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Zhao Y, Guo Q, Xue S, Chen P, Zhao Q, Liu L, Hlushko H, LaVerne J, Pearce CI, Miao A, Wang Z, Rosso KM, Zhang X. Effect of Adsorbed Carboxylates on the Dissolution of Boehmite Nanoplates in Highly Alkaline Solutions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:2017-2026. [PMID: 38214482 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c06595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the dissolution of boehmite in highly alkaline solutions is important to processing complex nuclear waste stored at the Hanford (WA) and Savannah River (SC) sites in the United States. Here, we report the adsorption of model carboxylates on boehmite nanoplates in alkaline solutions and their effects on boehmite dissolution in 3 M NaOH at 80 °C. Although expectedly lower than at circumneutral pH, adsorption of oxalate occurred at pH 13, with adsorption decreasing linearly to 3 M NaOH. Classical molecular dynamics simulations suggest that the adsorption of oxalate dianions onto the boehmite surface under high pH can occur through either inner- or outer-sphere complexation mechanisms depending on adsorption sites. However, both adsorption models indicate relatively weak binding, with an energy preference of 1.26 to 2.10 kcal/mol. By preloading boehmite nanoplates with oxalate or acetate, we observed suppression of dissolution rates by 23 or 10%, respectively, compared to pure solids. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy characterizations revealed no detectable difference in the morphologic evolution of the dissolving boehmite materials. We conclude that preadsorbed carboxylates can persist on boehmite surfaces, decreasing the density of dissolution-active sites and thereby adding extrinsic controls on dissolution rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yatong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China
- Physical & Computational Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Qing Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Sichuang Xue
- Physical & Computational Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Ping Chen
- Physical & Computational Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Qian Zhao
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Lili Liu
- Physical & Computational Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Hanna Hlushko
- Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Jay LaVerne
- Radiation Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Carolyn I Pearce
- Energy & Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Aijun Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China
| | - Zheming Wang
- Physical & Computational Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Kevin M Rosso
- Physical & Computational Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Xin Zhang
- Physical & Computational Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
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LaVerne JA, Abellan P. Radiation Chemical Effects at Interfaces. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2023; 29:665. [PMID: 37613412 DOI: 10.1093/micmic/ozad067.326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jay A LaVerne
- Radiation Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Patricia Abellan
- Nantes University, Institut des Materiaux de Nantes Jean Rouxel (IMN), CNRS, Nantes, France
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3
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Douglas JO, Conroy M, Giuliani F, Gault B. In Situ Sputtering From the Micromanipulator to Enable Cryogenic Preparation of Specimens for Atom Probe Tomography by Focused-Ion Beam. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2023; 29:1009-1017. [PMID: 37749683 DOI: 10.1093/micmic/ozad020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Workflows have been developed in the past decade to enable atom probe tomography analysis at cryogenic temperatures. The inability to control the local deposition of the metallic precursor from the gas-injection system (GIS) at cryogenic temperatures makes the preparation of site-specific specimens by using lift-out extremely challenging in the focused-ion beam. Schreiber et al. exploited redeposition to weld the lifted-out sample to a support. Here, we build on their approach to attach the region-of-interest and additionally strengthen the interface with locally sputtered metal from the micromanipulator. Following standard focused-ion beam annular milling, we demonstrate atom probe analysis of Si in both laser pulsing and voltage mode, with comparable analytical performance as a presharpened microtip coupon. Our welding approach is versatile, as various metals could be used for sputtering, and allows similar flexibility as the GIS in principle.
