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Chen Y, Zhang J, Li F. Inhibitory role of remifentanil in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury through activation of Fmol/Parkin signaling pathway: A study based on network pharmacology analysis and high-throughput sequencing. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 128:155300. [PMID: 38518639 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was conducted to elucidate the critical molecular pathways underlying the protective effects of remifentanil against hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Our approach integrated network pharmacology analysis with high-throughput sequencing to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms involved. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS The study utilized GSE24430 gene expression data from GEO to investigate remifentanil's impact on Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in rats. Weighted Correlation Network Analysis (WGCNA) was employed to pinpoint crucial genes and identify modules of co-expressed genes. Differential analysis with the "Limma" package revealed genes differentially expressed in IRI vs. control groups. PubChem and PharmMapper provided target genes affected by remifentanil. Protein-protein interaction networks were constructed via GeneCards and STRING. Functional analysis pinpointed core genes involved in remifentanil's IRI alleviation. IRI rat models were established, and hepatic injury indicators, liver structure via H&E staining, autophagosome counts via electron microscopy, and gene/protein expression via RT-qPCR and Western blot were assessed. High-throughput sequencing analyzed molecular pathways affected by varying remifentanil doses in IRI rats. RESULTS In the study, we discovered four primary co-expression modules associated with hepatic IRI, and the grey module exhibited the highest correlation with hepatic IRI.A total of sixty-eight genes that were differentially expressed were found to have a connection with hepatic IRI.Network pharmacology analysis found that remifentanil may alleviate hepatic IRI through Fmol.found that the Fmol/Parkin signaling pathway may alleviate hepatic IRI via Additionally, the database autophagy. The established hepatic IRI rat models further confirmed the above findings. CONCLUSION Our study established that remifentanil triggers the Fmol/Parkin signaling cascade, amplifying the expression levels of Fmol and Parkin. This process culminates in the activation of autophagy within hepatic cells, ultimately alleviating hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisi Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Huai'an 223300, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Huai'an 223300, China
| | - Fayin Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Huai'an 223300, China
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Chang J, Zhang W. Remifentanil modulates the TLR4‑mediated MMP‑9/TIMP1 balance and NF‑κB/STAT3 signaling in LPS‑induced A549 cells. Exp Ther Med 2022; 25:79. [PMID: 36684659 PMCID: PMC9842940 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Remifentanil is a widely used in general anesthetic that has been found to suppress the inflammatory response in aortic endothelial cells. Therefore, it was hypothesized that remifentanil can inhibit inflammatory dysfunction in lung epithelial cells to alleviate acute lung injury (ALI). The present study aimed to examine the effects of remifentanil on inflammatory injury, MMP-9/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP1) balance and the potential associated regulatory pathways in A549 cells. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to treat A549 cells to establish ALI models. The possible roles of different concentrations of remifentanil in cell viability was then determined by CCK-8 and Lactate dehydrogenase release assay. Apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry analysis and western blotting. Inflammation and oxidative stress were measured by ELISA and corresponding kits respectively. Subsequently, the effects of remifentanil on Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression and the MMP-9/TIMP1 balance were assessed by western blotting and ELISA. In addition, the effects of remifentanil on NF-κB/STAT3 signaling were evaluated by measuring the protein expression levels of associated pathway components and the degree of NF-κB nuclear translocation using western blotting and immunofluorescence respectively. Remifentanil was found to increase cell viability whilst reducing apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress in the LPS-treated cells. In addition, TLR4 inhibitor CLI-095 suppressed MMP-9 expression and secretion while potentiating TIMP1 expression and secretion in LPS-challenged cells. Remifentanil treatment was able to modulate TLR4 to mediate LPS-induced MMP-9/TIMP1 imbalance and suppress the phosphorylation of NF-κB/STAT3 signaling components, in addition to inhibiting NF-κB nuclear translocation. Taken together, remifentanil downregulated TLR4 to reduce MMP-9/TIMP1 imbalance to inhibit inflammatory dysfunction in LPS-treated A549 cells, by regulating NF-κB/STAT3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030029, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030029, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Wei Zhang, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 3 Zhigongxin Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030029, P.R. China
