1
|
Hayashi Y, Okumura H, Arioka Y, Kushima I, Mori D, Lo T, Otgonbayar G, Kato H, Nawa Y, Kimura H, Aleksic B, Ozaki N. Analysis of human neuronal cells carrying ASTN2 deletion associated with psychiatric disorders. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:236. [PMID: 38830862 PMCID: PMC11148150 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02962-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent genetic studies have found common genomic risk variants among psychiatric disorders, strongly suggesting the overlaps in their molecular and cellular mechanism. Our research group identified the variant in ASTN2 as one of the candidate risk factors across these psychiatric disorders by whole-genome copy number variation analysis. However, the alterations in the human neuronal cells resulting from ASTN2 variants identified in patients remain unknown. To address this, we used patient-derived and genome-edited iPS cells with ASTN2 deletion; cells were further differentiated into neuronal cells. A comprehensive gene expression analysis using genome-edited iPS cells with variants on both alleles revealed that the expression level of ZNF558, a gene specifically expressed in human forebrain neural progenitor cells, was greatly reduced in ASTN2-deleted neuronal cells. Furthermore, the expression of the mitophagy-related gene SPATA18, which is repressed by ZNF558, and mitophagy activity were increased in ASTN2-deleted neuronal cells. These phenotypes were also detected in neuronal cells differentiated from patient-derived iPS cells with heterozygous ASTN2 deletion. Our results suggest that ASTN2 deletion is related to the common pathogenic mechanism of psychiatric disorders by regulating mitophagy via ZNF558.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hayashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroki Okumura
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
- Pathophysiology of Mental Disorders, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuko Arioka
- Pathophysiology of Mental Disorders, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
- Center for Advanced Medicine and Clinical Research, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Itaru Kushima
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Pathophysiology of Mental Disorders, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Medical Genomics Center, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Daisuke Mori
- Pathophysiology of Mental Disorders, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Brain and Mind Research Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tzuyao Lo
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Gantsooj Otgonbayar
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Kato
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kimura
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Branko Aleksic
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Norio Ozaki
- Pathophysiology of Mental Disorders, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ikari N, Honjo K, Sagami Y, Nakamura Y, Arakawa H. Mieap forms membrane-less organelles involved in cardiolipin metabolism. iScience 2024; 27:108916. [PMID: 38322995 PMCID: PMC10845071 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Biomolecular condensates (BCs) are formed by proteins with intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) via liquid-liquid phase separation. Mieap/Spata18, a p53-inducible protein, participates in suppression of colorectal tumors by promoting mitochondrial quality control. However, the regulatory mechanism involved remains unclear. Here, we report that Mieap is an IDR-containing protein that drives formation of BCs involved in cardiolipin metabolism. Mieap BCs specifically phase separate the mitochondrial phospholipid, cardiolipin. Mieap directly binds to cardiolipin in vitro. Lipidomic analysis of cardiolipin suggests that Mieap promotes enzymatic reactions in cardiolipin biosynthesis and remodeling. Accordingly, four cardiolipin biosynthetic enzymes, TAMM41, PGS1, PTPMT1, and CRLS1 and two remodeling enzymes, PLA2G6 and TAZ, are phase-separated by Mieap BCs. Mieap-deficient cells exhibit altered crista structure, leading to decreased respiration activity and ATP production in mitochondria. These results suggest that Mieap may form membrane-less organelles to compartmentalize and facilitate cardiolipin metabolism, thus potentially contributing to mitochondrial quality control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Ikari
- Division of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Katsuko Honjo
- Division of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yoko Sagami
- Division of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Nakamura
- Division of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Arakawa
- Division of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu J, Bai X, Zhang M, Wu S, Xiao J, Zeng X, Li Y, Zhang Z. Energy metabolism: a new target for gastric cancer treatment. Clin Transl Oncol 2024; 26:338-351. [PMID: 37477784 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03278-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fifth most common malignancy worldwide having the fourth highest mortality rate. Energy metabolism is key and closely linked to tumour development. Most important in the reprogramming of cancer metabolism is the Warburg effect, which suggests that tumour cells will utilise glycolysis even with normal oxygen levels. Various molecules exert their effects by acting on enzymes in the glycolytic pathway, integral to glycolysis. Second, mitochondrial abnormalities in the reprogramming of energy metabolism, with consequences for glutamine metabolism, the tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation, abnormal fatty acid oxidation and plasma lipoprotein metabolism are important components of tumour metabolism. Third, inflammation-induced oxidative stress is a danger signal for cancer. Fourth, patterns of signalling pathways involve all aspects of metabolic transduction, and many clinical drugs exert their anticancer effects through energy metabolic signalling. This review summarises research on energy metabolism genes, enzymes and proteins and transduction pathways associated with gastric cancer, and discusses the mechanisms affecting their effects on postoperative treatment resistance and prognoses of gastric cancer. We believe that an in-depth understanding of energy metabolism reprogramming will aid the diagnosis and subsequent treatment of gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangrong Liu