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Affiliation(s)
- James O Douglas
- Department of Materials, Royal School of Mines, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2BP, UK
| | - Michele Conroy
- Department of Materials, Royal School of Mines, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2BP, UK
| | - Finn Giuliani
- Department of Materials, Royal School of Mines, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2BP, UK
| | - Baptiste Gault
- Department of Materials, Royal School of Mines, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2BP, UK
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Yang M, Li H, Zhang Y, Ji S, Chen W, Ma P, Wang J, Niu J. Organic Hybrid Antimoniotungstate Layered Ionic Crystal: Synthesis, Structure, and Interlayer-Confined Proton Conduction. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:6467-6473. [PMID: 37053381 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
A synchronous crystal- and microstructure-dependent strategy was implemented to synthesize the organic hybrid antimoniotungstate layered ionic crystal Na5.5H6.5[(SbW9O33)2{WO2(OH)}2{WO2}RuC7H3NO4]·36H2O, and the layered structure was constructed through the Na+ bridged sheet and the hydrogen-bonded layers. It displayed an effective proton conductivity of 2.97 × 10-2 S cm-1 at 348 K and 75% RH, owing to the complete interlayer confined hydrogen-bond network formed by the hydrogens of interlayer crystal waters, organic ligands ({RuC7H3NO4}2+, {C7H3NO4} is formed by the hydrolysis of pyridine 2,5-dicarboxylic acid (C7H5NO4)), and acidic protons (H+), along with the interlayer domain as a transport channel. Furthermore, the hydrogen-bond network originating from interlayer organic ligands and acidic protons was more stable at a higher temperature of 423 K, preserving a high conductivity of 1.99 × 10-2 S cm-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengnan Yang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Huafeng Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Shiyan Ji
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Wenjing Chen
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Pengtao Ma
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Jingping Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Jingyang Niu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
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Lee MY, Yen FS, Hsiang HI. Generating Self-Shaped 2D Aluminum Oxide Nanopowders. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:2955. [PMID: 36079992 PMCID: PMC9457673 DOI: 10.3390/nano12172955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The thermal-assisted exfoliation phenomena of boehmite particles under moderate heating rates were examined. The exfoliation that generated flakes of 5−6 nm in thickness can be achieved because of the perfect cleavage on the boehmite particles that are stripped when thermal treatments bring about dehydration and γ-Al2O3 formation in sequential phase transformation of boehmite. Examinations of the exfoliation effects were carried out on calcined boehmite single crystal particles, which were about 500 nm in diameter, and obtained at three heating rates 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 °C/min with the heating schedules. The TEM techniques, BET-N2 measurements, XRD-Scherrer equation, and AFM images were employed in the examination. That the BET values increased as increasing of exfoliated flakes reflected two stages of exfoliation. In the beginning stage, during which the BET values were <40 m2/g, the exfoliation resulted from the stress produced by dehydration. In the second stage, the increased rate of surface area was due to the additional force, which originated from the γ-Al2O3 formation. Exfoliation occurred on the cleavage planes {010}, the side pinacoid of the boehmite particle. The generation of flakes resulted in the thinning of boehmite particles. Some of the flakes preserved the external form of boehmite crystals. From the surface energy evaluations of boehmite and γ-Al2O3, it can be inferred that exfoliation is a natural way of thermal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fu-Su Yen
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-6-2757575 (ext. 62822)
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Cho YJ, Kwon YJ, Jin S, Choi H, Lee JH, Yang SM, Choi SW, Jeong YK. Two-Dimensional calcium silicate nanosheets for trapping atmospheric water molecules in humidity-immune gas sensors. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 432:128671. [PMID: 35303661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In humid conditions, water vapor can easily neutralize the surface active sites of metal oxide sensors, leading to a lowering in the sensitivity of the gas sensor and a resultant inaccurate signal in practical applications. Herein, we present a new hybrid sensor by introducing a two-dimensional calcium silicate (CS) nanosheet as a water-trapping layer in SnO2 nanowires. Unlike the heavily wrinkled and aggregated morphology of conventional CS nanosheets, our nanosheet in the hybrid material is ultrathin and flat. Moreover, it was grown in the empty spaces between the spider-web-like networks of SnO2 nanowires without covering the nanowire surface. These two morphological features improve moisture trapping with minimal reduction in the active sensing area. Consequently, stable and sensitive gas detection under humid conditions was achieved in this hybrid sensor. The superior humidity-independent sensing is ascribed to the preferential adsorption of water molecules on hydroscopic CS nanosheets through the hydrogen bond. Based on density functional theory calculations, we determined that the improved gas response is driven by the additional formation of oxygen vacancy in SnO2 due to the diffusion of aliovalent Ca ions from the CS nanosheet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Ju Cho
- Functional Materials & Components R&D group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), 137-41 Gwahakdanji-ro, Gangneung-si, Gangwon 25440, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Jung Kwon
- Functional Materials & Components R&D group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), 137-41 Gwahakdanji-ro, Gangneung-si, Gangwon 25440, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghwan Jin
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeunseok Choi
- Smart Manufacturing System R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), 89, Yangdaegiro-gil, Ipjang-myeon, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam 31056, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hoon Lee
