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Li H, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Zhang R, Chen D, Shi J, Xu J, Li L. Nonivamide inhibits proliferation of human corneal epithelial cells by inducing cell cycle arrest and oxidative stress. Toxicology 2023; 500:153674. [PMID: 37989449 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Nonivamide, an agonist of transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1), is widely used as a riot control agent, police incapacitant spray and pesticide. Although generally considered non-fatal, eye discomfort and even ocular injuries caused by such products are common. Little research has been conducted on the effects of nonivamide on corneal epithelial cells. Cell viability, impedance, flow cytometry, western blotting, and real-time fluorescence analyses were performed to investigate the effects of nonivamide on human corneal epithelial cells (HCE-T cells). We found that nonivamide impaired proliferation at subtoxic doses (100 μM and 200 μM) in HCE-T cells. Next, we described the mechanisms of action of nonivamide. Nonivamide caused cell cycle arrest by increasing p21 and decreasing cyclin D1. TRPV1 was activated by nonivamide, leading to an influx of Ca2+. Enhanced Ca2+ influx partially contributed to oxidative stress. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) also decreased. All combined stress resulted in the inhibition of cell proliferation in HCE-T cells. In summary, nonivamide inhibited the proliferation of HCE-T cells at sub-toxic doses by inducing cell cycle arrest and oxidative stress. Our data demonstrate the corneal toxicity of nonivamide and explain the mechanisms underlying nonivamide-induced corneal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, PR China
| | - Qian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, PR China
| | - Sida Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, PR China
| | - Ruihua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, PR China
| | - Dong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, PR China
| | - Jingjing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, PR China
| | - Jianfu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, PR China.
| | - Liqin Li
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, PR China.
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Kuczera K, Naparło K, Soszyński M, Bartosz G, Sadowska-Bartosz I. Capsaicin toxicity to the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is not due to oxidative stress but to disruption of membrane structure. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 374:110407. [PMID: 36804492 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Capsaicin (CAP) is a common food constituent, conferring a pungent taste to red peppers of the genus Capsicum. It has bactericidal and fungicidal activity. The study was aimed to test the hypothesis of whether oxidative stress mediates the toxicity of CAP to the baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model yeast. CAP showed good antioxidant properties (1.30 and 1.10 mol Trolox equivalents/mol in the 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate (ABTS) radical scavenging assay and the Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power assay, respectively). However, its autoxidation generated hydrogen peroxide. CAP inhibited the growth of S. cerevisiae at concentrations ≥100 μM. Yeast mutants deficient in superoxide dismutase 1 or catalase T were more sensitive to CAP than wild-type yeast. CAP did not augment the ROS level in yeast cells. Standard antioxidants (N-acetylcysteine and ascorbate) did not protect significantly against CAP-induced yeast growth inhibition. Thus, oxidative stress does not mediate the CAP's inhibition of yeast growth. CAP did not decrease mitochondrial membrane potential of the yeast but induced a concentration-dependent decrease in membrane fluidity. These results indicate that the disturbance of membrane properties is the apparent cause of CAP toxicity to the yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Kuczera
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 4 Zelwerowicza St., 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Naparło
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 4 Zelwerowicza St., 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Mirosław Soszyński
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236, Lodz, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Bartosz
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 4 Zelwerowicza St., 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Izabela Sadowska-Bartosz
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 4 Zelwerowicza St., 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland.
