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Mandal S, Kumar M, Sengupta P, Panigrahi A, Debata M, Shamili C, Surendran KP, Manna I, Basu S. Laser Melting of Mechanically Alloyed FeNi: A Study of the Correlation between Microstructure and Texture with Magnetic and Physical Properties. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:15650-15662. [PMID: 38585114 PMCID: PMC10993361 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The current study attempts to establish the interrelation between microstructure and magnetic properties induced during laser melting of the FeNi alloy. This study demonstrates the optimization of laser parameters for defect-free, uniform, and chemically homogeneous FeNi alloy synthesis. Mechanically alloyed FeNi (50-50 atom %) powders obtained after 12 and 24 h milling, with average particle sizes of 15 and 7 μm, were used as starting materials. It was found that the optimum range of laser power density for synthesis of dense and defect-free solids is between 1 and 1.4 J/mm2. For laser melting under similar conditions, 12 h milled FeNi powder produces a larger grain (∼100 μm) with a preferred texture of (001), compared to 25 μm grain size in 24 h milled FeNi, with random texture. Smaller grain size is correlated with higher resistance to domain wall movement, resulting in higher coercivity and remanence in the laser-melted samples prepared from 24 h of milled powder. The presence of microtexture in laser-melted samples prepared from 12 h milled powder is related to a higher anisotropy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuvam Mandal
- CSIR—Institute
of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- CSIR—Institute
of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, India
- Department
of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Pradyut Sengupta
- CSIR—Institute
of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, India
- Department
of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Ajit Panigrahi
- CSIR—Institute
of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Mayadhar Debata
- CSIR—Institute
of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Chandradas Shamili
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- Material
Science and Technology Division, CSIR—Institute
of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram 695019, India
| | - Kuzhichalil Peethambharan Surendran
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- Material
Science and Technology Division, CSIR—Institute
of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram 695019, India
| | - Indranil Manna
- Department
of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
- Birla
Institute of Technology (BIT), Mesra, Ranchi 835215, India
| | - Suddhasatwa Basu
- CSIR—Institute
of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute
of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
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2
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Lewis LH, Stamenov PS. Accelerating Nature: Induced Atomic Order in Equiatomic FeNi. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2302696. [PMID: 38072671 PMCID: PMC10870030 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The production of locally atomically ordered FeNi (known by its meteoric mineral name, tetrataenite) is confirmed in bulk samples by simultaneous conversion X-ray and backscattered γ-ray 57 Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy. Up to 22 volume percent of the tetragonal tetrataenite phase is quantified in samples thermally treated under simultaneous magnetic- and stress-field conditions for a period of 6 weeks, with the remainder identified as the cubic FeNi alloy. In contrast, all precursor samples consist only of the cubic FeNi alloy. Data from the processed alloys are validated using Mössbauer parameters derived from natural meteoritic tetrataenite. The meteoritic tetrataenite exhibits a substantially higher degree of atomic order than do the processed samples, consistent with their low uniaxial magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy of ≈1 kJ·m-3 . These results suggest that targeted refinements to the processing conditions of FeNi will foster greater atomic order and increased magnetocrystalline anisotropy, leading to an enhanced magnetic energy product. These outcomes also suggest that deductions concerning paleomagnetic conditions of the solar system, as derived from meteoritic data, may warrant re-examination and re-evaluation. Additionally, this work strengthens the argument that tetrataenite may indeed become a member of the advanced permanent magnet portfolio, helping to meet rapidly escalating green energy imperatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura H. Lewis
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Department of Mechanical and Industrial EngineeringNortheastern UniversityBostonMA02115USA
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3
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Han C, Lejeune B, Zhang X, Ni C, Lewis LH. L10 Ordering in MnAl and FeNi Influenced by Magnetic Field and Strain. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2023; 29:1346-1347. [PMID: 37613136 DOI: 10.1093/micmic/ozad067.690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chaoya Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | - Brian Lejeune
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Chaoying Ni
