HIDEEP: a systems approach to predict hormone impacts on drug efficacy based on effect paths

HormoNet: a deep learning approach for hormone-drug interaction prediction

Several experimental evidences have shown that the human endogenous hormones can interact with drugs in many ways and affect drug efficacy. The hormone drug interactions (HDI) are essential for drug treatment and precision medicine; therefore, it is essential to understand the hormone-drug associations. Here, we present HormoNet to predict the HDI pairs and their risk level by integrating features derived from hormone and drug target proteins. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the first attempts to employ deep learning approach for prediction of HDI prediction. Amino acid composition and pseudo amino acid composition were applied to represent target information using 30 physicochemical and conformational properties of the proteins. To handle the imbalance problem in the data, we applied synthetic minority over-sampling technique technique. Additionally, we constructed novel datasets for HDI prediction and the risk level of their interaction. HormoNet achieved high performance on our constructed hormone-drug benchmark datasets. The results provide insights into the understanding of the relationship between hormone and a drug, and indicate the potential benefit of reducing risk levels of interactions in designing more effective therapies for patients in drug treatments. Our benchmark datasets and the source codes for HormoNet are available in: https://github.com/EmamiNeda/HormoNet .

A case for seeking sex-specific treatments in Alzheimer's disease

There is no satisfactory explanation for the sex-related differences in the incidence of many diseases and this is also true of Alzheimer's disease (AD), where females have a higher lifetime risk of developing the disease and make up about two thirds of the AD patient population. The importance of understanding the cause(s) that account for this disproportionate distribution cannot be overestimated, and is likely to be a significant factor in the search for therapeutic strategies that will combat the disease and, furthermore, potentially point to a sex-targeted approach to treatment. This review considers the literature in the context of what is known about the impact of sex on processes targeted by drugs that are in clinical trial for AD, and existing knowledge on differing responses of males and females to these drugs. Current knowledge strongly supports the view that trials should make assessing sex-related difference in responses a priority with a focus on exploring the sex-stratified treatments.

Amisulpride steady-state plasma concentration and adverse reactions in patients with schizophrenia: a study based on therapeutic drug monitoring data

The aim of the study was to evaluate the reference range of amisulpride for Chinese patients with schizophrenia and to assess its possible influencing factors based on therapeutic drug monitoring information. The relative adverse reactions of patients induced by amisulpride were also systematically investigated. A total of 425 patients with schizophrenia were assessed, including Positive and Negative Syndrome Scales, Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale, blood routine examination, hepatorenal function, lipids, hormones, as well as myocardial enzymes at baseline, and following treatment with amisulpride for 8 weeks. The steady-state plasma concentration of amisulpride was assayed using two-dimensional liquid chromatography. At the same dose, the amisulpride plasma concentration of patients combined with clozapine was higher than that without clozapine. The therapeutic reference range of amisulpride can be defined as 230.3-527.1 ng/ml for Chinese patients with schizophrenia. The potential side effects appear to be associated with significantly increased levels of LDH, CK, creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), TC and decreased level of E 2 , relative to the amisulpride plasma concentration. These findings could provide individualized medication and reduce the adverse effects of amisulpride for Chinese patients with schizophrenia.