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Resende KKM, Riou MC, Yamaguti PM, Fournier B, Rondeau S, Pacot L, Berdal A, Felizardo R, Mazzeu JF, Cormier-Daire V, Gaucher C, Acevedo AC, de La Dure-Molla M. Oro-dental phenotyping and report of three families with RELT-associated amelogenesis imperfecta. Eur J Hum Genet 2023; 31:1337-1341. [PMID: 37670079 PMCID: PMC10620165 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-023-01440-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a group of rare genetic conditions characterized by quantitative and/or qualitative tooth enamel alterations. AI can manifest as an isolated trait or as part of a syndrome. Recently, five biallelic disease-causing variants in the RELT gene were identified in 7 families with autosomal recessive amelogenesis imperfecta (ARAI). RELT encodes an orphan receptor in the tumor necrosis factor (TNFR) superfamily expressed during tooth development, with unknown function. Here, we report one Brazilian and two French families with ARAI and a distinctive hypomineralized phenotype with hypoplastic enamel, post-eruptive enamel loss, and occlusal attrition. Using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), four novel RELT variants were identified (c.120+1G>A, p.(?); c.120+1G>T, p.(?); c.193T>C, p.(Cys65Arg) and c.1260_1263dup, p.(Arg422Glyfs*5)). Our findings extend the knowledge of ARAI dental phenotypes and expand the disease-causing variants spectrum of the RELT gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kemelly Karolliny Moreira Resende
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
- Oral Care Center for Inherited Diseases, University Hospital of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Margot Charlotte Riou
- Reference Center of Oral and Dental Rare Diseases (O-Rares), Rothschild Hospital, Public Assistance- Paris Hospitals, Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, Dental Faculty, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne University, UMRS 1138 Inserm, Molecular Oral Physiopathology, Paris, France
| | - Paulo Marcio Yamaguti
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
- Oral Care Center for Inherited Diseases, University Hospital of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Benjamin Fournier
- Reference Center of Oral and Dental Rare Diseases (O-Rares), Rothschild Hospital, Public Assistance- Paris Hospitals, Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, Dental Faculty, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne University, UMRS 1138 Inserm, Molecular Oral Physiopathology, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Rondeau
- Reference Center for Skeletal Dysplasia, Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies Rares, Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, INSERM UMR 1163 IMAGINE Institute, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Pacot
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Fédération de Génétique et de Médecine Génomique, APHP.Centre - Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris Cité, CARPEM, Paris, France
| | - Ariane Berdal
- Reference Center of Oral and Dental Rare Diseases (O-Rares), Rothschild Hospital, Public Assistance- Paris Hospitals, Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, Dental Faculty, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne University, UMRS 1138 Inserm, Molecular Oral Physiopathology, Paris, France
| | - Rufino Felizardo
- Reference Center of Oral and Dental Rare Diseases (O-Rares), Rothschild Hospital, Public Assistance- Paris Hospitals, Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, Dental Faculty, Paris, France
| | - Juliana Forte Mazzeu
- Laboratory of Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Valérie Cormier-Daire
- Reference Center for Skeletal Dysplasia, Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies Rares, Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, INSERM UMR 1163 IMAGINE Institute, Paris, France
| | - Céline Gaucher
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Fédération de Génétique et de Médecine Génomique, APHP.Centre - Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, URP2496, F-92120, Montrouge, France
- Department of Odontology, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaire Henri Mondor, Paris, F-94000, France
| | - Ana Carolina Acevedo
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
- Oral Care Center for Inherited Diseases, University Hospital of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
- Paris Cité University, Dental Faculty, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne University, UMRS 1138 Inserm, Molecular Oral Physiopathology, Paris, France
| | - Muriel de La Dure-Molla
- Reference Center of Oral and Dental Rare Diseases (O-Rares), Rothschild Hospital, Public Assistance- Paris Hospitals, Paris, France.
- Paris Cité University, Dental Faculty, Paris, France.
- Paris Cité University, INSERM UMR 1163 IMAGINE Institute, Paris, France.
