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Parajuli P, Craig DB, Gadgeel M, Bagla S, Wright RE, Chu R, Shanti CM, Thirunagari R, Grover SK, Ravindranath Y. Defective monocyte plasticity and altered cAMP pathway characterize USB1-mutated poikiloderma with neutropenia Clericuzio type. Br J Haematol 2024; 204:683-693. [PMID: 37779259 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Poikiloderma with neutropenia (PN) Clericuzio type (OMIM #604173) is a rare disease with areas of skin hyper- and hypopigmentation caused by biallelic USB1 variants. The current study was spurred by poor healing of a perianal tear wound in one affected child homozygous for c.266-1G>A (p.E90Sfster8) mutation, from a family reported previously. Treatment with G-CSF/CSF3 or GM-CSF/CSF2 transiently increased neutrophil/monocytes count with no effect on wound healing. Analysis of peripheral blood revealed a lack of non-classical (CD14+/- CD16+ ) monocytes, associated with a systemic inflammatory cytokine profile, in the two affected brothers. Importantly, despite normal expression of cognate receptors, monocytes from PN patients did not respond to M-CSF or IL-34 in vitro, as determined by cytokine secretion or CD16 expression. RNAseq of monocytes showed 293 differentially expressed genes, including significant downregulation of GATA2, AKAP6 and PDE4DIP that are associated with leucocyte differentiation and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signalling. Notably, the plasma cAMP was significantly low in the PN patients. Our study revealed a novel association of PN with a lack of non-classical monocyte population. The defects in monocyte plasticity may contribute to disease manifestations in PN and a defective cAMP signalling may be the primary effect of the splicing errors caused by USB1 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prahlad Parajuli
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Michigan, Detroit, USA
| | - Douglas B Craig
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Michigan, Detroit, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Manisha Gadgeel
- Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan, USA
| | - Shruti Bagla
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Robert E Wright
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Roland Chu
- Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan, USA
| | - Christina M Shanti
- Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Rajeev Thirunagari
- Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Sudershan K Grover
- Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Yaddanapudi Ravindranath
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Michigan, Detroit, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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2
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Shell DJ, Rectenwald JM, Buttery PH, Johnson RL, Foley CA, Guduru SKR, Uguen M, Rubiano JS, Zhang X, Li F, Norris-Drouin JL, Axtman M, Brian Hardy P, Vedadi M, Frye SV, James LI, Pearce KH. Discovery of hit compounds for methyl-lysine reader proteins from a target class DNA-encoded library. SLAS DISCOVERY : ADVANCING LIFE SCIENCES R & D 2022; 27:428-439. [PMID: 36272689 DOI: 10.1016/j.slasd.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Methyl-lysine (Kme) reader domains are prevalent in chromatin regulatory proteins which bind post-translational modification sites to recruit repressive and activating factors; therefore, these proteins play crucial roles in cellular signaling and epigenetic regulation. Proteins that contain Kme domains are implicated in various diseases, including cancer, making them attractive therapeutic targets for drug and chemical probe discovery. Herein, we report on expanding the utility of a previously reported, Kme-focused DNA-encoded library (DEL), UNCDEL003, as a screening tool for hit discovery through the specific targeting of Kme reader proteins. As an efficient method for library generation, focused DELs are designed based on structural and functional features of a specific class of proteins with the intent of novel hit discovery. To broadly assess the applicability of our library, UNCDEL003 was screened against five diverse Kme reader protein domains (53BP1 TTD, KDM7B JmjC-PHD, CDYL2 CD, CBX2 CD, and LEDGF PWWP) with varying structures and functions. From these screening efforts, we identified hit compounds which contain unique chemical scaffolds distinct from previously reported ligands. The selected hit compounds were synthesized off-DNA and confirmed using primary and secondary assays and assessed for binding selectivity. Hit compounds from these efforts can serve as starting points for additional development and optimization into chemical probes to aid in further understanding the functionality of these therapeutically relevant proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devan J Shell
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Justin M Rectenwald
- School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Peter H Buttery
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Rebecca L Johnson
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Caroline A Foley
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Shiva K R Guduru
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Mélanie Uguen
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Juanita Sanchez Rubiano
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Xindi Zhang
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Fengling Li
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Jacqueline L Norris-Drouin
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Matthew Axtman
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - P Brian Hardy
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Masoud Vedadi
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Stephen V Frye
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Lindsey I James
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kenneth H Pearce
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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3
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Hart D, Rodríguez Gutiérrez D, Biason-Lauber A. CBX2 in DSD: The Quirky Kid on the Block. Sex Dev 2022; 16:162-170. [PMID: 35263754 DOI: 10.1159/000522164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex development is an intricate and crucial process in all vertebrates that ensures the continued propagation of genetic diversity within a species, and ultimately their survival. Perturbations in this process can manifest as disorders/differences of sex development (DSD). Various transcriptional networks have been linked to development of the gonad into either male or female, which is actively driven by a set of genes that function in a juxtaposed manner and is maintained through the developmental stages to preserve the final sexual identity. One such identified gene is Chromobox homolog 2 (CBX2), an important ortholog of the Polycomb group (PcG) proteins, that functions as both chromatin modifier and highly dynamic transactivator. CBX2 was shown to be an essential factor for gonadal development in mammals, as genetic variants or loss-of-function of CBX2 can cause sex reversal in mice and humans. Here we will provide an overview of CBX2, its biological functions at molecular level, and the CBX2-dependent transcriptional landscape in gonadal development and DSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Hart
- Endocrinology Division, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cardiovascular System, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland,
| | - Daniel Rodríguez Gutiérrez
- Endocrinology Division, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cardiovascular System, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Anna Biason-Lauber
- Endocrinology Division, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cardiovascular System, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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Cbx2, a PcG Family Gene, Plays a Regulatory Role in Medaka Gonadal Development. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041288. [PMID: 32075028 PMCID: PMC7072964 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromobox homolog 2 (CBX2), a key member of the polycomb group (PcG) family, is essential for gonadal development in mammals. A functional deficiency or genetic mutation in cbx2 can lead to sex reversal in mice and humans. However, little is known about the function of cbx2 in gonadal development in fish. In this study, the cbx2 gene was identified in medaka, which is a model species for the study of gonadal development in fish. Transcription of cbx2 was abundant in the gonads, with testicular levels relatively higher than ovarian levels. In situ hybridization (ISH) revealed that cbx2 mRNA was predominately localized in spermatogonia and spermatocytes, and was also observed in oocytes at stages I, II, and III. Furthermore, cbx2 and vasa (a marker gene) were co-localized in germ cells by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). After cbx2 knockdown in the gonads by RNA interference (RNAi), the sex-related genes, including sox9 and foxl2, were influenced. These results suggest that cbx2 not only plays a positive role in spermatogenesis and oogenesis but is also involved in gonadal differentiation through regulating the expression levels of sex-related genes in fish.
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