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Homma MK, Nakato R, Niida A, Bando M, Fujiki K, Yokota N, Yamamoto S, Shibata T, Takagi M, Yamaki J, Kozuka-Hata H, Oyama M, Shirahige K, Homma Y. Cell cycle-dependent gene networks for cell proliferation activated by nuclear CK2α complexes. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302077. [PMID: 37907238 PMCID: PMC10618106 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear expression of protein kinase CK2α is reportedly elevated in human carcinomas, but mechanisms underlying its variable localization in cells are poorly understood. This study demonstrates a functional connection between nuclear CK2 and gene expression in relation to cell proliferation. Growth stimulation of quiescent human normal fibroblasts and phospho-proteomic analysis identified a pool of CK2α that is highly phosphorylated at serine 7. Phosphorylated CK2α translocates into the nucleus, and this phosphorylation appears essential for nuclear localization and catalytic activity. Protein signatures associated with nuclear CK2 complexes reveal enrichment of apparently unique transcription factors and chromatin remodelers during progression through the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing profiling demonstrated recruitment of CK2α to active gene loci, more abundantly in late G1 phase than in early G1, notably at transcriptional start sites of core histone genes, growth stimulus-associated genes, and ribosomal RNAs. Our findings reveal that nuclear CK2α complexes may be essential to facilitate progression of the cell cycle, by activating histone genes and triggering ribosomal biogenesis, specified in association with nuclear and nucleolar transcriptional regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miwako Kato Homma
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Ryuichiro Nakato
- Laboratory of Computational Genomics, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Niida
- Human Genome Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato, Japan
| | - Masashige Bando
- Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Japan
| | - Katsunori Fujiki
- Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Yokota
- Laboratory of Computational Genomics, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Japan
| | - So Yamamoto
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | | | - Motoki Takagi
- Translational Research Center, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Junko Yamaki
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hiroko Kozuka-Hata
- Medical Proteomics Laboratory, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato, Japan
| | - Masaaki Oyama
- Medical Proteomics Laboratory, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Shirahige
- Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Japan
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yoshimi Homma
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
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Zhao Y, Bai L, Zhang Y, Yao R, Sun Y, Hang R, Chen X, Wang H, Yao X, Xiao Y, Hang R. Type I collagen decorated nanoporous network on titanium implant surface promotes osseointegration through mediating immunomodulation, angiogenesis, and osteogenesis. Biomaterials 2022; 288:121684. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Guerra B, Doktor TK, Frederiksen SB, Somyajit K, Andresen BS. Essential role of CK2α for the interaction and stability of replication fork factors during DNA synthesis and activation of the S-phase checkpoint. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:339. [PMID: 35661926 PMCID: PMC9166893 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04374-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The ataxia telangiectasia mutated and Rad3-related (ATR)-CHK1 pathway is the major signalling cascade activated in response to DNA replication stress. This pathway is associated with the core of the DNA replication machinery comprising CDC45, the replicative MCM2-7 hexamer, GINS (altogether forming the CMG complex), primase-polymerase (POLε, -α, and -δ) complex, and additional fork protection factors such as AND-1, CLASPIN (CLSPN), and TIMELESS/TIPIN. In this study, we report that functional protein kinase CK2α is critical for preserving replisome integrity and for mounting S-phase checkpoint signalling. We find that CDC45, CLSPN and MCM7 are novel CK2α interacting partners and these interactions are particularly important for maintenance of stable MCM7-CDC45, ATRIP-ATR-MCM7, and ATR-CLSPN protein complexes. Consistently, cells depleted of CK2α and treated with hydroxyurea display compromised replisome integrity, reduced chromatin binding of checkpoint mediator CLSPN, attenuated ATR-mediated S-phase checkpoint and delayed recovery of stalled forks. In further support of this, differential gene expression analysis by RNA-sequencing revealed that down-regulation of CK2α accompanies global shutdown of genes that are implicated in the S-phase checkpoint. These findings add to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in DNA replication by showing that the protein kinase CK2α is essential for maintaining the stability of the replisome machinery and for optimizing ATR-CHK1 signalling activation upon replication stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Guerra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Thomas K Doktor
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Sabrina B Frederiksen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kumar Somyajit
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Brage S Andresen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Ulreich K, Firnau MB, Tagscherer N, Beyer S, Ackermann A, Plotz G, Brieger A. High Expression of Casein Kinase 2 Alpha Is Responsible for Enhanced Phosphorylation of DNA Mismatch Repair Protein MLH1 and Increased Tumor Mutation Rates in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14061553. [PMID: 35326704 PMCID: PMC8946085 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Colorectal cancer (CRC) is associated with DNA mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency. The serine/threonine casein kinase 2 alpha (CK2α) is able to phosphorylate and inhibit MMR protein MLH1 in vitro. This study aimed to analyze the relevance of CK2α for MLH1 phosphorylation in vivo. Around 50% of CRCs were identified to express significantly increased nuclear/cytoplasmic CK2α. High nuclear/cytoplasmic CK2α level could be significantly correlated with reduced 5-year survival outcome of patients, increased MLH1 phosphorylation, and enriched somatic tumor mutation rates. Overall, our study demonstrated, in vivo, that enhanced CK2α leads to an increase of MLH1 phosphorylation, higher tumor mutation rates, and is an unfavorable prognosis for patients. Abstract DNA mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency plays an essential role in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). We recently demonstrated in vitro that the serine/threonine casein kinase 2 alpha (CK2α) causes phosphorylation of the MMR protein MLH1 at position serine 477, which significantly inhibits the MMR. In the present study, CK2α-dependent MLH1 phosphorylation was analyzed in vivo. Using a cohort of 165 patients, we identified 88 CRCs showing significantly increased nuclear/cytoplasmic CK2α expression, 28 tumors with high nuclear CK2α expression and 49 cases showing a general low CK2α expression. Patients with high nuclear/cytoplasmic CK2α expression demonstrated significantly reduced 5-year survival outcome. By immunoprecipitation and Western blot analysis, we showed that high nuclear/cytoplasmic CK2α expression significantly correlates with increased MLH1 phosphorylation and enriched somatic tumor mutation rates. The CK2α mRNA levels tended to be enhanced in high nuclear/cytoplasmic and high nuclear CK2α-expressing tumors. Furthermore, we identified various SNPs in the promotor region of CK2α, which might cause differential CK2α expression. In summary, we demonstrated that high nuclear/cytoplasmic CK2α expression in CRCs correlates with enhanced MLH1 phosphorylation in vivo and seems to be causative for increased mutation rates, presumably induced by reduced MMR. These observations could provide important new therapeutic targets.