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Cusick JK, Alcaide J, Shi Y. The RELT Family of Proteins: An Increasing Awareness of Their Importance for Cancer, the Immune System, and Development. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2695. [PMID: 37893069 PMCID: PMC10603948 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This review highlights Receptor Expressed in Lymphoid Tissues (RELT), a Tumor Necrosis Factor Superfamily member, and its two paralogs, RELL1 and RELL2. Collectively, these three proteins are referred to as RELTfms and have gained much interest in recent years due to their association with cancer and other human diseases. A thorough knowledge of their physiological functions, including the ligand for RELT, is lacking, yet emerging evidence implicates RELTfms in a variety of processes including cytokine signaling and pathways that either promote cell death or survival. T cells from mice lacking RELT exhibit increased responses against tumors and increased inflammatory cytokine production, and multiple lines of evidence indicate that RELT may promote an immunosuppressive environment for tumors. The relationship of individual RELTfms in different cancers is not universal however, as evidence indicates that individual RELTfms may be risk factors in certain cancers yet appear to be protective in other cancers. RELTfms are important for a variety of additional processes related to human health including microbial pathogenesis, inflammation, behavior, reproduction, and development. All three proteins have been strongly conserved in all vertebrates, and this review aims to provide a clearer understanding of the current knowledge regarding these interesting proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- John K. Cusick
- College of Medicine, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA
| | - Jessa Alcaide
- College of Medicine, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA
| | - Yihui Shi
- College of Medicine, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, Sutter Bay Hospitals, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
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Orlova E, Dudding T, Chernus JM, Alotaibi RN, Haworth S, Crout RJ, Lee MK, Mukhopadhyay N, Feingold E, Levy SM, McNeil DW, Foxman B, Weyant RJ, Timpson NJ, Marazita ML, Shaffer JR. Association of Early Childhood Caries with Bitter Taste Receptors: A Meta-Analysis of Genome-Wide Association Studies and Transcriptome-Wide Association Study. Genes (Basel) 2022; 14:59. [PMID: 36672800 PMCID: PMC9858612 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although genetics affects early childhood caries (ECC) risk, few studies have focused on finding its specific genetic determinants. Here, we performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in five cohorts of children (aged up to 5 years, total N = 2974, cohorts: Center for Oral Health Research in Appalachia cohorts one and two [COHRA1, COHRA2], Iowa Fluoride Study, Iowa Head Start, Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children [ALSPAC]) aiming to identify genes with potential roles in ECC biology. We meta-analyzed the GWASs testing ~3.9 million genetic variants and found suggestive evidence for association at genetic regions previously associated with caries in primary and permanent dentition, including the β-defensin anti-microbial proteins. We then integrated the meta-analysis results with gene expression data in a transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS). This approach identified four genes whose genetically predicted expression was associated with ECC (p-values < 3.09 × 10−6; CDH17, TAS2R43, SMIM10L1, TAS2R14). Some of the strongest associations were with genes encoding members of the bitter taste receptor family (TAS2R); other members of this family have previously been associated with caries. Of note, we identified the receptor encoded by TAS2R14, which stimulates innate immunity and anti-microbial defense in response to molecules released by the cariogenic bacteria, Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus. These findings provide insight into ECC genetic architecture, underscore the importance of host-microbial interaction in caries risk, and identify novel risk genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Orlova
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Tom Dudding
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1QU, UK
| | - Jonathan M. Chernus
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Rasha N. Alotaibi
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Simon Haworth
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1QU, UK
| | - Richard J. Crout
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Myoung Keun Lee
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Nandita Mukhopadhyay
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Eleanor Feingold
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Steven M. Levy
- Department of Preventive & Community Dentistry, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Daniel W. McNeil
- Department of Psychology & Department of Dental Public Health and Professional Practice, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Betsy Foxman
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Robert J. Weyant
- Dental Public Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Nicholas J. Timpson
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1QU, UK
- Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1QU, UK
| | - Mary L. Marazita
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - John R. Shaffer
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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Shahid S, Ikeda A, Layana MC, Bartlett JD. ADAM10: Possible functions in enamel development. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1032383. [PMID: 36505044 PMCID: PMC9732274 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1032383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
ADAM10 is A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase (ADAM) family member that is membrane bound with its catalytic domain present on the cell surface. It is a sheddase that cleaves anchored cell surface proteins to shed them from the cell surface. ADAM10 can cleave at least a hundred different proteins and is expressed in most tissues of the body. ADAM10 is best characterized for its role in Notch signaling. Interestingly, ADAM10 is transported to specific sites on the cell surface by six different tetraspanins. Although the mechanism is not clear, tetraspanins can regulate ADAM10 substrate specificity, which likely contributes to the diversity of ADAM10 substrates. In developing mouse teeth, ADAM10 is expressed in the stem cell niche and subsequently in pre-ameloblasts and then secretory stage ameloblasts. However, once ameloblasts begin transitioning into the maturation stage, ADAM10 expression abruptly ceases. This is exactly when ameloblasts stop their movement that extends enamel crystallites and when the enamel layer reaches its full thickness. ADAM10 may play an important role in enamel development. ADAM10 can cleave cadherins and other cell-cell junctions at specific sites where the tetraspanins have transported it and this may promote cell movement. ADAM10 can also cleave the transmembrane proteins COL17A1 and RELT. When either COL17A1 or RELT are mutated, malformed enamel may occur in humans and mice. So, ADAM10 may also regulate these proteins that are necessary for proper enamel development. This mini review will highlight ADAM10 function, how that function is regulated by tetraspanins, and how ADAM10 may promote enamel formation.
