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Ilakiyalakshmi M, Dhanasekaran K, Napoleon AA. A Review on Recent Development of Phenothiazine-Based Chromogenic and Fluorogenic Sensors for the Detection of Cations, Anions, and Neutral Analytes. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2024; 382:29. [PMID: 39237745 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-024-00474-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
This review provides an in-depth examination of recent progress in the development of chemosensors, with a particular emphasis on colorimetric and fluorescent probes. It systematically explores various sensing mechanisms, including metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT), ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT), photoinduced electron transfer (PET), intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), and elucidates the mechanism of action for cation and anion chemosensors. Special attention is given to phenothiazine-based fluorescence probes, highlighting their exceptional sensitivity and rapid detection abilities for a broad spectrum of analytes, including cations, anions, and small molecules. Phenothiazine chemosensors have emerged as versatile tools widely employed in a multitude of applications, spanning environmental and biomedical fields. Furthermore, it addresses existing challenges and offers insights into future research directions, aiming to facilitate the continued advancement of phenothiazine-based fluorescent probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Ilakiyalakshmi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Kumudhavalli Dhanasekaran
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Ayyakannu Arumugam Napoleon
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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2
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Choi MG, Han J, Ahn S, Chang SK. A colorimetric and fluorescent signaling probe for assaying Pd 2+ in practical samples. RSC Adv 2023; 13:31962-31968. [PMID: 37920198 PMCID: PMC10618942 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra05549c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We developed an optical signaling probe to detect Pd2+ ions in Pd-containing catalyst and drug candidate. The Pd2+ signaling probe (Res-DT) was readily prepared by reacting the versatile fluorochrome resorufin with phenyl chlorodithioformate. In a phosphate-buffered saline solution (pH 7.4) containing sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as a signal-boosting surfactant, Res-DT exhibited a pronounced colorimetric response with a chromogenic yellow to magenta shift, leading to a substantial increase in the fluorescence intensity. The Pd2+ signaling performance of Res-DT was attributed to the Pd2+-promoted hydrolysis of the dithioate moiety. The probe displayed high selectivity toward Pd2+ ions and remained unaffected by commonly encountered coexisting components. Moreover, the detection limit of Res-DT for Pd2+ ions was 10 nM, and the signaling was achieved within 7 min. Furthermore, to demonstrate the real-world applicability of Res-DT, a Pd2+ assay was performed in Pd-containing catalyst and drug candidate using an office scanner as an easily accessible measurement device. Our results highlight the prospects of Res-DT as a tool to detect Pd2+ ions in various practical samples, with potential applications in catalysis, medicine, and environmental science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung Gil Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea +82 2 825 4736 +82 2 820 5199
| | - Juyoung Han
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea +82 2 825 4736 +82 2 820 5199
| | - Sangdoo Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea +82 2 825 4736 +82 2 820 5199
| | - Suk-Kyu Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea +82 2 825 4736 +82 2 820 5199
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Li H, Li J, Pan Z, Zheng T, Song Y, Zhang J, Xiao Z. Highly selective and sensitive detection of Hg 2+ by a novel fluorescent probe with dual recognition sites. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 291:122379. [PMID: 36682255 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A novel thionocarbonate-coumarin-thiourea triad-based probe with dual recognition sites for sensing mercury (Hg2+) ion was developed. The synthesized probe possessed both fluorogenic ("off-on") and chromogenic (from colorless to blackish brown) sensing performance towards Hg2+ ions. The fluorescence intensity was increased by 70 fold after the addition of Hg2+. As expected, the probe exhibited excellent selectivity and sensitivity for Hg2+ compared to other common competitive metal ions. The fluorescence intensity of the probe improved linearly with the increase of the concentration of Hg2+ (0-40 μM). Also, the minimum limit of detection (LOD) of the synthesized probe was 0.12 μM. Considering the importance of test feasibility in the harsh environment, the developed probe was applicable for detecting Hg2+ ions over a broad working pH range of 3-11. It is reliable and qualifies for the quantitative determination of Hg2+ concentrations in actual water samples. Finally, the probe achieved the bioimaging performance of Hg2+ in living cells and plants with good biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, PR China.
| | - Jiayin Li
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Zhixiu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Tao Zheng
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, 2800, Denmark.
