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Murphy EA, Kleiner FH, Helliwell KE, Wheeler GL. Channels of Evolution: Unveiling Evolutionary Patterns in Diatom Ca 2+ Signalling. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1207. [PMID: 38732422 PMCID: PMC11085791 DOI: 10.3390/plants13091207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Diatoms are important primary producers in marine and freshwater environments, but little is known about the signalling mechanisms they use to detect changes in their environment. All eukaryotic organisms use Ca2+ signalling to perceive and respond to environmental stimuli, employing a range of Ca2+-permeable ion channels to facilitate the movement of Ca2+ across cellular membranes. We investigated the distribution of different families of Ca2+ channels in diatom genomes, with comparison to other members of the stramenopile lineage. The four-domain voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (Cav) are present in some centric diatoms but almost completely absent in pennate diatoms, whereas single-domain voltage-gated EukCatA channels were found in all diatoms. Glutamate receptors (GLRs) and pentameric ligand-gated ion channels (pLGICs) also appear to have been lost in several pennate species. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are present in all diatoms, but have not undergone the significant expansion seen in brown algae. All diatom species analysed lacked the mitochondrial uniporter (MCU), a highly conserved channel type found in many eukaryotes, including several stramenopile lineages. These results highlight the unique Ca2+-signalling toolkit of diatoms and indicate that evolutionary gains or losses of different Ca2+ channels may contribute to differences in cellular-signalling mechanisms between species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor A. Murphy
- Marine Biological Association, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK (K.E.H.)
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK
| | | | - Katherine E. Helliwell
- Marine Biological Association, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK (K.E.H.)
- Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Glen L. Wheeler
- Marine Biological Association, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK (K.E.H.)
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2
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Yu Z, Wang Z, Liu L. Electrophysiological techniques in marine microalgae study: A new perspective for harmful algal bloom (HAB) research. HARMFUL ALGAE 2024; 134:102629. [PMID: 38705615 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2024.102629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Electrophysiological techniques, by measuring bioelectrical signals and ion channel activities in tissues and cells, are now widely utilized to study ion channel-related physiological functions and their underlying mechanisms. Electrophysiological techniques have been extensively employed in the investigation of animals, plants, and microorganisms; however, their application in marine algae lags behind that in other organisms. In this paper, we present an overview of current electrophysiological techniques applicable to algae while reviewing the historical usage of such techniques in this field. Furthermore, we explore the potential specific applications of electrophysiological technology in harmful algal bloom (HAB) research. The application prospects in the studies of stress tolerance, competitive advantage, nutrient absorption, toxin synthesis and secretion by HAB microalgae are discussed and anticipated herein with the aim of providing novel perspectives on HAB investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, 266237, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Zhongshi Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, 266237, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Lidong Liu
- The Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brian Health and Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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3
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Liu X, Zuo Z, Xie X, Gao S, Wu S, Gu W, Wang G. SLC24A-mediated calcium exchange as an indispensable component of the diatom cell density-driven signaling pathway. THE ISME JOURNAL 2024; 18:wrae039. [PMID: 38457651 PMCID: PMC10982851 DOI: 10.1093/ismejo/wrae039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Diatom bloom is characterized by a rapid increase of population density. Perception of population density and physiological responses can significantly influence their survival strategies, subsequently impacting bloom fate. The population density itself can serve as a signal, which is perceived through chemical signals or chlorophyll fluorescence signals triggered by high cell density, and their intracellular signaling mechanisms remain to be elucidated. In this study, we focused on the model diatom, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, and designed an orthogonal experiment involving varying cell densities and light conditions, to stimulate the release of chemical signals and light-induced chlorophyll fluorescence signals. Utilizing RNA-Seq and Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis, we identified four gene clusters displaying density-dependent expression patterns. Within these, a potential hub gene, PtSLC24A, encoding a Na+/Ca2+ exchanger, was identified. Based on molecular genetics, cellular physiology, computational structural biology, and in situ oceanic data, we propose a potential intracellular signaling mechanism related to cell density in marine diatoms using Ca2+: upon