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | - Laura H Lewis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
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4
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Mandal S, Panigrahi A, Rath A, Bönisch M, Sengupta P, Debata M, Basu S. Formation of L1 0 Ordering in FeNi by Mechanical Alloying and Field-Assisted Heat Treatment: Synchrotron XRD Studies. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:13690-13701. [PMID: 37091413 PMCID: PMC10116615 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
L10-ordered FeNi, tetrataenite, found naturally in meteorites is a predilection for next-generation rare-earth free permanent magnetic materials. However, the synthesis of this phase remains unattainable in an industrially relevant time frame due to the sluggish diffusion of Fe and Ni near the order-disorder temperature (593 K) of L10 FeNi. The present work describes the synthesis of ordered L10 FeNi from elemental Fe and Ni powders by mechanical alloying up to 12 h and subsequent heat treatment at 623 K for 1000 h without a magnetic field and for 4 h in the presence of 1.5 T magnetic field. Also, to address the ambiguity of L10 phase identification caused by the low difference in the X-ray scattering factor of Fe and Ni, synchrotron-based X-ray diffraction is employed, which reveals that 6 h milling is sufficient to induce L10 FeNi formation. Further milling for 12 h is done to achieve a chemically homogeneous powder. The phase fraction of L10-ordered FeNi is quantified to ∼9 wt % for 12 h milled FeNi, which increases to ∼15 wt % after heat treatment. Heat treatment of the milled powder in a magnetic field increases the long-range order parameter (S) from 0.18 to 0.30. Further, the study of magnetic properties reveals a decrease in magnetic saturation and a slight increase in coercivity with the increase in milling duration. At the same time, heat treatment in the magnetic field shows a considerable increase in coercivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuvam Mandal
- CSIR—Institute
of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ajit Panigrahi
- CSIR—Institute
of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ashutosh Rath
- CSIR—Institute
of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Matthias Bönisch
- Department
of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Pradyut Sengupta
- CSIR—Institute
of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, India
- Department
of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Mayadhar Debata
- CSIR—Institute
of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Suddhasatwa Basu
- CSIR—Institute
of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute
of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
- , . Phone: +91(0674) 2379400
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5
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Stabilization of unprecedented crystal phases of metal nanomaterials. TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2022.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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6
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Ivanov YP, Sarac B, Ketov SV, Eckert J, Greer AL. Direct Formation of Hard-Magnetic Tetrataenite in Bulk Alloy Castings. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 10:e2204315. [PMID: 36281692 PMCID: PMC9811435 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Currently, predominant high-performance permanent magnets contain rare-earth elements. In the search for rare-earth-free alternates, body-centered tetragonal Fe-Ni is notable. The ordering to form this phase from the usual cubic close-packed Fe-Ni is understood to be possible only below a critical temperature, commonly accepted to be 593 K. The ordering is first demonstrated by using neutron irradiation to accelerate atomic diffusion. The tetragonal phase, designated as the mineral tetrataenite, is found in Fe-based meteorites, its formation attributed to ultra-slow cooling. Despite many attempts with diverse approaches, bulk synthesis of tetrataenite has not been reported. Here it is shown that with appropriate alloy compositions, bulk synthesis of tetrataenite is possible, even in conventional casting at cooling rates 11-15 orders of magnitude higher than in meteorites. The barrier to obtaining tetrataenite (slow ordering from cubic close-packed to body-centered tetragonal) is circumvented, opening a processing window for potential rare-earth-free permanent magnets. The formation of tetrataenite on industrially practicable timescales also throws into question the interpretation of its formation in meteorites and their associated cooling rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurii P. Ivanov
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT)Via Morego, 30Genova16163Italy
| | - Baran Sarac
- Erich Schmid Institute of Materials ScienceAustrian Academy of SciencesLeoben8700Austria
| | - Sergey V. Ketov
- Erich Schmid Institute of Materials ScienceAustrian Academy of SciencesLeoben8700Austria
| | - Jürgen Eckert
- Erich Schmid Institute of Materials ScienceAustrian Academy of SciencesLeoben8700Austria
- Department of Materials ScienceMontanuniversität LeobenLeoben8700Austria
| | - A. Lindsay Greer
- Department of Materials Science & MetallurgyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB3 0FSUK
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7