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Liu J, Wang Y, Pan Q, Chen X, Qu Y, Zhu H, Zheng L, Fan Y. [D-Ala2, D-Leu5] Enkephalin Attenuates Hepatic Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury in Cirrhotic Rats. Front Surg 2022; 9:839296. [PMID: 35599785 PMCID: PMC9121017 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.839296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Hepatic ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common phenomenon that occurs after liver transplantation and liver tumor surgery. It can cause liver dysfunction and recovery failure after liver surgery, even leading to acute liver failure. Our aim is to investigate the protective effect and related potential mechanism of [D-Ala2, D-Leu5] enkephalin (DADLE) treatment on hepatic IRI in cirrhotic livers of rats. Methods The models of liver cirrhosis and hepatic IRI were established with male Sprague–Dawley rats. DADLE at a dose series of 0.5, 1, or 5 mg·kg−1 was injected intravenously to rats 10 min prior hepatic ischemia, followed by a 6- h reperfusion. The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), histological changes, and liver cell apoptosis were used to assess liver IRI. The optimal dose of DADLE was assessed by using the Suzuki score and ALT and AST levels. We repeated the hepatic IRI procedure on the optimal dose of the DADLE group and the delta opioid receptor (DOR) antagonist natrindole hydrochloride (NTD) injection group. Serum ALT and AST levels, histological staining, hepatic apoptosis, and serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 1 β (IL-1β) were measured. The expression of protein kinase B (Akt) and its downstream proteins were evaluated by using quantitative real-time polymerase chain action (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting. Results Compared with the control group, DADLE treatment at a dose of 5 mg·kg−1 reduced the Suzuki score (mean: 5.8, range: 5.0–6.6 vs. mean: 8.0, range: 7.0–8.9), the ALT level (134.3 ± 44.7 vs. 247.8 ± 104.6), and the AST (297.1 ± 112.7 vs. 660.8 ± 104.3) level. DOR antagonist NTD aggravated hepatic IRI. Compared with the control group, DADLE treatment decreased the number of apoptosis cells and microphages and neutrophils, increased the expression of Akt and its mRNA to much higher levels, and upregulated the mRNA and protein expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-2-associated death promoter (BAD). Conclusion DADLE treatment at a dose of 5 mg·kg−1 injected intravenously 10 min prior hepatic ischemia could contain rats’ hepatic IRI by activating DOR in cirrhotic livers. The effects of DADLE could be offset by NTD. The potential molecular mechanism seems to be involved in the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway.
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Yuan D, Zou Z, Li X, Cheng N, Guo N, Sun G, Liu D. A new side-effect of sufentanil: increased monocyte-endothelial adhesion. BMC Anesthesiol 2021; 21:267. [PMID: 34732147 PMCID: PMC8565079 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-021-01487-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Opioids have been identified by the World Health Organization to be 'indispensable for the relief of pain and suffering'. Side-effects, such as nausea, vomiting, postoperative delirium, and effects on breathing, of opioids have been well investigated; however, the influence of opioids on monocyte-endothelial adherence has never been reported. Therefore, we explored the effects of representative opioids, fentanyl, sufentanil, and remifentanil, on monocyte-endothelial adherence and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS We built a cell adhesion model with U937 monocytes and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Two kinds of connexin43 (Cx43) channel inhibitors, 18-α-GA and Gap 27, were used to alter Cx43 channel function in U937 monocytes and HUVECs, respectively, to determine the effects of Cx43 channels on U937-HUVEC adhesion. Subsequently, the effects of fentanyl, sufentanil and remifentanil on Cx43 channel function and U937-HUVEC adhesion were explored. RESULTS When fentanyl, sufentanil and remifentanil acted on monocytes or endothelial cells, their effects on monocyte-endothelial adherence differed. When acting on U937 monocytes, sufentanil significantly increased U937-HUVEC adhesion which was associated with reduced release of ATP from Cx43 channels, while fentanyl and remifentanil did not have these influences. Although sufentanil could also inhibit Cx43 channel function in HUVECs, it had no effect on ATP release from HUVECs or U937-HUVECs adhesion. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that sufentanil application increases monocyte-endothelial adherence which was associated with reduced release of ATP from Cx43 channels in monocytes. This side-effect of sufentanil should be considered seriously by clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The third affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-sen university, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Zhaowei Zou
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianlong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The third affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-sen university, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Nan Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The third affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-sen university, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Na Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The third affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-sen university, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Guoliang Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, The third affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-sen university, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Dezhao Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The third affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-sen university, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China.