sensing population density signals mediated by chemical cues, the membrane-bound PtSLC24A facilitates the efflux of Ca2+ to maintain specific intracellular calcium levels, allowing the transduction of intracellular density signals, subsequently regulating physiological responses, including cell apoptosis, ultimately affecting algal blooms fate. These findings shed light on the calcium-mediated intracellular signaling mechanism of marine diatoms to changing population densities, and enhances our understanding of diatom bloom dynamics and their ecological implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehua Liu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266404, Shandong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266404, Shandong Province, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhicheng Zuo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Noncoding RNA, Institute for Frontier Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiujun Xie
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266404, Shandong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266404, Shandong Province, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shan Gao
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266404, Shandong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266404, Shandong Province, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237, Shandong Province, China
| | - Songcui Wu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266404, Shandong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266404, Shandong Province, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wenhui Gu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266404, Shandong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266404, Shandong Province, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guangce Wang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266404, Shandong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266404, Shandong Province, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237, Shandong Province, China
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4
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Yang J, Li W, Xing C, Xing G, Guo Y, Yuan H. Ca 2+ participates in the regulation of microalgae triacylglycerol metabolism under heat stress. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 208:112696. [PMID: 35016864 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are the largest CO2 fixer and O2 producer on the earth and occupy an increasingly important position in human life and production. Various environmental factors have a significant impact on the growth and metabolism of microalgae. As global warming intensifies, heat stress has become a crucial factor affecting the microalgae industry. However, till now, it has not been clear how microalgae sensed the temperature stress, transmitted stress signals and adjusted in intracellular metabolic pathways. In this study, the growth of microalgae Auxenochlorella protothecoides UTEX2341 was inhibited at 32 °C, but the single cell dry weight increased. The cell component analyses showed that both the carbohydrate and total protein content decreased significantly, while the lipid content increased by 158%. Meanwhile, the intracellular Ca2+ concentration increased continuously, with a maximum increase of 1.65 times. According to the transcriptome analyses, the up-regulation of Ca2+ influx channel protein mid1-complementing activity 1 (MCA1) gene and the down-regulation of efflux channel protein cation exchanger 1(CAX) and autoinhibited Ca2+-ATPase 1 (ACA1) genes in cytoplasmic membrane jointly facilitated the increase of Ca2+ in the cytoplasm. Coexpression network analysis indicated that the fluctuation of Ca2+ in the cytoplasm could activate the expression of transcription factors MYB3 and AP2-4 through calmodulin (CAM) and calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK), and then regulate glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferases (GPAT) at the beginning of TAG synthesis and diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT)/phospholipid: diacylglycerol acyltransferase (PDAT) in the last step of TAG synthesis. Furthermore, the addition of Ca2+ specific chelator BAPTA-AM inhibited the expression of GPAT, which was consistent with the decrease in microalgae lipid content. The results proved that Ca2+ participated in the regulation of microalgae TAG synthesis under heat stress, which provided a new view for the understanding of the microalgae lipid accumulation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinshui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Wenli Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Chao Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Guanlan Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Yinxue Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Hongli Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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5
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Font-Muñoz JS, Sourisseau M, Cohen-Sánchez A, Tuval I, Basterretxea G. Pelagic diatoms communicate through synchronized beacon natural fluorescence signaling. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabj5230. [PMID: 34910521 PMCID: PMC8673755 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj5230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Communication between conspecific individuals is an essential part of life both in terrestrial and marine realms. Until recently, social behavior in marine phytoplankton was assumed to rely mainly on the secretion of a variety of infochemicals that allowed population-scale collective responses. Here, we demonstrate that pelagic diatoms also use Sun-stimulated fluorescence signals for synchronizing their behavior. These unicellular microorganisms, playing a key biogeochemical role in the ocean, use photoreceptor proteins and red–far-red fluorescent radiation to communicate. A characteristic beaconing signal is generated by rhythmic organelle displacement within the cell cytoplasm, triggering coordinated population behavior. These light-based communication networks could critically determine major facets of diatom ecology and fitness and regulate the dynamics of larger-scale ocean processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan S. Font-Muñoz
