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Deyev SM, Oroujeni M, Garousi J, Gräslund T, Li R, Rosly AHB, Orlova A, Konovalova E, Schulga A, Vorobyeva A, Tolmachev V. Preclinical Evaluation of HER2-Targeting DARPin G3: Impact of Albumin-Binding Domain (ABD) Fusion. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4246. [PMID: 38673831 PMCID: PMC11050402 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Designed ankyrin repeat protein (DARPin) G3 is an engineered scaffold protein. This small (14.5 kDa) targeting protein binds with high affinity to human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). HER2 is overexpressed in several cancers. The use of the DARPin G3 for radionuclide therapy is complicated by its high renal reabsorption after clearance via the glomeruli. We tested the hypothesis that a fusion of the DARPin G3 with an albumin-binding domain (ABD) would prevent rapid renal excretion and high renal reabsorption resulting in better tumour targeting. Two fusion proteins were produced, one with the ABD at the C-terminus (G3-ABD) and another at the N-terminus (ABD-G3). Both variants were labelled with 177Lu. The binding properties of the novel constructs were evaluated in vitro and their biodistribution was compared in mice with implanted human HER2-expressing tumours. Fusion with the ABD increased the retention time of both constructs in blood compared with the non-ABD-fused control. The effect of fusion with the ABD depended strongly on the order of the domains in the constructs, resulting in appreciably better targeting properties of [177Lu]Lu-G3-ABD. Our data suggest that the order of domains is critical for the design of targeting constructs based on scaffold proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey M. Deyev
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (S.M.D.); (E.K.); (A.S.)
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Maryam Oroujeni
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (M.O.); (J.G.); (A.H.B.R.); (A.V.)
- Affibody AB, 171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Javad Garousi
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (M.O.); (J.G.); (A.H.B.R.); (A.V.)
- Department of Protein Science, KTH—Royal Institute of Technology, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; (T.G.); (R.L.)
| | - Torbjörn Gräslund
- Department of Protein Science, KTH—Royal Institute of Technology, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; (T.G.); (R.L.)
| | - Ruonan Li
- Department of Protein Science, KTH—Royal Institute of Technology, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; (T.G.); (R.L.)
| | - Alia Hani Binti Rosly
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (M.O.); (J.G.); (A.H.B.R.); (A.V.)
| | - Anna Orlova
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 751 83 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Elena Konovalova
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (S.M.D.); (E.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Alexey Schulga
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (S.M.D.); (E.K.); (A.S.)
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Anzhelika Vorobyeva
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (M.O.); (J.G.); (A.H.B.R.); (A.V.)
| | - Vladimir Tolmachev
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (M.O.); (J.G.); (A.H.B.R.); (A.V.)
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Larkina M, Varvashenya R, Yuldasheva F, Plotnikov E, Bezverkhniaia E, Tretyakova M, Zelchan R, Schulga A, Konovalova E, Vorobyeva A, Belousov M, Orlova A, Tolmachev V, Deyev S. Comparative Preclinical Evaluation of HYNIC-Modified Designed Ankyrin Repeat Proteins G3 for the 99mTc-Based Imaging of HER2-Expressing Malignant Tumors. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:1919-1932. [PMID: 38557163 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c01173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
HER2 status determination is a necessary step for the proper choice of therapy and selection of patients for the targeted treatment of cancer. Targeted radiotracers such as radiolabeled DARPins provide a noninvasive and effective way for the molecular imaging of HER2 expression. This study aimed to evaluate tumor-targeting properties of three 99mTc-labeled DARPin G3 variants containing Gly-Gly-Gly-Cys (G3C), (Gly-Gly-Gly-Ser)3-Cys ((G3S)3C), or Glu-Glu-Glu-Cys (E3C) amino acid linkers at the C-terminus and conjugated to the HYNIC chelating agent, as well as to compare them with the clinically evaluated DARPin G3 labeled with 99mTc(CO)3 using the (HE)3-tag at the N-terminus. The labeling of DARPin G3-HYNIC variants provided radiochemical yields in the range of 50-80%. Labeled variants bound specifically to human HER2-expressing cancer cell lines with affinities in the range of 0.5-3 nM. There was no substantial influence of the linker and HYNIC chelator on the binding of 99mTc-labeled DARPin G3 variants to HER2 in vitro; however, [99mTc]Tc-G3-(G3S)3C-HYNIC had the highest affinity. Comparative biodistribution of [99mTc]Tc-G3-G3C-HYNIC, [99mTc]Tc-G3-(G3S)3C-HYNIC, [99mTc]Tc-G3-E3C-HYNIC, and [99mTc]Tc-(HE)3-G3 in healthy CD1 mice showed that there was a strong influence of the linkers on uptake in normal tissues. [99mTc]Tc-G3-E3C-HYNIC had an increased retention of activity in the liver and the majority of other organs compared to the other conjugates. The tumor uptake of [99mTc]Tc-G3-(G3S)3C-HYNIC and [99mTc]Tc-(HE)3-G3 in Nu/j mice bearing SKOV-3 xenografts was similar. The specificity of tumor targeting in vivo was demonstrated for both tracers. [99mTc]Tc-G3-(G3S)3C-HYNIC provided comparable, although slightly lower tumor-to-lung, tumor-to spleen and tumor-to-liver ratios than [99mTc]Tc-(HE)3-G3. Radiolabeling of DARPin G3-HYNIC conjugates with 99mTc provided the advantage of a single-step radiolabeling procedure; however, the studied HYNIC conjugates did not improve imaging contrast compared to the 99mTc-tricarbonyl-labeled DARPin G3. At this stage, [99mTc]Tc-(HE)3-G3 remains the most promising candidate for the clinical imaging of HER2-overexpressing cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Larkina
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Ruslan Varvashenya
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Feruza Yuldasheva
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Evgenii Plotnikov
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Bezverkhniaia
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Maria Tretyakova
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Roman Zelchan
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Alexey Schulga
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Konovalova
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anzhelika Vorobyeva
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mikhail Belousov
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Anna Orlova
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vladimir Tolmachev
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sergey Deyev
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
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Lundmark F, Vorobyeva A, Liu Y, Lindbo S, Xu T, Oroujeni M, Rinne SS, Rosenström U, Garousi J. Reduction of renal activity retention of radiolabeled albumin binding domain‑derived affinity proteins using a non‑residualizing label strategy compared with a cleavable glycine‑leucine‑glycine‑lysine‑linker. Mol Med Rep 2024; 29:32. [PMID: 38186305 PMCID: PMC10784736 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2023.13155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The feasibility of targeted imaging and therapy using radiolabeled albumin‑binding domain‑derived affinity proteins (ADAPTs) has been demonstrated. However, high renal uptake of radioactivity limits the maximum tolerated dose. Successful reduction of renal retention of radiolabeled Fab fragments has been demonstrated by incorporating a cleavable linker between the targeting agent and the radiometal chelator. The present study investigated if the introduction of a glycine‑leucine‑glycine‑lysine (GLGK)‑linker would reduce the kidney uptake of radiolabeled ADAPT6 and also compared it with the non‑residualizing [125I]I‑[(4‑hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]maleimide ([125I]I‑HPEM) labeling strategy. GLGK was site‑specifically coupled to human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)‑targeting ADAPT6. Conjugates without the cleavable linker were used as controls and all constructs were labeled with lutetium‑177 (177Lu). [125I]I‑HPEM was coupled to ADAPT6 at the C‑terminus. Biodistribution of all constructs was evaluated in NMRI mice 4 h after injection. Specific binding to HER2‑expressing cells in vitro was demonstrated for all constructs. No significant difference in kidney uptake was observed between the [177Lu]Lu‑2,2',2",2"'‑(1,4,7,10‑tetraazacyclododecane‑1,4,7,10‑tetrayl)tetraacetic acid‑GLGK‑conjugates and the controls. The renal activity of [125I]I‑HPEM‑ADAPT6 was significantly lower compared with all other constructs. In conclusion, the incorporation of the cleavable GLGK‑linker did not result in lower renal retention. Therefore, the present study emphasized that, in order to achieve a reduction of renal retention, alternative molecular design strategies may be required for different targeting agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Lundmark