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Chrobak A. High and Ultra-High Coercive Materials in Spring-Exchange Systems-Review, Simulations and Perspective. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6506. [PMID: 36233859 PMCID: PMC9573313 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The paper refers to the spring-exchange magnetic systems containing magnetically soft and hard phases. This work consists of two parts. The first part is a brief review of hard magnetic materials, with special attention paid to ultra-high coercive compounds, as well as selected spring-exchange systems. The second part is a theoretical discussion based on the Monte Carlo micromagnetic simulations about the possible enhancement of the hard magnetic properties of systems composed of magnetically soft, as well as high and ultra-high coercive, phases. As shown, the analyzed systems reveal the potential for improving the |BH|max parameter, filling the gap between conventional and Nd-based permanent magnets. Moreover, the carried-out simulations indicate the advantages and limitations of the spring-exchange composites, which could lead to a reduction in rare earth elements in permanent magnet applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Chrobak
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75-Pułku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland
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8
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Wang J, Hirayama Y, Liu Z, Suzuki K, Yamaguchi W, Park K, Takagi K, Kura H, Watanabe E, Ozaki K. Massive transformation in FeNi nanopowders with nanotwin-assisted nitridation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3679. [PMID: 35256662 PMCID: PMC8901742 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07479-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
L10-ordered FeNi alloy (tetrataenite), a promising candidate for rare-earth-free and low-cost permanent magnet applications, is attracting increasing attention from academic and industrial communities. Highly ordered single-phase L10-FeNi is difficult to synthesis efficiently because of its low chemical order–disorder transition temperature (200–320 °C). A non-equilibrium synthetic route utilizing a nitrogen topotactic reaction has been considered a valid approach, although the phase transformation mechanism is currently unknown. Herein, we investigated the basis of this reaction, namely the formation mechanism of the tetragonal FeNiN precursor phase during the nitridation of FeNi nanopowders. Detailed microstructure analysis revealed that the FeNiN precursor phase could preferentially nucleate at the nanotwinned region during nitridation and subsequently grow following a massive transformation, with high-index irrational orientation relationships and ledgewise growth motion detected at the migrating phase interface. This is the first report of a massive phase transformation detected in an Fe–Ni–N system and provides new insights into the phase transformation during the nitriding process. This work is expected to promote the synthetic optimization of fully ordered FeNi alloys for various magnetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Magnetic Powder Metallurgy Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 2266-98 Anagahora, Shimoshidami, Moriyama, Nagoya, 463-8560, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Hirayama
- Magnetic Powder Metallurgy Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 2266-98 Anagahora, Shimoshidami, Moriyama, Nagoya, 463-8560, Japan.
| | - Zheng Liu
- Innovative Functional Materials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 2266-98 Anagahora, Shimoshidami, Moriyama, Nagoya, 463-8560, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Suzuki
- Magnetic Powder Metallurgy Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 2266-98 Anagahora, Shimoshidami, Moriyama, Nagoya, 463-8560, Japan
| | - Wataru Yamaguchi
- Magnetic Powder Metallurgy Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 2266-98 Anagahora, Shimoshidami, Moriyama, Nagoya, 463-8560, Japan
| | - Kwangjae Park
- Magnetic Powder Metallurgy Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 2266-98 Anagahora, Shimoshidami, Moriyama, Nagoya, 463-8560, Japan
| | - Kenta Takagi
- Magnetic Powder Metallurgy Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 2266-98 Anagahora, Shimoshidami, Moriyama, Nagoya, 463-8560, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kura
- Advanced Research and Innovation Center, DENSO CORPORATION, 500-1, Minamiyama, Komenoki, Nisshin, Aichi, 470-0111, Japan
| | - Eiji Watanabe
- Advanced Research and Innovation Center, DENSO CORPORATION, 500-1, Minamiyama, Komenoki, Nisshin, Aichi, 470-0111, Japan
| | - Kimihiro Ozaki
- Magnetic Powder Metallurgy Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 2266-98 Anagahora, Shimoshidami, Moriyama, Nagoya, 463-8560, Japan
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9
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Matsumoto K, Sato R, Tatetsu Y, Takahata R, Yamazoe S, Yamauchi M, Inagaki Y, Horibe Y, Kudo M, Toriyama T, Auchi M, Haruta M, Kurata H, Teranishi T. Inter-element miscibility driven stabilization of ordered pseudo-binary alloy. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1047. [PMID: 35210441 PMCID: PMC8873263 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28710-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