- Computational Science Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Min Yang
- Functional Materials & Components R&D group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), 137-41 Gwahakdanji-ro, Gangneung-si, Gangwon 25440, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Woo Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kangwon National University, Samcheok-si, Gangwon-do 25913, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Kyu Jeong
- Functional Materials & Components R&D group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), 137-41 Gwahakdanji-ro, Gangneung-si, Gangwon 25440, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Liu L, Chun J, Zhang X, Sassi M, Stack AG, Pearce CI, Clark SB, Rosso KM, De Yoreo JJ, Kimmel GA. Radiolysis and Radiation-Driven Dynamics of Boehmite Dissolution Observed by In Situ Liquid-Phase TEM. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:5029-5036. [PMID: 35390256 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c08415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Over the last several decades, there have been several studies examining the radiation stability of boehmite and other aluminum oxyhydroxides, yet less is known about the impact of radiation on boehmite dissolution. Here, we investigate radiation effects on the dissolution behavior of boehmite by employing liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy (LPTEM) and varying the electron flux on the samples consisting of either single nanoplatelets or aggregated stacks. We show that boehmite nanoplatelets projected along the [010] direction exhibit uniform dissolution with a strong dependence on the electron dose rate. For nanoplatelets that have undergone oriented aggregation, we show that the dissolution occurs preferentially at the particles at the ends of the stacks that are more accessible to bulk solution than at the others inside the aggregate. In addition, at higher dose rates, electrostatic repulsion and knock-on damage from the electron beam causes delamination of the stacks and dissolution at the interfaces between particles in the aggregate, indicating that there is a threshold dose rate for electron-beam enhancement of dissolution of boehmite aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Liu
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Jaehun Chun
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Xin Zhang
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Michel Sassi
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Andrew G Stack
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Carolyn I Pearce
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Sue B Clark
- Energy & Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Kevin M Rosso
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - James J De Yoreo
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Greg A Kimmel
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
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8
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Dronova M, Lécolier E, Barré L, Michot LJ. Phase diagram, structure and rheology of boehmite dispersions: role of electrostatic interactions. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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9
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Khlyustova A, Sirotkin N, Titov V, Agafonov A. One‐Pot Underwater Plasma Synthesis and Characterization of Fe‐ and Ni‐Doped Boehmite. CRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.202100117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Khlyustova
- G. A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of RAS Ivanovo 153045 Russia
| | - Nikolay Sirotkin
- G. A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of RAS Ivanovo 153045 Russia
| | - Valery Titov
- G. A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of RAS Ivanovo 153045 Russia
| | - Alexander Agafonov
- G. A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of RAS Ivanovo 153045 Russia
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El-Shahawy AAG, Abdel-Moneim A, Ebeid ASM, Eldin ZE, Zanaty MI. A novel layered double hydroxide-hesperidin nanoparticles exert antidiabetic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in rats with diabetes. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:5217-5232. [PMID: 34244888 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06527-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Incidence of diabetes has increased significantly worldwide over recent decades. Our objective was to prepare and characterize a novel nano-carrier of hesperidin to achieve a sustained release of hesperidin and to explore the potency of the novel formula as an antidiabetic agent compared to metformin in type 2 diabetic rats. METHODS Hesperidin was loaded on MgAl-layered double hydroxide (LDH). The formula was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering. The release profile of hesperidin and MgAl-LDH-Hesperidin were studied in vitro. The parameters studied in vivo were blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin, lipid profile, and liver glycogen levels. We also investigated the levels of interleukin (IL)-17, tumor necrosis factor-Alfa (TNF-α), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase, and the mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (NrF2). RESULTS There were variations in the XRD patterns and FTIR confirming the physical adsorption of hesperidin on the surface of LDH. The results indicated that the diabetic rats treated with administration of antidiabetic formula, MgAl-LDH-Hesperidin, showed a beneficial effect on the levels of blood glucose, insulin, HbA1c%, and lipid profile, comparing to diabetic control rats. The antidiabetic agent also showed a significant decrease in the levels of TNF-α, IL-17, and MDA, and an increase in the level of catalase. Marked upregulation of the expression levels of mRNA for PPARγ and NrF2 were recorded. CONCLUSION The novel nano-hesperidin formula MgAl-LDH-Hesperidin revealed a sustained release of hesperidin and exhibited antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, and also is a promising agent for effective delivery of drugs to treat type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A G El-Shahawy
- Materials Science and Nanotechnology Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences (PSAS), Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Adel Abdel-Moneim
- Molecular Physiology Division, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Salah Salem St, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt.