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Adam10-dependent Notch signaling establishes dental epithelial cell boundaries required for enamel formation. iScience 2022; 25:105154. [PMID: 36193048 PMCID: PMC9526176 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The disintegrin and metalloproteinase Adam10 is a membrane-bound sheddase that regulates Notch signaling and ensures epidermal integrity. To address the function of Adam10 in the continuously growing incisors, we used Keratin14Cre/+;Adam10fl/fl transgenic mice, in which Adam10 is conditionally deleted in the dental epithelium. Keratin14Cre/+;Adam10fl/fl mice exhibited severe abnormalities, including defective enamel formation reminiscent of human enamel pathologies. Histological analyses of mutant incisors revealed absence of stratum intermedium, and severe disorganization of enamel-secreting ameloblasts. In situ hybridization and immunostaining analyses in the Keratin14Cre/+;Adam10fl/fl incisors showed strong Notch1 downregulation in dental epithelium and ectopic distribution of enamel-specific molecules, including ameloblastin and amelogenin. Lineage tracing studies using Notch1CreERT2;R26mT/mG mice demonstrated that loss of the stratum intermedium cells was due to their fate switch toward the ameloblast lineage. Overall, our data reveal that in the continuously growing incisors the Adam10/Notch axis controls dental epithelial cell boundaries, cell fate switch and proper enamel formation. ADAM10 deletion in the dental epithelium causes the formation of defective enamel ADAM10 deletion leads to loss of stratum intermedium and Notch1 expression ADAM10 deletion leads to stratum intermedium-to-ameloblast cell fate switch
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The Autism Spectrum Disorder-Associated Bacterial Metabolite p-Cresol Derails the Neuroimmune Response of Microglial Cells Partially via Reduction of ADAM17 and ADAM10. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911013. [PMID: 36232346 PMCID: PMC9570133 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The bacterial metabolite 4-methylphenol (para-cresol or p-cresol) and its derivative p-cresyl sulfate (pCS) are elevated in the urine and feces of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It has been shown that p-cresol administration induces social behavior deficits and repetitive behavior in mice. However, the mechanisms of p-cresol, specifically its metabolite pCS that can reach the brain, in ASD remain to be investigated. The pCS has been shown to inhibit LPS-stimulated inflammatory response. A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease 10 (ADAM10) and A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17) are thought to regulate microglial immune response by cleaving membrane-bound proteins. In the present study, a neuroinflammation model of LPS-activated BV2 microglia has been used to unveil the potential molecular mechanism of pCS in ASD pathogenesis. In microglial cells pCS treatment decreases the expression or maturation of ADAM10 and ADAM17. In addition, pCS treatment attenuates TNF-α and IL-6 releases as well as phagocytosis activity of microglia. In in vitro ADAM10/17 inhibition experiments, either ADAM10 or ADAM17 inhibition reduces constitutive and LPS-activated release of TNF-α, TNFR-1 and IL-6R by microglial cells, while it increases constitutive and LPS-activated microglial phagocytotic activity. The in vivo results further confirm the involvement of ADAM10 and ADAM17 in ASD pathogenesis. In in utero VPA-exposed male mice, elevated concentration in serum of p-cresol-associated metabolites pCS and p-cresyl glucuronide (pCG) is associated with a VPA-induced increased ADAM10 maturation, and a decreased ADAM17 maturation that is related with attenuated levels of soluble TNF-α and TGF-β1 in the mice brain. Overall, the present study demonstrates a partial role of ADAM10 and ADAM17 in the derailed innate immune response of microglial cells associated with pCS-induced ASD pathogenesis.
