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Cerón DAC, de Alencar ER, Faroni LRD, Silva MVDA, Salvador DV. Toxicity of allyl isothiocyanate applied in systems with or without recirculation for controlling Sitophilus zeamais, Rhyzopertha dominica, and Tribolium castaneum in corn grains. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:6373-6382. [PMID: 37205787 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The application of allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) has been proposed as an alternative to control stored-grain insects. However, AITC is a compound with a low diffusion coefficient, making its distribution throughout the grain mass difficult. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of AITC applied in systems with or without recirculation for controlling Sitophilus zeamais (Mots. 1855) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabr.) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae), and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) infesting a corn grain mass. The assays used a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) prototype, dimensioned 1.60 m in length, 0.30 m in diameter, and a static capacity of 60 kg of grains. AITC toxicity to insects was evaluated at the base, 0.5 m from the base, and top of the grain column (1.0 m). Different concentrations of AITC were tested for an exposure period of 48 h. RESULTS In the system without AITC recirculation, insect mortality was verified only at the base of the grain column. However, insect mortality was considered uniform at the different positions of the column when the AITC recirculation system was adopted. In this system, there was also a marked reduction in the instantaneous population growth rate of S. zeamais, T. castaneum, and R. dominica, and a decrease in the dry matter loss of the grains, when the AITC concentrations were increased. CONCLUSION AITC recirculation proved to be a viable strategy for protecting grains against the species S. zeamais, R. dominica, and T. castaneum. AITC fumigation ultimately did not cause changes in grain quality. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Sousa PAS, Neto J, Barbosa JV, Peres J, Magro A, Barros G, Sousa JM, Magalhães FD, Mexia A, Aguiar AARM, Bastos MMSM. Novel Approach for a Controlled Delivery of Essential Oils during Long-Term Maize Storage: Clove Bud and Pennyroyal Oils Efficacy to Control Sitophilus zeamais, Reducing Grain Damage and Post-Harvest Losses. INSECTS 2023; 14:366. [PMID: 37103181 PMCID: PMC10146953 DOI: 10.3390/insects14040366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Maize grains represent a significant contribution for assuring food safety all over the globe. Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), also known as the maize weevil, is one of the most destructive pests in stored maize, causing qualitative and quantitative losses. To control S. zeamais populations in maize storage sites, synthetical chemical insecticides are applied. However, these are often used wastefully, have environmental implications, and can induce the development of resistant populations. In this work, the insecticidal and grain protecting efficacy of an innovative macro-capsule delivery device, loaded with essential oils from Clove bud and Pennyroyal, as well as their combined solutions, was tested against naturally S. zeamais-infested maize grains. The blend of both compounds incorporated in a controlled release device reduced losses by more than 45% over a long storage period of twenty weeks, diminishing the survivability of maize weevils by over 90%. The usage of the blend at a concentration of 370 μL⋅Lair-1 with an antioxidant showed the best results, however, by halving the concentration (185 μL⋅Lair-1), a significant control of S. zeamais populations was still achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro A. S. Sousa
- GreenUPorto—Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre/Inov4Agro, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua da Agrária 747, 4485-646 Vairão, Portugal; (P.A.S.S.)
| | - Joana Neto
- GreenUPorto—Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre/Inov4Agro, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua da Agrária 747, 4485-646 Vairão, Portugal; (P.A.S.S.)
| | - Joana V. Barbosa
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Peres
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Magro
- Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Graça Barros
- Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - José M. Sousa
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Química, Escola de Ciências da Vida e do Ambiente, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Fernão D. Magalhães
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - António Mexia
- Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
- LEAF—Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana A. R. M. Aguiar
- GreenUPorto—Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre/Inov4Agro, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua da Agrária 747, 4485-646 Vairão, Portugal; (P.A.S.S.)
| | - Margarida M. S. M. Bastos
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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Yao R, Yao S, Ai T, Huang J, Liu Y, Sun J. Organophosphate Pesticides and Pyrethroids in Farmland of the Pearl River Delta, China: Regional Residue, Distributions and Risks. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1017. [PMID: 36673774 PMCID: PMC9858657 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A regional-scale survey was conducted to assess the occurrence, distribution, and risk of two extensively used pesticides (organophosphate pesticides and pyrethroids) in agricultural soils from the Pearl River Delta (PRD), South China. All target organophosphate pesticides (OPPs) and pyrethroids (PYs) were detected in the soil samples and both with a detection rate of 100%. The residues of the sum of six OPPs and the sum of four PYs were in the range of LOD-991 ng/g and 8.76-2810 ng/g, respectively. Dimethoate was the dominant OPPs, and fenpropathrin was the predominant PYs in the soils of the PRD region. With intensive agricultural activities, higher residues of OPPs and PYs in soils were detected closer to the seaside, among which Zhuhai city and Huizhou city suffered more serious combined pesticide pollution. The vertical compositional profiles showed that dimethoate could be detected through each soil layer in the PRD region's nine cities. The human exposure estimation of OPPs showed insignificant risks to the local population. In contrast, cypermethrin and fenpropathrin showed a potential ecological risk of 2.5% and 3.75% of the sampling sites, respectively. These results can facilitate those commonly used pesticide controls and promote sustainable soil management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runlin Yao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China
- Bathurst Future Agri-Tech Institute, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Siyu Yao
- Department of Environmental Sciences, College of Earth and Environment Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Tao Ai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Jiahui Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Jianteng Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China