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anzhelika Vorobyeva
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yongsheng Liu
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sarah Lindbo
- Department of Protein Technology, Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tianqi Xu
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maryam Oroujeni
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sara S. Rinne
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Rosenström
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Javad Garousi
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
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Gut M, Dreier B, Furler S, Sobek J, Plückthun A, Holland JP. Designed ankyrin repeat proteins for detecting prostate-specific antigen expression in vivo. RSC Chem Biol 2023; 4:494-505. [PMID: 37415866 PMCID: PMC10320840 DOI: 10.1039/d3cb00010a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Late-stage prostate cancer often acquires resistance to conventional chemotherapies and transforms into a hormone-refractory, drug-resistant, and non-curative disease. Developing non-invasive tools to detect the biochemical changes that correlate with drug efficacy and reveal the onset of drug resistance would have important ramifications in managing the treatment regimen for individual patients. Here, we report the selection of new Designed Ankyrin Repeat Proteins (DARPins) that show high affinity toward prostate-specific antigen (PSA), a biomarker used in clinical monitoring of prostate cancer. Ribosome display and in vitro screening tools were used to select PSA-binding DARPins based on their binding affinity, selectivity, and chemical constitution. Surface plasmon resonance measurements demonstrated that the four lead candidates bind to PSA with nanomolar affinity. DARPins were site-specifically functionalised at a unique C-terminal cysteine with a hexadentate aza-nonamacrocyclic chelate (NODAGA) for subsequent radiolabelling with the positron-emitting radionuclide 68Ga. [68Ga]GaNODAGA-DARPins showed high stability toward transchelation and were stable in human serum for >2 h. Radioactive binding assays using streptavidin-loaded magnetic beads confirmed that the functionalisation and radiolabelling did not compromise the specificity of [68Ga]GaNODAGA-DARPins toward PSA. Biodistribution experiments in athymic nude mice bearing subcutaneous prostate cancer xenografts derived from the LNCaP cell line revealed that three of the four [68Ga]GaNODAGA-DARPins displayed specific tumour-binding in vivo. For DARPin-6, tumour-uptake in the normal group reached 4.16 ± 0.58% ID g-1 (n = 3; 2 h post-administration) and was reduced by ∼50% by competitive binding with a low molar activity formulation (blocking group: 2.47 ± 0.42% ID g-1; n = 3; P value = 0.018). Collectively, the experimental results support the future development of new PSA-specific imaging agents for potential use in monitoring the efficacy of androgen receptor (AR)-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Gut
- University of Zurich, Department of Chemistry Winterthurerstrasse 190 CH-8057, Zurich Switzerland https://www.hollandlab.org https://twitter.com/HollandLab_ +41-44-63-53990
| | - Birgit Dreier
- University of Zurich, Department of Biochemistry Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Sven Furler
- University of Zurich, Department of Biochemistry Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Jens Sobek
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich and University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Andreas Plückthun
- University of Zurich, Department of Biochemistry Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Jason P Holland
- University of Zurich, Department of Chemistry Winterthurerstrasse 190 CH-8057, Zurich Switzerland https://www.hollandlab.org https://twitter.com/HollandLab_ +41-44-63-53990
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Bragina O, Chernov V, Schulga A, Konovalova E, Hober S, Deyev S, Sörensen J, Tolmachev V. Direct Intra-Patient Comparison of Scaffold Protein-Based Tracers, [ 99mTc]Tc-ADAPT6 and [ 99mTc]Tc-(HE) 3-G3, for Imaging of HER2-Positive Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3149. [PMID: 37370758 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous Phase I clinical evaluations of the radiolabelled scaffold proteins [99mTc]Tc-ADAPT6 and DARPin [99mTc]Tc-(HE)3-G3 in breast cancer patients have demonstrated their safety and indicated their capability to discriminate between HER2-positive and HER2-negative tumours. The objective of this study was to compare the imaging of HER2-positive tumours in the same patients using [99mTc]Tc-ADAPT6 and [99mTc]Tc-(HE)3-G3. Eleven treatment-naïve female patients (26-65 years) with HER2-positive primary and metastatic breast cancer were included in the study. Each patient was intravenously injected with [99mTc]Tc-ADAPT6, followed by an [99mTc]Tc-(HE)3-G3 injection 3-4 days later and chest SPECT/CT was performed. All primary tumours were clearly visualized using both tracers. The uptake of [99mTc]Tc-ADAPT6 in primary tumours (SUVmax = 4.7 ± 2.1) was significantly higher (p < 0.005) than the uptake of [99mTc]Tc-(HE)3-G3 (SUVmax = 3.5 ± 1.7). There was no significant difference in primary tumour-to-contralateral site values for [99mTc]Tc-ADAPT6 (15.2 ± 7.4) and [99mTc]Tc-(HE)3-G3 (19.6 ± 12.4). All known lymph node metastases were visualized using both tracers. The uptake of [99mTc]Tc-ADAPT6 in all extrahepatic soft tissue lesions was significantly (p < 0.0004) higher than the uptake of [99mTc]Tc-(HE)3-G3. In conclusion, [99mTc]Tc-ADAPT6 and [99mTc]Tc-(HE)3-G3 are suitable for the visualization of HER2-positive breast cancer. At the selected time points, [99mTc]Tc-ADAPT6 has a significantly higher uptake in soft tissue lesions, which might be an advantage for the visualization of small metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Bragina
- Department of Nuclear Therapy and Diagnostic, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir Chernov
- Department of Nuclear Therapy and Diagnostic, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Alexey Schulga
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Konovalova
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sophia Hober
- Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sergey Deyev
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Jens Sörensen
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Nuclear Medicine & PET, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vladimir Tolmachev
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
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Sidorenko GV, Miroslavov AE, Tyupina MY. Technetium(I) carbonyl complexes for nuclear medicine: Coordination-chemical aspect. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Bragina OD, Tashireva LA, Chernov VI, Deyev SM, Tolmachev VM. Possibilities of predicting the HER2 / neu status in a primary tumor in breast cancer patients using <sup>99m</sup>Tc-DARPinG3. BULLETIN OF SIBERIAN MEDICINE 2023. [DOI: 10.20538/1682-0363-2022-4-6-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Aim. To determine informative prognostic criteria for assessing the HER2 / neu status in primary breast cancer using 99mTc-DARPinG3.Materials and methods. The study included 10 patients with breast cancer (T1-4N0-2M0) before systemic therapy, who underwent a radionuclide study using 99mTc-DARPinG3 at a dose of 3,000 μg. Five patients were characterized by HER2 / neu overexpression in primary breast cancer, whereas 5 patients were HER2-negative. For all patients, morphological and immunohistochemical studies and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of the primary tumor nodule were carried out. Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) of the chest was performed for all patients 4 hours after the injection of 99mTc-DARPinG3.Results. The total activity of 99mTc-DARPinG3 was 522.4 ± 341.8 MBq. The comparative analysis showed that higher uptake of the labeled protein in HER2-positive breast cancer was significant (p = 0.0159, Mann – Whitney U test). The analysis of the ratios showed significant differences in the tumor-to-background ratios in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer (p < 0.0159, Mann – Whitney U test). Based on the logistic regression analysis, a mathematical model was developed to predict the status of HER2 / neu in primary breast cancer patients (specificity and sensitivity 100%; p = 0.0004) using 99mTc-DARPinG3 at a dose of 3,000 mcg 4 hours after the injection of the radiopharmaceutical.Conclusion. The results of the study allow to consider the tumor-to-background ratio 4 hours after the injection of 99mTc-DARPinG3 as an additional prognostic parameter for determining the HER2 / neu status in primary breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. D. Bragina
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center (NRMC), Russian Academy of Sciences; National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University
| | - L. A. Tashireva
