetophoretic bead trapping for enhanced electrochemical sensing and particle manipulation. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:2016-2028. [PMID: 36891683 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc01037b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic particles are routinely used in many biochemical techniques. As such, the manipulation of these particles is of paramount importance for proper detection and assay preparation. This paper describes a magnetic manipulation and detection paradigm that allows sensing and handling highly sensitive magnetic bead-based assays. The simple manufacturing process presented in this manuscript employs a CNC machining technique and an iron microparticle-doped PDMS (Fe-PDMS) compound to create magnetic microstructures that enhance magnetic forces for magnetic bead confinement. Said confinement, generates increases in local concentrations at the detection site. Higher local concentrations increase the magnitude of the detection signal, leading to higher assay sensitivity and lower limit of detection (LOD). Furthermore, we demonstrate this characteristic signal enhancement in both fluorescence and electrochemical detection techniques. We expect this new technique to allow users to design fully integrated magnetic bead-based microfluidic devices with the goal of preventing sample losses and enhancing signal magnitudes in biological experiments and assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Morales Navarrete
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, N.T., Hong Kong.
| | - Kai Chun Eddie Tjon
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, N.T., Hong Kong.
| | - Zahrasadat Hosseini
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, N.T., Hong Kong.
| | - Jie Yuan
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, N.T., Hong Kong.
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Wu J, Fang H, Zhang J, Yan S. Modular microfluidics for life sciences. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:85. [PMID: 36906553 PMCID: PMC10008080 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01846-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The advancement of microfluidics has enabled numerous discoveries and technologies in life sciences. However, due to the lack of industry standards and configurability, the design and fabrication of microfluidic devices require highly skilled technicians. The diversity of microfluidic devices discourages biologists and chemists from applying this technique in their laboratories. Modular microfluidics, which integrates the standardized microfluidic modules into a whole, complex platform, brings the capability of configurability to conventional microfluidics. The exciting features, including portability, on-site deployability, and high customization motivate us to review the state-of-the-art modular microfluidics and discuss future perspectives. In this review, we first introduce the working mechanisms of the basic microfluidic modules and evaluate their feasibility as modular microfluidic components. Next, we explain the connection approaches among these microfluidic modules, and summarize the advantages of modular microfluidics over integrated microfluidics in biological applications. Finally, we discuss the challenge and future perspectives of modular microfluidics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Wu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- Nanophotonics Research Center, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Fang
- Nanophotonics Research Center, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Sheng Yan
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
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Smetana M, Gombarska D, Psenakova Z, Chudacik V. Non-Destructive Investigation of Intrinsic Magnetic Field of Austenitic Biomaterials by Magnetic Field Sensors. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:9120. [PMID: 36501824 PMCID: PMC9737115 DOI: 10.3390/s22239120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Investigation of the intrinsic magnetic field of austenitic biomaterial specimens after various heat-treatment processes and mechanical deformation is a matter in this study. Both heat-treatment and mechanical deformation influences are under investigation. A new approach incorporates innovative solutions with the goal to increase the resolution of gained signals in contrast to conventional methods. The proposed procedure was tested on real material specimens. A magnetic field sensor (fluxgate type) was used for this purpose. The presented results clearly show that gained signals can be increased when the appropriate probe instrumentation is used, and the characteristics are further mathematically processed.
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Abedini-Nassab R, Shourabi R. High-throughput precise particle transport at single-particle resolution in a three-dimensional magnetic field for highly sensitive bio-detection. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6380. [PMID: 35430583 PMCID: PMC9013386 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10122-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Precise manipulation of microparticles have fundamental applications in the fields of lab-on-a-chip and biomedical engineering. Here, for the first time, we propose a fully operational microfluidic chip equipped with thin magnetic films composed of straight tracks and bends which precisely transports numerous single-particles in the size range of ~ 2.8–20 µm simultaneously, to certain points, synced with the general external three-axial magnetic field. The uniqueness of this design arises from the introduced vertical bias field that provides a repulsion force between the particles and prevents unwanted particle cluster formation, which is a challenge in devices operating in two-dimensional fields. Furthermore, the chip operates as an accurate sensor and detects low levels of proteins and DNA fragments, being captured by the ligand-functionalized magnetic beads, while lowering the background noise by excluding the unwanted bead pairs seen in the previous works. The image-processing detection method in this work allows detection at the single-pair resolution, increasing the sensitivity. The proposed device offers high-throughput particle transport and ultra-sensitive bio-detection in a highly parallel manner at single-particle resolution. It can also operate as a robust single-cell analysis platform for manipulating magnetized single-cells and assembling them in large arrays, with important applications in biology.
