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Azariadis A, Vouligeas F, Salame E, Kouhen M, Rizou M, Blazakis K, Sotiriou P, Ezzat L, Mekkaoui K, Monzer A, Krokida A, Adamakis ID, Dandachi F, Shalha B, Kostelenos G, Figgou E, Giannoutsou E, Kalaitzis P. Response of Prolyl 4 Hydroxylases, Arabinogalactan Proteins and Homogalacturonans in Four Olive Cultivars under Long-Term Salinity Stress in Relation to Physiological and Morphological Changes. Cells 2023; 12:1466. [PMID: 37296587 PMCID: PMC10252747 DOI: 10.3390/cells12111466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Olive (Olea europeae L.) salinity stress induces responses at morphological, physiological and molecular levels, affecting plant productivity. Four olive cultivars with differential tolerance to salt were grown under saline conditions in long barrels for regular root growth to mimic field conditions. Arvanitolia and Lefkolia were previously reported as tolerant to salinity, and Koroneiki and Gaidourelia were characterized as sensitive, exhibiting a decrease in leaf length and leaf area index after 90 days of salinity. Prolyl 4-hydroxylases (P4Hs) hydroxylate cell wall glycoproteins such as arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs). The expression patterns of P4Hs and AGPs under saline conditions showed cultivar-dependent differences in leaves and roots. In the tolerant cultivars, no changes in OeP4H and OeAGP mRNAs were observed, while in the sensitive cultivars, the majority of OeP4Hs and OeAGPs were upregulated in leaves. Immunodetection showed that the AGP signal intensity and the cortical cell size, shape and intercellular spaces under saline conditions were similar to the control in Arvanitolia, while in Koroneiki, a weak AGP signal was associated with irregular cells and intercellular spaces, leading to aerenchyma formation after 45 days of NaCl treatment. Moreover, the acceleration of endodermal development and the formation of exodermal and cortical cells with thickened cell walls were observed, and an overall decrease in the abundance of cell wall homogalacturonans was detected in salt-treated roots. In conclusion, Arvanitolia and Lefkolia exhibited the highest adaptive capacity to salinity, indicating that their use as rootstocks might provide increased tolerance to irrigation with saline water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristotelis Azariadis
- Department of Horticultural Genetics & Biotechnology, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Alsyllion Agrokipiou, 73100 Chania, Greece
| | - Filippos Vouligeas
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Elige Salame
- Department of Horticultural Genetics & Biotechnology, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Alsyllion Agrokipiou, 73100 Chania, Greece
| | - Mohamed Kouhen
- Department of Horticultural Genetics & Biotechnology, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Alsyllion Agrokipiou, 73100 Chania, Greece
| | - Myrto Rizou
- Department of Horticultural Genetics & Biotechnology, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Alsyllion Agrokipiou, 73100 Chania, Greece
| | - Kostantinos Blazakis
- Department of Horticultural Genetics & Biotechnology, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Alsyllion Agrokipiou, 73100 Chania, Greece
| | - Penelope Sotiriou
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Lamia Ezzat
- Department of Horticultural Genetics & Biotechnology, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Alsyllion Agrokipiou, 73100 Chania, Greece
| | - Khansa Mekkaoui
- Department of Horticultural Genetics & Biotechnology, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Alsyllion Agrokipiou, 73100 Chania, Greece
| | - Aline Monzer
- Department of Horticultural Genetics & Biotechnology, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Alsyllion Agrokipiou, 73100 Chania, Greece
| | - Afroditi Krokida
- Department of Horticultural Genetics & Biotechnology, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Alsyllion Agrokipiou, 73100 Chania, Greece
| | | | - Faten Dandachi
- Department of Horticultural Genetics & Biotechnology, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Alsyllion Agrokipiou, 73100 Chania, Greece
| | - Boushra Shalha
- Department of Horticultural Genetics & Biotechnology, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Alsyllion Agrokipiou, 73100 Chania, Greece
| | | | - Eleftheria Figgou
- Department of Horticultural Genetics & Biotechnology, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Alsyllion Agrokipiou, 73100 Chania, Greece
| | - Eleni Giannoutsou
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Kalaitzis
- Department of Horticultural Genetics & Biotechnology, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Alsyllion Agrokipiou, 73100 Chania, Greece
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Potentiation of the activity of Escherichia coli chaperone DnaJ by tailing hyper-acidic minipeptides. J Biotechnol 2021; 341:86-95. [PMID: 34563565 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The chaperone network plays an essential role in cellular protein homeostasis. However, some core components often coaggregate with misfolded proteins for sequestration and dysfunction, leading to abnormal cell proteostasis, aggregation-associated disorders, and poor solubility of overexpressed recombinant proteins. Among them, DnaJ or its ortholog, an obligate co-chaperone in the tripartite DnaK-DnaJ-GrpE system, is of more implications, probably due to its intrinsic propensity for aggregation. Herein, we potentiated the activity of Escherichia coli DnaJ by using hyper-acidified protein fusion strategy. We found DnaJ did possess only a moderate solubility that could be remarkably improved by fusing hyper-acidic minipeptides. Most importantly, we revealed the hyper-acidified DnaJ with a fusion tail could outperform its native form (significantly up to 2.1-fold) to enhance the solubility of target proteins and meanwhile appropriately impart them an elevated activity. These results suggest the hyper-acidified DnaJs can chaperone target proteins with correct folding into a truly soluble and active form. Moreover, we showed these hyper-acidified DnaJ variants could surpass its prototype to confer E. coli or yeast an enhanced heat tolerance, and DnaJ itself could be solubilized by its hyper-acidified fusion cognates. Finally, we discussed the overall mechanism for DnaJ activity potentiation mediated by hyper-acidic tailing fusion.
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