An infinite number of crystal structures in a multicomponent alloy with a specific atomic ratio can be devised, although only thermodynamically-stable phases can be formed. Here, we experimentally show the first example of a layer-structured pseudo-binary alloy, theoretically called Z3-FePd3. This Z3 structure is achieved by adding a small amount of In, which is immiscible with Fe but miscible with Pd and consists of an alternate L10 (CuAu-type)-PdFePd trilayer and Pd-In ordered alloy monolayer along the c axis. First-principles calculations strongly support that the specific inter-element miscibility of In atoms stabilizes the thermodynamically-unstable Z3-FePd3 phase without significantly changing the original density of states of the Z3-FePd3 phase. Our results demonstrate that the specific inter-element miscibility can switch stable structures and manipulate the material nature with a slight composition change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenshi Matsumoto
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Ryota Sato
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yasutomi Tatetsu
- Center for Liberal Arts Education, Meio University, Biimata, Nago, Okinawa, 905-8585, Japan
| | - Ryo Takahata
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Seiji Yamazoe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Miho Yamauchi
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering (IMCE), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yuji Inagaki
- Department of Applied Quantum Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yoichi Horibe
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 1-1 Sensui, Tobata, Kitakyuushu, Fukuoka, 804-8550, Japan
| | - Masaki Kudo
- The Ultramicroscopy Research Center, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takaaki Toriyama
- The Ultramicroscopy Research Center, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Mitsunari Auchi
- The Ultramicroscopy Research Center, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Mitsutaka Haruta
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kurata
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Teranishi
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan.
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10
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Islam R, Borah JP. Large magnetic anisotropy in Co-Fe-Ni-N ordered structures: a first-principles study. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 34:095503. [PMID: 34918625 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac3f03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Material design of promising rare-earth free permanent magnet requires tailoring and controlling the intrinsic magnetic properties namely large saturation magnetizationμ0Ms, giant uniaxial magnetic anisotropyKu, and high Curie temperatureTC. Based on first-principles electronic structure calculations, we present a detailed analysis for the intrinsic magnetic properties of CoxFe1-xNi and CoxFe1-xNiN0.25ordered structures. We predict an enhanced structural stability with improvedKuranging from 1.53-2.29 MJ m-3for CoxFe1-xNiN0.25ordered structures, with the exception of CoNiN0.25having planar anisotropy. Detailed analysis of the predicted largeKu, based on perturbation theory and electronic structure calculations, is attributed to the cumulative effect of contribution from the increased tetragonal distortion and induced orbital distortion from the simultaneous Co substitution and interstitial N-doping. By tailoring theKu, we may create efficient and affordable PMs, bridging the gap between commonly used ferrite and high-performance Nd-Fe-B magnets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riyajul Islam
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Nagaland, Dimapur, Nagaland-797103, India
| | - J P Borah
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Nagaland, Dimapur, Nagaland-797103, India
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11
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Alloying effect on the order-disorder transformation in tetragonal FeNi. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5253. [PMID: 33664353 PMCID: PMC7933153 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84482-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetragonal ([Formula: see text]) FeNi is a promising material for high-performance rare-earth-free permanent magnets. Pure tetragonal FeNi is very difficult to synthesize due to its low chemical order-disorder transition temperature ([Formula: see text] K), and thus one must consider alternative non-equilibrium processing routes and alloy design strategies that make the formation of tetragonal FeNi feasible. In this paper, we investigate by density functional theory as implemented in the exact muffin-tin orbitals method whether alloying FeNi with a suitable element can have a positive impact on the phase formation and ordering properties while largely maintaining its attractive intrinsic magnetic properties. We find that small amount of non-magnetic (Al and Ti) or magnetic (Cr and Co) elements increase the order-disorder transition temperature. Adding Mo to the Co-doped system further enhances the ordering temperature while the Curie temperature is decreased only by a few degrees. Our results show that alloying is a viable route to stabilizing the ordered tetragonal phase of FeNi.