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Mangwani-Mordani S, Goodman CF, Galor A. Novel Treatments for Chronic Ocular Surface Pain. Cornea 2023; 42:261-271. [PMID: 36729473 PMCID: PMC9918665 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000003193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Several etiologies can contribute to ocular surface pain including nociceptive, peripheral neuropathic, and central neuropathic mechanisms. Clinical clues can help identify contributors to ocular surface pain in a patient. In individuals whose pain persists despite targeting nociceptive contributors, neuropathic mechanisms should be considered and addressed using oral, topical, and/or adjuvant agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simran Mangwani-Mordani
- Surgical Services, Miami Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 1201 NW 17 Street, Miami, FL, 33125, USA
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami, 900 NW 17 Street, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Courtney F. Goodman
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami, 900 NW 17 Street, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Anat Galor
- Surgical Services, Miami Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 1201 NW 17 Street, Miami, FL, 33125, USA
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami, 900 NW 17 Street, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Water Extract of Chrysanthemum indicum L. Flower Inhibits Capsaicin-Induced Systemic Low-Grade Inflammation by Modulating Gut Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acids. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051069. [PMID: 36904069 PMCID: PMC10005712 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic low-grade inflammation induced by unhealthy diet has become a common health concern as it contributes to immune imbalance and induces chronic diseases, yet effective preventions and interventions are currently unavailable. The Chrysanthemum indicum L. flower (CIF) is a common herb with a strong anti-inflammatory effect in drug-induced models, based on the theory of "medicine and food homology". However, its effects and mechanisms in reducing food-induced systemic low-grade inflammation (FSLI) remain unclear. This study showed that CIF can reduce FSLI and represents a new strategy to intervene in chronic inflammatory diseases. In this study, we administered capsaicin to mice by gavage to establish a FSLI model. Then, three doses of CIF (7, 14, 28 g·kg-1·day-1) were tested as the intervention. Capsaicin was found to increase serum TNF-α levels, demonstrating a successful model induction. After a high dose of CIF intervention, serum levels of TNF-α and LPS were reduced by 62.8% and 77.44%. In addition, CIF increased the α diversity and number of OTUs in the gut microbiota, restored the abundance of Lactobacillus and increased the total content of SCFAs in the feces. In summary, CIF inhibits FSLI by modulating the gut microbiota, increasing SCFAs levels and inhibiting excessive LPS translocation into the blood. Our findings provided a theoretical support for using CIF in FSLI intervention.
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Quiroga-Garza ME, Ruiz-Lozano RE, Azar NS, Mousa HM, Komai S, Sevilla-Llorca JL, Perez VL. Noxious effects of riot control agents on the ocular surface: Pathogenic mechanisms and management. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2023; 5:1118731. [PMID: 36733462 PMCID: PMC9887149 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.1118731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Riot Control Agents (RCAs) are chemical compounds used by law enforcement agencies to quell violent demonstrations as an alternative to lethal force and as part of police/military training. They are also known as tear gases because of the hallmark ocular irritation and lacrimation they cause. The most common RCAs include oleoresin capsicum (contained in Mace and pepper spray), chlorobenzylidene malononitrile, dibenzoxazepine, and chloroacetophenone (previously the main content of Mace); some of which have been in use for decades. Their immediate incapacitating effects are mediated through polymodal afferent fibers innervating the corneal surface, inducing the release of peptides that cause neurogenic inflammation. Although previously thought to have only transient effects on exposed patients more severe complications such as corneal stromal opacities, corneal neovascularization, neurotrophic keratopathy, conjunctival necrosis, and pseudopterygium can occur. Concerningly, the lack of research and specific therapies restrict the current management to decontamination and symptom-tailored support. This manuscript will provide an overview of the toxic mechanisms of RCAs, their clinical manifestations, and current therapy after exposure to tear gases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel E. Quiroga-Garza
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States,Foster Eye Center for Ocular Immunology, Duke Eye Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Raul E. Ruiz-Lozano
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Nadim S. Azar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States,Foster Eye Center for Ocular Immunology, Duke Eye Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Hazem M. Mousa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States,Foster Eye Center for Ocular Immunology, Duke Eye Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Seitaro Komai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States,Foster Eye Center for Ocular Immunology, Duke Eye Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Jose L. Sevilla-Llorca
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States,Foster Eye Center for Ocular Immunology, Duke Eye Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Victor L. Perez
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States,Foster Eye Center for Ocular Immunology, Duke Eye Center, Durham, NC, United States,*Correspondence: Victor L. Perez,
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Paensuwan P, Laorob T, Ngoenkam J, Wichai U, Pongcharoen S. Nitro Dihydrocapsaicin, a Non-Pungent Capsaicin Analogue, Inhibits Cellular Senescence of Lens Epithelial Cells via Upregulation of SIRT1. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213960. [PMID: 36430438 PMCID: PMC9695757 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cataracts are a common complication that can cause blindness among patients with diabetes mellitus. A novel nitro dihydrocapsaicin (NDHC), a capsaicin analog, was constructed to have a non-pungency effect. The objective of this research was to study the effect of NDHC on human lens epithelial (HLE) cells that lost function from hyperglycemia. HLE cells were pretreated with NDHC before an exposure to high glucose (HG) conditions. The results show that NDHC promoted a deacceleration of cellular senescence in HLE cells. This inhibition of cellular senescence was characterized by a delayed cell growth and lower production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as decreased SA-β-galactosidase activity. Additionally, the expression of Sirt1 protein sharply increased, while the expression of p21 and phospho-p38 proteins decreased. These findings provide evidence that NDHC could exert a pharmacologically protective effect by inhibiting the senescence program of lens cells during diabetic cataracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pussadee Paensuwan
- Department of Optometry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
- Correspondence: (P.P.); (S.P.); Tel.: +66-55-966414 (P.P.); +66-55-965105 (S.P.)