- Cancer Research Institute of Hengyang Medical School, Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Hunan Province, University of South China, 28 Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Bai
- Cancer Research Institute of Hengyang Medical School, Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Hunan Province, University of South China, 28 Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Meilan Zhang
- Cancer Research Institute of Hengyang Medical School, Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Hunan Province, University of South China, 28 Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shihua Wu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shaoyang College, Shaoyang, 422000, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Xiao
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Zeng
- Cancer Research Institute of Hengyang Medical School, Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Hunan Province, University of South China, 28 Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuwei Li
- Cancer Research Institute of Hengyang Medical School, Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Hunan Province, University of South China, 28 Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- Cancer Research Institute of Hengyang Medical School, Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Hunan Province, University of South China, 28 Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hao T, Yu J, Wu Z, Jiang J, Gong L, Wang B, Guo H, Zhao H, Lu B, Engelender S, He H, Song Z. Hypoxia-reprogramed megamitochondrion contacts and engulfs lysosome to mediate mitochondrial self-digestion. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4105. [PMID: 37433770 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39811-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the key organelles for sensing oxygen, which is consumed by oxidative phosphorylation to generate ATP. Lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes that degrade misfolded proteins and damaged organelles to maintain cellular homeostasis. Mitochondria physically and functionally interact with lysosomes to regulate cellular metabolism. However, the mode and biological functions of mitochondria-lysosome communication remain largely unknown. Here, we show that hypoxia remodels normal tubular mitochondria into megamitochondria by inducing broad inter-mitochondria contacts and subsequent fusion. Importantly, under hypoxia, mitochondria-lysosome contacts are promoted, and certain lysosomes are engulfed by megamitochondria, in a process we term megamitochondria engulfing lysosome (MMEL). Both megamitochondria and mature lysosomes are required for MMEL. Moreover, the STX17-SNAP29-VAMP7 complex contributes to mitochondria-lysosome contacts and MMEL under hypoxia. Intriguingly, MMEL mediates a mode of mitochondrial degradation, which we termed mitochondrial self-digestion (MSD). Moreover, MSD increases mitochondrial ROS production. Our results reveal a mode of crosstalk between mitochondria and lysosomes and uncover an additional pathway for mitochondrial degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianshu Hao
- College of Life Sciences, Taikang center for life and medical sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Jianglong Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Taikang center for life and medical sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Zhida Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Taikang center for life and medical sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Taikang center for life and medical sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Longlong Gong
- College of Life Sciences, Taikang center for life and medical sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Bingjun Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Taikang center for life and medical sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Hanze Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Taikang center for life and medical sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Huabin Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Taikang center for life and medical sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Bin Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Simone Engelender
- Department of Biochemistry, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - He He
- College of Life Sciences, Taikang center for life and medical sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China.
| | - Zhiyin Song
- College of Life Sciences, Taikang center for life and medical sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ikari N, Arakawa H. Identification of a mitochondrial targeting sequence in cathepsin D and its localization in mitochondria. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 655:25-34. [PMID: 36921448 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Cathepsin D (CTSD) is a major lysosomal protease harboring an N-terminal signal peptide (amino acids 1-20) to enable vesicular transport from endoplasmic reticulum to lysosomes. Here, we report the possibility of a mitochondrial targeting sequence and mitochondrial localization of CTSD in cells. Live-cell imaging analysis with C-terminal enhanced green fluorescent protein-tagged CTSD (EGFP-CTSD) indicated that CTSD localizes to mitochondria. CTSD amino acids 21-35 are responsible for its mitochondrial localization, which exhibit typical features of mitochondrial targeting sequences, and are evolutionarily conserved. A proteinase K protection assay and sucrose gradient analysis showed that a small population of endogenous CTSD molecules exists in mitochondria. These results suggest that CTSD is a dual-targeted protein that may localize in both lysosomes and mitochondria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Ikari
- Division of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Arakawa
- Division of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang L, Klionsky DJ, Shen HM. The emerging mechanisms and functions of microautophagy. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2023; 24:186-203. [PMID: 36097284 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-022-00529-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 107.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