| | - Abdelazim S M Ebeid
- Biotechnology and Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences (PSAS), Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Zienab E Eldin
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohamed I Zanaty
- Biotechnology and Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences (PSAS), Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Nduni MN, Osano AM, Chaka B. Synthesis and characterization of aluminium oxide nanoparticles from waste aluminium foil and potential application in aluminium-ion cell. CLEANER ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY 2021; 3:100108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clet.2021.100108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
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12
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Zarinwall A, Waniek T, Saadat R, Braun U, Sturm H, Garnweitner G. Comprehensive Characterization of APTES Surface Modifications of Hydrous Boehmite Nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:171-179. [PMID: 33355468 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hydrous boehmite (γ-AlOOH) nanoparticles (BNP) show great potential as nanoscale filler for the fabrication of fiber reinforced nanocomposite materials. Notably, the particle-matrix interaction has been demonstrated to be decisive for improving the matrix-dominant mechanical properties in the past years. Tailoring the surface properties of the nanofiller enables to selectively design the interaction and thus to exploit the benefits of the nanocomposite in an optimal way. Here, an extensive study is presented on the binding of (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES), a common silane surface modifier, on BNP in correlation to different process parameters (concentration, time, temperature, and pH). Furthermore, a comprehensive characterization of the modified BNP was performed by using elemental analysis (EA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) coupled with mass spectrometry (TGA-MS), and Kaiser's test (KT). The results show an increasing monolayer formation up to a complete surface coverage with rising APTES concentration, time, and temperature, resulting in a maximal grafting density of 1.3 molecules/nm2. Unspecific multilayer formation was solely observed under acidic conditions. Comparison of TGA-MS results with data recorded from EA, TGA, and KT verified that TGA-MS is a convenient and highly suitable method to elucidate the ligand binding in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajmal Zarinwall
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Volkmaroder Str. 5, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Tassilo Waniek
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87,12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - Reza Saadat
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Volkmaroder Str. 5, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ulrike Braun
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87,12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - Heinz Sturm
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87,12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Garnweitner
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Volkmaroder Str. 5, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany
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Steciuk G, Majzlan J, Plášil J. Hydrogen disorder in kaatialaite Fe[AsO 2(OH) 2]5H 2O from Jáchymov, Czech Republic: determination from low-temperature 3D electron diffraction. IUCRJ 2021; 8:116-123. [PMID: 33520247 PMCID: PMC7793002 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252520015626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Kaatialaite mineral Fe[AsO2(OH)2]5H2O from Jáchymov, Czech Republic forms white aggregates of needle-shaped crystals with micrometric size. Its structure at ambient temperature has already been reported but hydrogen atoms could not be identified from single-crystal X-ray diffraction. An analysis using 3D electron diffraction at low temperature brings to light the hydrogen positions and the existence of hydrogen disorder. At 100 K, kaatialaite