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Hiraga T, Hata T, Soya S, Shimoda R, Takahashi K, Soya M, Inoue K, Johansen JP, Okamoto M, Soya H. Light-exercise-induced dopaminergic and noradrenergic stimulation in the dorsal hippocampus: Using a rat physiological exercise model. FASEB J 2024; 38:e70215. [PMID: 39668509 PMCID: PMC11638517 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400418rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Academic Contribution Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 11/14/2024] [Accepted: 11/18/2024] [Indexed: 12/14/2024]
Abstract
Exercise activates the dorsal hippocampus that triggers synaptic and cellar plasticity and ultimately promotes memory formation. For decades, these benefits have been explored using demanding and stress-response-inducing exercise at moderate-to-vigorous intensities. In contrast, our translational research with animals and humans has focused on light-intensity exercise (light exercise) below the lactate threshold (LT), which almost anyone can safely perform with minimal stress. We found that even light exercise can stimulate hippocampal activity and enhance memory performance. Although the circuit mechanism of this boost remains unclear, arousal promotion even with light exercise implies the involvement of the ascending monoaminergic system that is essential to modulate hippocampal activity and impact memory. To test this hypothesis, we employed our physiological exercise model based on the LT of rats and immunohistochemically assessed the neuronal activation of the dorsal hippocampal sub-regions and brainstem monoaminergic neurons. Also, we monitored the extracellular concentration of monoamines in the dorsal hippocampus using in vivo microdialysis. We found that even light exercise increased neuronal activity in the dorsal hippocampal sub-regions and elevated the extracellular concentrations of noradrenaline and dopamine. Furthermore, we found that tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neurons in the locus coeruleus (LC) and the ventral tegmental area (VTA) were activated even by light exercise and were both positively correlated with the dorsal hippocampal activation. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that light exercise stimulates dorsal hippocampal neurons, which are associated with LC-noradrenergic and VTA-dopaminergic activation. This shed light on the circuit mechanisms responsible for hippocampal neural activation during exercise, consequently enhancing memory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taichi Hiraga
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Health and Sport SciencesUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - Toshiaki Hata
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Health and Sport SciencesUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
- Division of Sport Neuroscience, Kokoro Division, Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP), Institute of Health and Sport SciencesUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - Shingo Soya
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI‐IIIS)University of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
- Department of Molecular Behavioral Physiology, Institute of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - Ryo Shimoda
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Health and Sport SciencesUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - Kanako Takahashi
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Health and Sport SciencesUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
- Division of Sport Neuroscience, Kokoro Division, Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP), Institute of Health and Sport SciencesUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - Mariko Soya
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Health and Sport SciencesUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Koshiro Inoue
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Health and Sport SciencesUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
- Center for Education in Liberal Arts and SciencesHealth Sciences University of HokkaidoIshikariJapan
| | - Joshua P. Johansen
- Laboratory for Neural Circuitry of MemoryRIKEN Center for Brain ScienceSaitamaJapan
| | - Masahiro Okamoto
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Health and Sport SciencesUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
- Division of Sport Neuroscience, Kokoro Division, Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP), Institute of Health and Sport SciencesUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - Hideaki Soya
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Health and Sport SciencesUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
- Division of Sport Neuroscience, Kokoro Division, Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP), Institute of Health and Sport SciencesUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
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Onishi H, Sato H, Uchida N, Yoshioka A, Sato I, Onizawa N, Ito H, Ishida M. Thiamine deficiency as a differential diagnosis for severe fatigue in terminally ill cancer patients. Palliat Support Care 2024:1-3. [PMID: 39360448 DOI: 10.1017/s1478951524001536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Academic Contribution Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Patients with advanced cancer present various symptoms as their disease progresses. Among these, fatigue is a frequent symptom in patients with advanced cancer and is associated with decreased quality of life (QOL). However, there are few reports regarding its association with thiamine deficiency (TD). METHODS We report a case in which we found TD in a patient with advanced lung cancer who presented with weight loss, significant fatigue, and appeared to have a worsening general condition, for whom symptoms were dramatically improved within a short period of time by intravenous administration of thiamine. RESULTS The patient was a 76-year-old woman who had been diagnosed with lung cancer and liver metastases 6 months earlier. Due to interstitial pneumonia, she was not a candidate for chemotherapy and so palliative care was started. At 8 months after initial diagnosis, the patient complained of fatigue during a medical examination, so a blood sample was taken. A week later, she visited the hospital with a cane. She felt extremely fatigued and was unable to stand, but results from the previous blood test revealed that a TD. The fatigue disappeared 15 minutes after intravenous administration of thiamine and she was able to return home without the cane. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS Fatigue is a frequent symptom in advanced cancer patients, and TD may be the underlying cause. Inclusion of TD in the differential diagnosis may contribute to improving patient QOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Onishi
- Departments of Psycho-oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroko Sato
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morigaoka Clinic, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nozomu Uchida
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akira Yoshioka
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Mitsubishi Kyoto Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Izumi Sato
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Ito
- Department of General Medicine, Ito Internal Medicine and Pediatric Clinic, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mayumi Ishida
- Departments of Psycho-oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
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Kawai T, Kagami-Katsuyama H, Satoh K, Futami T, Kimoto-Nira H, Nishihira J, Tanaka K, Matsumoto T, Shimazaki H, Yagi S, Sase K, Tanigawa K, Maeda-Yamamoto M. The Effect of Nutrients on Subjective Accomplishment at Work: Results from a Health Survey and a Single-Arm Dietary Intervention Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:1410. [PMID: 38794648 PMCID: PMC11124383 DOI: 10.3390/nu16101410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Academic Contribution Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In Japan, many workers are exposed to chronic stress, sleep deprivation, and nutritional imbalance. They tend still to go to work when ill, leading to decreased work performance and productivity, which has become a major social problem. We conducted a human entry study with the aim of finding a link between these two factors and proposing an optimized diet, believing that a review of diet may lead to an improvement in labor productivity. In this study, we used subjective accomplishment (SA) as a measure of productivity. First, we compared nutrient intake between groups with high and low SA using data from a health survey of 1564 healthy male and female adults. Significant differences were found in the intake of 13 nutrients in males and 15 nutrients in females, including potassium, vitamin A, insoluble fiber, and biotin. Recommended daily intake of these nutrients was determined from survey data. Next, we designed test meals containing sufficient amounts of 17 nutrients and conducted a single-arm intervention study (registration code UMIN000047054) in Kameyama City, Mie Prefecture, Japan. Healthy working adults (males and females aged 20-79 years) were recruited and supplied with test meals, which were eaten once a day 5 days a week for 8 weeks. SA was significantly higher and daytime sleepiness (DS) was significantly lower after lunch on workdays in younger participants (under 60 years) when they ate the test meals as breakfast or lunch. Our results suggest that SA and DS, which change daily, are strongly influenced by the meal eaten before work, and that taking the 17 nutrients may help prevent presenteeism and improve labor productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Kawai
- Institute of Food Research, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-8642, Japan
| | - Hiroyo Kagami-Katsuyama
- Department of Medical Management and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University, Ebetsu 069-8585, Japan
| | - Koji Satoh
- Department of Medical Management and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University, Ebetsu 069-8585, Japan
| | - Takashi Futami
- Institute of Food Research, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-8642, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kimoto-Nira
- Institute of Food Research, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-8642, Japan
| | - Jun Nishihira
- Department of Medical Management and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University, Ebetsu 069-8585, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Kohei Sase
- Department of Health and Welfare, Kameyama City Office, Kameyama 519-0164, Japan
| | - Kenji Tanigawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kameyama Municipal Medical Center, Kameyama 519-0163, Japan
| | - Mari Maeda-Yamamoto
- Institute of Food Research, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-8642, Japan
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Alizadeh M, Kheirouri S, Keramati M. What Dietary Vitamins and Minerals Might Be Protective against Parkinson's Disease? Brain Sci 2023; 13:1119. [PMID: 37509049 PMCID: PMC10377174 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13071119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Academic Contribution Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Dietary constituents may affect the progression of Parkinson's disease (PD). This study aimed to assess the contribution of dietary intake of vitamins and minerals to the severity, motor and non-motor symptoms, and risk of PD. METHODS In this case-control study, 120 patients with PD and 50 healthy participants participated. Dietary intake of vitamins and minerals was determined using a 147-item food frequency questionnaire. The severity of PD was determined by