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Suzuki A, Yoshioka H, Liu T, Gull A, Singh N, Le T, Zhao Z, Iwata J. Crucial Roles of microRNA-16-5p and microRNA-27b-3p in Ameloblast Differentiation Through Regulation of Genes Associated With Amelogenesis Imperfecta. Front Genet 2022; 13:788259. [PMID: 35401675 PMCID: PMC8990915 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.788259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Amelogenesis imperfecta is a congenital disorder within a heterogeneous group of conditions characterized by enamel hypoplasia. Patients suffer from early tooth loss, social embarrassment, eating difficulties, and pain due to an abnormally thin, soft, fragile, and discolored enamel with poor aesthetics and functionality. The etiology of amelogenesis imperfecta is complicated by genetic interactions. To identify mouse amelogenesis imperfecta-related genes (mAIGenes) and their respective phenotypes, we conducted a systematic literature review and database search and found and curated 70 mAIGenes across all of the databases. Our pathway enrichment analysis indicated that these genes were enriched in tooth development-associated pathways, forming four distinct groups. To explore how these genes are regulated and affect the phenotype, we predicted microRNA (miRNA)-gene interaction pairs using our bioinformatics pipeline. Our miRNA regulatory network analysis pinpointed that miR-16-5p, miR-27b-3p, and miR-23a/b-3p were hub miRNAs. The function of these hub miRNAs was evaluated through ameloblast differentiation assays with/without the candidate miRNA mimics using cultured mouse ameloblast cells. Our results revealed that overexpression of miR-16-5p and miR-27b-3p, but not miR-23a/b-3p, significantly inhibited ameloblast differentiation through regulation of mAIGenes. Thus, our study shows that miR-16-5p and miR-27b-3p are candidate pathogenic miRNAs for amelogenesis imperfecta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Suzuki
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- Center for Craniofacial Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Hiroki Yoshioka
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- Center for Craniofacial Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Teng Liu
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Aania Gull
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- Center for Craniofacial Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Naina Singh
- Center for Craniofacial Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Thanh Le
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- Center for Craniofacial Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Junichi Iwata
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- Center for Craniofacial Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States
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Qin W, Wan QQ, Ma YX, Wang CY, Wan MC, Ma S, Wang YR, Wang WR, Gu JT, Tay FR, Niu LN. Manifestation and Mechanisms of Abnormal Mineralization in Teeth. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 9:1733-1756. [PMID: 34436861 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tooth biomineralization is a dynamic and complicated process influenced by local and systemic factors. Abnormal mineralization in teeth occurs when factors related to physiologic mineralization are altered during tooth formation and after tooth maturation, resulting in microscopic and macroscopic manifestations. The present Review provides timely information on the mechanisms and structural alterations of different forms of pathological tooth mineralization. A comprehensive study of these alterations benefits diagnosis and biomimetic treatment of abnormal mineralization in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P. R. China
| | - Qian-Qian Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Xuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P. R. China
| | - Chen-Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P. R. China
| | - Mei-Chen Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P. R. China
| | - Sai Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Rong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P. R. China
| | - Wan-Rong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Ting Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P. R. China
| | - Franklin R Tay
- College of Graduate Studies, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, United States
| | - Li-Na Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P. R. China
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Cusick JK, Alhomsy Y, Wong S, Talbott G, Uversky VN, Hart C, Hejazi N, Jacobs AT, Shi Y. RELT stains prominently in B-cell lymphomas and binds the hematopoietic transcription factor MDFIC. Biochem Biophys Rep 2020; 24:100868. [PMID: 33367115 PMCID: PMC7749370 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2020.100868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Receptor Expressed in Lymphoid Tissues (RELT) is a human tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member (TNFRSF) that is expressed most prominently in cells and tissues of the hematopoietic system. RELL1 and RELL2 are two homologs that physically interact with RELT and co-localize with RELT at the plasma membrane. This study sought to further elucidate the function of RELT by identifying novel protein interactions with RELT family members. The transcription factor MyoD family