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Andrialovanirina N, Poloni L, Laffont R, Poisson Caillault É, Couette S, Mahé K. 3D meshes dataset of sagittal otoliths from red mullet in the Mediterranean Sea. Sci Data 2024; 11:813. [PMID: 39043651 PMCID: PMC11266348 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-03641-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper presents a dataset of 3D sagittal left otolith meshes from 339 individual red mullet (Mullus barbatus). These immature specimens were collected from 17 geographical areas covering the entire Mediterranean Sea. Measured biological parameters were: fish total length (TL ± 1 mm, range from 125 to 238 mm), total weight (W ± 0.1 g, range from 14.9 to 168.0 g), sex (S), sexual maturity staging (Mat). The 3D otolith dataset comprises high-resolution meshes of otoliths obtained using microtomography (29.2 μm voxel size). The data offer valuable insights into the morphological variability and population structure of red mullet populations in the Mediterranean Sea. Potential applications of the dataset include age determination, stock identification, and population connectivity analysis. These applications aim to enhance the understanding of red mullet populations and contribute to the sustainable management of marine resources in the Mediterranean Sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Andrialovanirina
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, UR 4491, LISIC, Calais, F-62100, France.
- Ifremer, Unité HMMN, Laboratoires Ressources Halieutiques, 150 quai Gambetta, Boulogne-sur-Mer, 62321, France.
| | - Lauriane Poloni
- École Pratique des Hautes Études, PSL Université, Paris, 75014, France
- UMR CNRS 6282 Biogéosciences, Université de Bourgogne, 6 Bd Gabriel, Dijon, 21000, France
| | - Rémi Laffont
- UMR CNRS 6282 Biogéosciences, Université de Bourgogne, 6 Bd Gabriel, Dijon, 21000, France
| | | | - Sébastien Couette
- École Pratique des Hautes Études, PSL Université, Paris, 75014, France
- UMR CNRS 6282 Biogéosciences, Université de Bourgogne, 6 Bd Gabriel, Dijon, 21000, France
| | - Kélig Mahé
- Ifremer, Unité HMMN, Laboratoires Ressources Halieutiques, 150 quai Gambetta, Boulogne-sur-Mer, 62321, France.
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2
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Veith J, Chaigne T, Svanidze A, Dressler LE, Hoffmann M, Gerhardt B, Judkewitz B. The mechanism for directional hearing in fish. Nature 2024; 631:118-124. [PMID: 38898274 PMCID: PMC11222163 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07507-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Locating sound sources such as prey or predators is critical for survival in many vertebrates. Terrestrial vertebrates locate sources by measuring the time delay and intensity difference of sound pressure at each ear1-5. Underwater, however, the physics of sound makes interaural cues very small, suggesting that directional hearing in fish should be nearly impossible6. Yet, directional hearing has been confirmed behaviourally, although the mechanisms have remained unknown for decades. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain this remarkable ability, including the possibility that fish evolved an extreme sensitivity to minute interaural differences or that fish might compare sound pressure with particle motion signals7,8. However, experimental challenges have long hindered a definitive explanation. Here we empirically test these models in the transparent teleost Danionella cerebrum, one of the smallest vertebrates9,10. By selectively controlling pressure and particle motion, we dissect the sensory algorithm underlying directional acoustic startles. We find that both cues are indispensable for this behaviour and that their relative phase controls its direction. Using micro-computed tomography and optical vibrometry, we further show that D. cerebrum has the sensory structures to implement this mechanism. D. cerebrum shares these structures with more than 15% of living vertebrate species, suggesting a widespread mechanism for inferring sound direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Veith
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Biologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Chaigne
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Med, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
| | - Ana Svanidze
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lena Elisa Dressler
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Museum für Naturkunde Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maximilian Hoffmann
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ben Gerhardt
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Biologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin Judkewitz
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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3