| | - Yanxi Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Zhongwen Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, PR China
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Bhagat S, Shaikh H, Nafady A, Sirajuddin, Sherazi STH, Bhanger MI, Shah MR, Abro MI, Memon R, Bhagat R. Trace Level Colorimetric Hg2+ Sensor Driven by Citrus japonica Leaf Extract Derived Silver Nanoparticles: Green Synthesis and Application. J CLUST SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-021-02109-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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5
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Jiang L, Zheng T, Xu Z, Li J, Li H, Tang J, Liu S, Wang Y. New NIR spectroscopic probe with a large Stokes shift for Hg 2+ and Ag + detection and living cells imaging. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 271:120916. [PMID: 35085998 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.120916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A new near-infrared (NIR) probe based on a coumarinyl ligand (CL) was designed and synthesized. The probe CL can be used for simultaneous fluorescent turn-on and colorimetric detection of Hg2+ and Ag+ in ethanol/water medium. Colorless solution of probe CL changed to light yellow or dark yellow after addition of Hg2+ or Ag+ ions. Meanwhile the maximum absorption band shifted from 379 nm to 404 nm and the intensity increased enormously (for Hg2+) or moderately (for Ag+). Probe CL displayed an extraordinarily large Stokes shift of 316 nm and addition of Hg2+ or Ag+ to probe CL induced enhancement in the intensity of fluorescence emission at 695 nm by 15 or 8 fold. The detection limit of CL for Hg2+ and Ag+ ions is 0.83 and 8.8 μM, respectively. The applicable pH for sensing Hg2+ by probe CL is in a broad range of 2-12. Application of probe CL for in vitro U87MG cell imaging to detect Hg2+ ions was confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Tao Zheng
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark.
| | - Zhenxiang Xu
- Penglai Xinguang Pigment Chemical Co, Ltd, Penglai 265601, China
| | - Jiayin Li
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Hongqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Junjie Tang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Shicheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yiyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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Choi MG, Yun BH, Kim HM, Ahn S, Chang SK. Colorimetric screening of elevated urinary mercury levels by a novel Hg 2+-selective probe of resorufin phosphinothioate. RSC Adv 2022; 12:24107-24113. [PMID: 36093249 PMCID: PMC9400507 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04093j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary mercury levels are the most reliable indicators of mercury exposure but identifying them requires complex techniques and heavy instruments. In this research, we reported a simple and convenient urinary mercury analysis method using a readily available office scanner. Probe MP-1 synthesized by the reaction of resorufin and dimethylthiophosphinoyl chloride revealed Hg2+-selective chromogenic and fluorescent signaling behavior. Signaling was realized through Hg2+-induced deprotection of the phosphinothioate protecting group in the resorufin-based probe MP-1 to yield the parent fluorochrome. A pronounced colorimetric response of color change from light yellow to pink alongside a turn-on type fluorescence enhancement was perceived exclusively toward Hg2+ ions over other metal ions and anions. The colorimetry provided a more advantageous ratiometric approach than the simple fluorometric analysis exhibiting an off–on type response, with a detection limit of 12 nM (2.4 ppb). The Hg2+ signaling of the MP-1 probe was not disturbed by the presence of coexisting metal ions and anions. The sensitive and convenient diagnosis of clinically important neurological symptoms and fatal inorganic mercury levels in urine was successfully demonstrated using a standard office scanner. A Hg2+ selective signaling probe, resorufin phosphinothioate, for the colorimetric diagnosis of clinically elevated mercury levels in urine samples using an office scanner was developed.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung Gil Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Hoon Yun
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Min Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangdoo Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Kyu Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
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Simple and Equipment-Free Paper-Based Device for Determination of Mercury in Contaminated Soil. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26072004. [PMID: 33916065 PMCID: PMC8037038 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26072004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This work presents a simple and innovative protocol employing a microfluidic paper-based analytical device (µPAD) for equipment-free determination of mercury. In this method, mercury (II) forms an ionic-association complex of tetraiodomercurate (II) ion (HgI42−(aq)) using a known excess amount of iodide. The residual iodide flows by capillary action into a second region of the paper where it is converted to iodine by pre-deposited iodate to liberate I2(g) under acidic condition. Iodine vapor diffuses across the spacer region of the µPAD to form a purple colored of tri-iodide starch complex in a detection zone located in a separate layer of the µPAD. The digital image of the complex is analyzed using ImageJ software. The method has a linear calibration range of 50–350 mg L−1 Hg with the detection limit of 20 mg L−1. The method was successfully applied to the determination of mercury in contaminated soil and water samples which the results agreed well with the ICP-MS method. Three soil samples were highly contaminated with mercury above the acceptable WHO limits (0.05 mg kg−1). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first colorimetric µPAD method that is applicable for soil samples including mercury contaminated soils from gold mining areas.