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12
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Singh P, Das D, Johnson DD, Arroyave R, Alam A. Effect of Pd alloying on structural, electronic and magnetic properties of L1 0Fe-Ni. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:154003. [PMID: 33296872 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abd1fb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We present a systematic study of the effect of Pd-alloying on phase stability, electronic structure, and elastic properties in L10Fe-Ni using density-functional theory. Being from the same group of the periodic table, Pd is the best candidate for chemical alloying. The Fe-Ni/Fe-Pd/Ni-Pd bond-length increases with increasing Pd-concentration, which weakens the hybridization between low lying energy states below Fermi-level. The reduced hybridization decreases the relative thermodynamic stability of L10Fe(Ni1-xPdx) untilx= 0.75. Beyond this concentration, the relative stability gets enhanced, which is attributed to a unique change in the lattice distortion (c/a). The elastic properties show a non-monotonous behavior as a function ofx, which is again due to a specific change-over in the uniaxial strain. We found that Pd alloying increases the local Fe moment and structural anisotropy of L10FeNi, which are important for applications such as microwave absorption, refrigeration systems, recording devices, imaging and sensors. We believe that the present study for the chemical alloying effect can provide critical insights toward the understanding of electronic-structure and elastic behavior of other technologically important materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Singh
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, IA 50011, United States of America
| | - Debashish Das
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Duane D Johnson
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, IA 50011, United States of America
- Materials Science & Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States of America
| | - Raymundo Arroyave
- Dept. of Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States of America
| | - Aftab Alam
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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13
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Abuchenari A, Sharifianjazi F, Pakseresht A, Pudineh M, Esmaeilkhanian A. Effect of aluminum on microstructural and magnetic properties of nanostructured (Fe85Ni15)97Al3 alloy produced via mechanical alloying. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2020.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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14
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Pressure effect on the order-disorder transformation in L1 0 FeNi. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14766. [PMID: 32901047 PMCID: PMC7478971 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71551-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The ordered phase of the FeNi system is known for its promising magnetic properties that make it a first-class rare-earth free permanent magnet. Mapping out the parameter space controlling the order-disorder transformation is an important step towards finding growth conditions that stabilize the [Formula: see text] phase of FeNi. In this work, we study the magnetic properties and chemical order-disorder transformation in FeNi as a function of lattice expansion by utilizing ab initio alloy theory. The largest volume expansion considered here is 29% which corresponds to a pressure of [Formula: see text] GPa. The thermodynamic and magnetic calculations are formulated in terms of a long-range order parameter, which is subsequently used to find the ordering temperature as a function of pressure. We show that negative pressure promotes ordering, meaning that synthetic routes involving an increase of the volume of FeNi are expected to expand the stability field of the [Formula: see text] phase.
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Kurichenko VL, Karpenkov DY, Gostischev PA. Micromagnetic modelling of nanorods array-based L1 0-FeNi/SmCo 5exchange-coupled composites. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 32:405806. [PMID: 32575095 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab9f52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Exchange-coupled nanocomposites are considered as the most promising materials for production of high-energy performance permanent magnets, which can exceed neodymium ones in terms of energy product. In this work, micromagnetic simulations of L10-FeNi/SmCo5composites based on the initially anisotropic structure of nanorods array were performed. Texturing effect on magnetic properties was investigated. It was revealed that even 30% of anisotropy axes misalignment of grains in L10-FeNi phase would lead to only ≈10% drop of coercivity. To maximize magnetic properties of the composites, parameters of microstructure were optimized for 120 × 120 array of interacting nanorods and were found to be 40 nm nanorod diameter and 12-20 nm interrod distance. The estimated diameter of nanorods and the packing density of the array provide energy product values of 149 kJ m-3. Influence of interrod distance on energy product values was explored. Approaches for production of exchange-coupled composites based on anisotropic nanostructures were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- V L Kurichenko
- National University of Science and Technology 'MISIS', Leninskiy prospect, 4, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - D Yu Karpenkov