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Chapuis L, Yopak KE, Radford CA. From the morphospace to the soundscape: Exploring the diversity and functional morphology of the fish inner ear, with a focus on elasmobranchsa). THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2023; 154:1526-1538. [PMID: 37695297 DOI: 10.1121/10.0020850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Fishes, including elasmobranchs (sharks, rays, and skates), present an astonishing diversity in inner ear morphologies; however, the functional significance of these variations and how they confer auditory capacity is yet to be resolved. The relationship between inner ear structure and hearing performance is unclear, partly because most of the morphological and biomechanical mechanisms that underlie the hearing functions are complex and poorly known. Here, we present advanced opportunities to document discontinuities in the macroevolutionary trends of a complex biological form, like the inner ear, and test hypotheses regarding what factors may be driving morphological diversity. Three-dimensional (3D) bioimaging, geometric morphometrics, and finite element analysis are methods that can be combined to interrogate the structure-to-function links in elasmobranch fish inner ears. In addition, open-source 3D morphology datasets, advances in phylogenetic comparative methods, and methods for the analysis of highly multidimensional shape data have leveraged these opportunities. Questions that can be explored with this toolkit are identified, the different methods are justified, and remaining challenges are highlighted as avenues for future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Chapuis
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TQ, United Kingdom
| | - K E Yopak
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, Centre for Marine Science, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403, USA
| | - C A Radford
- Leigh Marine Laboratory, Institute of Marine Science, University of Auckland, Leigh 0985, New Zealand
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4
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Wei C, McCauley RD. Numerical modeling of the impacts of acoustic stimulus on fish otoliths from two directions. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2022; 152:3226. [PMID: 36586842 DOI: 10.1121/10.0016359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Previous experiments have shown (1) evidence that exposure to high-intensity sounds (e.g., air-gun signals) may cause damage to the sensory hair cells of the fish ears and impair fish hearing and (2) evidence that in some circumstances such exposures cause minimal structural damage. The contradictory results regarding the damage accrued suggested that the angle of sound energy arrivals at the fish ears may play a part in the propensity of the sound to cause damage to sensory hair cells. To further study this and gain insight into specific details of the differential motion of the otolith relative to the sensory macula when incident sounds arrive from different directions, three-dimensional finite element models were constructed based on the micro-computed tomography imaging of the sagittal otoliths of the bight redfish (Centroberyx gerrardi). We used the models to study the response of fish sagittal otoliths to sounds arriving from horizontal and vertical directions. Sound pressure levels, relative displacement, acceleration, and shear stress of the otoliths and/or otolith-water boundary were calculated and compared. The results suggest that the angle of sound energy arrivals at the otoliths and the geometry of the otolith lead to different magnitudes of the differential motion between the macula and otoliths, with sound arriving in the vertical potentially creating more damage than the same sound arriving from the horizontal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Wei
- Centre for Marine Science and Technology, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia
| | - Robert D McCauley
- Centre for Marine Science and Technology, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia
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5
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Smith ME, Accomando AW, Bowman V, Casper BM, Dahl PH, Jenkins AK, Kotecki S, Popper AN. Physical effects of sound exposure from underwater explosions on Pacific mackerel (Scomber japonicus): Effects on the inner ear. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2022; 152:733. [PMID: 36050166 DOI: 10.1121/10.0012991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Studies of the effects of sounds from underwater explosions on fishes have not included examination of potential effects on the ear. Caged Pacific mackerel (Scomber japonicus) located at seven distances (between approximately 35 and 800 m) from a single detonation of 4.5 kg of C4 explosives were exposed. After fish were recovered from the cages, the sensory epithelia of the saccular region of the inner ears were prepared and then examined microscopically. The number of hair cell (HC) ciliary bundles was counted at ten preselected 2500 μm2 regions. HCs were significantly reduced in fish exposed to the explosion as compared to the controls. The extent of these differences varied by saccular region, with damage greater in the rostral and caudal ends and minimal in the central region. The extent of effect also varied in animals at different distances from the explosion, with damage occurring in fish as far away as 400 m. While extrapolation to other species and other conditions (e.g., depth, explosive size, and distance) must be performed with extreme caution, the effects of explosive sounds should be considered when environmental impacts are estimated for marine projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Smith
- Department of Biology, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, Kentucky 42101, USA
| | | | - Victoria Bowman
- Naval Information Warfare Center Pacific, San Diego, California 92152, USA
| | - Brandon M Casper
- Naval Submarine Medical Research Laboratory, Groton, Connecticut 06349, USA
| | - Peter H Dahl
- Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - A Keith Jenkins
- Naval Information Warfare Center Pacific, San Diego, California 92152, USA
| | - Sarah Kotecki
- Naval Information Warfare Center Pacific, San Diego, California 92152, USA
| | - Arthur N Popper
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