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Chícharo A, Caetano DM, Cardoso S, Freitas P. Evolution in Automatized Detection of Cells: Advances in Magnetic Microcytometers for Cancer Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1379:413-444. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-04039-9_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Abedini-Nassab R, Bahrami S. Synchronous control of magnetic particles and magnetized cells in a tri-axial magnetic field. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:1998-2007. [PMID: 34008644 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00097g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Precise manipulation of single particles is one of the main goals in the lab-on-a-chip field. Here, we present a microfluidic platform with "T" and "I" shaped magnetic tracks on the substrate to transport magnetic particles and magnetized cells in a tri-axial time-varying magnetic field. The driving magnetic field is composed of a vertical field bias and an in-plane rotating field component, with the advantage of lowering the attraction tendency and cluster formation between the particles compared to the traditional magnetophoretic circuits. We demonstrate three fundamental achievements. First, all the particle movements are synced with the external rotating field to achieve precise control over individual particles. Second, single-particle and single living cell transport in a controlled fashion is achieved for a large number of them in parallel, without the need for a complicated control system to send signals to individual particles. We carefully study the proposed design and introduce proper operating parameters. Finally, in addition to moving the particles along straight tracks, transporting them using a ∼60° bend is demonstrated. The proposed chip has direct applications in the fields of lab-on-a-chip, single-cell biology, and drug screening, where precise control over single particles is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sajjad Bahrami
- Electrical Engineering Department, University of Neyshabur, Neyshabur, Iran
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Sepehri S, Zardán Gómez de la Torre T, Schneiderman JF, Blomgren J, Jesorka A, Johansson C, Nilsson M, Albert J, Strømme M, Winkler D, Kalaboukhov A. Homogeneous Differential Magnetic Assay. ACS Sens 2019; 4:2381-2388. [PMID: 31397152 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b00969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Assays are widely used for detection of various targets, including pathogens, drugs, and toxins. Homogeneous assays are promising for the realization of point-of-care diagnostics as they do not require separation, immobilization, or washing steps. For low concentrations of target molecules, the speed and sensitivity of homogeneous assays have hitherto been limited by slow binding kinetics, time-consuming amplification steps, and the presence of a high background signal. Here, we present a homogeneous differential magnetic assay that utilizes a differential magnetic readout that eliminates previous limitations of homogeneous assays. The assay uses a gradiometer sensor configuration combined with precise microfluidic sample handling. This enables simultaneous differential measurement of a positive test sample containing a synthesized Vibrio cholerae target and a negative control sample, which reduces the background signal and increases the readout speed. Very low concentrations of targets down to femtomolar levels are thus detectable without any additional amplification of the number of targets. Our homogeneous differential magnetic assay method opens new possibilities for rapid and highly sensitive diagnostics at the point of care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Justin F. Schneiderman
- MedTech West and the Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Jakob Blomgren
- RISE − Research Institute of Sweden, SE-411 33 Göteborg, Sweden
| | | | | | - Mats Nilsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University,
Box 1031,SE-171 21 Solna, Sweden
| | - Jan Albert
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Strømme
- The Ångström Laboratory, Department of Engineering Sciences, Uppsala University, Box 534, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
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An integrated magnetic microfluidic chip for rapid immunodetection of the prostate specific antigen using immunomagnetic beads. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:252. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3349-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Go with the flow: advances and trends in magnetic flow cytometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:1839-1862. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01593-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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