'Autophagy' refers to an evolutionarily conserved process through which cellular contents, such as damaged organelles and protein aggregates, are delivered to lysosomes for degradation. Different forms of autophagy have been described on the basis of the nature of the cargoes and the means used to deliver them to lysosomes. At present, the prevailing categories of autophagy in mammalian cells are macroautophagy, microautophagy and chaperone-mediated autophagy. The molecular mechanisms and biological functions of macroautophagy and chaperone-mediated autophagy have been extensively studied, but microautophagy has received much less attention. In recent years, there has been a growth in research on microautophagy, first in yeast and then in mammalian cells. Here we review this form of autophagy, focusing on selective forms of microautophagy. We also discuss the upstream regulatory mechanisms, the crosstalk between macroautophagy and microautophagy, and the functional implications of microautophagy in diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders in humans. Future research into microautophagy will provide opportunities to develop novel interventional strategies for autophagy- and lysosome-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liming Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Daniel J Klionsky
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Han-Ming Shen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macau, China. .,Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhu L, Wu X, Liao R. Mechanism and regulation of mitophagy in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): A mini-review. Life Sci 2022; 312:121162. [PMID: 36372213 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been hypothesized to play a central role in the pathobiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Thus, maintenance of mitochondria homeostasis and function is important for NAFLD treatment. Mitophagy, a process that selectively clears damaged or dysfunctional mitochondria through autophagic machinery, is beneficial for mitochondrial homeostasis. Notably, strategies that regulate mitophagy exert beneficial effects in preclinical experiments. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a natural product including active ingredients, extracts, and has great potential in the prevention and treatment of liver diseases. Given the importance of mitophagy, this review summarizes mitophagy-related pathways and the latest findings on the regulation of mitophagy in NAFLD. We also highlight the potential of TCM targeting mitophagy for the treatment of NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Zhu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, Shanghai, China.
| | - Rongrong Liao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hamada K, Kurashige T, Shimamura M, Arakawa H, Nakamura Y, Nagayama Y. MIEAP and ATG5 are tumor suppressors in a mouse model of BRAF V600E-positive thyroid cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:932754. [PMID: 36187114 PMCID: PMC9519861 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.932754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria-eating protein (MIEAP) is a molecule important for non-canonical mitophagy and thought to be a tumor suppressor. Our previous study found that MIEAP expression is defective in thyroid oncocytomas, irrespective of being benign or malignant, and also in non-oncocytic thyroid cancers. Thyroid oncocytomas are composed of large polygonal cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm that is rich in abnormal mitochondria. Thus, our data indicate that, together with increased mitochondrial biogenesis that compensates for the dysfunction of the mitochondria, MIEAP plays a critical role in the accumulation of mitochondria in thyroid oncocytic tumors, whereas a defective MIEAP expression alone is not sufficient for mitochondrial accumulation in non-oncocytic cancers with normal mitochondria. To clarify whether MIEAP is a tumor suppressor in the thyroids and whether MIEAP knockout (KO) alone is sufficient for the oncocytic phenotype and also to extend our effort toward canonical mitophagy (a selective autophagy), we here conducted mouse studies using genetically engineered mice. BrafCA/wt mice developed thyroid cancers 1 year after intrathyroidal injection of adenovirus expressing Cre, while cancer development was observed at 6 months in adenovirus-Cre-injected BrafCA/wt;MieapKO/KO and BrafCA/wt;Atg5flox/flox mice [where autophagy-related 5 (ATG5) is a component of autophagic machinery], although KO of either molecule alone was not sufficient for cancer development. These data demonstrate that MIEAP or ATG5 KO accelerated thyroid cancer development. However, cancers in adenovirus-Cre-injected BrafCA/wt ;MieapKO/KO and BrafCA/wt ;Atg5flox/flox mice were not oncocytic. In conclusion, we here show that MIEAP and ATG5 are both tumor suppressors in thyroid carcinogenesis, but as we have anticipated from our previous data, KO of either molecule does not confer the oncocytic phenotype to BRAFV600E-positive thyroid cancers. The combination of disruptive mitochondrial function and impaired mitochondrial quality control may be necessary to establish a mouse model of thyroid oncocytoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Hamada
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute and Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of General Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tomomi Kurashige
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute and Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Mika Shimamura
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute and Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Arakawa
- Division of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Nakamura
- Division of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Nagayama
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute and Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang Z, Bo H, Song Y, Li C, Zhang Y. Mitochondrial ROS Produced by Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria Promote the Decisive Signal for UPRmt Activation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:7436577. [PMID: 35237690 PMCID: PMC8885241 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7436577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) can repair and remove misfolded or unfolded proteins in mitochondria and enhance mitochondrial protein homeostasis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by regular exercise is a crucial signal for promoting health, and skeletal muscle mitochondria are the primary source of ROS during exercise. To verify whether UPRmt is related to ROS produced by mitochondria in skeletal muscle during regular exercise, we adapted MitoTEMPO, mitochondrially targeted antioxidants, and ROS production by mitochondria. Our results showed that mitochondrial ROS is the key factor for activating UPRmt in different pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise, Physiology and Sports Medicine, Research Center for Exercise & Health Science, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Hai Bo