is described in a monoclinic unit cell of a = 15.46, b = 19.996, c = 4.808 Å, β = 91.64° and V = 1485.64 Å3 with space group P21/n. The hydrogen sites were revealed after refinements both considering the dynamical effects and ignoring them. The possibility to access most of the hydrogen positions, including partially occupied ones among heavy atoms, from the kinematical refinement is due to the recent developments in the analysis of 3D electron data. The hydrogen bonding observed in kaatialaite provides examples of H2O configurations that have not been observed before in the structures of oxysalts with the presence of unusual inverse transformer H2O groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwladys Steciuk
- Department of Structure Analysis, Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 1999/2, Prague 8, 182 21, Czech Republic
| | - Juraj Majzlan
- Institute of Geosciences, Friedrich-Schiller University, Burgweg 11, Jena, 07749, Germany
| | - Jakub Plášil
- Department of Structure Analysis, Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 1999/2, Prague 8, 182 21, Czech Republic
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The Sealing Step in Aluminum Anodizing: A Focus on Sustainable Strategies for Enhancing Both Energy Efficiency and Corrosion Resistance. COATINGS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings10030226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Increasing demands for environmental accountability and energy efficiency in industrial practice necessitates significant modification(s) of existing technologies and development of new ones to meet the stringent sustainability demands of the future. Generally, development of required new technologies and appropriate modifications of existing ones need to be premised on in-depth appreciation of existing technologies, their limitations, and desired ideal products or processes. In the light of these, published literature mostly in the past 30 years on the sealing process; the second highest energy consuming step in aluminum anodization and a step with significant environmental impacts has been critical reviewed in this systematic review. Emphasis have been placed on the need to reduce both the energy input in the anodization process and environmental implications. The implications of the nano-porous structure of the anodic oxide on mass transport and chemical reactivity of relevant species during the sealing process is highlighted with a focus on exploiting these peculiarities, in improving the quality of sealed products. In addition, perspective is provided on plausible approaches and important factors to be considered in developing sealing procedures that can minimize the energy input and environmental impact of the sealing step, and ensure a more sustainable aluminum anodization process/industry.
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Cookman J, Hamilton V, Price LS, Hall SR, Bangert U. Visualising early-stage liquid phase organic crystal growth via liquid cell electron microscopy. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:4636-4644. [PMID: 32044911 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr08126g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Here, we show that the development of nuclei and subsequent growth of a molecular organic crystal system can be induced by electron beam irradiation by exploiting the radiation chemistry of the carrier solvent. The technique of Liquid Cell Electron Microscopy was used to probe the crystal growth of flufenamic acid; a current commercialised active pharmaceutical ingredient. This work demonstrates liquid phase electron microscopy analysis as an essential tool for assessing pharmaceutical crystal growth in their native environment while giving insight into polymorph identification of nano-crystals at their very inception. Possible mechanisms of crystal nucleation due to the electron beam with a focus on radiolysis are discussed along with the innovations this technique offers to the study of pharmaceutical crystals and other low contrast materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Cookman
- Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Co. Limerick, Ireland.