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center (NRMC), Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - V. I. Chernov
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center (NRMC), Russian Academy of Sciences; National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University
| | - S. M. Deyev
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University; Shemyakin – Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - V. M. Tolmachev
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University; Uppsala University
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Direct In Vivo Comparison of 99mTc-Labeled Scaffold Proteins, DARPin G3 and ADAPT6, for Visualization of HER2 Expression and Monitoring of Early Response for Trastuzumab Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315181. [PMID: 36499504 PMCID: PMC9740058 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive radionuclide molecular visualization of human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2) can provide stratification of patients for HER2-targeting therapy. This method can also enable monitoring of the response to such therapies, thereby making treatment personalized and more efficient. Clinical evaluation in a phase I study demonstrated that injections of two scaffold protein-based imaging probes, [99mTc]Tc-(HE)3-G3 and [99mTc]Tc-ADAPT6, are safe, well-tolerated and cause a low level of radioactivity in healthy tissue. The goal of this preclinical study was to select the best probe for stratification of patients and response monitoring. Biodistribution of both tracers was compared in mice bearing SKOV-3 xenografts with high HER2 expression or MDA-MB-468 xenografts with very low expression. Changes in accumulation of the probes in SKOV-3 tumors 24 h after injection of trastuzumab were evaluated. Both [99mTc]Tc-ADAPT6 and [99mTc]Tc-(HE)3-G3 permitted high contrast imaging of HER2-expressing tumors and a clear discrimination between tumors with high and low HER2 expression. However, [99mTc]Tc-ADAPT6 has better preconditions for higher sensitivity and specificity of stratification. On the other hand, [99mTc]Tc-(HE)3-G3 is capable of detecting the decrease of HER2 expression on response to trastuzumab therapy only 24 h after injection of the loading dose. This indicates that the [99mTc]Tc-(HE)3-G3 tracer would be better for monitoring early response to such treatment. The results of this study should be considered in planning of further clinical development of HER2 imaging probes.
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Larkina M, Plotnikov E, Bezverkhniaia E, Shabanova Y, Tretyakova M, Yuldasheva F, Zelchan R, Schulga A, Konovalova E, Vorobyeva A, Garousi J, Gräslund T, Belousov M, Tolmachev V, Deyev S. Comparative Preclinical Evaluation of Peptide-Based Chelators for the Labeling of DARPin G3 with 99mTc for Radionuclide Imaging of HER2 Expression in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13443. [PMID: 36362226 PMCID: PMC9653920 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive radionuclide imaging of human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2) expression in breast, gastroesophageal, and ovarian cancers may stratify patients for treatment using HER2-targeted therapeutics. Designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPins) are a promising type of targeting probe for radionuclide imaging. In clinical studies, the DARPin [99mTc]Tc-(HE)3-G3 labeled using a peptide-based chelator His-Glu-His-Glu-His-Glu ((HE)3), provided clear imaging of HER2 expressing breast cancer 2-4 h after injection. The goal of this study was to evaluate if the use of cysteine-containing peptide-based chelators Glu-Glu-Glu-Cys (E3C), Gly-Gly-Gly-Cys (G3C), and Gly-Gly-Gly-Ser-Cys connected via a (Gly-Gly-Gly-Ser)3-linker (designated as G3-(G3S)3C) would further improve the contrast of imaging using 99mTc-labeled derivatives of G3. The labeling of the new variants of G3 provided a radiochemical yield of over 95%. Labeled G3 variants bound specifically to human HER2-expressing cancer cell lines with affinities in the range of 1.9-5 nM. Biodistribution of [99mTc]Tc-G3-G3C, [99mTc]Tc-G3-(G3S)3C, and [99mTc]Tc-G3-E3C in mice was compared with the biodistribution of [99mTc]Tc-(HE)3-G3. It was found that the novel variants provide specific accumulation in HER2-expressing human xenografts and enable discrimination between tumors with high and low HER2 expression. However, [99mTc]Tc-(HE)3-G3 provided better contrast between tumors and the most frequent metastatic sites of HER2-expressing cancers and is therefore more suitable for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Larkina
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Evgenii Plotnikov
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Bezverkhniaia
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Yulia Shabanova
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Maria Tretyakova
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Feruza Yuldasheva
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Roman Zelchan
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Alexey Schulga
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Konovalova
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anzhelika Vorobyeva
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Javad Garousi
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 11417 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Torbjörn Gräslund
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 11417 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikhail Belousov
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir Tolmachev
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sergey Deyev
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
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10
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Bragina OD, Chernov VI, Deyev SM, Tolmachev VM. Clinical possibilities of HER2-positive breast cancer diagnosis using alternative scaffold proteins. BULLETIN OF SIBERIAN MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.20538/1682-0363-2022-3-132-139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
HER2-positive breast cancer occurs in 15–20% of breast cancer patients and is associated primarily with a poor prognosis of the disease and the need for highly specific targeted therapy. Despite the clinical importance of determining HER2/neu, traditional diagnostic methods have their disadvantages and require the study of new additional research techniques.The information presented in this review makes it possible to consider current trends in the radionuclide diagnosis of HER2-positive breast cancer using the latest class of alternative scaffold proteins and to consider various aspects of their use in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. D. Bragina
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center (NRMC), Russian Academy of Sciences; National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University
| | - V. I. Chernov
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center (NRMC), Russian Academy of Sciences; National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University
| | - S. M. Deyev
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University; Shemyakin – Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - V. M. Tolmachev
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University; Uppsala University
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11
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Targeting Tumor Cells Overexpressing the Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 3 with Potent Drug Conjugates Based on Affibody Molecules. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061293. [PMID: 35740315 PMCID: PMC9219639 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that therapy targeting the human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) could be a viable route for targeted cancer therapy. Here, we studied a novel drug conjugate, ZHER3-ABD-mcDM1, consisting of a HER3-targeting affibody molecule, coupled to the cytotoxic tubulin polymerization inhibitor DM1, and an albumin-binding domain for in vivo half-life extension. ZHER3-ABD-mcDM1 showed a strong affinity to the extracellular domain of HER3 (KD 6 nM), and an even stronger affinity (KD 0.2 nM) to the HER3-overexpressing pancreatic carcinoma cell line, BxPC-3. The drug conjugate showed a potent cytotoxic effect on BxPC-3 cells with an IC50 value of 7 nM. Evaluation of a radiolabeled version, [99mTc]Tc-ZHER3-ABD-mcDM1, showed a relatively high rate of internalization, with a 27% internalized fraction after 8 h. Further in vivo evaluation showed that it could target BxPC-3 (pancreatic carcinoma) and DU145 (prostate carcinoma) xenografts in mice, with an uptake peaking at 6.3 ± 0.4% IA/g at 6 h post-injection for the BxPC-3 xenografts. The general biodistribution showed uptake in the liver, lung, salivary gland, stomach, and small intestine, organs known to express murine ErbB3 naturally. The results from the study show that ZHER3-ABD-mcDM1 is a highly potent and selective drug conjugate with the ability to specifically target HER3 overexpressing cells. Further pre-clinical and clinical development is discussed.