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Interaction of Opioids with TLR4-Mechanisms and Ramifications. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13215274. [PMID: 34771442 PMCID: PMC8582379 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Recent evidence indicates that opioids can be active at a receptor that is abundantly expressed on innate immune cells as well as cancer cells: the receptor is termed toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). TLR4 is increasingly recognised as playing key roles in tumour biology and anticancer defences. However, the issue of whether TLR4 mediates some of the effects of opioids on tumour growth and metastasis is entirely unknown. We review existing evidence, mechanisms, and functional consequences of the action of opioids at TLR4. This opens new avenues of research on the role of opioids in cancer. Abstract The innate immune receptor toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is known as a sensor for the gram-negative bacterial cell wall component lipopolysaccharide (LPS). TLR4 activation leads to a strong pro-inflammatory response in macrophages; however, it is also recognised to play a key role in cancer. Recent studies of the opioid receptor (OR)-independent actions of opioids have identified that TLR4 can respond to opioids. Opioids are reported to weakly activate TLR4, but to significantly inhibit LPS-induced TLR4 activation. The action of opioids at TLR4 is suggested to be non-stereoselective, this is because OR-inactive (+)-isomers of opioids have been shown to activate or to inhibit TLR4 signalling, although there is some controversy in the literature. While some opioids can bind to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding cleft of the Myeloid Differentiation factor 2 (MD-2) co-receptor, pharmacological characterisation of the inhibition of opioids on LPS activation of TLR4 indicates a noncompetitive mechanism. In addition to a direct interaction at the receptor, opioids affect NF-κB activation downstream of both TLR4 and opioid receptors and modulate TLR4 expression, leading to a range of in vivo outcomes. Here, we review the literature reporting the activity of opioids at TLR4, its proposed mechanism(s), and the complex functional consequences of this interaction.
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Remifentanil preconditioning promotes liver regeneration via upregulation of β-arrestin 2/ERK/cyclin D1 pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 557:69-76. [PMID: 33862462 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Remifentanil is a potent, short-acting opioid analgesic drug that can protect tissues from ischemia and reperfusion injury though anti-inflammatory effects. However, the utility of remifentanil in liver regeneration after hepatectomy is not known. Using a 70% hepatectomy mouse model (PHx), we found that preconditioning animals with 4 μg/kg remifentanil enhanced liver regeneration through supporting hepatocyte proliferation but not through anti-inflammatory effects. These effects were also phenocopied in vitro where 40 mM remifentanil promoted the proliferation of primary mouse hepatocyte cultures. We further identified that remifentanil treatment increased the expression of β-arrestin 2 in vivo and in vitro. Demonstrating specificity, remifentanil preconditioning failed to promote liver regeneration in liver-specific β-arrestin 2 knockout (CKO) mice subjected to PHx. While remifentanil increased the expression of activated (phosphorylated)-ERK and cyclin D1 in PHx livers, their levels were not significantly changed in remifentanil-treated CKO mice nor in WT mice pretreated with the ERK inhibitor U0126. Our findings suggest that remifentanil promotes liver regeneration via upregulation of a β-arrestin 2/ERK/cyclin D1 axis, with implications for improving regeneration process after hepatectomy.