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Abenaim L, Mandoli A, Venturi F, Bedini S, Conti B. Evaluation of a quasi-dimeric eugenol derivative as repellent against the stored grain insect pest Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera Curculionidae). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:2588-2595. [PMID: 35340112 PMCID: PMC9321561 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Essential oils (EOs) and their chemical components are often proposed as an alternative to synthetic pesticides for pest control of foodstuff insect pests. However, their low persistence and strong, spicy odour, make them poorly suitable for use to protect food. Modification of the EOs components molecules increases their molecular weight and reduce their volatility. However, the effectiveness of such modified molecules has, so far, not been tested against stored food insect pests. In this study, the intensity and the duration of the repellence against the insect pest Sitophilus oryzae of a recently synthesized quasi-dimeric eugenol derivative (ED) (C18 H20 O4 ) were compared to those of eugenol and three eugenol related compounds. The hypothesis tested was that by its higher molecular weight and two functional groups the ED would overcome the low persistence and strong and spicy odour drawback of eugenol without compromising the repellence against insects. RESULTS The insect behavioural tests showed a greater repellence and persistence of ED than eugenol and the three eugenol related compounds against S. oryzae. The sensory analysis of ED by panel test indicated that ED is significantly less odorous than eugenol without any spicy nor balsamic nuances in its smell profile. CONCLUSIONS Because of its high repellence against insects and its low smell intensity for humans, ED could represent a valid repellent for the control of foodstuffs insect pests. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Abenaim
- Department of Agriculture, Food and EnvironmentUniversity of PisaPisaItaly
| | - Alessandro Mandoli
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial ChemistryUniversity of PisaPisaItaly
| | - Francesca Venturi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and EnvironmentUniversity of PisaPisaItaly
| | - Stefano Bedini
- Department of Agriculture, Food and EnvironmentUniversity of PisaPisaItaly
| | - Barbara Conti
- Department of Agriculture, Food and EnvironmentUniversity of PisaPisaItaly
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Method Validation and Evaluation of Safrole Persistence in Cowpea Beans Using Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction and Gas Chromatography. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26226914. [PMID: 34834007 PMCID: PMC8618816 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioinsecticides are regarded as important alternatives for controlling agricultural pests. However, few studies have determined the persistence of these compounds in stored grains. This study aimed at optimizing and validating a fast and effective method for extraction and quantification of residues of safrole (the main component of Piper hispidinervum essential oil) in cowpea beans. It also sought to assess the persistence of this substance in the grains treated by contact and fumigation. The proposed method used headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector (GC/FID). Factors such as temperature, extraction time and type of fiber were assessed to maximize the performance of the extraction technique. The performance of the method was appraised via the parameters selectivity, linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), precision, and accuracy. The LOD and LOQ of safrole were 0.0057 and 0.019 μg kg−1, respectively and the determination coefficient (R2) was >0.99. The relative recovery ranged from 99.26 to 104.85, with a coefficient of variation <15%. The validated method was applied to assess the persistence of safrole residue in grains, where concentrations ranged from 1.095 to 0.052 µg kg−1 (contact) and from 2.16 to 0.12 µg kg −1 (fumigation). The levels measured up from the fifth day represented less than 1% of the initial concentration, proving that safrole have low persistence in cowpea beans, thus being safe for bioinsecticide use. Thus, this work is relevant not only for the extraction method developed, but also for the possible use of a natural insecticide in pest management in stored grains.
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da Silva Moura E, D’Antonino Faroni LR, Fernandes Heleno F, Aparecida Zinato Rodrigues A, Figueiredo Prates LH, Lopes Ribeiro de Queiroz ME. Optimal Extraction of Ocimum basilicum Essential Oil by Association of Ultrasound and Hydrodistillation and Its Potential as a Biopesticide against a Major Stored Grains Pest. Molecules 2020; 25:E2781. [PMID: 32560197 PMCID: PMC7355779 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The essential oil of basil (Ocimum basilicum) has significant biological activity against insect pests and can be extracted through various techniques. This work aimed to optimize and validate the extraction process of the essential oil of O. basilicum submitted to different drying temperatures of the leaves and extracted by the combination of a Clevenger method and ultrasound. The biological activity of the extracted oil under different conditions was evaluated for potential control of Sitophilus zeamais. The extraction method was optimized according to the sonication time by ultrasound (0, 8, 19, 31 and 38 min) and hydrodistillation (20, 30, 45, 60 and 70 min) and drying temperature (20, 30, 45, 60 and 70 °C). The bioactivity of the essential oil was assessed against adults of S. zeamais and the effects of each variable and its interactions on the mortality of the insects were evaluated. The best yield of essential oil was obtained with the longest sonication and hydrodistillation times and the lowest drying temperature of leaves. Higher toxicity of the essential oil against S. zeamais was obtained by the use of ultrasound for its extraction. The identification and the relative percentage of the compounds of the essential oil were performed with a gas chromatograph coupled to a mass selective detector. The performance of the method was assessed by studying selectivity, linearity, limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ), precision and accuracy. The LOD and LOQ values for linalool were 2.19 and 6.62 µg mL-1 and for estragole 2.001 and 6.063 µg mL-1, respectively. The coefficients of determination (R2) were >0.99. The average recoveries ranged between 71 and 106%, with coefficient of variation ≤6.4%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eridiane da Silva Moura
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (E.d.S.M.); (F.F.H.); (A.A.Z.R.); (L.H.F.P.)
| | - Lêda Rita D’Antonino Faroni
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (E.d.S.M.); (F.F.H.); (A.A.Z.R.); (L.H.F.P.)
| | - Fernanda Fernandes Heleno
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (E.d.S.M.); (F.F.H.); (A.A.Z.R.); (L.H.F.P.)
| | - Alessandra Aparecida Zinato Rodrigues
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (E.d.S.M.); (F.F.H.); (A.A.Z.R.); (L.H.F.P.)
| | - Lucas Henrique Figueiredo Prates
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (E.d.S.M.); (F.F.H.); (A.A.Z.R.); (L.H.F.P.)
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