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Das SS, Erez S, Karshalev E, Wu Y, Wang J, Yossifon G. Switching from Chemical to Electrical Micromotor Propulsion across a Gradient of Gastric Fluid via Magnetic Rolling. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:30290-30298. [PMID: 35748802 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To address and extend the finite lifetime of Mg-based micromotors due to the depletion of the engine (Mg-core), we examine electric fields, along with previously studied magnetic fields, to create a triple-engine hybrid micromotor for driving these micromotors. Electric fields are a facile energy source that is not limited in its operation time and can dynamically tune the micromotor mobility by simply changing the frequency and amplitude of the field. Moreover, the same electrical fields can be used for cell trapping and transport as well as drug delivery. However, the limitations of these propulsion mechanisms are the low pH (and high conductivity) environment required for Mg dissolution, while the electrical propulsion is quenched at these conditions as it requires low conductivity mediums. In order to translate the micromotor between these two extreme medium conditions, we use magnetic rolling as means of self-propulsion along with magnetic steering. Interestingly, electrical propulsion also necessitates at least the partial consumption of the Mg, resulting in a sufficient geometrical asymmetry of the micromotor. We have successfully demonstrated the rapid propulsion switching capability of the micromotor, from chemical to electrical motions, via magnetic rolling within a microfluidic device with the concentration gradient of the simulated gastric fluid. Such triple-engine micromotor propulsion holds considerable promise for in vitro studies mimicking gastric conditions and performing various bioassay tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankha Shuvra Das
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Micro- and Nanofluidics Laboratory, Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City 3200000, Israel
| | - Shahar Erez
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Micro- and Nanofluidics Laboratory, Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City 3200000, Israel
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Emil Karshalev
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Yue Wu
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Micro- and Nanofluidics Laboratory, Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City 3200000, Israel
| | - Joseph Wang
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Gilad Yossifon
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Micro- and Nanofluidics Laboratory, Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City 3200000, Israel
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 6997801, Israel
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Abdollahiyan P, Oroojalian F, Baradaran B, de la Guardia M, Mokhtarzadeh A. Advanced mechanotherapy: Biotensegrity for governing metastatic tumor cell fate via modulating the extracellular matrix. J Control Release 2021; 335:596-618. [PMID: 34097925 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mechano-transduction is the procedure of mechanical stimulus translation via cells, among substrate shear flow, topography, and stiffness into a biochemical answer. TAZ and YAP are transcriptional coactivators which are recognized as relay proteins that promote mechano-transduction within the Hippo pathway. With regard to healthy cells in homeostasis, mechano-transduction regularly restricts proliferation, and TAZ and YAP are totally inactive. During cancer development a YAP/TAZ - stimulating positive response loop is formed between the growing tumor and the stiffening ECM. As tumor developments, local stromal and cancerous cells take advantage of mechanotransduction to enhance proliferation, induce their migratory into remote tissues, and promote chemotherapeutic resistance. As a newly progresses paradigm, nanoparticle-conjunctions (such as magnetic nanoparticles, and graphene derivatives nanoparticles) hold significant promises for remote regulation of cells and their relevant events at molecular scale. Despite outstanding developments in employing nanoparticles for drug targeting studies, the role of nanoparticles on cellular behaviors (proliferation, migration, and differentiation) has still required more evaluations in the field of mechanotherapy. In this paper, the in-depth contribution of mechano-transduction is discussed during tumor progression, and how these consequences can be evaluated in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatemeh Oroojalian
- Department of Advanced Sciences and Technologies in Medicine, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran; Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Miguel de la Guardia
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Chirivì M, Maiullari F, Milan M, Presutti D, Cordiglieri C, Crosti M, Sarnicola ML, Soluri A, Volpi M, Święszkowski W, Prati D, Rizzi M, Costantini M, Seliktar D, Parisi C, Bearzi C, Rizzi R. Tumor Extracellular Matrix Stiffness Promptly Modulates the Phenotype and Gene Expression of Infiltrating T Lymphocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5862. [PMID: 34070750 PMCID: PMC8198248 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system is a fine modulator of the tumor biology supporting or inhibiting its progression, growth, invasion and conveys the pharmacological treatment effect. Tumors, on their side, have developed escaping mechanisms from the immune system action ranging from the direct secretion of biochemical signals to an indirect reaction, in which the cellular actors of the tumor microenvironment (TME) collaborate to mechanically condition the extracellular matrix (ECM) making it inhospitable to immune cells. TME is composed of several cell lines besides cancer cells, including tumor-associated macrophages, cancer-associated fibroblasts, CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes, and innate immunity cells. These populations interface with each other to prepare a conservative response, capable of evading the defense mechanisms implemented by the host's immune system. The presence or absence, in particular, of cytotoxic CD8+ cells in the vicinity of the main tumor mass, is able to predict, respectively, the success or failure of drug therapy. Among various mechanisms of immunescaping, in this study, we characterized the modulation of the phenotypic profile of CD4+ and CD8+ cells in resting and activated states, in response to the mechanical pressure exerted by a three-dimensional in vitro system, able to recapitulate the rheological and stiffness properties of the tumor ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maila Chirivì
- Fondazione Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.C.); (F.M.); (M.M.); (C.C.); (M.C.); (M.L.S.); (C.B.)
