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Girard EB, Ferse S, Ambo-Rappe R, Jompa J, Renema W. Dynamics of large benthic foraminiferal assemblages: A tool to foreshadow reef degradation? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 811:151396. [PMID: 34742799 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ecological regime shifts in the marine realm have been recorded from a variety of systems and locations around the world. Coral reefs have been especially affected, with their benthic habitat changing from a dominance of stony corals to a dominance of other organisms such as fleshy algae. To detect changes in the benthic habitat of coral reefs, simple tools applicable on a global scale are necessary for future monitoring programs. Hence, the aim of this research is to explore the hypothesis that shifts in assemblages of large benthic foraminifera (LBF) can detect early signs of degradation in the reef benthic habitat. To do so, data on living assemblages of LBF collected between 1997 and 2018 at 12 islands in the Spermonde Archipelago (South Sulawesi, Indonesia) were analyzed. Foraminiferal specimens were morphologically identified to the species level and statistical analyses performed to assess changes in their assemblage composition. A clear temporal shift was observed. Typical foraminiferal assemblages in a coral-dominated (e.g., Amphistegina lobifera, Calcarina spengleri, Heterostegina depressa) and fleshy algae-dominated (e.g., Neorotalia gaimardi, C. mayori) reef habitats were identified and significantly linked to the substrate type. Other species (e.g., Elphidium spp., Peneroplis planatus and Sphaerogypsina globulus) seem to reflect a spatial and temporal gradient of anthropogenic pollution from local inhabited islands and ongoing urban development on the mainland. Hence communities of LBF consistently follow gradual shifts in environmental conditions. Additionally to foraminiferal assemblages being an indicator for actual reef condition, closely monitoring LBF may provide early information on reef degradation, in time to take action against identified stressors (e.g., eutrophication or intensive fishing) at local and regional scales. The circumtropical distribution of LBF is such that they can be included worldwide in reef monitoring programs, conditional to calibration to the regional species pool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa B Girard
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, the Netherlands; IBED, University of Amsterdam, Sciencepark 904, 1098, XH, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Sebastian Ferse
- Department of Ecology, Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Fahrenheitstraße 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany; Department of Marine Ecology, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Rohani Ambo-Rappe
- Marine Science Department, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Hasanuddin University, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan Km. 10 Tamalenrea, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
| | - Jamaluddin Jompa
- Marine Science Department, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Hasanuddin University, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan Km. 10 Tamalenrea, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
| | - Willem Renema
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, the Netherlands; IBED, University of Amsterdam, Sciencepark 904, 1098, XH, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Decrease in volume and density of foraminiferal shells with progressing ocean acidification. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19988. [PMID: 34620940 PMCID: PMC8497592 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99427-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid increases in anthropogenic atmospheric CO2 partial pressure have led to a decrease in the pH of seawater. Calcifying organisms generally respond negatively to ocean acidification. Foraminifera are one of the major carbonate producers in the ocean; however, whether calcification reduction by ocean acidification affects either foraminiferal shell volume or density, or both, has yet to be investigated. In this study, we cultured asexually reproducing specimens of Amphisorus kudakajimensis, a dinoflagellate endosymbiont-bearing large benthic foraminifera (LBF), under different pH conditions (pH 7.7–8.3, NBS scale). The results suggest that changes in seawater pH would affect not only the quantity (i.e., shell volume) but also the quality (i.e., shell density) of foraminiferal calcification. We proposed that pH and temperature affect these growth parameters differently because (1) they have differences in the contribution to the calcification process (e.g., Ca2+-ATPase and Ω) and (2) pH mainly affects calcification and temperature mainly affects photosynthesis. Our findings also suggest that, under the IPCC RCP8.5 scenario, both ocean acidification and warming will have a significant impact on reef foraminiferal carbonate production by the end of this century, even in the tropics.
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Chaudhuri S, Guha A, Bhaumik AK, Pasricha K. Potential utility of reflectance spectroscopy in understanding the paleoecology and depositional history of different fossils. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16801. [PMID: 33033316 PMCID: PMC7545181 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73719-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential of reflectance spectroscopy to infer the paleoecological and depositional evolution of different micro and macro invertebrate fossils has been evaluated by analyzing their reflectance spectra within the spectral domain of 350–2500 nm using the FIELDSPEC3 spectroradiometer. Mineralogical information derived from the rapid and non-destructive spectral analysis has been substantiated using concurrent mineralogical data from conventional geochemical analyses. The diagnostic Fe-crystal field effect induced spectral features are identified on the representative spectra of different benthic foraminifera. These spectral features are resulted due to the incorporation of Fe during the biomineralization process. These features are absent in planktic foraminifera. The encrustation of Fe-oxides is inferred to be responsible for imprinting the Fe-crystal field feature in the spectra of micro and macrofossils at 900–1200 nm. Vibrational spectral features of the Al–OH bond are also identified. Both of these features are an indicator of post-depositional diagenetic history. The presence of Al and Fe in macrofossil shells is also believed to be related to ecological conditions as these elements are biogenically incorporated during shell formation. This study reveals the value of reflectance spectroscopy to infer ecological behavior and post-depositional environment of different organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swagata Chaudhuri
- Department of Applied Geology, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826 004, India.