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Tetraphenylethene-based fluorescent probe with aggregation-induced emission behavior for Hg 2+ detection and its application. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1148:238178. [PMID: 33516382 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A tetraphenylethene (TPE) derivative was designed and synthesized upon conjugation with bis(thiophen-2-ylmethyl) amine (BTA) containing a mercury-binding moiety and further characterized by using Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), LC-MS, UV-Vis, and fluorescence spectroscopic methods. The resulting TPE-BTA exhibited comprehensive aggregation-induced emission while expressing a high quantum yield and emission intensity at 70% water fraction. The probe exhibited a good photochromic effect with a Stokes shift of 178 nm, and the emission intensity at 550 nm increased considerably with the color turning from dark green to bright green under a UV lamp upon the addition of 5 μM Hg2+. The lowest-energy conformation of the probe showed that two thiophene rings were perpendicular to the phenyl ring, while two BTA molecules were situated in a staggered form to each other. The sulfur and nitrogen atoms present in TPE-BTA were coordinated to the Hg2+ ion, and these binding sites were confirmed by the NMR parameters, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy signals, and structural calculations. The binding of Hg2+ to TPE-BTA was believed to restrict the intramolecular motion of TPE-BTA, thus inducing it to shine brighter according to the unique aggregation-induced emission effect. The concentration of Hg2+ was determined based on the enhancement of the emission intensity, and the present probe showed an extremely high sensitivity with a limit of detection of 10.5 nM. Furthermore, TPE-BTA enabled selective detection of Hg2+ even in the presence of a 1000-fold excess of other interfering metal ions. The proposed method was successfully employed to determine Hg2+ in living HeLa cells and real water samples.
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Tian L, Feng H, Dai Z, Zhang R. Resorufin-based responsive probes for fluorescence and colorimetric analysis. J Mater Chem B 2020; 9:53-79. [PMID: 33226060 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01628d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The fluorescence imaging technique has attracted increasing attention in the detection of various biological molecules in situ and in real-time owing to its inherent advantages including high selectivity and sensitivity, outstanding spatiotemporal resolution and fast feedback. In the past few decades, a number of fluorescent probes have been developed for bioassays and imaging by exploiting different fluorophores. Among various fluorophores, resorufin exhibits a high fluorescence quantum yield, long excitation/emission wavelength and pronounced ability in both fluorescence and colorimetric analysis. This fluorophore has been widely utilized in the design of responsive probes specific for various bioactive species. In this review, we summarize the advances in the development of resorufin-based fluorescent probes for detecting various analytes, such as cations, anions, reactive (redox-active) sulfur species, small molecules and biological macromolecules. The chemical structures of probes, response mechanisms, detection limits and practical applications are investigated, which is followed by the discussion of recent challenges and future research perspectives. This review article is expected to promote the further development of resorufin-based responsive fluorescent probes and their biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Tian
- Key Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterials and Technology in Universities of Shandong, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, P. R. China.