| | - Thanet Laorob
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Jatuporn Ngoenkam
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Uthai Wichai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Sutatip Pongcharoen
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
- Correspondence: (P.P.); (S.P.); Tel.: +66-55-966414 (P.P.); +66-55-965105 (S.P.)
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Gong T, Li C, Li S, Zhang X, He Z, Jiang X, He Q, Huang R, Wang Y, Liu X. Capsaicin regulates dyslipidemia by altering the composition of bile acids in germ-free mice. Food Funct 2022; 13:10665-10679. [PMID: 36172720 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02209e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The improvement of lipid metabolism by capsaicin (CAP) has been extensively studied, mostly with respect to the vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) ion channel and intestinal flora. In this study, a model was established in germ-free mice by using resiniferatoxin (RTX) to ablate TRPV1 ion channels. Bile acid composition, blood parameters, and colonic transcriptome analyses revealed that CAP could improve dyslipidemia caused by high-fat diet even in the absence of TRPV1 ion channels and intestinal flora. CAP fed to germ mice decreased the concentrations of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), fasting blood glucose and fasting insulin, increased the concentration of high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), and decreased the levels of plasma endotoxin and pro-inflammatory factor interleukin 6 (IL-6). Furthermore, CAP could affect both classical and alternative pathways of cholesterol conversion by changing the composition of bile acids, reducing the concentrations of glycocholic acid (GCA), ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA). First, changing the composition of bile acids inhibited the expression of colon Fgf15. CAP promoted the expression of Cyp7a1 (Cytochrome p450, family 7, subfamily a, and polypeptide 1) in the liver, and thus reduced TC and TG levels. In addition, it could change the composition of bile acids and increase the expression of Cyp7b1 (Cytochrome p450, family 7, subfamily b, and polypeptide 1) in the colon, increase Cyp7b1 protein in the liver and thus inhibit fat accumulation. In conclusion, CAP could alter the composition of bile acids and promote the conversion of cholesterol to bile acids, thereby improving lipid metabolism abnormalities caused by a high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Gong
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China. .,Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuangen Li
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, China.
| | - Shiqiang Li
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, China.
| | - Xiaojuan Zhang
- Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongming He
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, China.
| | - Xianhong Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, China.
| | - Qiuyue He
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, China.
| | - Rongjuan Huang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, China.
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, China.
| | - Xiong Liu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China.