| | - Arindam Guha
- Geosciences Group, National Remote Sensing Centre, Indian Space Research Organisation, Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500037, India
| | - Ajoy K Bhaumik
- Department of Applied Geology, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826 004, India
| | - Komal Pasricha
- Ministry of Earth Science, Government of India, New Delhi, 110003, India
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Alves Martins MV, Hohenegger J, Martínez-Colón M, Frontalini F, Bergamashi S, Laut L, Belart P, Mahiques M, Pereira E, Rodrigues R, Terroso D, Miranda P, Geraldes MC, Villena HH, Reis T, Socorro OAA, de Mello E Sousa SH, Yamashita C, Rocha F. Ecological quality status of the NE sector of the Guanabara Bay (Brazil): A case of living benthic foraminiferal resilience. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 158:111449. [PMID: 32753225 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The ecological quality status of the NE region of the Guanabara Bay (SE Brazil), one of the most important Brazilian embayments, is evaluated. For this purpose, sediment samples from in the inner of the Guanabara Bay (GB) were collected and analyzed (grain-size, mineralogy, geochemistry and living foraminifera). In this study, it is hypothesized that the potentially toxic elements (PTEs) concentrations, in solution and associated with organic matter (OMPTEs, potential nutrient source), may represent two potential pathways to impact benthic foraminifers. A multiproxy approach applied to complex statistical analyses and ecological indexes shows that the study area is, in general, eutrophic (with high organic matter and low oxygen content), polluted by PTEs and oil. As a consequence, foraminifera are not abundant and their assemblages are poorly diversified and dominated by some stress-tolerant species (i.e., Ammonia tepida, Quinqueloculina seminula, Cribroelphidium excavatum). The results allow us to identify a set of species sensitive to eutrophication and OMPTEs. Factors such as the increase of organic matter contents and OMPTEs and, in particular of Zn, Cd and Pb, the oxygen depletion and the presence of oil, altogether contribute to a marked reduction in the abundance and diversity of foraminifera. Ammonia-Elphidium Index and the Foram Stress Index confirm that the NE zone of GB is, in general, "heavily polluted", with "poor ecological quality status" and experiences suboxic to anoxic conditions. In light of it, special attention from public authorities and policymakers is required in order to take immediate actions to enable its environmental recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Virgínia Alves Martins
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Geologia, Departamento de Estratigrafia e Paleontologia, Av. São Francisco Xavier, 524, sala 2020A, Maracanã, 20550-013 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Universidade de Aveiro, GeoBioTec, Departamento de Geociências, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Johann Hohenegger
- Universität Wien, Institut für Paläontologie, Althanstrasse 17, A 1090 Wien, Austria.
| | - Michael Martínez-Colón
- Florida A&M University, School of the Environment, FL, USA, FSH Science Research Center, RM306B, 1515 South MLK Blvd, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA.
| | - Fabrizio Frontalini
- Università degli Studi di Urbino "Carlo Bo", Dipartimento di Scienze Pure e Applicate (DiSPeA), Urbino, Italy.
| | - Sérgio Bergamashi
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Geologia, Departamento de Estratigrafia e Paleontologia, Av. São Francisco Xavier, 524, sala 2020A, Maracanã, 20550-013 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Lazaro Laut
- Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UNIRIO, Laboratório de Micropaleontologia - LabMicro, Av. Pasteur, 458, IBIO/CCET sala 500 Urca, 22.240-490, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Pierre Belart
- Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UNIRIO, Laboratório de Micropaleontologia - LabMicro, Av. Pasteur, 458, IBIO/CCET sala 500 Urca, 22.240-490, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Michel Mahiques
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Ocenográfico, Departamento de Ocenografia Física, Brazil.
| | - Egberto Pereira
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Geologia, Departamento de Estratigrafia e Paleontologia, Av. São Francisco Xavier, 524, sala 2020A, Maracanã, 20550-013 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Rene Rodrigues
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Geologia, Departamento de Estratigrafia e Paleontologia, Av. São Francisco Xavier, 524, sala 2020A, Maracanã, 20550-013 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Denise Terroso
- Universidade de Aveiro, GeoBioTec, Departamento de Geociências, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Paulo Miranda
- Governo Regional dos Açores, Direção Regional dos Assuntos do Mar, Horta, Açores, Portugal.
| | - Mauro César Geraldes
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Geologia, Departamento de Estratigrafia e Paleontologia, Av. São Francisco Xavier, 524, sala 2020A, Maracanã, 20550-013 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Hélio Heringer Villena
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, 4° andar, Bloco E, sala 4018, CEP 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Tadeu Reis
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, 4° andar, Bloco E, sala 4018, CEP 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Orangel Antonio Aguilera Socorro
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Biologia Marinha, Laboratorio de Paleoecologia e Mudanças Globais Campus de Gragoatá, Bloco M, CEP: 24210-200, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | | | - Cintia Yamashita
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Ocenográfico, Departamento de Ocenografia Física, Brazil.
| | - Fernando Rocha
- Universidade de Aveiro, GeoBioTec, Departamento de Geociências, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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