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The number of the intraepithelial T cells correlate with the proliferation index in human bulbourethral gland epithelium. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11658. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Alsaleh L, Li C, Couetil JL, Ye Z, Huang K, Zhang J, Chen C, Johnson TS. Spatial Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Associations between Genes and Cellular Topology in Breast and Prostate Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4856. [PMID: 36230778 PMCID: PMC9562681 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide with breast and prostate cancer the most common among women and men, respectively. Gene expression and image features are independently prognostic of patient survival; but until the advent of spatial transcriptomics (ST), it was not possible to determine how gene expression of cells was tied to their spatial relationships (i.e., topology). METHODS We identify topology-associated genes (TAGs) that correlate with 700 image topological features (ITFs) in breast and prostate cancer ST samples. Genes and image topological features are independently clustered and correlated with each other. Themes among genes correlated with ITFs are investigated by functional enrichment analysis. RESULTS Overall, topology-associated genes (TAG) corresponding to extracellular matrix (ECM) and Collagen Type I Trimer gene ontology terms are common to both prostate and breast cancer. In breast cancer specifically, we identify the ZAG-PIP Complex as a TAG. In prostate cancer, we identify distinct TAGs that are enriched for GI dysmotility and the IgA immunoglobulin complex. We identified TAGs in every ST slide regardless of cancer type. CONCLUSIONS These TAGs are enriched for ontology terms, illustrating the biological relevance to our image topology features and their potential utility in diagnostic and prognostic models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujain Alsaleh
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Justin L. Couetil
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Ze Ye
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Kun Huang
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Regenstrief Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Travis S. Johnson
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Silva JAF, Calmasini F, Siqueira-Berti A, Moraes-Vieira PMM, Quintar A, Carvalho HF. Prostate immunology: A challenging puzzle. J Reprod Immunol 2020; 142:103190. [PMID: 32853844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2020.103190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mucosal immunity defines the relationship of surfaces in contact with the environment and integrates diverse tissues such as epidermis, gum, nose, gut, uterus and prostate with the immune system. Although considered part of a system, each mucosa presents specific immune features beyond the barrier and secretory functions. Information regarding the mucosal immunology of the male reproductive tract and the prostate gland in particular is scarce. In this review, we approach the prostate as an epithelial barrier and as part of the mucosal immune system. Finally, we also raise a series of questions that will improve the understanding of this gland, its role in reproduction and its sensitivity/resistance to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliete Aparecida F Silva
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Calmasini
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline Siqueira-Berti
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Pedro M M Moraes-Vieira
- Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, State University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Amado Quintar
- Centro de Microscopía Electrónica, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Hernandes F Carvalho
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology of Photonics Applied to Cell Biology - INFABiC, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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