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Proprioceptive manipulations in orthograde posture modulate postural control in low back pain patients: a pilot study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6860. [PMID: 35478206 PMCID: PMC9046231 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10701-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
As we stand upright, perceptual afferences are crucial to successfully help generating postural motor commands. Non-Specific Low Back Pain patients frequently demonstrate a lack of proprioceptive acuity, often translating into postural control deficiencies. For the first time, to our knowledge, we studied the postural effects of proprioceptive manipulations in orthograde posture on Non-Specific Low Back Pain patients. Using static posturography recordings, we computed sway speed, speed variance, and the main direction of sway. We also addressed the patient’s subjective feedbacks after being manipulated. Five minutes after the proprioceptive manipulations, our results revealed decreased speed and speed variance outcomes, but the main direction of sway was not modulated. Furthermore, after the proprioceptive manipulations, the patients also self-reported improved clinical outcomes. These findings provide new knowledge opening new fields of research as well as potential treatment strategies in Low Back Pain patients.
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Cai S, Pataillot-Meakin T, Shibakawa A, Ren R, Bevan CL, Ladame S, Ivanov AP, Edel JB. Single-molecule amplification-free multiplexed detection of circulating microRNA cancer biomarkers from serum. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3515. [PMID: 34112774 PMCID: PMC8192752 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23497-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play essential roles in post-transcriptional gene expression and are also found freely circulating in bodily fluids such as blood. Dysregulated miRNA signatures have been associated with many diseases including cancer, and miRNA profiling from liquid biopsies offers a promising strategy for cancer diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring. Here, we develop size-encoded molecular probes that can be used for simultaneous electro-optical nanopore sensing of miRNAs, allowing for ultrasensitive, sequence-specific and multiplexed detection directly in unprocessed human serum, in sample volumes as small as 0.1 μl. We show that this approach allows for femtomolar sensitivity and single-base mismatch selectivity. We demonstrate the ability to simultaneously monitor miRNAs (miR-141-3p and miR-375-3p) from prostate cancer patients with active disease and in remission. This technology can pave the way for next generation of minimally invasive diagnostic and companion diagnostic tests for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglin Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Science Research Hub, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Thomas Pataillot-Meakin
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Science Research Hub, London, W12 0BZ, UK
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, Sir Michael Uren Hub, London, W12 0BZ, UK
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Akifumi Shibakawa
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Ren Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Science Research Hub, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Charlotte L Bevan
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
| | - Sylvain Ladame
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, Sir Michael Uren Hub, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
| | - Aleksandar P Ivanov
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Science Research Hub, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
| | - Joshua B Edel
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Science Research Hub, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
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Medina-Ortiz K, López-Alvarez D, Navia F, Hansen T, Fierro L, Castaño S. Identification of Na +/K +-ATPase α/β isoforms in Rhinella marina tissues by RNAseq and a molecular docking approach at the protein level to evaluate α isoform affinities for bufadienolides. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2021; 254:110906. [PMID: 33476762 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.110906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA) function is inhibited by Bufadienolides (BD), a group of cardiotonic steroids (CTS) primarily produced by anurans of the Bufonidae family, such as Rhinella marina. This study characterized the presence of α and β NKA subunit isoforms in R. marina via RNAseq in four tissues: oocytes, skin, heart, and skeletal muscle. Transcripts encoding three α-like isoforms (α1, α2, α3) and three β-like isoforms (β1, β2, β4) were identified. The amino acid sequence of α1-like isoform shared 99.4% identity with the α1 isoform previously published for R. marina. Sequences for α2, α3, and β4 from R. marina were previously unavailable. The first extracellular loop in the α2-like isoform in R. marina showed similar substitutions to those found in their susceptible homologues in other taxa (L/Q111T and S119T); in contrast, this same loop in α3-like isoform showed similar substitutions (Q111L and G120R) to those reported for toad-eating animals such as snakes, which suggests relatively lower affinity for CTS. Docking results showed that all three α-like isoforms identified in R. marina transcriptomes have low affinity to CTS compared to the susceptible α1 isoform of Sus scrofa (pig), with α1-like isoform being the most resistant. The tissue-specific RNAseq results showed the following expression of NKA α-like and β-like subunit isoforms: Oocytes expressed α1 and β1; skin α1, β1, and low levels of β2; heart α1, α3, and β1; skeletal muscle α1, β4, with low levels of α2, α3, and β1. R. marina could be used as an important model for future structural, functional and pharmacological studies of NKA and its isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Medina-Ortiz
- Laboratorio de Herpetología y Toxinología, Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia.
| | - Diana López-Alvarez
- Laboratorio de Herpetología y Toxinología, Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Felipe Navia
- Laboratorio de Herpetología y Toxinología, Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Thomas Hansen
- Laboratorio de Herpetología y Toxinología, Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Leonardo Fierro
- Laboratorio de Herpetología y Toxinología, Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Santiago Castaño
- Laboratorio de Herpetología y Toxinología, Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia.
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Aljahdali NH, Sanad YM, Han J, Foley SL. Current knowledge and perspectives of potential impacts of Salmonella enterica on the profile of the gut microbiota. BMC Microbiol 2020; 20:353. [PMID: 33203384 PMCID: PMC7673091 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-020-02008-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past decade, the initial studies of the gut microbiota started focusing on the correlation of the composition of the gut microbiota and the health or diseases of the host, and there are extensive literature reviews pertaining to this theme. However, little is known about the association between the microbiota, the host, and pathogenic bacteria, such as Salmonella enterica, which is among the most important foodborne pathogens and identified as the source of multiple outbreaks linked to contaminated foods causing salmonellosis. Secretion systems, flagella, fimbriae, endotoxins, and exotoxins are factors that play the most important roles in the successful infection of the host cell by Salmonella. Infections with S. enterica, which is a threat to human health, can alter the genomic, taxonomic, and functional traits of the gut microbiota. The purpose of this review is to outline the state of knowledge on the impacts of S. enterica on the intestinal microbiota and highlight the need to identify the gut bacteria that could contribute to salmonellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesreen H Aljahdali
- Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Rd, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA.,Biological Science Department, College of Science, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasser M Sanad
- Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Rd, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA.,Department of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Pine Bluff, AR, USA.,Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Jing Han
- Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Rd, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Steven L Foley
- Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Rd, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA.
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