- Department of Military Training Medicines, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin 300162, China
| | - Yu Song
- Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise, Physiology and Sports Medicine, Research Center for Exercise & Health Science, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Can Li
- Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise, Physiology and Sports Medicine, Research Center for Exercise & Health Science, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise, Physiology and Sports Medicine, Research Center for Exercise & Health Science, Tianjin 301617, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Panahi A, Mirza Ahmadi S, Asaadi Tehrani G. Comparison between SPATA18 and P53 Gene Expressions in The Sperm Cells Obtained from Normospermic and Asthenospermic Samples: A Case-Control Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FERTILITY & STERILITY 2022; 16:122-127. [PMID: 35639655 PMCID: PMC9108294 DOI: 10.22074/ijfs.2021.138190.1029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Improving sperm motility results in increasing the success of a treatment cycle. Recently, sperm RNA has been used for diagnostic purposes such as whole seminal fluid, sperm analysis, and sperm quality test in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI). SPATA18-P53 pathway is considered an essential pathway related to sperm mitochondria, which controls mitochondrial quality by eliminating its oxidative proteins. Oxidative stress may decrease sperm motility and affect sperm quality negatively due to an increase in P53 expression. SPATA18 protein is found in satellite fibers related to outer dense fibers in the middle piece of sperm. The downregulation of SPATA18 in the asthenospermia group can represent this gene's critical function in sperm motility and fertility. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between SPATA18 and P53 gene expression in sperm cells obtained from normospermia and asthenospermia. Materials and Methods In this case-control study, the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique was used to measure the SPATA18 and P53 gene expression level in sperm samples collected from 21 patients and 63 healthy individuals. Further, the sperm DNA fragmentation assay (SDFA) kit was applied to determine the relative apoptosis level in cells and evaluate the biochemical information related to the patients' sperm samples. Furthermore, all the participants completed the consent form, and the ethics committee confirmed the study. Results Based on the results, the P53 and SPATA18 gene expression levels in most of the samples, in which motility was less than 40%, increased and decreased (P≤0.001), respectively. Conclusion The SPATA18 and P53 gene expression levels increased and decreased in the asthenospermic patients, respectively, compared to the control group. Thus, the P53 and SPATA18 expression levels can be used as an appropriate marker for diagnosing sperm motility in males.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sina Mirza Ahmadi
- P.O.Box: 58145-45156Department of the GeneticsZanjan BranchIslamic Azad UniversityZanjanIran
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mussazhanova Z, Shimamura M, Kurashige T, Ito M, Nakashima M, Nagayama Y. Causative role for defective expression of mitochondria-eating protein in accumulation of mitochondria in thyroid oncocytic cell tumors. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:2814-2823. [PMID: 32458504 PMCID: PMC7419045 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncocytic cell tumor of the thyroid is composed of large polygonal cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm that is rich in mitochondria. These tumors frequently have the mutations in mitochondrial DNA encoding the mitochondrial electron transport system complex I. However, the mechanism for accumulation of abnormal mitochondria is unknown. A noncanonical mitophagy system has recently been identified, and mitochondria-eating protein (MIEAP) plays a key role in this system. We therefore hypothesized that accumulation of abnormal mitochondria could be attributed to defective MIEAP expression in these tumors. We first show that MIEAP was expressed in all the conventional thyroid follicular adenomas (FAs)/adenomatous goiters (AGs) but not in oncocytic FAs/AGs; its expression was defective not only in oncocytic thyroid cancers but also in the majority of conventional thyroid cancers. Expression of MIEAP was not correlated with methylation status of the 5'-UTR of the gene. Our functional analysis showed that exogenously induced MIEAP, but not PARK2, reduced the amounts of abnormal mitochondria, as indicated by decreased reactive oxygen species levels, mitochondrial DNA / nuclear DNA ratios, and cytoplasmic acidification. Therefore, together with previous studies showing that impaired mitochondrial function triggers compensatory mitochondrial biogenesis that causes an increase in the amounts of mitochondria, we conclude that, in oncocytic cell tumors of the thyroid, increased abnormal mitochondria cannot be efficiently eliminated because of a loss of MIEAP expression, ie impaired MIEAP-mediated noncanonical mitophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhanna Mussazhanova
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.,High Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Care, Al Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Mika Shimamura
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tomomi Kurashige
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ito
- Department of Pathology, National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center, Omura, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakashima
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yuji Nagayama
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|