1
|
Park Y, Jung C, Seong M, Lee M, Cho DD, Kim T. A New Measurement Method for High Voltages Applied to an Ion Trap Generated by an RF Resonator. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21041143. [PMID: 33562053 PMCID: PMC7914741 DOI: 10.3390/s21041143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A new method is proposed to measure unknown amplitudes of radio frequency (RF) voltages applied to ion traps, using a pre-calibrated voltage divider with RF shielding. In contrast to previous approaches that estimate the applied voltage by comparing the measured secular frequencies with a numerical simulation, we propose using a pre-calibrated voltage divider to determine the absolute amplitude of large RF voltages amplified by a helical resonator. The proposed method does not require measurement of secular frequencies and completely removes uncertainty caused by limitations of numerical simulations. To experimentally demonstrate our method, we first obtained a functional relation between measured secular frequencies and large amplitudes of RF voltages using the calibrated voltage divider. A comparison of measured relations and simulation results without any fitting parameters confirmed the validity of the proposed method. Our method can be applied to most ion trap experiments. In particular, it will be an essential tool for surface ion traps which are extremely vulnerable to unknown large RF voltages and for improving the accuracy of numerical simulations for ion trap experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunjae Park
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (Y.P.); (C.J.); (M.L.); (D.D.C.)
- Automation and Systems Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Changhyun Jung
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (Y.P.); (C.J.); (M.L.); (D.D.C.)
- Automation and Systems Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Myeongseok Seong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Minjae Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (Y.P.); (C.J.); (M.L.); (D.D.C.)
- Automation and Systems Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Dongil Dan Cho
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (Y.P.); (C.J.); (M.L.); (D.D.C.)
- Automation and Systems Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Taehyun Kim
- Automation and Systems Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Institute of Computer Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-880-1725
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sharma L, Roy A, Panja S, De S. An easy to construct sub-micron resolution imaging system. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21796. [PMID: 33311632 PMCID: PMC7732857 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78509-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We report an easy to construct imaging system that can resolve particles separated by [Formula: see text] 0.68 [Formula: see text]m with minimum aberrations. Its first photon collecting lens is placed at a distance of 31.6 mm giving wide optical access. The microscope has a Numerical Aperture (NA) of 0.33, which is able to collect signal over 0.36 sr. The diffraction limited objective and magnifier recollects 77% photons into the central disc of the image with a transverse spherical aberration of 0.05 mm and magnification upto 238. The system has a depth of field of 142 [Formula: see text]m and a field of view of 56 [Formula: see text]m which images a large ensemble of atoms. The imaging system gives a diffraction limited performance over visible to near-infrared wavelengths on optimization of the working distance and the distance between the objective and magnifier.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lakhi Sharma
- CSIR - National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi, 110012, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - A Roy
- CSIR - National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi, 110012, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.,Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Staudtstrasse 2, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
| | - S Panja
- CSIR - National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi, 110012, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - S De
- Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics (IUCAA), Post Bag 4, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sharma L, Roy A, Panja S, De S. Atomic flux distribution from a low-divergent dark wall oven. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2019; 90:053202. [PMID: 31153271 DOI: 10.1063/1.5090199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nearly collimated atomic beam is of interest for a variety of experiments. This article reports a simple way of modifying the atomic beam distribution using a dark wall oven and describes detailed study of outcoming atoms' spatial distribution. A simple design is obtained by employing the fact that inhomogeneous thermal distribution along a capillary results due to its partial resistive heating. Based on this phenomenon, we have designed a dark wall oven consisting of a reservoir, collimator, and cold absorber at the exit end of atoms, where all three are fabricated out of a single stainless steel capillary. The nearly collimated spatial distribution of the atoms resulting due to the absorber eliminating the atoms diverging above a certain angle is modeled and experimentally verified. A divergence as minimum as 1.2(1)° corresponding to a half angle θ1/2 = 0.9(1)° is measured at an oven temperature of 250 °C that produces an atomic flux of about 8 × 109 atoms s-1. Total flux as estimated using our measured spatial distribution of atoms matches well with the numerically simulated values of it for the dark wall oven.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lakhi Sharma
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - A Roy
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - S Panja
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - S De
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India
| |
Collapse
|