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Simoes Braga Boisserand L, Bouchart J, Geraldo LH, Lee S, Sanganahalli BG, Parent M, Zhang S, Xue Y, Skarica M, Guegan J, Li M, Liu X, Poulet M, Askanase M, Osherov A, Spajer M, Kamouh MRE, Eichmann A, Alitalo K, Zhou J, Sestan N, Sansing LH, Benveniste H, Hyder F, Thomas JL. VEGF-C promotes brain-derived fluid drainage, confers neuroprotection, and improves stroke outcomes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.30.542708. [PMID: 37398128 PMCID: PMC10312491 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.30.542708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Meningeal lymphatic vessels promote tissue clearance and immune surveillance in the central nervous system (CNS). Vascular endothelium growth factor-C (VEGF-C) is essential for meningeal lymphatic development and maintenance and has therapeutic potential for treating neurological disorders, including ischemic stroke. We have investigated the effects of VEGF-C overexpression on brain fluid drainage, single cell transcriptome in the brain, and stroke outcomes in adult mice. Intra-cerebrospinal fluid administration of an adeno-associated virus expressing VEGF-C (AAV-VEGF-C) increases the CNS lymphatic network. Post-contrast T1 mapping of the head and neck showed that deep cervical lymph node size and drainage of CNS-derived fluids were increased. Single nuclei RNA sequencing revealed a neuro-supportive role of VEGF-C via upregulation of calcium and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling pathways in brain cells. In a mouse model of ischemic stroke, AAV-VEGF-C pretreatment reduced stroke injury and ameliorated motor performances in the subacute stage. AAV-VEGF-C thus promotes CNS-derived fluid and solute drainage, confers neuroprotection, and reduces ischemic stroke damage. Short abstract Intrathecal delivery of VEGF-C increases the lymphatic drainage of brain-derived fluids confers neuroprotection, and improves neurological outcomes after ischemic stroke.
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Zhang C, Feng Y, Balutowski A, Miner GE, Rivera-Kohr DA, Hrabak MR, Sullivan KD, Guo A, Calderin JD, Fratti RA. The interdependent transport of yeast vacuole Ca 2+ and H + and the role of phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102672. [PMID: 36334632 PMCID: PMC9706634 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Yeast vacuoles are acidified by the v-type H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) that is comprised of the membrane embedded VO complex and the soluble cytoplasmic V1 complex. The assembly of the V1-VO holoenzyme on the vacuole is stabilized in part through interactions between the VO a-subunit ortholog Vph1 and the lipid phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PI(3,5)P2). PI(3,5)P2 also affects vacuolar Ca2+ release through the channel Yvc1 and uptake through the Ca2+ pump Pmc1. Here, we asked if H+ and Ca2+ transport activities were connected through PI(3,5)P2. We found that overproduction of PI(3,5)P2 by the hyperactive fab1T2250A mutant augmented vacuole acidification, whereas the kinase-inactive fab1EEE mutant attenuated the formation of a H+ gradient. Separately, we tested the effects of excess Ca2+ on vacuole acidification. Adding micromolar Ca2+ blocked vacuole acidification, whereas chelating Ca2+ accelerated acidification. The effect of adding Ca2+ on acidification was eliminated when the Ca2+/H+ antiporter Vcx1 was absent, indicating that the vacuolar H+ gradient can collapse during Ca2+ stress through Vcx1 activity. This, however, was independent of PI(3,5)P2, suggesting that PI(3,5)P2 plays a role in submicromolar Ca2+ flux but not under Ca2+ shock. To see if the link between Ca2+ and H+ transport was bidirectional, we examined Ca2+ transport when vacuole acidification was inhibited. We found that Ca2+ transport was inhibited by halting V-ATPase activity with Bafilomycin or neutralizing vacuolar pH with chloroquine. Together, these data show that Ca2+ transport and V-ATPase efficacy are connected but not necessarily through PI(3,5)P2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Yilin Feng