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12
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Fay R, Törő I, Schinke AL, Simic B, Schaefer JV, Dreier B, Plückthun A, Holland JP. Sortase-Mediated Site-Specific Conjugation and 89Zr-Radiolabeling of Designed Ankyrin Repeat Proteins for PET. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:3576-3585. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachael Fay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Imre Törő
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anna-Lena Schinke
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Branko Simic
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jonas V. Schaefer
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Birgit Dreier
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Plückthun
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jason P. Holland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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13
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Bragina OD, Deyev SM, Chernov VI, Tolmachev VM. The Evolution of Targeted Radionuclide Diagnosis of HER2-Positive Breast Cancer. Acta Naturae 2022; 14:4-15. [PMID: 35923562 PMCID: PMC9307982 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.11611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This review examines the evolution of the radionuclide diagnosis of HER2-positive breast cancer using various compounds as a targeting module in clinical practice: from full-length antibodies to a new group of small synthetic proteins called alternative scaffold proteins. This topic is of especial relevance today in view of the problems attendant to the detection of breast cancer with HER2/neu overexpression, which, in most cases, introduce errors in the treatment of patients. The results of clinical studies of radiopharmaceuticals based on affibody molecules, ADAPTs, and DARPins for SPECT and PET have demonstrated good tolerability of the compounds, their rapid excretion from the body, and the possibility to differentiate tumor sites depending on the HER2/neu status. This indicates that targeted radionuclide diagnosis holds promise and the need to continue research in this direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- O D Bragina
- Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences Cancer Research institute, Tomsk, 634009 Russia
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, 634050 Russia
| | - S M Deyev
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, 634050 Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997 Russia
| | - V I Chernov
- Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences Cancer Research institute, Tomsk, 634009 Russia
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, 634050 Russia
| | - V M Tolmachev
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, 634050 Russia
- Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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14
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Bragina O, Chernov V, Schulga A, Konovalova E, Garbukov E, Vorobyeva A, Orlova A, Tashireva L, Sörensen J, Zelchan R, Medvedeva A, Deyev S, Tolmachev V. Phase I Trial of 99mTc-(HE) 3-G3, a DARPin-Based Probe for Imaging of HER2 Expression in Breast Cancer. J Nucl Med 2022; 63:528-535. [PMID: 34385343 PMCID: PMC8973295 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.121.262542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Radionuclide molecular imaging of human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2) expression may enable a noninvasive discrimination between HER2-positive and HER2-negative breast cancers for stratification of patients for HER2-targeted treatments. DARPin (designed ankyrin repeat proteins) G3 is a small (molecular weight, 14 kDa) scaffold protein with picomolar affinity to HER2. The aim of this first-in-humans study was to evaluate the safety, biodistribution, and dosimetry of 99mTc-(HE)3-G3. Methods: Three cohorts of patients with primary breast cancer (each including at least 4 patients with HER2-negative and 5 patients with HER2-positive tumors) were injected with 1,000, 2,000, or 3,000 μg of 99mTc-(HE)3-G3 (287 ± 170 MBq). Whole-body planar imaging followed by SPECT was performed at 2, 4, 6, and 24 h after injection. Vital signs and possible side effects were monitored during imaging and up to 7 d after injection. Results: All injections were well tolerated. No side effects were observed. The results of blood and urine analyses did not differ before and after studies. 99mTc-(HE)3-G3 cleared rapidly from the blood. The highest uptake was detected in the kidneys and liver followed by the lungs, breasts, and small intestinal content. The hepatic uptake after injection of 2,000 or 3,000 μg was significantly (P < 0.05) lower than the uptake after injection of 1,000 μg. Effective doses did not differ significantly between cohorts (average, 0.011 ± 0.004 mSv/MBq). Tumor-to-contralateral site ratios for HER-positive tumors were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than for HER2-negative at 2 and 4 h after injection. Conclusion: Imaging of HER2 expression using 99mTc-(HE)3-G3 is safe and well tolerated and provides a low absorbed dose burden on patients. This imaging enables discernment of HER2-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer. Phase I study data justify further clinical development of 99mTc-(HE)3-G3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Bragina
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir Chernov
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Alexey Schulga
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Konovalova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Eugeniy Garbukov
- Department of General Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Anzhelika Vorobyeva
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Orlova
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Liubov Tashireva
- Department of General and Molecular Pathology, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Tomsk, Russia; and
| | - Jens Sörensen
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Roman Zelchan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Anna Medvedeva
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Sergey Deyev
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Tolmachev
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia;
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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15
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Tolmachev VM, Chernov VI, Deyev SM. Targeted nuclear medicine. Seek and destroy. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr5034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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16
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López-Laguna H, Voltà-Durán E, Parladé E, Villaverde A, Vázquez E, Unzueta U. Insights on the emerging biotechnology of histidine-rich peptides. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 54:107817. [PMID: 34418503 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In the late 70's, the discovery of the restriction enzymes made possible the biological production of functional proteins by recombinant DNA technologies, a fact that largely empowered both biotechnological and pharmaceutical industries. Short peptides or small protein domains, with specific molecular affinities, were developed as purification tags in downstream processes to separate the target protein from the culture media or cell debris, upon breaking the producing cells. Among these tags, and by exploiting the interactivity of the imidazole ring of histidine residues, the hexahistidine peptide (H6) became a gold standard. Although initially used almost exclusively in protein production, H6 and related His-rich peptides are progressively proving a broad applicability in novel utilities including enzymatic processes, advanced drug delivery systems and diagnosis, through a so far unsuspected adaptation of their binding capabilities. In this context, the coordination of histidine residues and metals confers intriguing functionalities to His-rich sequences useable in the forward-thinking design of protein-based nano- and micro-materials and devices, through strategies that are comprehensively presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hèctor López-Laguna
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - Eric Voltà-Durán
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - Eloi Parladé
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - Antonio Villaverde
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain.
| | - Esther Vázquez
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain.
| | - Ugutz Unzueta
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain; Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain.
