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Iritani B, Tiberi E, Skomorowski W, Moszynski R, Borkowski M, Zelevinsky T. Accurate Determination of Blackbody Radiation Shifts in a Strontium Molecular Lattice Clock. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:263201. [PMID: 38215384 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.263201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Molecular lattice clocks enable the search for new physics, such as fifth forces or temporal variations of fundamental constants, in a manner complementary to atomic clocks. Blackbody radiation (BBR) is a major contributor to the systematic error budget of conventional atomic clocks and is notoriously difficult to characterize and control. Here, we combine infrared Stark-shift spectroscopy in a molecular lattice clock and modern quantum chemistry methods to characterize the polarizabilities of the Sr_{2} molecule from dc to infrared. Using this description, we determine the static and dynamic blackbody radiation shifts for all possible vibrational clock transitions to the 10^{-16} level. This constitutes an important step toward millihertz-level molecular spectroscopy in Sr_{2} and provides a framework for evaluating BBR shifts in other homonuclear molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Iritani
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027-5255, USA
| | - E Tiberi
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027-5255, USA
| | - W Skomorowski
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2c, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - R Moszynski
- Quantum Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Borkowski
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027-5255, USA
- Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - T Zelevinsky
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027-5255, USA
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Delaunay C, Karr JP, Kitahara T, Koelemeij JCJ, Soreq Y, Zupan J. Self-Consistent Extraction of Spectroscopic Bounds on Light New Physics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:121801. [PMID: 37027868 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.121801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Fundamental physical constants are determined from a collection of precision measurements of elementary particles, atoms, and molecules. This is usually done under the assumption of the standard model (SM) of particle physics. Allowing for light new physics (NP) beyond the SM modifies the extraction of fundamental physical constants. Consequently, setting NP bounds using these data, and at the same time assuming the Committee on Data of the International Science Council recommended values for the fundamental physical constants, is not reliable. As we show in this Letter, both SM and NP parameters can be simultaneously determined in a consistent way from a global fit. For light vectors with QED-like couplings, such as the dark photon, we provide a prescription that recovers the degeneracy with the photon in the massless limit and requires calculations only at leading order in the small new physics couplings. At present, the data show tensions partially related to the proton charge radius determination. We show that these can be alleviated by including contributions from a light scalar with flavor nonuniversal couplings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Delaunay
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique Théorique, CNRS-USMB, BP 110 Annecy-le-Vieux, F-74941 Annecy, France
- Theoretical Physics Department, CERN, Esplanade des Particules 1, Geneva CH-1211, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Philippe Karr
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS-Université PSL, Collège de France, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
- Université d'Evry-Val d'Essonne, Université Paris-Saclay, Boulevard François Mitterrand, F-91000 Evry, France
| | - Teppei Kitahara
- Institute for Advanced Research and Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Universe, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
- KEK Theory Center, IPNS, KEK, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jeroen C J Koelemeij
- LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yotam Soreq
- Physics Department, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Jure Zupan
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221,USA
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3
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Brookes SGH, Hutson JM. Interaction Potential for NaCs for Ultracold Scattering and Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:3987-4001. [PMID: 35715220 PMCID: PMC9251775 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c01810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We obtain the interaction potential for NaCs by fitting to experiments on ultracold scattering and spectroscopy in optical tweezers. The central region of the potential has been accurately determined from Fourier transform spectroscopy at higher temperatures, so we focus on adjusting the long-range and short-range parts. We use coupled-channel calculations of binding energies and wave functions to understand the nature of the molecular states observed in ultracold spectroscopy and of the state that causes the Feshbach resonance used to create ultracold NaCs molecules. We elucidate the relationships between the experimental quantities and features of the interaction potential. We establish the combinations of experimental quantities that determine particular features of the potential. We find that the long-range dispersion coefficient C6 must be increased by about 0.9% to 3256(1)Eha06 to fit the experimental results. We use coupled-channel calculations on the final potential to predict bound-state energies and resonance positions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel G H Brookes
- Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy M Hutson
- Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
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Botsi S, Yang A, Lam MM, Pal SB, Kumar S, Debatin M, Dieckmann K. Empirical LiK excited state potentials: connecting short range and near dissociation expansions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:3933-3940. [PMID: 35094033 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04707h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report on a high-resolution spectroscopic survey of 6Li40K molecules near the 2S + 4P dissociation threshold and produce a fully empirical representation for the B1Π potential by connecting available short- and long-range data. The purpose is to identify a suitable intermediate state for a coherent Raman transfer to the absolute ground state, and the creation of a molecular gas with dipolar interactions. Starting from weakly bound ultracold Feshbach molecules, the transition frequencies to twenty-six vibrational states are determined. Our data are combined with long-range measurements [Ridinger et al., EPL, 2011, 96, 33001], and near-dissociation expansions for the spin-orbit coupled potentials are fitted to extract the van der Waals C6 dispersion coefficients. A suitable vibrational level is identified by resolving its Zeeman structure and by comparing the experimentally attained g-factor to our theoretical prediction. Using mass-scaling of the short-range data for the B1Π [Pashov et al., Chem. Phys. Lett., 1998, 292, 615620] and an updated value for its depth, we model the short- and the long-range data simultaneously and produce a Rydberg-Klein-Rees curve covering the entire range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Botsi
- Centre for Quantum Technologies (CQT), 3 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
| | - Anbang Yang
- Centre for Quantum Technologies (CQT), 3 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
| | - Mark M Lam
- Centre for Quantum Technologies (CQT), 3 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
| | - Sambit B Pal
- Centre for Quantum Technologies (CQT), 3 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Centre for Quantum Technologies (CQT), 3 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
| | - Markus Debatin
- Centre for Quantum Technologies (CQT), 3 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
| | - Kai Dieckmann
- Centre for Quantum Technologies (CQT), 3 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117543, Singapore. .,Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117542, Singapore
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TAKAHASHI Y. Quantum simulation of quantum many-body systems with ultracold two-electron atoms in an optical lattice. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2022; 98:141-160. [PMID: 35400693 PMCID: PMC9071925 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.98.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ultracold atoms in an optical lattice provide a unique approach to study quantum many-body systems, previously only possible by using condensed-matter experimental systems. This new approach, often called quantum simulation, becomes possible because of the high controllability of the system parameters and the inherent cleanness without lattice defects and impurities. In this article, we review recent developments in this rapidly growing field of ultracold atoms in an optical lattice, with special focus on quantum simulations using our newly created quantum many-body system of two-electron atoms of ytterbium. In addition, we also mention other interesting possibilities offered by this novel experimental platform, such as applications to precision measurements for studying fundamental physics and a Rydberg atom quantum computation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiro TAKAHASHI
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Bielska K, Cygan A, Konefał M, Kowzan G, Zaborowski M, Charczun D, Wójtewicz S, Wcisło P, Masłowski P, Ciuryło R, Lisak D. Frequency-based dispersion Lamb-dip spectroscopy in a high finesse optical cavity. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:39449-39460. [PMID: 34809309 DOI: 10.1364/oe.443661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Frequency-based cavity mode-dispersion spectroscopy (CMDS), previously applied for Doppler-limited molecular spectroscopy, is now employed for the first time for saturation spectroscopy. Comparison with two intensity-based, cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy techniques, i.e. cavity mode-width spectroscopy (CMWS) and the well-established cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS), shows the predominance of the CMDS. The method enables measurements in broader pressure range and shows high immunity of the Lamb dip position to the incomplete model of saturated cavity mode shape. Frequencies of transitions from the second overtone of CO are determined with standard uncertainty below 500 Hz which corresponds to relative uncertainty below 3 × 10-12. The pressure shift of the Lamb dips, which has not been detected for these transitions in available literature data, is observed.