- National University of Science and Technology 'MISIS', Leninskiy prospect, 4, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - P A Gostischev
- L.A.S.E.-Laboratory for Advanced Solar Energy, National University of Science and Technology 'MISIS', Leninskiy prospect 6, Moscow, 119049, Russia
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Flores-Livas JA. Crystal structure prediction of magnetic materials. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 32:294002. [PMID: 32155593 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab7e54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We present a methodology to predict magnetic systems using ab initio methods. By employing crystal structure method and spin-polarized calculations, we explore the relation between crystalline structures and their magnetic properties. In this work, testbed cases of transition metal alloys (FeCr, FeMn, FeCo and FeNi) are study in the ferromagnetic case. We find soft-magnetic properties for FeCr, FeMn while for FeCo and FeNi hard-magnetic are predicted. In particular, for the family of FeNi, a candidate structure with energy lower than the tetrataenite was found. The structure has a saturation magnetization (M s) of 1.2 MA m-1, magnetic anisotropy energy (MAE) above 1200 kJ m-3 and hardness value close to 1. Theoretically, this system made of abundant elements could be the right candidate for permanent magnet applications. Comparing with the state-of-the-art (Nd2Fe14B) hard-magnet, (M s of 1.28 MA m-1 and MAE of 4900 kJ m-3) is appealing to explore this low energy polymorph of FeNi further. Considering the relatively limited number of magnets, predicting a new system may open routes for free rare-earth magnets. Furthermore, the use of the computational algorithm as the one presented in this work, hold promises in this field for which in near future improvements will allow to study numerous complex systems, larger simulations cells and tackled long-range antiferromagnetic cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Flores-Livas
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
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Belozerov AS, Katanin AA, Anisimov VI. Electronic correlation effects and local magnetic moments in L1 0phase of FeNi. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 32:385601. [PMID: 32608359 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab9566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We study the electronic and magnetic properties of L10phase of FeNi, a perspective rare-earth-free permanent magnet, by using a combination of density functional and dynamical mean-field theory. Although L10FeNi has a slightly tetragonally distorted fcc lattice, we find that magnetic properties of its constituent Fe atoms resemble those in pure bcc Fe. In particular, our results indicate the presence of well-localized magnetic moments on Fe sites, which are formed due to Hund's exchange. At the same time, magnetism of Ni sites is much more itinerant. Similarly to pure bcc Fe, the self-energy of Fe 3d states is found to show the non-Fermi-liquid behavior. This can be explained by peculiarities of density of Fe 3d states, which has pronounced peaks near the Fermi level. Our study of local spin correlation function and momentum dependence of particle-hole bubble suggests that the magnetic exchange in this substance is expected to be of RKKY-type, with iron states providing local-moment contribution, and the states corresponding to nickel sites (including virtual hopping to iron sites) providing itinerant contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Belozerov
- M. N. Miheev Institute of Metal Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 620108 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - A A Katanin
- M. N. Miheev Institute of Metal Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 620108 Yekaterinburg, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - V I Anisimov
- M. N. Miheev Institute of Metal Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 620108 Yekaterinburg, Russia
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 121205 Moscow, Russia
- Ural Federal University, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
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Density Functional Theory description of the order-disorder transformation in Fe-Ni. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8172. [PMID: 31160612 PMCID: PMC6546697 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44506-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The thermodynamic ordering transformation of tetragonal FeNi system is investigated by the Exact Muffin-Tin Orbitals (EMTO) method. The tetragonal distortion of the unit cell is taken into account and the free energy is calculated as a function of long-range order and includes the configurational, vibrational, electronic and magnetic contributions. We find that both configurational and vibrational effects are important and that the vibrational effect lowers the predicted transformation temperature by about 480 K compared to the value obtained merely from the configurational free energy. The predicted temperature is in excellent agreement with the experimental value when all contributions are taken into account. We also perform spin dynamics calculations for the magnetic transition temperature and find it to be in agreement with the experiments. The present research opens new opportunities for quantum-mechanical engineering of the chemical and magnetic ordering in tetrataenite.