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17
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Deyev SM, Xu T, Liu Y, Schulga A, Konovalova E, Garousi J, Rinne SS, Larkina M, Ding H, Gräslund T, Orlova A, Tolmachev V, Vorobyeva A. Influence of the Position and Composition of Radiometals and Radioiodine Labels on Imaging of Epcam Expression in Prostate Cancer Model Using the DARPin Ec1. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13143589. [PMID: 34298801 PMCID: PMC8304184 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Metastasis-targeting therapy might improve outcomes in oligometastatic prostate cancer. Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is overexpressed in 40–60% of prostate cancer cases and might be used as a target for specific delivery of toxins and drugs. Radionuclide molecular imaging could enable non-invasive detection of EpCAM and stratification of patients for targeted therapy. Designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPins) are scaffold proteins, which can be selected for specific binding to different targets. The DARPin Ec1 binds strongly to EpCAM. To determine an optimal design of Ec1-based probes, we labeled Ec1 at two different positions with four different nuclides (68Ga, 111In, 57Co and 125I) and investigated the impact on Ec1 biodistribution. We found that the C-terminus is the best position for labeling and that 111In and 125I provide the best imaging contrast. This study might be helpful for scientists developing imaging probes based on scaffold proteins. Abstract The epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is intensively overexpressed in 40–60% of prostate cancer (PCa) cases and can be used as a target for the delivery of drugs and toxins. The designed ankyrin repeat protein (DARPin) Ec1 has a high affinity to EpCAM (68 pM) and a small size (18 kDa). Radiolabeled Ec1 might be used as a companion diagnostic for the selection of PCa patients for therapy. The study aimed to investigate the influence of radiolabel position (N- or C-terminal) and composition on the targeting and imaging properties of Ec1. Two variants, having an N- or C-terminal cysteine, were produced, site-specifically conjugated to a DOTA chelator and labeled with cobalt-57, gallium-68 or indium-111. Site-specific radioiodination was performed using ((4-hydroxyphenyl)-ethyl)maleimide (HPEM). Biodistribution of eight radiolabeled Ec1-probes was measured in nude mice bearing PCa DU145 xenografts. In all cases, positioning of a label at the C-terminus provided the best tumor-to-organ ratios. The non-residualizing [125I]I-HPEM label provided the highest tumor-to-muscle and tumor-to-bone ratios and is more suitable for EpCAM imaging in early-stage PCa. Among the radiometals, indium-111 provided the highest tumor-to-blood, tumor-to-lung and tumor-to-liver ratios and could be used at late-stage PCa. In conclusion, label position and composition are important for the DARPin Ec1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey M. Deyev
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (S.M.D.); (A.S.); (M.L.); (A.O.); (A.V.)
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
- Bio-Nanophotonic Lab., Institute of Engineering Physics for Biomedicine (PhysBio), National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”, 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tianqi Xu
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (T.X.); (Y.L.); (J.G.)
| | - Yongsheng Liu
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (T.X.); (Y.L.); (J.G.)
| | - Alexey Schulga
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (S.M.D.); (A.S.); (M.L.); (A.O.); (A.V.)
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Elena Konovalova
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Javad Garousi
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (T.X.); (Y.L.); (J.G.)
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 114 17 Stockholm, Sweden; (H.D.); (T.G.)
| | - Sara S. Rinne
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Maria Larkina
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (S.M.D.); (A.S.); (M.L.); (A.O.); (A.V.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Siberian State Medical University (SSMU), 2, Moscow Trakt, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Haozhong Ding
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 114 17 Stockholm, Sweden; (H.D.); (T.G.)
| | - Torbjörn Gräslund
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 114 17 Stockholm, Sweden; (H.D.); (T.G.)
| | - Anna Orlova
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (S.M.D.); (A.S.); (M.L.); (A.O.); (A.V.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden;
- Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vladimir Tolmachev
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (S.M.D.); (A.S.); (M.L.); (A.O.); (A.V.)
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (T.X.); (Y.L.); (J.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Anzhelika Vorobyeva
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (S.M.D.); (A.S.); (M.L.); (A.O.); (A.V.)
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (T.X.); (Y.L.); (J.G.)
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18
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Bragina OD, Chernov VI, Garbukov EY, Doroshenko AV, Vorobyeva AG, Orlova AM, Tolmachev VM. Possibilities of radionuclide diagnostics of Her2-positive breast cancer using technetium-99m-labeled target molecules: the first experience of clinical use. BULLETIN OF SIBERIAN MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.20538/1682-0363-2021-1-23-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- O. D. Bragina
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center (TNRMC) of the Russian Academy of Sciences;
“Oncoteranostika” Research Center, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University (NR TPU)
| | - V. I. Chernov
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center (TNRMC) of the Russian Academy of Sciences;
“Oncoteranostika” Research Center, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University (NR TPU)
| | - E. Yu. Garbukov
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center (TNRMC) of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - A. V. Doroshenko
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center (TNRMC) of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - A. G. Vorobyeva
- “Oncoteranostika” Research Center, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University (NR TPU);
Uppsala University
| | - A. M. Orlova
- “Oncoteranostika” Research Center, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University (NR TPU);
Uppsala University
| | - V. M. Tolmachev
- “Oncoteranostika” Research Center, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University (NR TPU);
Uppsala University
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19
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Rinne SS, Orlova A, Tolmachev V. PET and SPECT Imaging of the EGFR Family (RTK Class I) in Oncology. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073663. [PMID: 33915894 PMCID: PMC8036874 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The human epidermal growth factor receptor family (EGFR-family, other designations: HER family, RTK Class I) is strongly linked to oncogenic transformation. Its members are frequently overexpressed in cancer and have become attractive targets for cancer therapy. To ensure effective patient care, potential responders to HER-targeted therapy need to be identified. Radionuclide molecular imaging can be a key asset for the detection of overexpression of EGFR-family members. It meets the need for repeatable whole-body assessment of the molecular disease profile, solving problems of heterogeneity and expression alterations over time. Tracer development is a multifactorial process. The optimal tracer design depends on the application and the particular challenges of the molecular target (target expression in tumors, endogenous expression in healthy tissue, accessibility). We have herein summarized the recent preclinical and clinical data on agents for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Single Photon Emission Tomography (SPECT) imaging of EGFR-family receptors in oncology. Antibody-based tracers are still extensively investigated. However, their dominance starts to be challenged by a number of tracers based on different classes of targeting proteins. Among these, engineered scaffold proteins (ESP) and single domain antibodies (sdAb) show highly encouraging results in clinical studies marking a noticeable trend towards the use of smaller sized agents for HER imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara S. Rinne
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; (S.S.R.); (A.O.)
| | - Anna Orlova
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; (S.S.R.); (A.O.)
- Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir Tolmachev
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-704-250-782
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20
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Oroujeni M, Rinne SS, Vorobyeva A, Loftenius A, Feldwisch J, Jonasson P, Chernov V, Orlova A, Frejd FY, Tolmachev V. Preclinical Evaluation of 99mTc-ZHER2:41071, a Second-Generation Affibody-Based HER2-Visualizing Imaging Probe with a Low Renal Uptake. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052770. [PMID: 33803361 PMCID: PMC7967187 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Radionuclide imaging of HER2 expression in tumours may enable stratification of patients with breast, ovarian, and gastroesophageal cancers for HER2-targeting therapies. A first-generation HER2-binding affibody molecule [99mTc]Tc-ZHER2:V2 demonstrated favorable imaging properties in preclinical studies. Thereafter, the affibody scaffold has been extensively modified, which increased its melting point, improved storage stability, and increased hydrophilicity of the surface. In this study, a second-generation affibody molecule (designated ZHER2:41071) with a new improved scaffold has been prepared and characterized. HER2-binding, biodistribution, and tumour-targeting properties of [99mTc]Tc-labelled ZHER2:41071 were investigated. These properties were compared with properties of the first-generation affibody molecules, [99mTc]Tc-ZHER2:V2 and [99mTc]Tc-ZHER2:2395. [99mTc]Tc-ZHER2:41071 bound specifically to HER2 expressing cells with an affinity of 58 ± 2 pM. The renal uptake for [99mTc]Tc-ZHER2:41071 and [99mTc]Tc-ZHER2:V2 was 25–30 fold lower when compared with [99mTc]Tc-ZHER2:2395. The uptake in tumour and kidney for [99mTc]Tc-ZHER2:41071 and [99mTc]Tc-ZHER2:V2 in SKOV-3 xenografts was similar. In conclusion, an extensive re-engineering of the scaffold did not compromise imaging properties of the affibody molecule labelled with 99mTc using a GGGC chelator. The new probe, [99mTc]Tc-ZHER2:41071 provided the best tumour-to-blood ratio compared to HER2-imaging probes for single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) described in the literature so far. [99mTc]Tc-ZHER2:41071 is a promising candidate for further clinical translation studies.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/pharmacokinetics
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Female
- Humans
- Kidney/diagnostic imaging
- Kidney/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Neoplasms, Experimental/diagnostic imaging
- Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Radiopharmaceuticals/chemical synthesis
- Radiopharmaceuticals/chemistry
- Radiopharmaceuticals/pharmacokinetics
- Radiopharmaceuticals/pharmacology
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Technetium/chemistry
- Technetium/pharmacokinetics
- Technetium/pharmacology
- Tissue Distribution
- Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Oroujeni
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (M.O.); (A.V.); (F.Y.F.); (V.T.)
| | - Sara S. Rinne
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 751 83 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Anzhelika Vorobyeva
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (M.O.); (A.V.); (F.Y.F.); (V.T.)
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia;
| | | | | | - Per Jonasson
- Affibody AB, 171 65 Solna, Sweden; (A.L.); (J.F.); (P.J.)
| | - Vladimir Chernov
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia;
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Anna Orlova
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 751 83 Uppsala, Sweden;
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-073-9922846
| | - Fredrik Y. Frejd
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (M.O.); (A.V.); (F.Y.F.); (V.T.)
- Affibody AB, 171 65 Solna, Sweden; (A.L.); (J.F.); (P.J.)
| | - Vladimir Tolmachev
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (M.O.); (A.V.); (F.Y.F.); (V.T.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 751 83 Uppsala, Sweden;
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21
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Tolmachev V, Orlova A, Sörensen J. The emerging role of radionuclide molecular imaging of HER2 expression in breast cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 72:185-197. [PMID: 33465471 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Targeting of human epidermal growth factor type 2 (HER2) using monoclonal antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates and tyrosine kinase inhibitors extends survival of patients with HER2-expressing metastatic breast cancer. High expression of HER2 is a predictive biomarker for such specific treatment. Accurate determination of HER2 expression level is necessary for stratification of patients to targeted therapy. Non-invasive in vivo radionuclide molecular imaging of HER2 has a potential of repetitive measurements, addressing issues of heterogeneous expression and conversion of HER2 status during disease progression or in response to therapy. Imaging probes based of several classes of targeting proteins are currently in preclinical and early clinical development. Both preclinical and clinical data suggest that the most promising are imaging agents based on small proteins, such as single domain antibodies or engineered scaffold proteins. These agents permit a very specific high-contrast imaging at the day of injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Tolmachev
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia.
| | - Anna Orlova
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jens Sörensen
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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22
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Torres JB, Mosley M, Koustoulidou S, Hopkins S, Knapp S, Chaikuad A, Kondoh M, Tachibana K, Kersemans V, Cornelissen B. Radiolabeled cCPE Peptides for SPECT Imaging of Claudin-4 Overexpression in Pancreatic Cancer. J Nucl Med 2020; 61:1756-1763. [PMID: 32414951 PMCID: PMC8679629 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.120.243113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of tight-junction protein claudin-4 has been detected in primary and metastatic pancreatic cancer tissue and is associated with better prognosis in patients. Noninvasive measurement of claudin-4 expression by imaging methods could provide a means for accelerating detection and stratifying patients into risk groups. Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) is a natural ligand for claudin-4 and holds potential as a targeting vector for molecular imaging of claudin-4 overexpression. A glutathione S-transferases (GST)-tagged version of the C terminus of CPE (cCPE) was previously used to delineate claudin-4 overexpression by SPECT but showed modest binding affinity and slow blood clearance in vivo. Methods: On the basis of the crystal structure of cCPE, a series of smaller cCPE194-319 mutants with putatively improved binding affinity for claudin-4 was generated by site-directed mutagenesis. All peptides were conjugated site-specifically on a C-terminal cysteine using maleimide-diethylenetriamine pentaacetate to enable radiolabeling with 111In. The binding affinity of all radioconjugates was evaluated in claudin-4-expressing PSN-1 cells and HT1080-negative controls. The specificity of all cCPE mutants to claudin-4 was assessed in HT1080 cells stably transfected with claudin-4. SPECT/CT imaging of BALB/c nude mice bearing PSN-1 or HT1080 tumor xenografts was performed to determine the claudin-4-targeting ability of these peptides in vivo. Results: Uptake of all cCPE-based radioconjugates was significantly higher in PSN-1 cells than in HT1080-negative controls. All peptides showed a marked improvement in affinity for claudin-4 in vitro when compared with previously reported values (dissociation constant: 2.2 ± 0.8, 3 ± 0.1, 4.2 ± 0.5, 10 ± 0.9, and 9.7 ± 0.7 nM). Blood clearance of [111In]In-cCPE194-319, as measured by SPECT, was considerably faster than that of [111In]In-cCPE.GST (half-life, <1 min). All radiopeptides showed significantly higher accumulation in PSN-1 xenografts than in HT1080 tumors at 90 min after injection of the tracer ([111In]In-cCPE194-319, 2.7 ± 0.8 vs. 0.4 ± 0.1 percentage injected dose per gram [%ID/g], P < 0.001; [111In]In-S313A, 2.3 ± 0.9 vs. 0.5 ± 0.1 %ID/g, P < 0.01; [111In]In-S307A + N309A + S313A, 2 ± 0.4 vs. 0.3 ± 0.1 %ID/g, P < 0.01; [111In]In-D284A, 2 ± 0.2 vs. 0.7 ± 0.1 %ID/g, P < 0.05; [111In]In-L254F + K257D, 6.3 ± 0.9 vs. 0.7 ± 0.2 %ID/g, P < 0.001). Conclusion: These optimized cCPE-based SPECT imaging agents show great promise as claudin-4-targeting vectors for in vivo imaging of claudin-4 overexpression in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Baguña Torres
- Cancer Research United Kingdom and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Mosley
