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Gerber HP, Presta LG. TCR mimic compounds for pHLA targeting with high potency modalities in oncology. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1027548. [PMID: 36338746 PMCID: PMC9635445 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1027548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
pHLA complexes represent the largest class of cell surface markers on cancer cells, making them attractive for targeted cancer therapies. Adoptive cell therapies expressing TCRs that recognize tumor specific pHLAs take advantage of the unique selectivity and avidity of TCR: pHLA interactions. More recently, additional protein binding domains binding to pHLAs, known as TCR mimics (TCRm), were developed for tumor targeting of high potency therapeutic modalities, including bispecifics, ADCs, CAR T and -NK cells. TCRm compounds take advantage of the exquisite tumor specificity of certain pHLA targets, including cell lineage commitment markers and cancer testis antigens (CTAs). To achieve meaningful anti-tumor responses, it is critical that TCRm compounds integrate both, high target binding affinities and a high degree of target specificity. In this review, we describe the most advanced approaches to achieve both criteria, including affinity- and specificity engineering of TCRs, antibodies and alternative protein scaffolds. We also discuss the status of current TCRm based therapeutics developed in the clinic, key challenges, and emerging trends to improve treatment options for cancer patients treated with TCRm based therapeutics in Oncology.
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2
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Nakamura T, Kobayashi E, Hamana H, Hayakawa Y, Muraguchi A, Hayashi A, Ozawa T, Kishi H. Evaluation of chimeric antigen receptor of humanized rabbit-derived T cell receptor-like antibody. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:3321-3329. [PMID: 35766417 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell receptor (TCR)-like antibodies that specifically recognize antigenic peptides presented on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules have been developed for next-generation cancer immunotherapy. Recently, we reported a rapid and efficient method to generate TCR-like antibodies using a rabbit system. We humanized previously generated rabbit-derived TCR-like antibodies reacting Epstein-Barr virus peptide (BRLF1p, TYPVLEEMF) in the context of HLA-A24 molecules, produced CAR-T cells, and evaluated their anti-tumor effects using in vitro and in vivo tumor models. Humanization of the rabbit-derived TCR-like antibodies using the complementarity-determining region grafting technology maintained their specificity and affinity. We prepared a second-generation chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) using scFv of the humanized TCR-like antibodies and then transduced them into human T-cells. The CAR-T cells specifically recognized BRLF1p/MHC molecules and lysed the target cells in an antigen-specific manner in vitro. They also demonstrated anti-tumor activity in a mouse xenograft model. We report the generation of CAR-T cells using humanized rabbit-derived TCR-like antibodies. Together with our established and efficient generation procedure for TCR-like antibodies using rabbits, our platform for the clinical application of humanized rabbit-derived TCR-like antibodies to CAR-T cells will help improve next-generation cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Nakamura
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Eiji Kobayashi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hamana
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hayakawa
- Section of Host Defences, Department of Bioscience, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Muraguchi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hayashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Ozawa
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kishi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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3
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Okada M, Shimizu K, Fujii SI. Identification of Neoantigens in Cancer Cells as Targets for Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052594. [PMID: 35269735 PMCID: PMC8910406 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical benefits of immune checkpoint blockage (ICB) therapy have been widely reported. In patients with cancer, researchers have demonstrated the clinical potential of antitumor cytotoxic T cells that can be reinvigorated or enhanced by ICB. Compared to self-antigens, neoantigens derived from tumor somatic mutations are believed to be ideal immune targets in tumors. Candidate tumor neoantigens can be identified through immunogenomic or immunopeptidomic approaches. Identification of neoantigens has revealed several points of the clinical relevance. For instance, tumor mutation burden (TMB) may be an indicator of immunotherapy. In various cancers, mutation rates accompanying neoantigen loads may be indicative of immunotherapy. Furthermore, mismatch repair-deficient tumors can be eradicated by T cells in ICB treatment. Hence, immunotherapies using vaccines or adoptive T-cell transfer targeting neoantigens are potential innovative strategies. However, significant efforts are required to identify the optimal epitopes. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in the identification of neoantigens and discussed preclinical and clinical studies based on neoantigens. We also discuss the issues remaining to be addressed before clinical applications of these new therapeutic strategies can be materialized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Okada
- Laboratory for Immunotherapy, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan; (M.O.); (K.S.)
| | - Kanako Shimizu
- Laboratory for Immunotherapy, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan; (M.O.); (K.S.)
| | - Shin-ichiro Fujii
- Laboratory for Immunotherapy, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan; (M.O.); (K.S.)
