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Shi S, Li B, Zhou P, Chen L, Li H, Wang Y, Deng X, Dang Q, Wu J, Zha B, Li P, Zheng Y, Yang D. Analysis of the clinical efficacy and safety of anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitors in locally advanced nasopharyngeal cancer. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7359. [PMID: 39032129 PMCID: PMC11260107 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the efficacy and adverse effects of anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitors aimed at nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). METHODS During the first stage of the study, using 40 patients with stage III/IVa NPC treated with anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitors in combination with chemoradiotherapy as a first-line treatment (observation group) and 70 patients with NPC treated with chemoradiotherapy alone (control group). In the second stage of the study, 88 patients with NPC treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors were grouped according to the number of lines of immunotherapy, the number of times, and the types of application. RESULTS Observation of the short-term effects in the first stage indicated that the objective response rate (ORR) of the observation group and the control group against primary foci of NPC was 75.0% versus 40.0%; the mortality rate of the observation group was much lower than that of the control group. The overall first-line treatment evaluation of the observation vs. control groups were as follows: ORR (67.5% vs. 38.6%); median PFS (17.52 vs. 17.21 months); and median OS (18.68 vs. 18.14 months), respectively (p < 0.05). The second stage of the study had an ORR of 53.4%, and the efficacy of immunotherapy was related to staging, timing, and frequency. CONCLUSION Anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with chemoradiotherapy as the first-line treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma may improve patient outcomes significantly. Timing, frequency, and the type of immunotherapy exerted an effect on the efficacy of immunotherapy. Adverse effects that occurred during treatment were tolerable and controllable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuling Shi
- Department of Radiation OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Bingyan Li
- Department of Radiation OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Pengcheng Zhou
- Department of Radiation OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Linhui Chen
- Department of Radiation OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Huizhen Li
- Department of Radiation OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Yingyi Wang
- Department of Radiation OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Xiaoyu Deng
- Department of Radiation OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | | | - Jingjing Wu
- Department of Radiation OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Boya Zha
- Department of Radiation OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Peihong Li
- Department of Radiation OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Yingjuan Zheng
- Department of Radiation OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- Institute of Radiotherapy and Critical Care OncologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Daoke Yang
- Department of Radiation OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- Institute of Radiotherapy and Critical Care OncologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
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Brooks BE, Robinson-Bostom L, Massoud C. Recrudescence of incontinentia pigmenti presenting as a paraneoplastic syndrome: A natural experiment of NF-kB blockade in an inflammatory malignancy. JAAD Case Rep 2023; 40:115-116. [PMID: 37766733 PMCID: PMC10520490 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2023.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Blake Elizabeth Brooks
- Department of Dermatology, St. Luke’s University Health Network, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
| | - Leslie Robinson-Bostom
- Department of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Cathy Massoud
- Department of Dermatology, Richmond Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia
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3
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Zhao W, Xin L, Tang L, Li Y, Li X, Liu R. A positive feedback loop between LINC01605 and NF-κB pathway promotes tumor growth in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. RNA Biol 2022; 19:482-495. [PMID: 35373703 PMCID: PMC8986260 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2022.2027149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
zong non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as crucial effector in modulating the progression of assorted malignancies. In our study, the main aim was to unveil the role and the underlying regulatory mechanism of long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1605 (LINC01605) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). RT-qPCR analysis results suggested that LINC01605 was upregulated in NPC cells. According to the results of function experiments, LINC01605 promoted NPC cell proliferation and impeded cell apoptosis. The oncogenic role of LINC01605 in NPC was further validated by animal experiments. Additionally, we verified that LINC01605 regulated Ikbkb expression to promote the nuclear translocation of p65 and thereby activated the NF-κB pathway in NPC cells. Mechanism experiments further suggested that LINC01605 could regulate Ikbkb expression via sponging miR-942-5p. Moreover, LINC01605 recruited IGF2BP2 to stabilize ubiquitin-specific protease 3 (USP3) mRNA and thereby enhanced the stability of IkB subunit beta (IKKβ) protein. In addition, p65 acted as a transcription activator to upregulate LINC01605 in NPC cells. In conclusion, this study demonstrated a positive feedback loop between LINC01605 and the NF-κB signalling pathway that promoted NPC cell growth, thus providing new insights to better understand NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguo Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongshan People’s Hospital, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ling Xin