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6
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Palazzo Q, Stagioni M, Raaijmakers S, Belleman RG, Prada F, Hammel JU, Fermani S, Kaandorp J, Goffredo S, Falini G. Multiscale analysis on otolith structural features reveals differences in ontogenesis and sex in Merluccius merluccius in the western Adriatic Sea. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2022; 9:211943. [PMID: 35620014 PMCID: PMC9114930 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.211943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Otolith biomineralization results from biochemical processes regulated by the interaction of internal (physiological) and external (environmental) factors which lead to morphological and ultrastructural variability at intra- and interspecific levels. The aim of this study was to conduct a multi-scale analysis of the sagittal otoliths of the Merlucius merlucius (European hake) from the western Adriatic Sea in order to correlate otolith features with fish ontogeny and sex. We show that otoliths of sexually undifferentiated (non-sexed) individuals having a fish body total length (TL) less than 15 cm had faster growth in length, width, area, perimeter, volume and weight and a higher amount of organic matrix compared with otoliths of sexually differentiated individuals (females and males) having a fish size range of 15-50 cm. Most importantly, with increasing fish TL, female saccular otoliths contained a higher number of protuberances and rougher surface compared with male specimens, which showed more uniform mean curvature density. The differences between females and males discovered in this study could be associated with fish hearing adaptation to reproductive behavioural strategies during the spawning season. The outcomes of this research provide insights on how size and sex-related variations in otolith features may be affected by fish ecological and behavioural patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinzia Palazzo
- Department of Chemistry ‘Giacomo Ciamician’, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Fano Marine Center, The Inter-Institute Center for Research on Marine Biodiversity, Resources and Biotechnologies, Viale Adriatico 1/N 61032 Fano, Italy
| | - Marco Stagioni
- Laboratory of Fisheries and Marine Biology at Fano, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Adriatico 1/N, 61032, Fano, Italy
| | - Steven Raaijmakers
- Computational Science Lab, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert G. Belleman
- Computational Science Lab, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fiorella Prada
- Marine Science Group, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Fano Marine Center, The Inter-Institute Center for Research on Marine Biodiversity, Resources and Biotechnologies, Viale Adriatico 1/N 61032 Fano, Italy
| | - Jörg U. Hammel
- Institute of Materials Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Max-Planck-Straße 1, Geesthacht, D-21502, Germany
| | - Simona Fermani
- Department of Chemistry ‘Giacomo Ciamician’, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- CIRI Health Sciences and Technologies (HST), University of Bologna, I-40064 Bologna, Italy
| | - Jaap Kaandorp
- Computational Science Lab, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stefano Goffredo
- Marine Science Group, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Fano Marine Center, The Inter-Institute Center for Research on Marine Biodiversity, Resources and Biotechnologies, Viale Adriatico 1/N 61032 Fano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Falini
- Department of Chemistry ‘Giacomo Ciamician’, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Fano Marine Center, The Inter-Institute Center for Research on Marine Biodiversity, Resources and Biotechnologies, Viale Adriatico 1/N 61032 Fano, Italy
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7
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Maiditsch IP, Ladich F, Heß M, Schlepütz CM, Schulz-Mirbach T. Revealing sound-induced motion patterns in fish hearing structures in 4D: a standing wave tube-like setup designed for high-resolution time-resolved tomography. J Exp Biol 2022; 225:273722. [PMID: 34904652 PMCID: PMC8778803 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.243614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Modern bony fishes possess a high morphological diversity in their auditory structures and auditory capabilities. Yet, how auditory structures such as the otoliths in the inner ears and the swim bladder work together remains elusive. Gathering experimental evidence on the in situ motion of fish auditory structures while avoiding artifacts caused by surgical exposure of the structures has been challenging for decades. Synchrotron radiation-based tomography with high spatio-temporal resolution allows the study of morphofunctional issues non-invasively in an unprecedented way. We therefore aimed to develop an approach that characterizes the moving structures in 4D (=three spatial dimensions+time). We designed a miniature standing wave tube-like setup to meet both the requirements of tomography and those of tank acoustics. With this new setup, we successfully visualized the motion of isolated otoliths and the auditory structures in zebrafish (Danio rerio) and glass catfish (Kryptopterus vitreolus). Summary: To characterize the sound-induced motion of fish auditory structures in 4D, we developed a tomography-compatible standing wave tube-like setup and thereby demonstrated the previously hypothesized rotational motion of otophysan sagittae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle P Maiditsch