inhibitor domain-containing (MDFIC) was identified in a yeast two-hybrid genetic screen using RELL1 as bait. MDFIC co-localizes with RELT family members at the plasma membrane; this co-localization was most prominently observed with RELL1 and RELL2. In vitro co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) was utilized to demonstrate that MDFIC physically interacts with RELT, RELL1, and RELL2. Co-IP using deletion mutants of MDFIC and RELT identified regions important for physical association between MDFIC and RELT family members and a computational analysis revealed that RELT family members are highly disordered proteins. Immunohistochemistry of normal human lymph nodes revealed RELT staining that was most prominent in macrophages. Interestingly, the level of RELT staining significantly increased progressively in low and high-grade B-cell lymphomas versus normal lymph nodes. RELT co-staining with CD20 was observed in B-cell lymphomas, indicating that RELT is expressed in malignant B cells. Collectively, these results further our understanding of RELT-associated signaling pathways, the protein structure of RELT family members, and provide preliminary evidence indicating an association of RELT with B-cell lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- John K. Cusick
- Department of Basic Science, California Northstate University, College of Medicine, Elk Grove, CA, 95757, USA
| | - Yasmeen Alhomsy
- Department of Basic Science, California Northstate University, College of Medicine, Elk Grove, CA, 95757, USA
| | - Stephanie Wong
- Department of Medical Education, California University of Science and Medicine, San Bernardino, CA, 92408, USA
| | - George Talbott
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, California Northstate University College of Pharmacy, Elk Grove, CA, 95757, USA
| | - Vladimir N. Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Cara Hart
- Department of Biology, The University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA
| | - Nazila Hejazi
- Department of Clinical Science, California Northstate University, College of Medicine, Elk Grove, CA, 95757, USA
| | - Aaron T. Jacobs
- Department of Medical Education, California University of Science and Medicine, San Bernardino, CA, 92408, USA
| | - Yihui Shi
- Department of Basic Science, California Northstate University, College of Medicine, Elk Grove, CA, 95757, USA
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10
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Nikolopoulos G, Smith CEL, Brookes SJ, El-Asrag ME, Brown CJ, Patel A, Murillo G, O'Connell MJ, Inglehearn CF, Mighell AJ. New missense variants in RELT causing hypomineralised amelogenesis imperfecta. Clin Genet 2020; 97:688-695. [PMID: 32052416 PMCID: PMC7216828 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a heterogeneous group of genetic diseases characterised by dental enamel malformation. Pathogenic variants in at least 33 genes cause syndromic or non-syndromic AI. Recently variants in RELT, encoding an orphan receptor in the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily, were found to cause recessive AI, as part of a syndrome encompassing small stature and severe childhood infections. Here we describe four additional families with autosomal recessive hypomineralised AI due to previously unreported homozygous mutations in RELT. Three families carried a homozygous missense variant in the fourth exon (c.164C>T, p.(T55I)) and a fourth family carried a homozygous missense variant in the 11th exon (c.1264C>T, p.(R422W)). We found no evidence of additional syndromic symptoms in affected individuals. Analyses of tooth microstructure with computerised tomography and scanning electron microscopy suggest a role for RELT in ameloblasts' coordination and interaction with the enamel matrix. Microsatellite genotyping in families segregating the T55I variant reveals a shared founder haplotype. These findings extend the RELT pathogenic variant spectrum, reveal a founder mutation in the UK Pakistani population and provide detailed analysis of human teeth affected by this hypomineralised phenotype, but do not support a possible syndromic presentation in all those with RELT-variant associated AI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Nikolopoulos
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, St James's University Hospital, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Claire E L Smith
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Steven J Brookes
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, St James's University Hospital, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Mohammed E El-Asrag
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medicine, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Catriona J Brown
- Birmingham Dental Hospital, Mill Pool Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Anesha Patel
- Birmingham Dental Hospital, Mill Pool Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Gina Murillo
- School of Dentistry, Ciudad Universitaria Rodrigo Facio, Montes De Oca, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Jose, Costa Rica
| | - Mary J O'Connell
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Chris F Inglehearn
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Alan J Mighell
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, St James's University Hospital, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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