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Hazarika H, Krishnatreyya H, Tyagi V, Islam J, Gogoi N, Goyary D, Chattopadhyay P, Zaman K. The fabrication and assessment of mosquito repellent cream for outdoor protection. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2180. [PMID: 35140283 PMCID: PMC8828860 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06185-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mosquito-borne infections like dengue, malaria, chikungunya, etc. are a nuisance and can cause profound discomfort to people. Due to the objectional side effects and toxicity associated with synthetic pyrethroids, N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET), N,N-diethyl phenylacetamide (DEPA), and N,N-di ethyl benzamide (DEBA) based mosquito repellent products, we developed an essential oil (EO) based mosquito repellent cream (EO-MRC) using clove, citronella and lemongrass oil. Subsequently, a formulation characterization, bio-efficacy, and safety study of EO-MRC were carried out. Expression of Anti-OBP2A and TRPV1 proteins on mosquito head parts were studied by western blotting. In-silico screening was also conducted for the specific proteins. An FT-IR study confirmed the chemical compatibility of the EOs and excipients used in EO-MRC. The thermal behaviour of the best EOs and their mixture was characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). GC-MS examination revealed various chemical components present in EOs. Efficacy of EO-MRC was correlated with 12% N,N-diethyl benzamide (DEBA) based marketed cream (DBMC). Complete protection time (CPT) of EO-MRC was determined as 228 min. Cytotoxicity study on L-132 cell line confirmed the non-toxic nature of EO-MRC upon inhalation. Acute dermal irritation study, acute dermal dose toxicity study, and acute eye irritation study revealed the non-toxic nature of EO-MRC. Non-target toxicity study on Danio rerio confirmed EO-MRC as safer for aquatic non-target animals. A decrease in the concentration of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was observed in transfluthrin (TNSF) exposed Wistar rats. While EO-MRC did not alter the AChE concentrations in the exposed animals. Results from western blotting confirmed that Anti-OBP2A and TRPV1 proteins were inhibited in TNSF exposed mosquitoes. Mosquitoes exposed to EO-MRC showed a similar expression pattern for Anti-OBP2A and TRPV1 as the control group. In silico study revealed eight identified compounds of the EOs play significant roles in the overall repellency property of the developed product. The study emphasizes the mosquito repellent activity of EO-MRC, which could be an effective, eco-friendly, and safer alternative to the existing synthetic repellents for personal protection against mosquitoes during field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemanga Hazarika
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory, Tezpur, Assam, 784001, India.
- Girijananda Chowdhury Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Dekargaon, Tezpur, Assam, 784501, India.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, 786004, India.
| | - Harshita Krishnatreyya
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory, Tezpur, Assam, 784001, India
- Girijananda Chowdhury Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Dekargaon, Tezpur, Assam, 784501, India
| | - Varun Tyagi
- Eurofins Agroscience Services Pvt. Ltd., Tirupur, Tamil Nadu, 641603, India
| | - Johirul Islam
- Coromandel Int. Ltd., Shameerpet, Telangana, 500101, India
| | - Neelutpal Gogoi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, 786004, India
| | - Danswrang Goyary
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory, Tezpur, Assam, 784001, India
| | - Pronobesh Chattopadhyay
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory, Tezpur, Assam, 784001, India.
| | - Kamaruz Zaman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, 786004, India
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Hazarika H, Tyagi V, Krishnatreyya H, Islam J, Boruah D, Kishor S, Chattopadhyay P, Zaman K. Essential oil based controlled-release non-toxic evaporating tablet provides effective repellency against Musca domestica. Acta Trop 2020; 210:105620. [PMID: 32649995 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Housefly, Musca (M) domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae) is a pervasive insect that transmits a variety of pathogens to humans and livestock. Although numerous synthetic pesticides are available to combat houseflies, their ecological and toxicological concerns have led to the exploration of natural products as safer alternatives. The present work was designed to develop an essential oil based controlled-release evaporating tablet (EO-CRT) and investigate its repellency against M. domestica. This study assesses the toxicological impacts of the EO-CRT following its sub-chronic inhalation exposure. Briefly, repellent activity of fourteen essential oils viz. lemon grass, bergamot, mentha, basil, camphor, lavender, clove, patchouli, rosemary, cinnamon, eucalyptus, citronella, jasmine and wild turmeric against M. domestica were screened using the 'Y'-tube olfactometer. The synergistic activity of the best four oils, under preliminary screening, were further evaluated by double and triple blending. The best combination of three oils were finalized for optimization with 17-run, 3-factor, 3-level Box-Behnken design. This was then employed to construct polynomial models and predict the best optimized formulation EO-CRT. EO-CRT was characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). The efficacy of the EO-CRT against M. domestica was assessed by attraction and repellent assay. Chest X-ray, histopathology and scanning electron microscopy of the exposed lung was performed to study EO-CRT's sub-chronic toxicity on Wistar rats. The EO-CRT showed slow release up to a period of 10 days at room temperature, exhibited 100% repellency (%Error=1.237) against M. domestica and was found to possess all the characteristics of an ideal formulation. Sub-chronic toxicity study further revealed the non-toxic nature of the EO-CRT. Thus, our study provides an assurance that the formulated EO-CRT could be effective not only in repelling the nuisance pest, M. domestica, in human dwellings, but also in minimizing the mechanical transmission of pathogens by it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemanga Hazarika
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory, Tezpur 784001, Assam, India; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh 786004, Assam, India.