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Abstract
Meteorites contain a record of their thermal and magnetic history, written in the intergrowths of iron-rich and nickel-rich phases that formed during slow cooling. Of intense interest from a magnetic perspective is the "cloudy zone," a nanoscale intergrowth containing tetrataenite-a naturally occurring hard ferromagnetic mineral that has potential applications as a sustainable alternative to rare-earth permanent magnets. Here we use a combination of high-resolution electron diffraction, electron tomography, atom probe tomography (APT), and micromagnetic simulations to reveal the 3D architecture of the cloudy zone with subnanometer spatial resolution and model the mechanism of remanence acquisition during slow cooling on the meteorite parent body. Isolated islands of tetrataenite are embedded in a matrix of an ordered superstructure. The islands are arranged in clusters of three crystallographic variants, which control how magnetic information is encoded into the nanostructure. The cloudy zone acquires paleomagnetic remanence via a sequence of magnetic domain state transformations (vortex to two domain to single domain), driven by Fe-Ni ordering at 320 °C. Rather than remanence being recorded at different times at different positions throughout the cloudy zone, each subregion of the cloudy zone records a coherent snapshot of the magnetic field that was present at 320 °C. Only the coarse and intermediate regions of the cloudy zone are found to be suitable for paleomagnetic applications. The fine regions, on the other hand, have properties similar to those of rare-earth permanent magnets, providing potential routes to synthetic tetrataenite-based magnetic materials.
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Giannopoulos G, Barucca G, Kaidatzis A, Psycharis V, Salikhov R, Farle M, Koutsouflakis E, Niarchos D, Mehta A, Scuderi M, Nicotra G, Spinella C, Laureti S, Varvaro G. L1 0-FeNi films on Au-Cu-Ni buffer-layer: a high-throughput combinatorial study. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15919. [PMID: 30374113 PMCID: PMC6206008 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34296-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The fct L10-FeNi alloy is a promising candidate for the development of high performance critical-elements-free magnetic materials. Among the different materials, the Au-Cu-Ni alloy has resulted very promising; however, a detailed investigation of the effect of the buffer-layer composition on the formation of the hard FeNi phase is still missing. To accelerate the search of the best Au-Cu-Ni composition, a combinatorial approach based on High-Throughput (HT) experimental methods has been exploited in this paper. HT magnetic characterization methods revealed the presence of a hard magnetic phase with an out-of-plane easy-axis, whose coercivity increases from 0.49 kOe up to 1.30 kOe as the Au content of the Cu-Au-Ni buffer-layer decreases. Similarly, the out-of-plane magneto-crystalline anisotropy energy density increases from 0.12 to 0.35 MJ/m3. This anisotropy is attributed to the partial formation of the L10 FeNi phase induced by the buffer-layer. In the range of compositions we investigated, the buffer-layer structure does not change significantly and the modulation of the magnetic properties with the Au content in the combinatorial layer is mainly related to the different nature and extent of interlayer diffusion processes, which have a great impact on the formation and order degree of the L10 FeNi phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Giannopoulos
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR Demokritos, Athens, Greece.
| | - G Barucca
- Università Politecnica delle Marche, Dipartimento SIMAU, Via Brecce Bianche 12, Ancona, 60131, Italy.
| | - A Kaidatzis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR Demokritos, Athens, Greece
| | - V Psycharis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR Demokritos, Athens, Greece
| | - R Salikhov
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
- Zavoisky Physical-Technical Institute, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 420029, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - M Farle
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
- Center for Functionalized Magnetic Materials (FunMagMa), Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
| | - E Koutsouflakis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR Demokritos, Athens, Greece
| | - D Niarchos
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR Demokritos, Athens, Greece
| | - A Mehta
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory- Stanford University, Menlo Park, California, USA
| | - M Scuderi
- IMM-CNR, VII strada 5, 95121, Catania, Italy
| | - G Nicotra
- IMM-CNR, VII strada 5, 95121, Catania, Italy
| | - C Spinella
- IMM-CNR, VII strada 5, 95121, Catania, Italy
| | - S Laureti
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, CNR, Monterotondo Scalo, Roma, Italy
| | - G Varvaro
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, CNR, Monterotondo Scalo, Roma, Italy
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Mohapatra J, Liu JP. Rare-Earth-Free Permanent Magnets: The Past and Future. HANDBOOK OF MAGNETIC MATERIALS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.hmm.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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