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Adam Balutowski
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Gregory E Miner
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - David A Rivera-Kohr
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Michael R Hrabak
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Katherine D Sullivan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Annie Guo
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Jorge D Calderin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Rutilio A Fratti
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA; Center for Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
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Malci A, Lin X, Sandoval R, Gundelfinger ED, Naumann M, Seidenbecher CI, Herrera-Molina R. Ca 2+ signaling in postsynaptic neurons: Neuroplastin-65 regulates the interplay between plasma membrane Ca 2+ ATPases and ionotropic glutamate receptors. Cell Calcium 2022; 106:102623. [PMID: 35853264 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2022.102623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Upon postsynaptic glutamate receptor activation, the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration rises and initiates signaling and plasticity in spines. The plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase (PMCA) is a major player to limit the duration of cytosolic Ca2+ signals. It forms complexes with the glycoprotein neuroplastin (Np) isoforms Np55 and Np65 and functionally interplays with N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-type ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluNRs). Moreover, binding of the Np65-specific extracellular domain to Ca2+-permeable GluA1-containing α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA)-type ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluA1Rs) was found to be required for long-term potentiation (LTP). However, the link between PMCA and iGluRs function to regulate cytosolic Ca2+ signals remained unclear. Here, we report that Np65 coordinates PMCA and iGluRs' functions to modulate the duration and amplitude of cytosolic Ca2+ transients in dendrites and spines of hippocampal neurons. Using live-cell Ca2+ imaging, acute pharmacological treatments, and GCaMP5G-expressing hippocampal neurons, we discovered that endogenous or Np65-promoted PMCA activity contributes to the restoration of basal Ca2+ levels and that this effect is dependent on iGluR activation. Super-resolution STED and confocal microscopy revealed that electrical stimulation increases the abundance of synaptic neuroplastin-PMCA complexes depending on iGluR activation and that low-rate overexpression of Np65 doubled PMCA levels and decreased cell surface levels of GluN2A and GluA1 in dendrites and Shank2-positive glutamatergic synapses. In neuroplastin-deficient hippocampi, we observed reduced PMCA and unchanged GluN2B levels, while GluN2A and GluA1 levels were imbalanced. Our electrophysiological data from hippocampal slices argues for an essential interplay of PMCA with GluN2A- but not with GluN2B-containing receptors upon induction of synaptic plasticity. Accordingly, we conclude that Np65 may interconnect PMCA with core players of glutamatergic neurotransmission to fine-tune the Ca2+ signal regulation in basal synaptic function and plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Malci
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Xiao Lin
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rodrigo Sandoval
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Eckart D Gundelfinger
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany; Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Naumann
- Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Constanze I Seidenbecher
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rodrigo Herrera-Molina
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany; Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile; Combinatorial Combinatorial NeuroImaging (CNI), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.