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Morsby JJ, Dharmarwardana M, McGarraugh H, Smith BD. Supramolecular optimization of the visual contrast for colorimetric indicator assays that release resorufin dye. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:9296-9299. [PMID: 32666982 PMCID: PMC7429340 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03551c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A tetralactam macrocycle acts as a novel supramolecular adjuvant to capture a released resorufin dye and create a higher contrasting yellow/blue color change for enhanced naked eye interpretation of a colorimetric indicator assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janeala J Morsby
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
| | - Madushani Dharmarwardana
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
| | - Hannah McGarraugh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
| | - Bradley D Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
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Yao L, Gao S, Liu S, Bi Y, Wang R, Qu H, Wu Y, Mao Y, Zheng L. Single-Atom Enzyme-Functionalized Solution-Gated Graphene Transistor for Real-Time Detection of Mercury Ion. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:6268-6275. [PMID: 31933362 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b19434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mercury ion (Hg2+), a bioaccumulating and toxic heavy metal, can cause severe damages to the environment and human health. Therefore, development of high-performance Hg2+ sensors is highly desirable. Herein, we construct a uniform dodecahedral shaped N-doped carbon decorated by single Fe site enzyme (Fe-N-C SAE), which exhibits good performance for Hg2+ detection. The N atom on Fe-N-C SAE can specifically recognize Hg2+ through chelation between Hg2+ and N atom, while the catalytic site on the single-atom enzyme acts as a signal amplifier. The Fe-N-C SAE-functionalized solution-gated graphene transistor exhibits a dramatic improvement in the selectivity and sensitivity of the devices. The sensor can rapidly detect Hg2+ down to 1 nM within 2 s. Besides, a relatively good repeatability and reproducibility for the detection of Hg2+ have also been found in our sensor platform. Our findings expand the application of single-atom catalysts in the field of food safety and environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Yao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Hefei University of Technology , Hefei , Anhui 230009 , China
| | - Shengjie Gao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Hefei University of Technology , Hefei , Anhui 230009 , China
| | - Shuai Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Hefei University of Technology , Hefei , Anhui 230009 , China
| | - Yulong Bi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Hefei University of Technology , Hefei , Anhui 230009 , China
| | - Rongrong Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Hefei University of Technology , Hefei , Anhui 230009 , China
| | - Hao Qu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Hefei University of Technology , Hefei , Anhui 230009 , China
| | - Yuen Wu
- Department of Chemistry, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials) , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230009 , China
| | - Yu Mao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Hefei University of Technology , Hefei , Anhui 230009 , China
| | - Lei Zheng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Hefei University of Technology , Hefei , Anhui 230009 , China
- Research Laboratory of Agricultural Environment and Food Safety , Anhui Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System , Hefei 230009 , China
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Picard-Lafond A, Larivière D, Boudreau D. Revealing the Hydrolysis Mechanism of a Hg 2+-Reactive Fluorescein Probe: Novel Insights on Thionocarbonated Dyes. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:701-711. [PMID: 31956820 PMCID: PMC6964290 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most toxic metal pollutants, mercury is the subject of extensive research to improve current detection strategies, notably to develop sensitive, selective, fast, and affordable Hg2+-responsive fluorescent probes. Comprehending the sensing mechanism of these molecules is a crucial step in their design and optimization of their performance. Herein, a new fluorescein-based thionocarbonate-appended Hg2+-sensitive probe was synthesized to study the hydrolysis reactions involved in the sensing process. Autohydrolysis was revealed as a significant component of the signal generation mechanism, occurring concurrently with Hg2+-catalyzed hydrolysis. This knowledge was used to investigate the effects of key experimental conditions (pH, temperature, chloride ions) on sensing efficiency. Overall, the chemical and physical properties of this new thionocarbonated dye and the insights into its sensing mechanism will be instrumental in designing reliable and effective portable sensing strategies for mercury and other heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Picard-Lafond
- Département
de chimie and Centre d’optique, photonique et laser
(COPL), Université Laval, Québec, Quebec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Dominic Larivière
- Département
de chimie and Centre d’optique, photonique et laser
(COPL), Université Laval, Québec, Quebec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Denis Boudreau
- Département
de chimie and Centre d’optique, photonique et laser
(COPL), Université Laval, Québec, Quebec G1V 0A6, Canada
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Choi MG, Lee YJ, Lee KM, Park KY, Park TJ, Chang SK. A simple hypochlorous acid signaling probe based on resorufin carbonodithioate and its biological application. Analyst 2019; 144:7263-7269. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an01884k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A novel HOCl signaling probe based on the oxidative hydrolysis of resorufin carbonodithioate to generate resorufin dye was investigated and applied to cell imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung Gil Choi
- Department of Chemistry
- Chung-Ang University
- Seoul 06974
- Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jeong Lee
- Department of Chemistry
- Chung-Ang University
- Seoul 06974
- Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Min Lee
- Department of Chemistry
- Chung-Ang University
- Seoul 06974
- Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Yeol Park
- Department of Chemistry
- Chung-Ang University
- Seoul 06974
- Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Jung Park
- Department of Chemistry
- Chung-Ang University
- Seoul 06974
- Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Kyu Chang
- Department of Chemistry
- Chung-Ang University
- Seoul 06974
- Republic of Korea
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