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Yang Y, Wang Y, Yan H, Cao C, Chen N. Super High-Concentration Si and N Doping of CVD Diamond Film by Thermal Decomposition of Silicon Nitride Substrate. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5849. [PMID: 37687544 PMCID: PMC10488532 DOI: 10.3390/ma16175849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The high-concentration N doping of diamond film is still a challenge since nitrogen is limited during diamond growth. In this work, a novel method combined with the thermal decomposition of silicon nitride was proposed to form the activated N and Si components in the reactor gas that surrounded the substrate, with which the high-concentration N and Si doping of diamond film was performed. Meanwhile, graphene oxide (GO) particles were also employed as an adsorbent to further increase the concentration of the N element in diamond film by capturing the more decomposed N components. All the as-deposited diamond films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. For the pure diamond film with a growth time of 0.5 h, the N and Si concentrations were 20.78 and 41.21 at%, respectively. For the GO-diamond film, they reached 47.47 and 21.66 at%, which set a new record for super high-concentration N doping of diamond film. Hence, thermal decomposition for the substrate can be regarded as a potential and alternative method to deposit the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond film with high-concentration N, which be favorable for the widespread application of diamond in the electric field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yang
- State Grid Gansu Electric Power Company Institution of Electric Science and Technology, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yongnian Wang
- State Grid Gansu Electric Power Company Institution of Electric Science and Technology, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Huaxin Yan
- School Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China (C.C.)
| | - Chenyi Cao
- School Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China (C.C.)
| | - Naichao Chen
- School Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China (C.C.)
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
- Shanghai Non-Carbon Energy Conversion and Utilization Institute, Shanghai 200240, China
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Sharma M, Singh M, Rakshit RK, Singh SP, Fretto M, De Leo N, Perali A, Pinto N. Complex Phase-Fluctuation Effects Correlated with Granularity in Superconducting NbN Nanofilms. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4109. [PMID: 36500732 PMCID: PMC9737164 DOI: 10.3390/nano12234109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Superconducting nanofilms are tunable systems that can host a 3D-2D dimensional crossover leading to the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) superconducting transition approaching the 2D regime. Reducing the dimensionality further, from 2D to quasi-1D superconducting nanostructures with disorder, can generate quantum and thermal phase slips (PS) of the order parameter. Both BKT and PS are complex phase-fluctuation phenomena of difficult experiments. We characterized superconducting NbN nanofilms thinner than 15 nm, on different substrates, by temperature-dependent resistivity and current-voltage (I-V) characteristics. Our measurements evidence clear features related to the emergence of BKT transition and PS events. The contemporary observation in the same system of BKT transition and PS events, and their tunable evolution in temperature and thickness was explained as due to the nano-conducting paths forming in a granular NbN system. In one of the investigated samples, we were able to trace and characterize the continuous evolution in temperature from quantum to thermal PS. Our analysis established that the detected complex phase phenomena are strongly related to the interplay between the typical size of the nano-conductive paths and the superconducting coherence length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Sharma
- School of Science and Technology, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Manju Singh
- CNR-Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Rajib K. Rakshit
- CNR-Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Fretto
- Advanced Materials Metrology and Life Science Division, INRiM, 10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Natascia De Leo
- Advanced Materials Metrology and Life Science Division, INRiM, 10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Andrea Perali
- School of Pharmacy, Physics Unit, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Nicola Pinto
- School of Science and Technology, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
- Advanced Materials Metrology and Life Science Division, INRiM, 10135 Torino, Italy
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Yan L, Wang BT, Huang X, Li Q, Xue K, Zhang J, Ren W, Zhou L. Surface passivation induced a significant enhancement of superconductivity in layered two-dimensional MSi 2N 4 (M = Ta and Nb) materials. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:18947-18954. [PMID: 34755746 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr05560g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal di-nitrides (TMN2) have been arousing great interest for their unique mechanic, electronic, optoelectronic, and magnetic properties. The recent successful growth of monolayer MSi2N4 (M = Mo and W) further motivates us to explore new physics and unusual properties behind this family. By using first-principles calculations and Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory, we predicted the existence of the superconductivity in single-layer (SL) 1T- and 1H-TaN2 with superconducting transition temperatures (Tc) of ∼0.86 and 1.3 K. Specifically, the Tc could be greatly enhanced to ∼24.6 K by passivating the TaN2 monolayer with Si-N bilayers. Furthermore, the superconductivity could be increased to ∼30.4 K via substituting lighter Nb for Ta. This enhancement of superconductivity mainly stems from the softer vibration modes consisting of in-plane Ta/Nb vibrations mixed with Si-xy vibrations. The superconductivity can be further tuned by applying external strains and carrier doping. This enhancement strategy of surface passivation and light atom substitution would suggest a new platform for 2D superconductors and provide an instructive pathway for next-generation nanoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luo Yan
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou 313001, China
| | - Bao-Tian Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Beijing 10049, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Xingyong Huang
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
| | - Qiaoqiao Li
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou 313001, China
| | - Kui Xue
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou 313001, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou 313001, China
| | - Wencai Ren
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Liujiang Zhou
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou 313001, China
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A robust nitridation technique for fabrication of disordered superconducting TiN thin films featuring phase slip events. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7888. [PMID: 33846407 PMCID: PMC8042045 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86819-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Disorder induced phase slip (PS) events appearing in the current voltage characteristics (IVCs) are reported for two-dimensional TiN thin films produced by a robust substrate mediated nitridation technique. Here, high temperature annealing of Ti/Si3N4 based metal/substrate assembly is the key to produce majority phase TiN accompanied by TiSi2 & elemental Si as minority phases. The method itself introduces different level of disorder intrinsically by tuning the amount of the non-superconducting minority phases that are controlled by annealing temperature (Ta) and the film thickness. The superconducting critical temperature (Tc) strongly depends on Ta and the maximum Tc obtained from the demonstrated technique is about 4.8 K for the thickness range ~ 12 nm and above. Besides, the dynamics of IVCs get modulated by the appearance of intermediated resistive steps for decreased Ta and the steps get more prominent for reduced thickness. Further, the deviation in the temperature dependent critical current (Ic) from the Ginzburg–Landau theoretical limit varies strongly with the thickness. Finally, the Tc, intermediate resistive steps in the IVCs and the depairing current are observed to alter in a similar fashion with Ta and the thickness indicating the robustness of the synthesis process to fabricate disordered nitride-based superconductor.
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