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Hori T, Takamori S. Physiological Perspectives on Molecular Mechanisms and Regulation of Vesicular Glutamate Transport: Lessons From Calyx of Held Synapses. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 15:811892. [PMID: 35095427 PMCID: PMC8793065 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.811892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of glutamate, the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system, into presynaptic synaptic vesicles (SVs) depends upon three vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs). Since VGLUTs are driven by a proton electrochemical gradient across the SV membrane generated by vacuolar-type H+-ATPases (V-ATPases), the rate of glutamate transport into SVs, as well as the amount of glutamate in SVs at equilibrium, are influenced by activities of both VGLUTs and V-ATPase. Despite emerging evidence that suggests various factors influencing glutamate transport by VGLUTs in vitro, little has been reported in physiological or pathological contexts to date. Historically, this was partially due to a lack of appropriate methods to monitor glutamate loading into SVs in living synapses. Furthermore, whether or not glutamate refilling of SVs can be rate-limiting for synaptic transmission is not well understood, primarily due to a lack of knowledge concerning the time required for vesicle reuse and refilling during repetitive stimulation. In this review, we first introduce a unique electrophysiological method to monitor glutamate refilling by VGLUTs in a giant model synapse from the calyx of Held in rodent brainstem slices, and we discuss the advantages and limitations of the method. We then introduce the current understanding of factors that potentially alter the amount and rate of glutamate refilling of SVs in this synapse, and discuss open questions from physiological viewpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Hori
- Cellular and Molecular Synaptic Function Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
- *Correspondence: Tetsuya Hori Shigeo Takamori
| | - Shigeo Takamori
- Laboratory of Neural Membrane Biology, Graduate School of Brain Science, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan
- *Correspondence: Tetsuya Hori Shigeo Takamori
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Ion Channels and Pumps in Autophagy: A Reciprocal Relationship. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123537. [PMID: 34944044 PMCID: PMC8700256 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy, the process of cellular self-degradation, is intrinsically tied to the degradative function of the lysosome. Several diseases have been linked to lysosomal degradative defects, including rare lysosomal storage disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Ion channels and pumps play a major regulatory role in autophagy. Importantly, calcium signaling produced by TRPML1 (transient receptor potential cation channel, mucolipin subfamily) has been shown to regulate autophagic progression through biogenesis of autophagic-lysosomal organelles, activation of mTORC1 (mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1) and degradation of autophagic cargo. ER calcium channels such as IP3Rs supply calcium for the lysosome, and lysosomal function is severely disrupted in the absence of lysosomal calcium replenishment by the ER. TRPML1 function is also regulated by LC3 (microtubule-associated protein light chain 3) and mTORC1, two critical components of the autophagic network. Here we provide an overview of the current knowledge about ion channels and pumps-including lysosomal V-ATPase (vacuolar proton-ATPase), which is required for acidification and hence proper enzymatic activity of lysosomal hydrolases-in the regulation of autophagy, and discuss how functional impairment of some of these leads to diseases.
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Nakakubo Y, Abe S, Yoshida T, Takami C, Isa M, Wojcik SM, Brose N, Takamori S, Hori T. Vesicular Glutamate Transporter Expression Ensures High-Fidelity Synaptic Transmission at the Calyx of Held Synapses. Cell Rep 2021; 32:108040. [PMID: 32814044 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Recycling of synaptic vesicles (SVs) at presynaptic terminals is required for sustained neurotransmitter release. Although SV endocytosis is a rate-limiting step for synaptic transmission, it is unclear whether the rate of the subsequent SV refilling with neurotransmitter also influences synaptic transmission. By analyzing vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1)-deficient calyx of Held synapses, in which both VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 are co-expressed in wild-type situation, we found that VGLUT1 loss causes a drastic reduction in SV refilling rate down to ∼25% of wild-type values, with only subtle changes in basic synaptic parameters. Strikingly, VGLUT1-deficient synapses exhibited abnormal synaptic failures within a few seconds during high-frequency repetitive firing, which was recapitulated by manipulating presynaptic Cl- concentrations to retard SV refilling. Our data show that the speed of SV refilling can be rate limiting for synaptic transmission under certain conditions that entail reduced VGLUT levels during development as well as various neuropathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaro Nakakubo
- Department of Neurophysiology, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
| | - Saeka Abe
- Department of Neurophysiology, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
| | - Tomofumi Yoshida
- Laboratory of Neural Membrane Biology, Graduate School of Brain Science, Doshisha University, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
| | - Chihiro Takami
- Laboratory of Neural Membrane Biology, Graduate School of Brain Science, Doshisha University, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
| | - Masayuki Isa
- Laboratory of Neural Membrane Biology, Graduate School of Brain Science, Doshisha University, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
| | - Sonja M Wojcik
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine, Göttingen 37075, Germany
| | - Nils Brose
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine, Göttingen 37075, Germany
| | - Shigeo Takamori
- Laboratory of Neural Membrane Biology, Graduate School of Brain Science, Doshisha University, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Hori
- Department of Neurophysiology, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan.