- University of Vienna, Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Biology, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Friedrich Ladich
- University of Vienna, Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Biology, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Heß
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Department Biology II, Planegg-Martinsried, 82152Germany
| | | | - Tanja Schulz-Mirbach
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), Department Biology II, Planegg-Martinsried, 82152Germany
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8
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Zhang XH, Tao Y, Zhou YL, Tang LG, Liu M, Xu XM. Acoustic Properties of the Otolith of the Large Yellow Croaker Larimichthys crocea (Perciformes: Sciaenidae). Zool Stud 2021; 60:e64. [PMID: 35665089 PMCID: PMC9121364 DOI: 10.6620/zs.2021.60-64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The inner ears of fish contain three pairs of otoliths-lapilli, asterisci and sagittae-which play important roles in hearing and balance. However, acoustic properties and dynamic responses of fish otoliths are poorly understood. The large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea), like many species in the family Sciaenidae, is extremely sensitive to sound. The present study used L. crocea sagittae as the research subject and examined the variation in shear stress on sagittae under different acoustic stimuli. For the first time, the sound speed of the sagitta was measured using ultrasonic pulse-echo techniques, and the acoustic impedance and natural frequency of the sagitta were calculated. Larimichthys crocea adults (20-22 cm standard length, n = 10) had a sagitta density of 2781.5 ± 28.06 kg/m3, sound speed of 4828-6000 m/s and acoustic impedance range of 13.4-16.7 MPa·s/m, approximately 9-11 times that of seawater (1.48 MPa·s/m). The natural frequency of the sagitta was 76.4-95.5 kHz. The shape and structural details of sagittae were reconstructed by 3D scanner and the shear stress responses of sagittae under different acoustic stimulus were investigated based on a finite element model. The simulation results showed that the shear stress responses tended to increase and then decrease in the range of sciaenid hearing frequency from 200 to 1300 Hz, peaking at 800 Hz. The shear stress responses varied with the direction of acoustic stimulus and peaked when the incident direction was perpendicular to the inner surface of the otolith. These results provide important parameters that may be used to protect L. crocea from possible underwater noise damage, particularly during their spawning aggregations and over-wintering aggregations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Hai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Communication and Marine Information Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China. E-mail: (Tao); (Zhang); (Zhou); (Tang); (Xu)
| | - Yi Tao
- Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Communication and Marine Information Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China. E-mail: (Tao); (Zhang); (Zhou); (Tang); (Xu)
| | - Yang-Liang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Communication and Marine Information Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China. E-mail: (Tao); (Zhang); (Zhou); (Tang); (Xu)
| | - Li-Guo Tang
- Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Communication and Marine Information Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China. E-mail: (Tao); (Zhang); (Zhou); (Tang); (Xu)
| | - Min Liu
- Dongshan Swire Marine Station, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China. E-mail: (Liu)
| | - Xiao-Mei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Communication and Marine Information Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China. E-mail: (Tao); (Zhang); (Zhou); (Tang); (Xu)
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9
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Congruent geographic variation in saccular otolith shape across multiple species of African cichlids. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12820. [PMID: 32733082 PMCID: PMC7393159 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69701-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The otoliths of teleost fishes exhibit a great deal of inter- and intra-species shape variation. The ecomorphology of the saccular otolith is often studied by comparing its shape across species and populations inhabiting a range of environments. However, formal tests are often lacking to examine how closely variation in otolith shape follows the genetic drift of a neutral trait. Here, we examine patterns of saccular otolith shape variation in four species of African cichlid fishes, each sampled from three field sites. All four species showed the greatest level of otolith shape variation along two principal component axes, one pertaining to otolith height and another to the prominence of an anterior notch. Fish collected from the same site possessed similarities in saccular otolith shape relative to fish from other sites, and these ‘site-difference’ signatures were consistent across species and observable in both sexes. Sex-differences in saccular otolith shape differed in magnitude from site to site. Population differences in saccular otolith shape did not covary with neutral genetic differentiation between those populations. Otolith height, in particular, displayed large site similarities across species, weak correlation with neutral genetic variation, and strong sex differences, collectively suggesting that otolith shape represents a selectively non-neutral trait.