- Program for Drug Discovery and Medical Technology Platforms, RIKEN, 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-45-503-7062
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4
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Dass SA, Selva Rajan R, Tye GJ, Balakrishnan V. The potential applications of T cell receptor (TCR)-like antibody in cervical cancer immunotherapy. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:2981-2994. [PMID: 33989511 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1913960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is ranked as the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide. Monoclonal antibody has created a new dimension in the immunotherapy of many diseases, including cervical cancer. The antibody's ability to target various aspects of cervical cancer (oncoviruses, oncoproteins, and signaling pathways) delivers a promising future for efficient immunotherapy. Besides, technologies such as hybridoma and phage display provide a fundamental platform for monoclonal antibody generation and create the opportunity to generate novel antibody classes including, T cell receptor (TCR)-like antibody. In this review, the current immunotherapy strategies for cervical cancer are presented. We have also proposed a novel concept of T cell receptor (TCR)-like antibody and its potential applications for enhancing cervical cancer therapeutics. Finally, the possible challenges in TCR-like antibody application for cervical cancer therapeutics have been addressed, and strategies to overcome the challenges have been highlighted to maximize the therapeutic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Annabel Dass
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, George Town, Malaysia
| | - Rehasri Selva Rajan
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, George Town, Malaysia
| | - Gee Jun Tye
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, George Town, Malaysia
| | - Venugopal Balakrishnan
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, George Town, Malaysia
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5
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Shivarov V, Blazhev G. Bringing Together the Power of T Cell Receptor Mimic and Bispecific Antibodies for Cancer Immunotherapy: Still a Long Way to Go. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2021; 40:81-85. [PMID: 33900820 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2021.0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibody-based cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized oncology. The first successful therapeutic antibodies relied on eliciting immune-mediated cytotoxicity (rituximab) or modulation of intracellular signaling (trastuzumab). Further attempts to enhance the antitumor effects led to the development of immunoconjugates with radioactive or cytotoxic compounds (tositumomab, brentuximab vedotin). Another line of research led to the bispecific antibodies that can enhance the formation of immunological synapse between cancer and cytotoxic T cells (blinatumomab). Despite the constant advances in design and production, the application of monoclonal antibodies in cancer treatment remains limited by the presence of specific cell surface markers. A rational approach to target intracellular cancer antigens was proposed almost two decades ago by the development of anti-peptide human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex (T cell receptor-like/mimic) antibodies. They could recognize specifically cancer neoantigens expressed in the context of specific HLA molecules theoretically providing unprecedented specificity. Furthermore, they can be developed in a semigeneric format, that is, to target common neoantigens expressed in the context of common HLA molecules. It is rationale to expect that the development of such antibodies in the format of bispecific antibody constructs can bring together the power of specific antibody-based recognition and that of T cell-mediated lysis. There are already some preliminary reports that suggest such constructs would be an achievable goal. In this brief review, we discuss some of the successful preclinical developments in the field and the major challenges that are yet to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velizar Shivarov
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, St. Kliment Ohridski Sofia University, Sofia, Bulgaria.,Medical Department, PRAHS, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Georgi Blazhev
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, St. Kliment Ohridski Sofia University, Sofia, Bulgaria
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6
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Ozawa T, Kobayashi E, Hamana H, Nakamura T, Lyu F, Hayashi A, Muraguchi A, Kishi H. Rapid and efficient generation of T-cell receptor-like antibodies using chip-based single-cell analysis. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:1850-1853. [PMID: 33728647 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202049083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Generation of TCR-like monoclonal antibodies using conventional methods is markedly laborious and inefficient. We have proposed improvements of ISAAC (chip-based Ab-secreting cell [ASC] screening method), allows comprehensive analysis of ASCs at the single-cell level to obtain TCR-like antibodies; blocking procedure enables us to avoid the detection of non-TCR-like antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuhiko Ozawa
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Eiji Kobayashi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hamana
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tomoko Nakamura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Fulian Lyu
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences (Medicine), University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.,Department of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan, P. R. China
| | - Atsushi Hayashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Muraguchi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kishi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Weidanz
- College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA.