- Cancer Research United Kingdom and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sofia Koustoulidou
- Cancer Research United Kingdom and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Samantha Hopkins
- Cancer Research United Kingdom and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Structure Genomics Consortium, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Cancer Network, Mainz-Frankfurt, Germany; and
| | - Apirat Chaikuad
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Structure Genomics Consortium, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Masuo Kondoh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keisuke Tachibana
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Veerle Kersemans
- Cancer Research United Kingdom and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Bart Cornelissen
- Cancer Research United Kingdom and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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23
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Williams JD, Kampmeier F, Badar A, Howland K, Cooper MS, Mullen GED, Blower PJ. Optimal His-Tag Design for Efficient [ 99mTc(CO) 3] + and [ 188Re(CO) 3] + Labeling of Proteins for Molecular Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy by Analysis of Peptide Arrays. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 32:1242-1254. [PMID: 33241692 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Hexahistidine tags (His-tags), incorporated into recombinant proteins to facilitate purification using metal-affinity chromatography, are useful binding sites for radiolabeling with [99mTc(CO)3]+ and [188Re(CO)3]+ for molecular imaging and radionuclide therapy. Labeling efficiencies vary unpredictably, and the method is therefore not universally useful. To overcome this, we have made quantitative comparisons of radiolabeling of a bespoke Celluspots array library of 382 His-tag-containing peptide sequences with [99mTc(CO)3]+ and [188Re(CO)3]+ to identify key features that enhance labeling. A selected sequence with 10-fold enhanced labeling efficiency compared to the most effective literature-reported sequences was incorporated into an exemplar protein and compared biologically with non-optimized analogues, in vitro and in vivo. Optimal labeling with either [99mTc(CO)3]+ or [188Re(CO)3]+ required six consecutive His residues in the protein sequence, surrounded by several positively charged residues (Arg or Lys), and the presence of phosphate in the buffer. Cys or Met residues in the sequence were beneficial, to a lesser extent. Negatively charged residues were deleterious to labeling. His-tags with adjacent positively charged residues could be labeled as much as 40 times more efficiently than those with adjacent negatively charged residues. 31P NMR of [Re(CO)3(H2O)3]+ and electrophoresis of solutions of [99mTc(CO)3(H2O)3]+ suggest that phosphate bridges form between cationic residues and the cationic metal synthon during labeling. The trial optimized protein, a scFv targeted to the PSMA antigen expressed in prostate cancer, was readily labeled in >95% radiochemical yield, without the need for subsequent purification. Labeling occurred more quickly and to higher specific activity than comparable non-optimized proteins, while retaining specific binding to PSMA and prostate cancer in vivo. Thus, optimized His-tags greatly simplify radiolabeling of recombinant proteins making them potentially more widely and economically available for imaging and treating patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer D Williams
- King's College London, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Florian Kampmeier
- King's College London, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Badar
- King's College London, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Howland
- Biomolecular Science Facility, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NJ, United Kingdom
| | - Margaret S Cooper
- King's College London, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Gregory E D Mullen
- King's College London, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Philip J Blower
- King's College London, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
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24
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Investigation of a Pharmacological Approach for Reduction of Renal Uptake of Radiolabeled ADAPT Scaffold Protein. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25194448. [PMID: 32998229 PMCID: PMC7583817 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Albumin binding domain-Derived Affinity ProTeins (ADAPTs) are small (5 kDa) engineered scaffold proteins that are promising targeting agents for radionuclide-based imaging. A recent clinical study has demonstrated that radiolabeled ADAPTs can efficiently visualize human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression in breast cancer using SPECT imaging. However, the use of ADAPTs directly labeled with radiometals for targeted radionuclide therapy is limited by their high reabsorption and prolonged retention of activity in kidneys. In this study, we investigated whether a co-injection of lysine or gelofusin, commonly used for reduction of renal uptake of radiolabeled peptides in clinics, would reduce the renal uptake of [99mTc]Tc(CO)3-ADAPT6 in NMRI mice. In order to better understand the mechanism behind the reabsorption of [99mTc]Tc(CO)3-ADAPT6, we included several compounds that act on various parts of the reabsorption system in kidneys. Administration of gelofusine, lysine, probenecid, furosemide, mannitol, or colchicine did not change the uptake of [99mTc]Tc(CO)3-ADAPT6 in kidneys. Sodium maleate reduced the uptake of [99mTc]Tc(CO)3-ADAPT6 to ca. 25% of the uptake in the control, a high dose of fructose (50 mmol/kg) reduced the uptake by ca. two-fold. However, a lower dose (20 mmol/kg) had no effect. These results indicate that common clinical strategies are not effective for reduction of kidney uptake of [99mTc]Tc(CO)3-ADAPT6 and that other strategies for reduction of activity uptake or retention in kidneys should be investigated for ADAPT6.
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25
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Altai M, Garousi J, Rinne SS, Schulga A, Deyev S, Vorobyeva A. On the prevention of kidney uptake of radiolabeled DARPins. EJNMMI Res 2020; 10:7. [PMID: 32020413 PMCID: PMC7000568 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-020-0599-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPins) are small engineered scaffold proteins (14–18 kDa) that demonstrated promising tumor-targeting properties in preclinical studies. However, high renal accumulation of activity for DARPins labeled with residualizing labels is a limitation for targeted radionuclide therapy. A better understanding of the mechanisms behind the kidney uptake of DARPins could aid the development of strategies to reduce it. In this study, we have investigated whether the renal uptake of [99mTc]Tc(CO)3-G3 DARPin could be reduced by administration of compounds that act on various parts of the reabsorption system in the kidney. Results Co-injection of lysine or Gelofusine was not effective for the reduction of kidney uptake of [99mTc]Tc(CO)3-G3. Administration of sodium maleate before the injection of [99mTc]Tc(CO)3-G3 reduced the kidney-associated activity by 60.4 ± 10.3%, while administration of fructose reduced it by 46.9 ± 7.6% compared with the control. The decrease in the kidney uptake provided by sodium maleate was also observed for [99mTc]Tc(CO)3-9_29 DARPin. Preinjection of colchicine, probenecid, mannitol, or furosemide had no effect on the kidney uptake of [99mTc]Tc(CO)3-G3. Kidney autoradiography showed mainly cortical accumulation of activity for all studied groups. Conclusion Common clinical strategies were not effective for the reduction of kidney uptake of [99mTc]Tc(CO)3-G3. Both fructose and maleate lower the cellular ATP level in the proximal tubule cells and their reduction of the kidney reuptake indicates the involvement of an ATP-driven uptake mechanism. The decrease provided by maleate for both G3 and 9_29 DARPins indicates that their uptake proceeds through a mechanism independent of DARPin structure and binding site composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Altai
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, SE-75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Javad Garousi
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, SE-75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sara S Rinne
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alexey Schulga
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Deyev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia.,Center of Biomedical Engineering, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anzhelika Vorobyeva
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, SE-75185, Uppsala, Sweden. .,National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia.