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16
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Kang HS, Nam KW, So S, Oh KH. Effect of hydrophilic 2-D layered minerals in cathode catalyst layers on performance of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. J IND ENG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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17
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Cui W, Zhang X, Pearce CI, Chen Y, Zhang S, Liu W, Engelhard MH, Kovarik L, Zong M, Zhang H, Walter ED, Zhu Z, Heald SM, Prange MP, De Yoreo JJ, Zheng S, Zhang Y, Clark SB, Li P, Wang Z, Rosso KM. Cr(III) Adsorption by Cluster Formation on Boehmite Nanoplates in Highly Alkaline Solution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:11043-11055. [PMID: 31442378 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b02693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The development of advanced functional nanomaterials for selective adsorption in complex chemical environments requires partner studies of binding mechanisms. Motivated by observations of selective Cr(III) adsorption on boehmite nanoplates (γ-AlOOH) in highly caustic multicomponent solutions of nuclear tank waste, here we unravel the adsorption mechanism in molecular detail. We examined Cr(III) adsorption to synthetic boehmite nanoplates in sodium hydroxide solutions up to 3 M, using a combination of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning/transmission electron microscopy (S/TEM), electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), high-resolution atomic force microscopy (HR-AFM), time-of-fight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), Cr K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES)/extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). Adsorption isotherms and kinetics were successfully fit to Langmuir and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, respectively, consistent with monotonic uptake of Cr(OH)4- monomers until saturation coverage of approximately half the aluminum surface site density. High resolution AFM revealed monolayer cluster self-assembly on the (010) basal surfaces with increasing Cr(III) loading, possessing a structural motif similar to guyanaite (β-CrOOH), stabilized by corner-sharing Cr-O-Cr bonds and attached to the surface with edge-sharing Cr-O-Al bonds. The selective uptake appears related to short-range surface templating effects, with bridging metal connections likely enabled by hydroxyl anion ligand exchange reactions at the surface. Such a cluster formation mechanism, which stops short of more laterally extensive heteroepitaxy, could be a metal uptake discrimination mechanism more prevalent than currently recognized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Cui
- Physical & Computational Science Directorate , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
- National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering , Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Physical & Computational Science Directorate , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Carolyn I Pearce
- Energy & Environment Directorate , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Ying Chen
- Physical & Computational Science Directorate , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Physical & Computational Science Directorate , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Wen Liu
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Mark H Engelhard
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Libor Kovarik
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Meirong Zong
- Physical & Computational Science Directorate , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
- School of Earth Sciences and Engineering , Nanjing University , Nanjing , Jiangsu Province 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Physical & Computational Science Directorate , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
- National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering , Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Eric D Walter
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Zihua Zhu
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Steve M Heald
- Advanced Photon Source , Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Micah P Prange
- Physical & Computational Science Directorate , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - James J De Yoreo
- Physical & Computational Science Directorate , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Shili Zheng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering , Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering , Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Sue B Clark
- Physical & Computational Science Directorate , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
- Department of Chemistry , Washington State University , Pullman , Washington 99164 , United States
| | - Ping Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering , Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Zheming Wang
- Physical & Computational Science Directorate , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Kevin M Rosso
- Physical & Computational Science Directorate , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
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18
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Yu X, Arey B, Chatterjee S, Chun J. Improving in situ liquid SEM imaging of particles. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.6700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Ying Yu
- Energy and Environment DirectoratePacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99354 USA
| | - Bruce Arey
- Energy and Environment DirectoratePacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99354 USA
| | - Sayandev Chatterjee
- Energy and Environment DirectoratePacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99354 USA
| | - Jaehun Chun
- Physical and Computational Sciences DirectoratePacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99354 USA
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19