the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). RESULTS Patients with PD had lower intake of several vitamins and minerals including lycopene, thiamine, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, magnesium, zinc, manganese, selenium, chromium, and phosphorus, but had higher intake of α-tocopherol. High dietary intake of vitamin A, α-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, vitamin C, and α-tocopherol were correlated with increased odds of PD. High intake of lycopene, thiamin, vitamin B6, pantothenic acid, magnesium, zinc, manganese, chromium, and phosphorous correlated with reduced odds of PD. The predictive power of α-tocopherol concerning the risk of PD was stronger relative to other vitamins. Dietary intake of pantothenic acid was negatively correlated with PD severity and symptoms of motor examination and complication. The severity and motor symptoms of PD were also negatively correlated with β-carotene, vitamin C, riboflavin, vitamin B6, and biotin intake. The UPDRS total score and motor symptoms in PD patients were negatively correlated with phosphorus, magnesium, zinc, manganese, and chromium, and strongly with potassium intake. CONCLUSION The findings indicate that adequate dietary intake of vitamins and minerals may have a preventive effect on developing PD and progression of motor decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Alizadeh
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614711, Iran
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614711, Iran
| | - Sorayya Kheirouri
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614711, Iran
| | - Majid Keramati
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614711, Iran
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Abstract
Sulbutiamine is a thiamine derivative developed in Japan in the mid-60's as a beriberi treatment drug. Since then, different potential applications have been described. For instance, there is some evidence that sulbutiamine can have anti-fatigue, nootropic, and antioxidant effects, which led to its use as a sport supplement (although some authors argue it is actually a masking doping strategy). Moreover, this molecule has been proposed as a possible treatment for some microsporidial infections and even for certain types of cancer. Despite these potential effects, sulbutiamine is still a relatively unknown molecule, which justifies the present review, where we discuss its history and the existing literature on its health applications. We conclude that there is a great potential for sulbutiamine use, well beyond its first described function (to increase thiamine tissue concentration). Indeed, new mechanisms of action have been found, mainly associated with its derivatives. Nevertheless, and although the research on sulbutiamine started 50 years ago, only a limited number of studies were conducted during this time frame. As so, methodological concerns need to be addressed and new studies are necessary, especially randomized controlled trials. Only then will the full potential of this versatile molecule be identified.
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Hopkins S, Gottipati MK, Montana V, Bekyarova E, Haddon RC, Parpura V. Effects of Chemically-Functionalized Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes on the Morphology and Vitality of D54MG Human Glioblastoma Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 1:327-338. [PMID: 31106292 PMCID: PMC6519950 DOI: 10.3390/neuroglia1020022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Academic Contribution Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The unique properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have made them interesting candidates for applications in biomedicine. There are diverse chemical groups that can be attached to SWCNTs in order for these tiny tubes to gain various functionalities, for example, water solubility. Due to the availability of these “functionalization” approaches, SWCNTs are seen as agents for a potential anti-cancer therapy. In this context, we tested different chemically-functionalized forms of SWCNTs to determine which modifications make them better combatants against glioblastoma (astrocytoma grade IV), the deadliest brain cancer. We investigated the effects that two types of water soluble SWCNTs, functionalized with polyethylene glycol (SWCNT-PEG) or tetrahydrofurfuryl-terminated polyethylene glycol (SWCNT-PEG-THFF), have on the morphology and vitality, that is, cell adhesion, proliferation and death rate, of the D54MG human glioblastoma cells in culture. We found that SWCNT-PEG-THFF solute, when added to culture media, makes D54MG cells less round (measured as a significant decrease, by ~23%, in the form factor). This morphological change was induced by the PEG-THFF functional group, but not the SWCNT backbone itself. We also found that SWCNT-PEG-THFF solute reduces the proliferation rate of D54MG cells while increasing the rate of cell death. The functional groups PEG and PEG-THFF, on the other hand, reduce the cell death rate of D54MG human glioma cells. These data indicate that the process of functionalization of SWCNTs for potential use as glioma therapeutics may affect their biological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seantel Hopkins
- Department of Biology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Manoj K. Gottipati
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair and Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Vedrana Montana
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Elena Bekyarova
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Center for Nanoscale Science and Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
- Carbon Solutions, Inc., Riverside, CA 92507, USA
| | - Robert C. Haddon
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Center for Nanoscale Science and Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Vladimir Parpura
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-205-996-7369
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