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26
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Deyev SM, Vorobyeva A, Schulga A, Abouzayed A, Günther T, Garousi J, Konovalova E, Ding H, Gräslund T, Orlova A, Tolmachev V. Effect of a radiolabel biochemical nature on tumor-targeting properties of EpCAM-binding engineered scaffold protein DARPin Ec1. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 145:216-225. [PMID: 31863835 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Radionuclide-based imaging of molecular therapeutic targets might facilitate stratifying patients for specific biotherapeutics. New type of imaging probes, based on designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPins), have demonstrated excellent contrast of imaging of human epidermal growth factor type 2 (HER2) expression in preclinical models. We hypothesized that labeling approaches, which result in lipophilic radiometabolites (non-residualizing labels), would provide the best imaging contrast for DARPins that internalize slowly after binding to cancer cells. The hypothesis was tested using DARPin Ec1 that binds to epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM). EpCAM is a promising therapeutic target. Ec1 was labeled with 125I using two methods to obtain the non-residualizing labels, while residualizing labels were obtained by labeling it with 99mTc. All labeled Ec1 variants preserved target specificity and picomolar binding affinity to EpCAM-expressing pancreatic adenocarcinoma BxPC-3 cells. In murine models, all the variants provided similar tumor uptake. However, 125I-PIB-H6-Ec1 had noticeably lower retention in normal tissues, which provided appreciably higher tumor-to-organ ratios. Furthermore, 125I-PIB-H6-Ec1 demonstrated the highest imaging contrast in preclinical models than any other EpCAM-imaging agent tested so far. In conclusion, DARPin Ec1 in combination with a non-residualizing label is a promising probe for imaging EpCAM expression a few hours after injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey M Deyev
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia; Center of Biomedical Engineering, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anzhelika Vorobyeva
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia; Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alexey Schulga
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Ayman Abouzayed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tyran Günther
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Javad Garousi
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Elena Konovalova
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Haozhong Ding
- Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Torbjörn Gräslund
- Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Orlova
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vladimir Tolmachev
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia; Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Shilovskiy IP, Dyneva ME, Kurbacheva OM, Kudlay DA, Khaitov MR. The Role of Interleukin-37 in the Pathogenesis of Allergic Diseases. Acta Naturae 2019; 11:54-64. [PMID: 31993235 PMCID: PMC6977961 DOI: 10.32607/20758251-2019-11-4-54-64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokines of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) family play an important role in the realization of the protective functions of innate immunity and are the key mediators involved in the pathogenesis of a wide range of diseases, including various manifestations of allergy. The IL-1 family includes more than 11 members. However, the functions of many of them remain to be elucidated. Recently, new members of the IL-1 family have been discovered. In 2000, several independent research groups reported the discovery of a new interleukin of this family, which was named IL-37, or IL-1F7 (according to the new nomenclature). IL-37 was assigned to the IL-1 family based on its structural similarity with other members of this family. The study of its biological properties showed that its activity changes in inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, as well as allergic diseases (allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, and atopic dermatitis). However, unlike most members of the IL-1 family, IL-37 acts as a negative regulator of inflammation. Activation of IL-37 suppresses inflammation, resulting in the suppression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which in turn prevents infiltration of pro-inflammatory cells, mainly eosinophils and neutrophils. The exact molecular and cellular mechanisms of the anti-inflammatory effect of IL-37 in the development of allergic diseases (AD) have not been fully studied. This review summarizes and analyzes the accumulated experimental data on the role of IL-37 in the pathogenesis of AD, such as allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, and atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. P. Shilovskiy
- National Research Center – Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, 115522 Russia
| | - M. E. Dyneva
- National Research Center – Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, 115522 Russia
| | - O. M. Kurbacheva
- National Research Center – Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, 115522 Russia
| | - D. A. Kudlay
- National Research Center – Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, 115522 Russia
| | - M. R. Khaitov
- National Research Center – Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, 115522 Russia
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Shilova ON, Deyev SM. DARPins: Promising Scaffolds for Theranostics. Acta Naturae 2019; 11:42-53. [PMID: 31993234 PMCID: PMC6977956 DOI: 10.32607/20758251-2019-11-4-42-53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies are the classical basis for targeted therapy, but the development of alternative binding proteins has made it possible to use non-immunoglobulin proteins as targeting modules. The advantages of DARPins, scaffold proteins based on ankyrin repeats, over antibodies are as follows: small size, stability over a wide range of temperatures and pH values, low aggregation tendency, and ease of production in heterologous expression systems. The differences in the structure of the paratope of DARPin and antibodies broaden the spectrum of target molecules, while the ease of creating hybrid fusion proteins allows one to obtain bispecific and multivalent constructs. In this article, we summarize recent data on the development of therapeutic and imaging compounds based on DARPins.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. N. Shilova
- Shemyakin–Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
| | - S. M. Deyev
- Shemyakin–Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
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29
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Indirect Radioiodination of DARPin G3 Using N-succinimidyl- Para-Iodobenzoate Improves the Contrast of HER2 Molecular Imaging. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20123047. [PMID: 31234471 PMCID: PMC6627094 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20123047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Radionuclide molecular imaging of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in breast and gastroesophageal cancer might be used to stratify patients for HER2-targeted therapy as well as monitor treatment response and disease progression. Designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPins) are small engineered scaffold proteins with favorable properties for molecular imaging. Herein we compared two methods for labeling the anti-HER2 DARPin (HE)3-G3, direct and indirect radioiodination. We hypothesized that the use of N-succinimidyl-para-iodobenzoate (SPIB) for radioiodination would facilitate the clearance of radiometabolites and improve the contrast of imaging. Both radiolabeled (HE)3-G3 variants preserved their binding specificity and high affinity to HER2-expressing cells. The specificity of tumor targeting in vivo was also demonstrated. A biodistribution comparison of [125I]I-(HE)3-G3 and [125I]I-PIB-(HE)3-G3, in mice bearing HER2 expressing SKOV3 xenografts, showed rapid clearance of [125I]I-PIB-(HE)3-G3 from normal organs and tissues and low accumulation of activity in organs with NaI-symporter expression. Both radiolabeled (HE)3-G3 variants had equal tumor uptake. Consequently, the indirect label provided higher tumor-to-blood and tumor-to-organ ratios compared with the direct label. Comparative Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT)/CT imaging of HER2 expression in SKOV3 xenografts, using both radiolabeled DARPins, demonstrated the superior imaging contrast of the indirect label. Indirect radioiodination of (HE)3-G3 using SPIB could be further applied for SPECT and PET imaging with iodine-123 and iodine-124.
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