| | - Varun Tyagi
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory, Tezpur 784001, Assam, India
| | - Harshita Krishnatreyya
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory, Tezpur 784001, Assam, India
| | - Johirul Islam
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory, Tezpur 784001, Assam, India
| | - Dipankar Boruah
- Department of Botany, Royal Global University, Guwahati 784028, Assam, India
| | - Sumit Kishor
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory, Tezpur 784001, Assam, India
| | - Pronobesh Chattopadhyay
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory, Tezpur 784001, Assam, India.
| | - Kamaruz Zaman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh 786004, Assam, India
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Design, development and assessment of an essential oil based slow release vaporizer against mosquitoes. Acta Trop 2020; 210:105573. [PMID: 32505595 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mosquitoes (Diptera; Culicidae) are a biting nuisance and are of economic and health importance, especially for people living in tropical countries like India. Given the environmental concerns and health hazards of synthetic insecticides, development of natural products for the control of mosquito and mosquito-borne diseases are needed. In view of this, an essential oil based novel liquid vaporizer formulation with citronella and eucalyptus oils has been developed using a computer aided Artificial Neural Network and Particle Swarm Optimization (ANN-PSO) algorithm approach, aiming to predict the best optimized formulation (OF). Following the development, OF was characterized by Fourier Transform-Infra Red (FT-IR) spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The efficacy of the OF was assessed against two major mosquito vectors viz. Anopheles stephensi and Aedes albopictus using a Peet-Grady chamber. Finally, toxicological impacts of the OF following its inhalation were investigated as per the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guidelines. The results revealed all the ideal characteristics of the OF which were found to provide a slow release of up to 450 h at room temperature. Most importantly, the OF, exhibited 50% mosquito knock down (KT50) within 11.49±1.34 and 14.15±2.15 min against An. stephensi and Ae. albopictus respectively. Toxicity assessment showed a non toxic nature of the OF following inhalation. Thus the present development would be beneficial for controlling both An. stephensi and Ae. albopictus without any associated health hazards.
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Krishnatreyya H, Hazarika H, Saha A, Mandal S, Bora NS, Kishor S, Bhutia YD, Goyary D, Karmakar S, Chattopadhyay P. Amelioration from the ocular irritant Capsaicin: development and assessment of a Capsazepine in situ gel system for ocular delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2020; 17:863-880. [PMID: 32274951 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2020.1754396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Defense personnel utilize capsaicin-based ocular sprays as non-lethal agents for law implementation during instances of mob violence. This study involves the capsaicin antagonist Capsazepine and the investigation of whether Capsazepine's antagonistic approach can be favorably utilized for defense utilization to block capsaicin-initiated pain and inflammation via the ocular pathway. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Ocular capsazepine in situ gels were prepared with polymers Pluronic F-127 and Chitosan; optimized formulation was quantified in ocular tissues chromatographically and by in vivo live ocular imaging; anti-inflammatory efficacy was determined by eye irritation testing, corneal and retinal imaging, ocular prostaglandin estimation, and by viability and proliferation testing using human ocular cell lines, etc. RESULTS A physicochemically stable Capsazepine in situ gel was formulated which showed little ocular irritation, considerable transcorneal permeation; was precisely quantified in ocular tissues by gas chromatography and in vivo live ocular imaging; showed anti-inflammatory properties against capsaicin by eye imaging experiments, prostaglandin declination and showed acceptable cytocompatibility when studied using human ocular cell lines. CONCLUSIONS The fabricated in situ Capsazepine gel system might be promising for ocular delivery as it appears a pharmacologically potent and safe development, suitable for utilization in the ocular clinical therapy, provided there is additional research to substantiate it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshita Krishnatreyya
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO) , Tezpur, Assam, India.,Pharmaceutical & Fine Chemical Division, Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta , Kolkata, India
| | - Hemanga Hazarika
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO) , Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Achintya Saha
- Pharmaceutical & Fine Chemical Division, Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta , Kolkata, India
| | - Santa Mandal
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO) , Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Nilutpal Sharma Bora
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO) , Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Sumit Kishor
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO) , Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Yangchen Doma Bhutia
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO) , Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Danswrang Goyary
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO) , Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Sanjeev Karmakar
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO) , Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Pronobesh Chattopadhyay
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO) , Tezpur, Assam, India
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