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Wang H, Sun Y, Chu J, Wang X, Zhang M. Intensive study on structure transformation of muscovite single crystal under high-dose γ-ray irradiation and mechanism speculation. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2019; 6:190594. [PMID: 31417756 PMCID: PMC6689601 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.190594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Intensive study on structure transformation of muscovite single crystal under high-dose γ-ray irradiation is essential for its use in irradiation detection and also beneficial for mechanism cognition on defect formation within a matrix of clay used in the disposal of high-level radioactive waste (HLRW). In this work, muscovite single crystal was irradiated with Co-60 γ ray in air at a dose rate of 54 Gy min-1 with doses of 0-1000 kGy. Then, structure transformation and mechanism were explored by Raman spectrum, Fourier-transform infrared spectrum, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, CA, scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscopy. The main results show that variations in the chemical/crystalline structure are dose-dependent. Low-dose irradiation sufficiently destroyed the structure, removing Si-OH, thus declining hydrophilicity. With dose increase up to 100 kGy, CA increased from 20° to 40°. Except for hydrophilicity variation, shrink occurred in the (004) lattice plane which later recovered; the variation range at 500 kGy irradiation was 0.5% close to 0.02 Å. The main mechanisms involved were framework break and H2O radiolysis. Framework break results in Si-OH removal and H2O radiolysis results in extra OH introduction. The extra introduced OH probably results in Si-OH bond regeneration, lattice plane shrink and recovered surface hydrophilicity. The importance of framework break and H2O radiolysis on structure transformation is dose-dependence. At low doses, framework break seems more important while at high doses H2O radiolysis is important. Generally, variations in the chemical structure and surface property are nonlinear and less at high doses. This indicates using the chemical structure or surface property variation to describe irradiation is correct at low doses but not at high doses. This finding is meaningful for realizing whether muscovite is suitable for detecting high-dose irradiation or not, and mechanism exploration is efficient for identifying the procedure for defect formation within the matrix of clay used in disposal HLRW in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ming Zhang
- Authors for correspondence: Ming Zhang e-mail:
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20
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Nakouzi E, Soltis JA, Legg BA, Schenter GK, Zhang X, Graham TR, Rosso KM, Anovitz LM, De Yoreo JJ, Chun J. Impact of Solution Chemistry and Particle Anisotropy on the Collective Dynamics of Oriented Aggregation. ACS NANO 2018; 12:10114-10122. [PMID: 30180540 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b04909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Although oriented aggregation of particles is a widely recognized mechanism of crystal growth, the impact of many fundamental parameters, such as crystallographically distinct interfacial structures, solution composition, and nanoparticle morphology, on the governing mechanisms and assembly kinetics are largely unexplored. Thus, the collective dynamics of systems exhibiting OA has not been predicted. In this context, we investigated the structure and dynamics of boehmite aggregation as a function of solution pH and ionic strength. Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy shows that boehmite nanoplatelets assemble by oriented attachment on (010) planes. The coagulation rate constants obtained from dynamic light scattering during the early stages of aggregation span 7 orders of magnitude and cross both the reaction-limited and diffusion-limited regimes. Combining a simple scaling analysis with calculations for stability ratios and rotational/translational diffusivities of irregular particle shapes, the effects of orientation for irregular-shaped particles on the early stages of aggregation are understood via angular dependencies of van der Waals, electrostatic, and hydrodynamic interactions. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we found that a simple geometric parameter, namely, the contact area between two attaching nanoplatelets, presents a useful tool for correlating nanoparticle morphologies to the emerging larger-scale aggregates, hence explaining the unusually high fractal dimensions measured for boehmite aggregates. Our findings on nanocrystal transport and interactions provide insights toward the predictive understanding of nanoparticle growth, assembly, and aggregation, which will address critical challenges in developing synthesis strategies for nanostructured materials, understanding the evolution of geochemical reservoirs, and addressing many environmental problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Nakouzi
- Physical Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Jennifer A Soltis
- Physical Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Benjamin A Legg
- Physical Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Gregory K Schenter
- Physical Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Xin Zhang
- Physical Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Trent R Graham
- The Voiland School of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Department of Chemistry , Washington State University , Pullman , Washington 99164 , United States
| | - Kevin M Rosso
- Physical Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Lawrence M Anovitz
- Chemical Sciences Division, MS 6110 , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - James J De Yoreo
- Physical Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Jaehun Chun
- Physical Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
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21
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Examination of dehydration and dehydroxylation of synthetic layered (oxy)hydroxides through thermal analysis (TG-DSC-EGA-MS) and a discussion to the second Pauling’s rule. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2018.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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22
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S’ari M, Blade H, Brydson R, Cosgrove SD, Hondow N, Hughes LP, Brown A. Toward Developing a Predictive Approach To Assess Electron Beam Instability during Transmission Electron Microscopy of Drug Molecules. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:5114-5123. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark S’ari
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Blade
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Development, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, United Kingdom