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Constraints on Theoretical Predictions beyond the Standard Model from the Casimir Effect and Some Other Tabletop Physics. UNIVERSE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/universe7030047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We review the hypothetical interactions predicted beyond the Standard Model which could be constrained by using the results of tabletop laboratory experiments. These interactions are described by the power-type potentials with different powers, Yukawa potential, other spin-independent potentials, and by the spin-dependent potentials of different kinds. In all these cases the current constraints on respective hypothetical interactions are considered which follow from the Casimir effect and some other tabletop physics. The exotic particles and constraints on them are discussed in the context of problems of the quantum vacuum, dark energy, and the cosmological constant.
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Blackmore JA, Gregory PD, Bromley SL, Cornish SL. Coherent manipulation of the internal state of ultracold 87Rb 133Cs molecules with multiple microwave fields. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:27529-27538. [PMID: 33079114 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04651e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We explore coherent multi-photon processes in 87Rb133Cs molecules using 3-level lambda and ladder configurations of rotational and hyperfine states, and discuss their relevance to future applications in quantum computation and quantum simulation. In the lambda configuration, we demonstrate the driving of population between two hyperfine levels of the rotational ground state via a two-photon Raman transition. Such pairs of states may be used in the future as a quantum memory, and we measure a Ramsey coherence time for a superposition of these states of 58(9) ms. In the ladder configuration, we show that we can generate and coherently populate microwave dressed states via the observation of an Autler-Townes doublet. We demonstrate that we can control the strength of this dressing by varying the intensity of the microwave coupling field. Finally, we perform spectroscopy of the rotational states of 87Rb133Cs up to N = 6, highlighting the potential of ultracold molecules for quantum simulation in synthetic dimensions. By fitting the measured transition frequencies we determine a new value of the centrifugal distortion coefficient Dv = h × 207.3(2) Hz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob A Blackmore
- Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK.
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Leung KH, Majewska I, Bekker H, Lee CH, Tiberi E, Kondov SS, Moszynski R, Zelevinsky T. Transition Strength Measurements to Guide Magic Wavelength Selection in Optically Trapped Molecules. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:153001. [PMID: 33095629 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.153001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Optical trapping of molecules with long coherence times is crucial for many protocols in quantum information and metrology. However, the factors that limit the lifetimes of the trapped molecules remain elusive and require improved understanding of the underlying molecular structure. Here we show that measurements of vibronic line strengths in weakly and deeply bound ^{88}Sr_{2} molecules, combined with ab initio calculations, allow for unambiguous identification of vibrational quantum numbers. This, in turn, enables the construction of refined excited potential energy curves, informing the selection of magic wavelengths that facilitate long vibrational coherence. We demonstrate Rabi oscillations between far-separated vibrational states that persist for nearly 100 ms.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Leung
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027-5255, USA
| | - I Majewska
- Quantum Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - H Bekker
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027-5255, USA
| | - C-H Lee
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027-5255, USA
| | - E Tiberi
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027-5255, USA
| | - S S Kondov
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027-5255, USA
| | - R Moszynski
- Quantum Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Zelevinsky
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027-5255, USA
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The State of the Art in Constraining Axion-to-Nucleon Coupling and Non-Newtonian Gravity from Laboratory Experiments. UNIVERSE 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/universe6090147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Constraints on the Yukawa-type corrections to Newton’s gravitational law and on the coupling constant of axionlike particles to nucleons obtained from different laboratory experiments are reviewed and compared. The constraints on non-Newtonian gravity under discussion cover the wide interaction range from nanometers to millimeters and follow from the experiments on neutron scattering, measuring the Casimir force and Cavendish-type experiments. The constraints on the axion-to-nucleon coupling constant following from the magnetometer measurements, Cavendish-type experiments, Casimir physics, and experiments with beams of molecular hydrogen are considered, which refer to the region of axion masses from 10−10 to 200 eV. Particular attention is given to the recent constraints obtained from measuring the Casimir force at nanometer separation distance between the test bodies. Several proposed experiments focussed on constraining the non-Newtonian gravity, axionlike particles and other hypothetical weakly interacting particles, such as chameleons and symmetrons, are discussed.
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Klimchitskaya G, Kuusk P, Mostepanenko V. Constraints on non-Newtonian gravity and axionlike particles from measuring the Casimir force in nanometer separation range. Int J Clin Exp Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.101.056013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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