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongshan People’s Hospital, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lei Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongshan People’s Hospital, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yunjing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongshan People’s Hospital, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xueqin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongshan People’s Hospital, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ruifeng Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongshan People’s Hospital, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province, China
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4
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Su ZY, Siak PY, Leong CO, Cheah SC. Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Its Microenvironment: Past, Current, and Future Perspectives. Front Oncol 2022; 12:840467. [PMID: 35311066 PMCID: PMC8924466 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.840467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an epithelial malignancy that raises public health concerns in endemic countries. Despite breakthroughs in therapeutic strategies, late diagnosis and drug resistance often lead to unsatisfactory clinical outcomes in NPC patients. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex niche consisting of tumor-associated cells, such as fibroblasts, endothelial cells, leukocytes, that influences tumor initiation, progression, invasion, and metastasis. Cells in the TME communicate through various mechanisms, of note, exosomes, ligand-receptor interactions, cytokines and chemokines are active players in the construction of TME, characterized by an abundance of immune infiltrates with suppressed immune activities. The NPC microenvironment serves as a target-rich niche for the discovery of potential promising predictive or diagnostic biomarkers and the development of therapeutic strategies. Thus, huge efforts have been made to exploit the role of the NPC microenvironment. The whole picture of the NPC microenvironment remains to be portrayed to understand the mechanisms underlying tumor biology and implement research into clinical practice. The current review discusses the recent insights into the role of TME in the development and progression of NPC which results in different clinical outcomes of patients. Clinical interventions with the use of TME components as potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets, their challenges, and future perspectives will be introduced. This review anticipates to provide insights to the researchers for future preclinical, translational and clinical research on the NPC microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Yi Su
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pui Yan Siak
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chee-Onn Leong
- Centre of Cancer and Stem Cells Research, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Institute for Research, Development and Innovation, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shiau-Chuen Cheah
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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5
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Dore M, Filoche S, Danielson K, Henry C. Characterisation of Levonorgestrel-Resistant Endometrial Cancer Cells. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:7871-7884. [PMID: 34703309 PMCID: PMC8523362 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s327381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynaecologic malignancy in the developed world, and incidence is increasing in premenopausal women. The levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) is gaining traction as an alternative treatment for hyperplasia and early-stage EC for women who are unable to undergo surgery. Thirty to 60% of the women do not respond to this treatment, making the unknown mechanisms of levonorgestrel (LNG) resistance a critical obstacle for the conservative management of EC. This study aimed to characterise LNG-IUS treatment resistance in early-stage endometrial cancer in cell-line models. Methods LNG-resistant endometrial cancer cell lines (MFE296R and MFE319R) and cultures from three early stage endometrial cancer patients were developed. The behavioural profile of MFE296R and MFE319R was analysed using proliferation, adhesion, migration (wound healing and transwell) and invasion (spheroid) assays. LNG-sensitive cell lines (MFE296S and MFE319S) were compared to LNGR cell lines (MFE296R and MFE319R). A literature search was conducted to identify possible candidate biomarkers of LNG resistance. RT-qPCR was used to analyse the mRNA expression of 17 candidate biomarkers in MFE296R and MFE319R. mRNA expression of the top differentially expressed genes was measured using RT-qPCR in primary cultures. Results LNG resistance did not affect proliferation or invasion in immortalised endometrial cancer cells. Transwell migration was significantly increased in MFE319R cells (p=0.03). Cellular adhesion significantly decreased in both MFE296R cells (p=0.012) and MFE319R cells (p=0.04). mRNA expression of KLF4 and SATB2 was significantly amplified in MFE296R and MFE319R cells. mRNA expression of KLF4 was significantly upregulated LNG-resistant primary cell lines. Conclusion LNG-resistant cells may have more oncogenic potential than their LNG-sensitive counterparts. Significant changes in the mRNA expression of KLF4 and SATB2 of LNG-resistant cells is a promising preliminary result in biomarker discovery for guiding LNG-IUS treatment of early stage endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Dore