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Liu S, Luttrell LM, Premont RT, Rockey DC. Reply to Schierwagen et al.: β-Arrestins in liver disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:27085-27086. [PMID: 33144523 PMCID: PMC7959548 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2014931117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Songling Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Louis M Luttrell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Richard T Premont
- Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106
- Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Don C Rockey
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
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Zhou R, Li S, Mei X, Jiang T, Wang Q. Remifentanil up-regulates HIF1α expression to ameliorate hepatic ischaemia/reperfusion injury via the ZEB1/LIF axis. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:13196-13207. [PMID: 32996684 PMCID: PMC7701522 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced hepatic injury is regarded as a main reason of hepatic failure after transplantation or lobectomy. The current study aimed to investigate how the opioid analgesic remifentanil treatment affects I/R-induced hepatic injury and explore the possible mechanisms related to HIF1α. Initially, an I/R-induced hepatic injury animal model was established in C57BL/6 mice, and an in vitro hypoxia-reoxygenation model was constructed in NCTC-1469 cells, followed by remifentanil treatment and HIF1α silencing treatment. The levels of blood glucose, lipids, alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) in mouse serum were measured using automatic chemistry analyser, while the viability and apoptosis of cells were detected using CCK8 assay and flow cytometry. Our results revealed that mice with I/R-induced hepatic injury showed higher serum levels of blood glucose, lipids, ALT and AST and leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) expression, and lower HIF1α and ZEB1 expression (P < .05), which were reversed after remifentanil treatment (P < .05). Besides, HIF1α silencing increased the serum levels of blood glucose, lipids, ALT and AST (P < .05). Furthermore, hypoxia-induced NCTC-1469 cells exhibited decreased HIF1α and ZEB1 expression, reduced cell viability, as well as increased LIF expression and cell apoptosis (P < .05), which were reversed by remifentanil treatment (P < .05). Moreover, HIF1α silencing down-regulated ZEB1 expression, decreased cell viability, and increased cell apoptosis (P < .05). ZEB1 was identified to bind to the promoter region of LIF and inhibit its expression. In summary, remifentanil protects against hepatic I/R injury through HIF1α and downstream effectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongsheng Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaopeng Mei
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Jiménez-Castro MB, Cornide-Petronio ME, Gracia-Sancho J, Casillas-Ramírez A, Peralta C. Mitogen Activated Protein Kinases in Steatotic and Non-Steatotic Livers Submitted to Ischemia-Reperfusion. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071785. [PMID: 30974915 PMCID: PMC6479363 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We analyzed the participation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), namely p38, JNK and ERK 1/2 in steatotic and non-steatotic livers undergoing ischemia-reperfusion (I-R), an unresolved problem in clinical practice. Hepatic steatosis is a major risk factor in liver surgery because these types of liver tolerate poorly to I-R injury. Also, a further increase in the prevalence of steatosis in liver surgery is to be expected. The possible therapies based on MAPK regulation aimed at reducing hepatic I-R injury will be discussed. Moreover, we reviewed the relevance of MAPK in ischemic preconditioning (PC) and evaluated whether MAPK regulators could mimic its benefits. Clinical studies indicated that this surgical strategy could be appropriate for liver surgery in both steatotic and non-steatotic livers undergoing I-R. The data presented herein suggest that further investigations are required to elucidate more extensively the mechanisms by which these kinases work in hepatic I-R. Also, further researchers based in the development of drugs that regulate MAPKs selectively are required before such approaches can be translated into clinical liver surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jordi Gracia-Sancho
- Liver Vascular Biology Research Group, Barcelona Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory IDIBAPS, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Araní Casillas-Ramírez
- Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ciudad Vitoria, Ciudad Victoria 87087, Mexico.
- Facultad de Medicina e ingeniería en Sistemas Computacionales de Matamoros, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Matamoros 87300, México.
| | - Carmen Peralta
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona 08036, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
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