| | - Rik Brydson
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen D. Cosgrove
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Development, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, United Kingdom
| | - Nicole Hondow
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Leslie P. Hughes
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Development, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, United Kingdom
| | - Andy Brown
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
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23
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Prange MP, Zhang X, Ilton ES, Kovarik L, Engelhard MH, Kerisit SN. Electronic response of aluminum-bearing minerals. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:024502. [PMID: 30007383 DOI: 10.1063/1.5037104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aluminum-bearing minerals show different hydrogen evolution and dissolution properties when subjected to radiation, but the complicated sequence of events following interaction with high-energy radiation is not understood. To gain insight into the possible mechanisms of hydrogen production in nanoparticulate minerals, we study the electronic response and determine the bandgap energies of three common aluminum-bearing minerals with varying hydrogen content: gibbsite (Al(OH)3), boehmite (AlOOH), and alumina (Al2O3) using electron energy loss spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and first-principles electronic structure calculations employing hybrid density functionals. We find that the amount of hydrogen has only a small effect on the number and spectrum of photoexcitations in this class of materials. Electronic structure calculations demonstrate that low energy electrons are isotropically mobile, while holes in the valence band are likely constrained to move in layers. Furthermore, holes in the valence band of boehmite are found to be significantly more mobile than those in gibbsite, suggesting that the differences in radiolytic and dissolution behavior are related to hole transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micah P Prange
- Physical Sciences Division, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Xin Zhang
- Physical Sciences Division, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Eugene S Ilton
- Physical Sciences Division, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Libor Kovarik
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Mark H Engelhard
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Sebastien N Kerisit
- Physical Sciences Division, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
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24
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Electron irradiation induced amorphous SiO 2 formation at metal oxide/Si interface at room temperature; electron beam writing on interfaces. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2124. [PMID: 29391562 PMCID: PMC5794778 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20537-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Al2O3 (5 nm)/Si (bulk) sample was subjected to irradiation of 5 keV electrons at room temperature, in a vacuum chamber (pressure 1 × 10−9 mbar) and formation of amorphous SiO2 around the interface was observed. The oxygen for the silicon dioxide growth was provided by the electron bombardment induced bond breaking in Al2O3 and the subsequent production of neutral and/or charged oxygen. The amorphous SiO2 rich layer has grown into the Al2O3 layer showing that oxygen as well as silicon transport occurred during irradiation at room temperature. We propose that both transports are mediated by local electric field and charged and/or uncharged defects created by the electron irradiation. The direct modification of metal oxide/silicon interface by electron-beam irradiation is a promising method of accomplishing direct write electron-beam lithography at buried interfaces.
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25
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Peterson RA, Buck EC, Chun J, Daniel RC, Herting DL, Ilton ES, Lumetta GJ, Clark SB. Review of the Scientific Understanding of Radioactive Waste at the U.S. DOE Hanford Site. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:381-396. [PMID: 29215277 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b04077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This Critical Review reviews the origin and chemical and rheological complexity of radioactive waste at the U.S. Department of Energy Hanford Site. The waste, stored in underground tanks, was generated via three distinct processes over decades of plutonium extraction operations. Although close records were kept of original waste disposition, tank-to-tank transfers and conditions that impede equilibrium complicate our understanding of the chemistry, phase composition, and rheology of the waste. Tank waste slurries comprise particles and aggregates from nano to micro scales, with varying densities, morphologies, heterogeneous compositions, and complicated responses to flow regimes and process conditions. Further, remnant or changing radiation fields may affect the stability and rheology of the waste. These conditions pose challenges for transport through conduits or pipes to treatment plants for vitrification. Additionally, recalcitrant boehmite degrades glass quality and the high aluminum content must be reduced prior to vitrification for the manufacture of waste glass of acceptable durability. However, caustic leaching indicates that boehmite dissolves much more slowly than predicted given surface normalized rates. Existing empirical models based on ex situ experiments and observations generally only describe material balances and have not effectively predicted process performance. Recent advances in the areas of in situ microscopy, aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy, theoretical modeling across scales, and experimental methods for probing the physics and chemistry at mineral-fluid and mineral-mineral interfaces are being implemented to build robustly predictive physics-based models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Daniel L Herting
- Washington River Protection Solutions , Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | | | | | - Sue B Clark
- Chemistry Department, Washington State University , Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
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