- IFREMER, French Institute for Sea Research, DYNECO PELAGOS, 29280 Plouzané, France
- Université de Brest-UBO/CNRS/IFREMER/IRD, 29238 Brest, France
| | - Marc Sourisseau
- IFREMER, French Institute for Sea Research, DYNECO PELAGOS, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Amanda Cohen-Sánchez
- Mediterranean Institute for Advanced Studies, IMEDEA (UIB-CSIC), Miquel Marques 21, 07190 Esporles, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Idan Tuval
- Mediterranean Institute for Advanced Studies, IMEDEA (UIB-CSIC), Miquel Marques 21, 07190 Esporles, Balearic Islands, Spain
- Department of Physics, University of the Balearic Islands, Ctra. Valldemossa Km. 7.5, 07122 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Gotzon Basterretxea
- Mediterranean Institute for Advanced Studies, IMEDEA (UIB-CSIC), Miquel Marques 21, 07190 Esporles, Balearic Islands, Spain
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6
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Ribeiro M, Elghajiji A, Fraser SP, Burke ZD, Tosh D, Djamgoz MBA, Rocha PRF. Human Breast Cancer Cells Demonstrate Electrical Excitability. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:404. [PMID: 32425751 PMCID: PMC7204841 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent types of cancers worldwide and yet, its pathophysiology is poorly understood. Single-cell electrophysiological studies have provided evidence that membrane depolarization is implicated in the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer. However, metastatic breast cancer cells are highly dynamic microscopic systems with complexities beyond a single-cell level. There is an urgent need for electrophysiological studies and technologies capable of decoding the intercellular signaling pathways and networks that control proliferation and metastasis, particularly at a population level. Hence, we present for the first time non-invasive in vitro electrical recordings of strongly metastatic MDA-MB-231 and weakly/non-metastatic MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. To accomplish this, we fabricated an ultra-low noise sensor that exploits large-area electrodes, of 2 mm2, which maximizes the double-layer capacitance and concomitant detection sensitivity. We show that the current recorded after adherence of the cells is dominated by the opening of voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs), confirmed by application of the highly specific inhibitor, tetrodotoxin (TTX). The electrical activity of MDA-MB-231 cells surpasses that of the MCF-7 cells, suggesting a link between the cells’ bioelectricity and invasiveness. We also recorded an activity pattern with characteristics similar to that of Random Telegraph Signal (RTS) noise. RTS patterns were less frequent than the asynchronous VGSC signals. The RTS noise power spectral density showed a Lorentzian shape, which revealed the presence of a low-frequency signal across MDA-MB-231 cell populations with propagation speeds of the same order as those reported for intercellular Ca2+ waves. Our recording platform paves the way for real-time investigations of the bioelectricity of cancer cells, their ionic/pharmacological properties and relationship to metastatic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mafalda Ribeiro
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Centre for Biosensors, Bioelectronics and Biodevices (C3Bio), University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Aya Elghajiji
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Centre for Biosensors, Bioelectronics and Biodevices (C3Bio), University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom.,Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Scott P Fraser
- Neuroscience Solutions to Cancer Research Group, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zoë D Burke
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - David Tosh
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Mustafa B A Djamgoz
- Neuroscience Solutions to Cancer Research Group, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paulo R F Rocha
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Centre for Biosensors, Bioelectronics and Biodevices (C3Bio), University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
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Hedrich R. Diatom Signaling: A Novel Channel Type Identified. Curr Biol 2019; 29:R319-R321. [PMID: 31063722 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Our nerve and muscle cells communicate using voltage-dependent four-domain sodium channels. A recent study in eukaryotic phytoplankton reveals that single-domain, prokaryote-like, voltage-gated Na+- and Ca2+-permeable channels are key to environmental sensing in the oceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Hedrich
- University of Würtzburg, Biocentre, Julius-von-Sachs-Institut for Biosciences, Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Würtzburg, Germany.
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