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10
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Vignon M, Aymes JC. Functional effect of vaterite - the presence of an alternative crystalline structure in otoliths alters escape kinematics of the brown trout. J Exp Biol 2020; 223:jeb222034. [PMID: 32414874 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.222034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The fast-start escape response is the main locomotor behaviour observed in fish to evade predatory attacks and thereby increase their probability of survival. Thus far, this high-speed sensory motor control has been extensively studied in relation to extrinsic factors. In contrast, there has been surprisingly little consideration of intrinsic individual factors that can mediate sensorial perception, such as inter-individual variability in mechanosensory systems. The inner ear of teleost fishes is composed of otoliths that play an important role in hearing and balance functions. While sagittal otoliths are normally composed of aragonite in many fish species, the inclusion of vaterite (an abnormal crystalline structure) has been reported in a number of individuals from different environments. There is currently strong theoretical and empirical evidence that vaterite deposition has a negative impact on auditory sensitivity in fishes. While the functional/behavioural implications of this defect on otolith-related hearing function has been hypothesised, it has remained largely untested experimentally. Here, using juvenile (0+ years) Salmo trutta originating from the wild in experimental conditions, we report for the first time that the deposition of calcium carbonate in its crystalline vateritic polymorph has significant pervasive effects on the escape kinematics of fish. The presence of an alternative crystalline structure in otoliths is likely to alter fish behaviour in ways that decrease survival. We also report that altered behaviour in individuals with vateritic otoliths is partially compensated for by the presence of a functional lateral line. Such functional compensation suggests more slight consequences, if any, in the wild.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Vignon
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, e2s UPPA, INRAE, ECOBIOP, Collège STEE, 64600 Anglet, France
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, e2s UPPA, INRAE, ECOBIOP, Aquapôle INRAE, 64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Aymes
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, e2s UPPA, INRAE, ECOBIOP, Aquapôle INRAE, 64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
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11
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Auditory chain reaction: Effects of sound pressure and particle motion on auditory structures in fishes. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230578. [PMID: 32218605 PMCID: PMC7100961 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the diversity in fish auditory structures, it remains elusive how otolith morphology and swim bladder-inner ear (= otophysic) connections affect otolith motion and inner ear stimulation. A recent study visualized sound-induced otolith motion; but tank acoustics revealed a complex mixture of sound pressure and particle motion. To separate sound pressure and sound-induced particle motion, we constructed a transparent standing wave tube-like tank equipped with an inertial shaker at each end while using X-ray phase contrast imaging. Driving the shakers in phase resulted in maximised sound pressure at the tank centre, whereas particle motion was maximised when shakers were driven out of phase (180°). We studied the effects of two types of otophysic connections-i.e. the Weberian apparatus (Carassius auratus) and anterior swim bladder extensions contacting the inner ears (Etroplus canarensis)-on otolith motion when fish were subjected to a 200 Hz stimulus. Saccular otolith motion was more pronounced when the swim bladder walls oscillated under the maximised sound pressure condition. The otolith motion patterns mainly matched the orientation patterns of ciliary bundles on the sensory epithelia. Our setup enabled the characterization of the interplay between the auditory structures and provided first experimental evidence of how different types of otophysic connections affect otolith motion.