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology & Women's Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Sara Filoche
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology & Women's Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Kirsty Danielson
- Department of Surgery and Anaesthesia, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Claire Henry
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology & Women's Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
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Mashukova A, Forteza R, Shah VN, Salas PJ. The cell polarity kinase Par1b/MARK2 activation selects specific NF-kB transcripts via phosphorylation of core mediator Med17/TRAP80. Mol Biol Cell 2021; 32:690-702. [PMID: 33596087 PMCID: PMC8108508 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e20-10-0646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Par1b/MARK2 is a Ser/Thr kinase with pleiotropic effects that participates in the generation of apico-basal polarity in Caenorhabditis elegans. It is phosphorylated by atypical PKC(ι/λ) in Thr595 and inhibited. Because previous work showed a decrease in atypical protein kinase C (aPKC) activity under proinflammatory conditions, we analyzed the hypothesis that the resulting decrease in Thr595-MARK2 with increased kinase activity may also participate in innate immunity. We confirmed that pT595-MARK2 was decreased under inflammatory stimulation. The increase in MARK2 activity was verified by Par3 delocalization and rescue with a specific inhibitor. MARK2 overexpression significantly enhanced the transcriptional activity of NF-kB for a subset of transcripts. It also resulted in phosphorylation of a single band (∼Mr 80,000) coimmunoprecipitating with RelA, identified as Med17. In vitro phosphorylation showed direct phosphorylation of Med17 in Ser152 by recombinant MARK2. Expression of S152D-Med17 mimicked the effect of MARK2 activation on downstream transcriptional regulation, which was antagonized by S152A-Med17. The decrease in pThr595 phosphorylation was validated in aPKC-deficient mouse jejunal mucosae. The transcriptional effects were confirmed in transcriptome analysis and transcript enrichment determinations in cells expressing S152D-Med17. We conclude that theMARK2-Med17 axis represents a novel form of cross-talk between polarity signaling and transcriptional regulation including, but not restricted to, innate immunity responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Mashukova
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136.,Department of Medical Education, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314
| | - Radia Forteza
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136
| | - Viraj N Shah
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136
| | - Pedro J Salas
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136
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Wang J, Jin W, Zhou X, Li J, Xu C, Ma Z, Wang J, Qin L, Zhou B, Ding W, Gao T, Yao H, Chen Z. Identification, Structure-Activity Relationships of Marine-Derived Indolocarbazoles, and a Dual PKCθ/δ Inhibitor with Potent Antipancreatic Cancer Efficacy. J Med Chem 2020; 63:12978-12991. [PMID: 33100009 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Protein kinases C (PKCs) are a family of serine/threonine kinases involved in various cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, cell survival, and apoptosis. Here, we report the identification, structure-activity relationship (SAR), and 3D-QSAR studies of 69 natural indolocarbazoles, including 15 new compounds, from marine streptomyces strains. Interestingly, we found that the chair conformational isomer of 7-oxo-staurosporine (compound 15) inhibited PKCθ more potently than the corresponding boat isomer. An evaluation of kinase selectivity and antitumor efficacy revealed that 15 was a potent dual PKCθ/δ inhibitor and that it could efficiently inhibit tumor growth in pancreatic cancer (PC) by inducing cellular apoptosis and suppressing the NF-κB/p-P65 pathway. In addition, we demonstrated that overexpression of p-PKCδ and p-P65 was associated with poor survival rates in patients with PC, and p-PKCθ expression also showed significant positive correlations with p-PKCδ and p-P65 levels. Finally, the PC patient-derived xenograft model further confirmed the potential anti-PC efficacy of 15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Wang
- Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, No. 1 Zheda Road, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Weiyang Jin
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 2318, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Xiaoxin Zhou
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 2318, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, No. 1 Zheda Road, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Chengdong Xu
- Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, No. 1 Zheda Road, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Zhongjun Ma
- Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, No. 1 Zheda Road, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Jianan Wang
- Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, No. 1 Zheda Road, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Lele Qin
- Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, No. 1 Zheda Road, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Biao Zhou
- Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, No. 1 Zheda Road, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Wanjing Ding
- Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, No. 1 Zheda Road, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Tingting Gao
- Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, No. 1 Zheda Road, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Hangping Yao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548, Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China