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Nistorescu S, Udrea AM, Badea MA, Lungu I, Boni M, Tozar T, Dumitrache F, Maraloiu VA, Popescu RG, Fleaca C, Andronescu E, Dinischiotu A, Staicu A, Balas M. Low Blue Dose Photodynamic Therapy with Porphyrin-Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Complexes: In Vitro Study on Human Melanoma Cells. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13122130. [PMID: 34959411 PMCID: PMC8705854 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness in photodynamic therapy of iron oxide nanoparticles (γ-Fe2O3 NPs), synthesized by laser pyrolysis technique, functionalized with 5,10,15,20-(Tetra-4-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrin tetraammonium (TPPS) on human cutaneous melanoma cells, after only 1 min blue light exposure. The efficiency of porphyrin loading on the iron oxide nanocarriers was estimated by using absorption and FTIR spectroscopy. The singlet oxygen yield was determined via transient characteristics of singlet oxygen phosphorescence at 1270 nm both for porphyrin functionalized nanoparticles and rose bengal used as standard. The irradiation was performed with a LED (405 nm, 1 mW/cm2) for 1 min after melanoma cells were treated with TPPS functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles (γ-Fe2O3 NPs_TPPS) and incubated for 24 h. Biological tests revealed a high anticancer effect of γ-Fe2O3 NPs_TPPS complexes indi-cated by the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, reduction of cell adhesion, and induction of cell death through ROS generated by TPPS under light exposure. The biological assays were combined with the pharmacokinetic prediction of the porphyrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Nistorescu
- National Institute of Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Str., 077125 Magurele, Romania; (S.N.); (A.-M.U.); (I.L.); (M.B.); (T.T.); (F.D.); (C.F.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (M.A.B.); (R.G.P.); (A.D.)
| | - Ana-Maria Udrea
- National Institute of Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Str., 077125 Magurele, Romania; (S.N.); (A.-M.U.); (I.L.); (M.B.); (T.T.); (F.D.); (C.F.)
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences, Section-ICUB, 050663 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Madalina Andreea Badea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (M.A.B.); (R.G.P.); (A.D.)
| | - Iulia Lungu
- National Institute of Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Str., 077125 Magurele, Romania; (S.N.); (A.-M.U.); (I.L.); (M.B.); (T.T.); (F.D.); (C.F.)
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Str., 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Mihai Boni
- National Institute of Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Str., 077125 Magurele, Romania; (S.N.); (A.-M.U.); (I.L.); (M.B.); (T.T.); (F.D.); (C.F.)
| | - Tatiana Tozar
- National Institute of Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Str., 077125 Magurele, Romania; (S.N.); (A.-M.U.); (I.L.); (M.B.); (T.T.); (F.D.); (C.F.)
| | - Florian Dumitrache
- National Institute of Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Str., 077125 Magurele, Romania; (S.N.); (A.-M.U.); (I.L.); (M.B.); (T.T.); (F.D.); (C.F.)
| | | | - Roua Gabriela Popescu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (M.A.B.); (R.G.P.); (A.D.)
| | - Claudiu Fleaca
- National Institute of Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Str., 077125 Magurele, Romania; (S.N.); (A.-M.U.); (I.L.); (M.B.); (T.T.); (F.D.); (C.F.)
| | - Ecaterina Andronescu
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Str., 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Anca Dinischiotu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (M.A.B.); (R.G.P.); (A.D.)
| | - Angela Staicu
- National Institute of Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Str., 077125 Magurele, Romania; (S.N.); (A.-M.U.); (I.L.); (M.B.); (T.T.); (F.D.); (C.F.)
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Mihaela Balas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (M.A.B.); (R.G.P.); (A.D.)
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (M.B.)
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