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, C.so della Repubblica 79, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Fabio Maiullari
- Fondazione Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.C.); (F.M.); (M.M.); (C.C.); (M.C.); (M.L.S.); (C.B.)
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Marika Milan
- Fondazione Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.C.); (F.M.); (M.M.); (C.C.); (M.C.); (M.L.S.); (C.B.)
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council of Italy (IBBC-CNR), Via Ercole Ramarini, 32, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy; (A.S.); (C.P.)
| | - Dario Presutti
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Marcina Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warszawa, Poland; (D.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Chiara Cordiglieri
- Fondazione Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.C.); (F.M.); (M.M.); (C.C.); (M.C.); (M.L.S.); (C.B.)
| | - Mariacristina Crosti
- Fondazione Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.C.); (F.M.); (M.M.); (C.C.); (M.C.); (M.L.S.); (C.B.)
| | - Maria Lucia Sarnicola
- Fondazione Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.C.); (F.M.); (M.M.); (C.C.); (M.C.); (M.L.S.); (C.B.)
| | - Andrea Soluri
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council of Italy (IBBC-CNR), Via Ercole Ramarini, 32, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy; (A.S.); (C.P.)
- Unit of Molecular Neurosciences, University Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Marina Volpi
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland; (M.V.); (W.Ś.)
| | - Wojciech Święszkowski
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland; (M.V.); (W.Ś.)
| | - Daniele Prati
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, IRCCS Granda Hospital Maggiore Policlinico Foundation, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Marta Rizzi
- Ufficio Programmazione e Grant Office, National Research Council of Italy (UPGO-CNR), Piazzale Aldo Moro 7, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Marco Costantini
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Marcina Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warszawa, Poland; (D.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Dror Seliktar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion Institute, Haifa 32000, Israel;
| | - Chiara Parisi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council of Italy (IBBC-CNR), Via Ercole Ramarini, 32, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy; (A.S.); (C.P.)
| | - Claudia Bearzi
- Fondazione Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.C.); (F.M.); (M.M.); (C.C.); (M.C.); (M.L.S.); (C.B.)
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, UOS of Milan, National Research Council (IRGB-CNR), Via Gaudenzio Fantoli 16/15, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Rizzi
- Fondazione Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.C.); (F.M.); (M.M.); (C.C.); (M.C.); (M.L.S.); (C.B.)
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council (ITB-CNR), Via Fratelli Cervi, 93, Segrate, 20090 Milan, Italy
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Lim TJF, Bunjamin M, Ruedl C, Su IH. Talin1 controls dendritic cell activation by regulating TLR complex assembly and signaling. J Exp Med 2020; 217:e20191810. [PMID: 32438408 PMCID: PMC7398162 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20191810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Talin critically controls integrin-dependent cell migration, but its regulatory role in skin dendritic cells (DCs) during inflammatory responses has not been investigated. Here, we show that talin1 regulates not only integrin-dependent Langerhans cell (LC) migration, but also MyD88-dependent Toll-like receptor (TLR)-stimulated DC activation. Talin1-deficient LCs failed to exit the epidermis, resulting in reduced LC migration to skin-draining lymph nodes (sdLNs) and defective skin tolerance induction, while talin1-deficient dermal DCs unexpectedly accumulated in the dermis despite their actomyosin-dependent migratory capabilities. Furthermore, talin1-deficient DCs exhibited compromised chemotaxis, NFκB activation, and proinflammatory cytokine production. Mechanistically, talin1 was required for the formation of preassembled TLR complexes in DCs at steady state via direct interaction with MyD88 and PIP5K. Local production of PIP2 by PIP5K then recruited TIRAP to the preassembled complexes, which were required for TLR signalosome assembly during DC activation. Thus, talin1 regulates MyD88-dependent TLR signaling pathways in DCs through a novel mechanism with implications for antimicrobial and inflammatory immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Jun Feng Lim
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology & Cell Signalling, School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Maegan Bunjamin
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology & Cell Signalling, School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Christiane Ruedl
- Laboratory of Immunology, School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - I-hsin Su
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology & Cell Signalling, School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
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