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Espinosa-Sánchez A, Suárez-Martínez E, Sánchez-Díaz L, Carnero A. Therapeutic Targeting of Signaling Pathways Related to Cancer Stemness. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1533. [PMID: 32984007 PMCID: PMC7479251 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The theory of cancer stem cells (CSCs) proposes that the different cells within a tumor, as well as metastasis deriving from it, are originated from a single subpopulation of cells with self-renewal and differentiation capacities. These cancer stem cells are supposed to be critical for tumor expansion and metastasis, tumor relapse and resistance to conventional therapies, such as chemo- and radiotherapy. The acquisition of these abilities has been attributed to the activation of alternative pathways, for instance, WNT, NOTCH, SHH, PI3K, Hippo, or NF-κB pathways, that regulate detoxification mechanisms; increase the metabolic rate; induce resistance to apoptotic, autophagic, and senescence pathways; promote the overexpression of drug transporter proteins; and activate specific stem cell transcription factors. The elimination of CSCs is an important goal in cancer therapeutic approaches because it could decrease relapses and metastatic dissemination, which are main causes of mortality in oncology patients. In this work, we discuss the role of these signaling pathways in CSCs along with their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asunción Espinosa-Sánchez
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
- CIBER de Cancer, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisa Suárez-Martínez
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
- CIBER de Cancer, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Sánchez-Díaz
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
- CIBER de Cancer, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amancio Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
- CIBER de Cancer, Madrid, Spain
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Yiu SPT, Dorothea M, Hui KF, Chiang AKS. Lytic Induction Therapy against Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Malignancies: Past, Present, and Future. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082142. [PMID: 32748879 PMCID: PMC7465660 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) lytic induction therapy is an emerging virus-targeted therapeutic approach that exploits the presence of EBV in tumor cells to confer specific killing effects against EBV-associated malignancies. Efforts have been made in the past years to uncover the mechanisms of EBV latent-lytic switch and discover different classes of chemical compounds that can reactivate the EBV lytic cycle. Despite the growing list of compounds showing potential to be used in the lytic induction therapy, only a few are being tested in clinical trials, with varying degrees of success. This review will summarize the current knowledge on EBV lytic reactivation, the major hurdles of translating the lytic induction therapy into clinical settings, and highlight some potential strategies in the future development of this therapy for EBV-related lymphoid and epithelial malignancies.
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Mi JL, Liu C, Xu M, Wang RS. Network Pharmacology to Uncover the Molecular Mechanisms of Action of LeiGongTeng for the Treatment of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Med Sci Monit Basic Res 2020; 26:e923431. [PMID: 32448862 PMCID: PMC7268886 DOI: 10.12659/msmbr.923431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a common head and neck cancer epidemic in southern China and southeast Asia. LeiGongTeng has been widely used for the treatment of cancers. The purpose of this study was to determine the pharmacological mechanism of action of LeiGongTeng in the treatment of NPC using a network pharmacological approach. Material/Methods The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology (TCMSP) database was used to identify active ingredients and associated target proteins for LeiGongTeng. Cytoscape was utilized to create a drug-disease network and topology analysis was conducted to analyze the degree of each ingredient. The Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) online tool was applied for the construction and analysis of the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, while Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment and Gene Ontology (GO) functional analyses were utilized to determine drug-disease common genes. Results 22 active ingredients including kaempferol, nobiletin, and beta-sitosterol, and 30 drug-disease common genes including VEGFA, CASP3, ESR1, and RELA were identified. GO analysis indicated that 94 biological processes, including RNA polymerase II, apoptotic process, response to drug, cell adhesion, and response to hypoxia, were found to be associated with NPC. The KEGG enrichment analysis showed that 58 pathways, including the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, microRNAs in cancer, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway and pathways in cancer were found to be associated with NPC. Conclusions LeiGongTeng exerts its therapeutic effect through various biological processes and signaling pathways since it acts on several target genes. Systematic pharmacology can be used to predict the underlying function of LeiGongTeng and its mechanism of action in NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Lin Mi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Radiation Oncology Clinical Medical Research Center of Guangxi, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Radiation Oncology Clinical Medical Research Center of Guangxi, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Meng Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Radiation Oncology Clinical Medical Research Center of Guangxi, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Ren-Sheng Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Radiation Oncology Clinical Medical Research Center of Guangxi, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
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