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7
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Zhu Y, Warrenfelt CIC, Flannery JC, Lindgren CA. Extracellular Protons Mediate Presynaptic Homeostatic Potentiation at the Mouse Neuromuscular Junction. Neuroscience 2021; 467:188-200. [PMID: 34215419 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
At the vertebrate neuromuscular junction (NMJ), presynaptic homeostatic potentiation (PHP) refers to the upregulation of neurotransmitter release via an increase in quantal content (QC) when the postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are partially blocked. The mechanism of PHP has not been completely worked out. In particular, the identity of the presumed retrograde signal is still a mystery. We investigated the role of acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) and extracellular protons in mediating PHP at the mouse NMJ. We found that blocking AISCs using benzamil, psalmotoxin-1 (PcTx1), or mambalgin-3 (Mamb3) prevented PHP. Likewise, extracellular acidification from pH 7.4 to 7.2 triggered a significant, reversable increase in QC and this increase could be prevented by PcTx1. Interestingly, an acidic saline (pH 7.2) also precluded the subsequent induction of PHP. Using immunofluorescence we observed ASIC2a and ASIC1 subunits at the NMJ. Our results indicate that protons and ASIC channels are involved in activating PHP at the mouse NMJ. We speculate that the partial blockade of nAChRs leads to a modest decrease in the pH of the synaptic cleft (∼0.2 pH units) and this activates ASIC channels on the presynaptic nerve terminal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Zhu
- Department of Biology, Grinnell College, Grinnell, IA 50112, USA
| | | | - Jill C Flannery
- Department of Biology, Grinnell College, Grinnell, IA 50112, USA
| | - Clark A Lindgren
- Department of Biology, Grinnell College, Grinnell, IA 50112, USA.
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Lemke N, Melis V, Lauer D, Magbagbeolu M, Neumann B, Harrington CR, Riedel G, Wischik CM, Theuring F, Schwab K. Differential compartmental processing and phosphorylation of pathogenic human tau and native mouse tau in the line 66 model of frontotemporal dementia. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:18508-18523. [PMID: 33127647 PMCID: PMC7939472 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.014890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Synapse loss is associated with motor and cognitive decline in multiple neurodegenerative disorders, and the cellular redistribution of tau is related to synaptic impairment in tauopathies, such as Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia. Here, we examined the cellular distribution of tau protein species in human tau overexpressing line 66 mice, a transgenic mouse model akin to genetic variants of frontotemporal dementia. Line 66 mice express intracellular tau aggregates in multiple brain regions and exhibit sensorimotor and motor learning deficiencies. Using a series of anti-tau antibodies, we observed, histologically, that nonphosphorylated transgenic human tau is enriched in synapses, whereas phosphorylated tau accumulates predominantly in cell bodies and axons. Subcellular fractionation confirmed that human tau is highly enriched in insoluble cytosolic and synaptosomal fractions, whereas endogenous mouse tau is virtually absent from synapses. Cytosolic tau was resistant to solubilization with urea and Triton X-100, indicating the formation of larger tau aggregates. By contrast, synaptic tau was partially soluble after Triton X-100 treatment and most likely represents aggregates of smaller size. MS corroborated that synaptosomal tau is nonphosphorylated. Tau enriched in the synapse of line 66 mice, therefore, appears to be in an oligomeric and nonphosphorylated state, and one that could have a direct impact on cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Lemke
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und-prüfung, Berlin, Germany
| | - Valeria Melis
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Boris Neumann
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Proteome Factory AG, Berlin, Germany
| | - Charles R Harrington
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; TauRx Therapeutics Ltd., Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Gernot Riedel
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Claude M Wischik
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; TauRx Therapeutics Ltd., Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | | | - Karima Schwab
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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