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12
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Lin CH, De Gracia B, Pierotti MER, Andrews AH, Griswold K, O’Dea A. Reconstructing reef fish communities using fish otoliths in coral reef sediments. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218413. [PMID: 31199853 PMCID: PMC6568422 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about long-term changes in coral reef fish communities. Here we present a new technique that leverages fish otoliths in reef sediments to reconstruct coral reef fish communities. We found over 5,400 otoliths in 169 modern and mid-Holocene bulk samples from Caribbean Panama and Dominican Republic mid-Holocene and modern reefs, demonstrating otoliths are abundant in reef sediments. With a specially-built reference collection, we were able to assign over 4,400 otoliths to one of 56 taxa (35 families) though mostly at genus and family level. Many otoliths were from juvenile fishes for which identification is challenging. Richness (by rarefaction) of otolith assemblages was slightly higher in modern than mid-Holocene reefs, but further analyses are required to elucidate the underlying causes. We compared the living fish communities, sampled using icthyocide, with the sediment otolith assemblages on four reefs finding the otolith assemblages faithfully capture the general composition of the living fish communities. Radiocarbon dating performed directly on the otoliths suggests that relatively little mixing of sediment layers particularly on actively accreting branching coral reefs. All otolith assemblages were strongly dominated by small, fast-turnover fish taxa and juvenile individuals, and our exploration on taxonomy, functional ecology and taphonomy lead us to the conclusion that intense predation is likely the most important process for otolith accumulation in reef sediments. We conclude that otolith assemblages in modern and fossil reef sediments can provide a powerful tool to explore ecological changes in reef fish communities over time and space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Hsiang Lin
- Center for Ecology and Environment, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Allen H. Andrews
- Department of Oceanography, University of Hawaii at Manoa, HI, United States of America
| | - Katie Griswold
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Republic of Panama
| | - Aaron O’Dea
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Republic of Panama
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13
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Hawkins AD, Popper AN. Directional hearing and sound source localization by fishes. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2018; 144:3329. [PMID: 30599653 DOI: 10.1121/1.5082306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Directional hearing may enable fishes to seek out prey, avoid predators, find mates, and detect important spatial cues. Early sound localization experiments gave negative results, and it was thought unlikely that fishes utilized the same direction-finding mechanisms as terrestrial vertebrates. However, fishes swim towards underwater sound sources, and some can discriminate between sounds from different directions and distances. The otolith organs of the inner ear detect the particle motion components of sound, acting as vector detectors through the presence of sensory hair cells with differing orientation. However, many questions remain on inner ear functioning. There are problems in understanding the actual mechanisms involved in determining sound direction and distance. Moreover, very little is still known about the ability of fishes to locate sound sources in three-dimensional space. Do fishes swim directly towards a source, or instead "sample" sound levels while moving towards the source? To what extent do fishes utilize other senses and especially vision in locating the source? Further behavioral studies of free-swimming fishes are required to provide better understanding of how fishes might actually locate sound sources. In addition, more experiments are required on the auditory mechanism that fishes may utilize.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arthur N Popper
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
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14
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Schulz-Mirbach T, Ladich F, Plath M, Heß M. Enigmatic ear stones: what we know about the functional role and evolution of fish otoliths. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2018; 94:457-482. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Schulz-Mirbach
- Department Biology II, Zoology; Ludwig-Maximilians-University; Großhaderner Strasse 2, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried Germany
| | - Friedrich Ladich
- Department of Behavioural Biology; University of Vienna; Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Martin Plath
- College of Animal Science & Technology; Northwest A&F University; 22 Xinong Road, Yangling Shaanxi China
| | - Martin Heß
- Department Biology II, Zoology; Ludwig-Maximilians-University; Großhaderner Strasse 2, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried Germany
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