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Middelburg J, Kemper K, Engelberts P, Labrijn AF, Schuurman J, van Hall T. Overcoming Challenges for CD3-Bispecific Antibody Therapy in Solid Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:287. [PMID: 33466732 PMCID: PMC7829968 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy of cancer with CD3-bispecific antibodies is an approved therapeutic option for some hematological malignancies and is under clinical investigation for solid cancers. However, the treatment of solid tumors faces more pronounced hurdles, such as increased on-target off-tumor toxicities, sparse T-cell infiltration and impaired T-cell quality due to the presence of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, which affect the safety and limit efficacy of CD3-bispecific antibody therapy. In this review, we provide a brief status update of the CD3-bispecific antibody therapy field and identify intrinsic hurdles in solid cancers. Furthermore, we describe potential combinatorial approaches to overcome these challenges in order to generate selective and more effective responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jim Middelburg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Kristel Kemper
- Genmab, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (K.K.); (P.E.); (A.F.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Patrick Engelberts
- Genmab, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (K.K.); (P.E.); (A.F.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Aran F. Labrijn
- Genmab, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (K.K.); (P.E.); (A.F.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Janine Schuurman
- Genmab, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (K.K.); (P.E.); (A.F.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Thorbald van Hall
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands;
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Kurosawa N, Midorikawa A, Ida K, Fudaba YW, Isobe M. Development of a T-cell receptor mimic antibody targeting a novel Wilms tumor 1-derived peptide and analysis of its specificity. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:3516-3526. [PMID: 32770595 PMCID: PMC7540971 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Wilms tumor 1 (WT1) is an intracellular tumor‐associated antigen that remains inaccessible to antibodies. Recently, T‐cell receptor (TCR) mimic antibodies (TCRm‐Abs), which recognize peptides loaded on human leukocyte antigen (HLA) with higher specificity and affinity than TCR, have been developed as a new antibody class that can target intracellular antigens. To expand the therapeutic targets in tumors with WT1, we developed TCRm‐Abs targeting a novel HLA‐A*02:01‐restricted peptide, WT1C (ALLPAVPSL), and validated their specificity using multiple techniques. Screening of these antibodies by ELISA with a panel of peptide/HLA complexes and by glycine scanning of peptide‐pulsed T2 cells identified one specific clone, #25‐8. Despite the low risk for eliciting broad cross–reactivity of this TCRm‐Ab, analysis of a panel of cell lines, in conjunction with exogenous expression of either or both the HLA‐A*02:01 and WT1 genes in HeLa cells, revealed that #25‐8 reacts with WT1C but also with unknown peptides in the context of HLA‐A*02:01. This potentially dangerous cross–reactivity was confirmed through analysis using chimeric antigen receptor T‐cells carrying the single‐chain variable fragment of #25‐8, which targets WT1‐negative HeLa/A02 cells. To determine the cross–reactive profiles of #25‐8, we applied the PresentER antigen presentation platform with the #25‐8‐recognition motif, which enables the identification of potential off–target peptides expressed in the human proteome. Our results demonstrate the potential of TCRm‐Abs to target a variety of peptides in the context of HLA but also depict the need for systematic validation to identify the cross–reactive peptides for the prediction of off–target toxicity in future clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Kurosawa
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Graduate School, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Aki Midorikawa
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Education, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kenta Ida
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Education, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yuka Wakata Fudaba
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Graduate School, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Masaharu Isobe
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Graduate School, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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10
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Guo ZS, Lotze MT, Zhu Z, Storkus WJ, Song XT. Bi- and Tri-Specific T Cell Engager-Armed Oncolytic Viruses: Next-Generation Cancer Immunotherapy. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E204. [PMID: 32664210 PMCID: PMC7400484 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8070204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are potent anti-cancer biologics with a bright future, having substantial evidence of efficacy in patients with cancer. Bi- and tri-specific antibodies targeting tumor antigens and capable of activating T cell receptor signaling have also shown great promise in cancer immunotherapy. In a cutting-edge strategy, investigators have incorporated the two independent anti-cancer modalities, transforming them into bi- or tri-specific T cell engager (BiTE or TriTE)-armed OVs for targeted immunotherapy. Since 2014, multiple research teams have studied this combinatorial strategy, and it showed substantial efficacy in various tumor models. Here, we first provide a brief overview of the current status of oncolytic virotherapy and the use of multi-specific antibodies for cancer immunotherapy. We then summarize progress on BiTE and TriTE antibodies as a novel class of cancer therapeutics in preclinical and clinical studies, followed by a discussion of BiTE- or TriTE-armed OVs for cancer therapy in translational models. In addition, T cell receptor mimics (TCRm) have been developed into BiTEs and are expected to greatly expand the application of BiTEs and BiTE-armed OVs for the effective targeting of intracellular tumor antigens. Future applications of such innovative combination strategies are emerging as precision cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zong Sheng Guo
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (M.T.L.); (Z.Z.); (W.J.S.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Michael T. Lotze
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (M.T.L.); (Z.Z.); (W.J.S.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Zhi Zhu
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (M.T.L.); (Z.Z.); (W.J.S.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Walter J. Storkus
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (M.T.L.); (Z.Z.); (W.J.S.)
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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11
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TCR-like domain antibody against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) heat shock protein antigen presented by HLA-A*11 and HLA-A*24. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 155:305-314. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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12
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Rader C. Bispecific antibodies in cancer immunotherapy. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2019; 65:9-16. [PMID: 31841859 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2019.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Among antibody-based cancer therapies, bispecific antibodies (biAbs) have gained momentum in preclinical and clinical investigations following the regulatory approvals of the trailblazing T-cell engaging biAb (T-biAb) blinatumomab. Discussed herein are recent strategies that aim at boosting the potency and mitigating the toxicity of T-biAbs, broadening their therapeutic utility from hematologic to solid malignancies, and generating T-biAbs in situ. In cancer immunotherapy, T-biAbs are facing fierce competition with chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-Ts), a battle for clinical and commercial viability that will be closely watched. However, innovative combinations of T-biAbs and CAR-Ts have also transpired. NK-cell engaging biAbs (NK-biAbs) are reemerging as an alternative that addresses liabilities of T-biAbs. Beyond NK-biAbs, other biAbs designed to recruit cellular and molecular components of the innate immune system will be covered in this reflection on new tools, technologies, and targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Rader
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA.
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Li F, Aljahdali I, Ling X. Cancer therapeutics using survivin BIRC5 as a target: what can we do after over two decades of study? JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:368. [PMID: 31439015 PMCID: PMC6704566 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1362-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Survivin (also named BIRC5) is a well-known cancer therapeutic target. Since its discovery more than two decades ago, the use of survivin as a target for cancer therapeutics has remained a central goal of survivin studies in the cancer field. Many studies have provided intriguing insight into survivin's functional role in cancers, thus providing promise for survivin as a cancer therapeutic target. Despite this, moving survivin-targeting agents into and through the clinic remains a challenge. In order to address this challenge, we may need to rethink current strategies in order to develop a new mindset for targeting survivin. In this Review, we will first summarize the current survivin mechanistic studies, and then review the status of survivin cancer therapeutics, which is classified into five categories: (i) survivin-partner protein interaction inhibitors, (ii) survivin homodimerization inhibitors, (iii) survivin gene transcription inhibitors, (iv) survivin mRNA inhibitors and (v) survivin immunotherapy. We will then provide our opinions on cancer therapeutics using survivin as a target, with the goal of stimulating discussion that might facilitate translational research for discovering improved strategies and/or more effective anticancer agents that target survivin for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhi Li
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, New York, 14263, USA. .,Developmental Therapeutics Program, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, New York, 14263, USA.
| | - Ieman Aljahdali
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, New York, 14263, USA.,Department of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, New York, 14263, USA
| | - Xiang Ling
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, New York, 14263, USA.,Canget BioTekpharma LLC, Buffalo, New York, USA
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